精品解析：山西大学附属中学校2024～2025学年高三上学期8月开学考试英语试题

山西大学附中 2024~2025学年第一学期高三年级开学考试 英语试题 满分：150分 时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. A beautiful lake. B. A skating experience. C. The man’s progress. 2. Where did this conversation take place? A. In a movie theater. B. In a fast food restaurant. C. In an Internet bar. 3. What record did the woman just break? A. Her personal record. B. The school record. C. The national record. 4. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Shopkeeper and customer. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 5. How will the speakers go to China? A. By ship. B. By plane. C. By taxi. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a railway station. B. At a terminal. C. At a travel agency. 7. What will the man do next? A. To have a seat reservation. B. To buy a ticket. C. To contact his company. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a party. B. Discussing a lecture. C. Working part-time at a hospital. 9. Which job has the woman applied for? A. Waitress. B. Volunteer. C. Salesgirl. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What date is it today probably? A. May 5. B. May 10. C. May 15. 12. What is the third energy source the speakers will possibly choose? A. Wind. B. Nuclear. C. Solar. 13. What does the man suggest doing? A. Giving some comments. B. Leaving out some details. C. Putting on some statistics. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a radio studio. B. In a lab. C. In a gym. 15. What did Charles do in the history exams? A. He thought of some images in the book. B. He associated the knowledge with classic songs. C. He recalled the contents by singing in his mind. 16. How many tips does Charles mention? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 17. What is the function of teaching others according to Charles? A. To get some tips from others. B. To build up your confidence before the exam. C. To strengthen your understanding of the content. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the Geocaching? A. A treasure hunt. B. A GPS device. C. A fitness coach. 19. What do we know about the boxes? A. They are controlled remotely. B. They contain varieties of goods. C. They are placed in the neighborhood. 20. How does Geocaching benefit the kids? A. It develops their social skills. B. It exposes them to traditions. C. It makes them willing to walk. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ESSAY CONTEST THEME “A Letter from Myself in 2030” GUIDELINES 1. Essays may be submitted by anyone up to 25 years old. 2. Essays must be 700 words or less. Essays should be typed or printed. 3. Entries may be submitted online or by postal mail. * IMPORTANT: To send your essay online, you must go to the organizer's website and follow the required steps. 4. Entries submitted by postal mail must include a cover page indicating: your name; age; gender; address; e-mail; phone number; school name (if applicable); essay title; word count. * A cover page template (模板) is available to download on the organizer's website You may also create your own cover page with all items above. 5. Essays must be original and unpublished. 6. Essays must be written by one person. DEADLINE Entries must be received by June 15 this year. AWARDS 1st Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 1,000 2nd Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 500 3rd Prize: Certificate + Gift * 1st prize winners will be invited to the award ceremony on November 20 this year and will receive the Minister of Education Award. (Travel expenses will be covered by the organizer.) * All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the organizer's website. Certificates and gifts will be mailed to the winners, on December 10 this year. 1. Which of the following entries will be considered? A. Co-authored ones. B. Handwritten ones. C. Those of less than 700 words. D. Those mailed without a cover page. 2. What will a 2nd prize winner get? A. A special gift. B. A certificate and $ 500. C. A ticket to the award ceremony. D. The Minister of Education Award. 3. When will the contest results be announced? A. On June 15. B. On October31. C. On November 20. D. On December 10. B My first newsroom was in a grand building with tall arched windows that dominated a street corner in the small Midwestern city where I worked. Inside, there was a high ceiling. “Did this use to be a bank?” many visitors would ask. But it had, in fact, always been a newsroom. I was young and shy when I first went to work there, and it probably took me a month before I talked to any of the other reporters. But eventually, they became my best friends, the core of my social life My second newsroom was the airy top floor of a historic building in the state capital of Maryland. It was smaller and less grand but far more energizing. My colleagues were older. I learned so much about how to be a reporter from overhearing their phone interviews. This past summer, several American newspapers announced they would be closing their newsrooms. Many local newspapers have gone out of business in recent years, victims of declining circulation and shrinking advertising dollars. Then along came the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒疫情), and so many of us were sent home to work from there. The pleasant surprise is that we have all succeeded brilliantly in working remotely. But some managers have looked at this success and thought: “Why would we need to return to the newsroom?” I worry that they are making a big mistake. A physical newsroom sends a powerful message to a community: “We are here for you.” At my first job, strangers could walk right through the door and straight up my desk. We treasured that visibility. But I also think about the collaboration (合作)— of the times I would overhear colleagues talking about a story and realize that I had some useful information for them. Sometimes, a colleague would see me in the hall and give me a story idea. I can’t wait to get back to my newsroom. 4. How was the author’s first newsroom different from the second one? A. It sat in a big city. B. It used to be a bank. C. It was visitor-friendly. D. It was in a grand building. 5. How did the author benefit from her second newsroom? A. She overcame her shyness. B. She made her best friends there. C. She could overhear others’ argument. D. She gained experience from her colleagues. 6. What does the underlined part “this success” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Journalists worked effectively at home. B. Newspaper circulation was increasing C. Newspaper advertising was profitable. D. Journalism survived the pandemic. 7. Why is the author against closing newsrooms? A. Newsrooms serve as a close tie. B. She will be out of work as a result. C. Newspapers will disappear due to it. D. It is against the will of communities. C As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how. In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it. In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)” According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing. 8. The passage begins with two questions to ________. A. introduce the main topic B. show the author’s attitude C. describe how to use the Internet D. explain how to store information 9. What can we learn about the first experiment? A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer. B. The two groups remembered the information equally well. C. The first group did not try to remember the information. D. The second group did not understand the information. 10. In transactive memory, people ________. A. keep the information in mind B. change the quantity of information C. organize information like a computer D remember how to find the information 11. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research? A. We are using memory differently. B. We are becoming more intelligent. C. We have poorer memories than before. D. We need a better way to access information. D Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. The cottages could be an example of the industry’s odd love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual — so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example, but Twitter’s designs lie on the extreme end. Other companies are using a broader interpretation of low technology that focuses on nature. Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire floor is carpeted in grass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path.     Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “We have lost the connections to the maker in our lives, and our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished (贫乏的), because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “They’re looking for a way to regain their individual identity, and we’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”     This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life,” Morris said.     Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.     These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environments. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office — even simple views of trees and flowers — felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. 12. Why did the writer mention the two nineteenth-century cottages? A. To show that Twitter is having a hard time. B. To show that old cottages are in need of protection. C. To show that early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana. D. To show that Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology. 13. Low technology is regarded as something that _____. A. is related to nature B. is out of date today C. consumes too much energy D. exists in the virtual world 14. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? A. Human beings have destroyed many pre-industrial arts. B. Human beings have a tradition of valuing arts and crafts. C. Human beings can become intelligent by learning history. D. Human beings can regain their individual identity by using machines. 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Past Glories, Future Dreams B. The Virtual World, the Real Challenge C. High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices D. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Make Studying More Fun The “S” word draws various responses from teenagers. Some students are eager to dive in and tackle the books. ____16____ Regardless of your attitude to studying, one thing is for sure — it has to be done. So why not look at how you can make the process more enjoyable? ·Try hands-on learning. Consider going on a field trip to experience the topic first-hand. For example, if you’re studying marine biology, you can take a trip to the aquarium (水族馆). ____17____ If it’s math you’re trying to make sense of, talk with a structural engineer about how they figure out the load of a structure. ·____18____ Getting together with a friend or a group of classmates can help you learn new study techniques while still getting a few laughs. Try having a debate about a topic you’re trying to learn. With a larger group, you can test each other’s knowledge by making quizzes and creating true or false mini-tests. ·Break it up. Plan scheduled study breaks every hour and take part in an activity you enjoy. ____19____ Before you take a break, write down what you have learned during your study time and add to this list each time you take a break. ·Leave the house. Study at your favorite coffee shop or bookstore. If the weather is nice, head to a park or the beach. If you’re a mover, hit the pavement for a run and listen to a podcast (播客) that covers the topic you’re studying, or grab a friend and quiz each other while you run. ____20____ A. Assess study skills. B. Study with a partner. C. Others have perfected the art of avoidance. D. Go for a quick walk, talk with a friend or eat a snack. E. Some of your best thoughts come when you’re moving your body. F You can spend several hours studying and then review your progress. G. History students can go and check out one of the places mentioned in the book. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Roger Bannister, born in Harrow, London, early showed a talent for running. University education was beyond the ____21____ of his working-class parents, but he was ____22____ to secure a place at one of England’s top universities and pursue a career in ____23____. Luckily, owing to his academic efforts, Bannister was awarded a scholarship by Oxford University, where his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and ____24____ from the sports media. Surprisingly, he ____25____ to compete in the 1948 Olympics in London, preferring to focus on his ____26____ and his medical studies. By 1951, Bannister had won the British championship in the mile and felt ____27____ for Olympic competition. ____28____, a last-minute change in the schedule ____29____him to compete without resting between events and he finished just fourth in the 1500-meter race at the 1952 Olympics. To break the four-minute mile barrier, Bannister ____30____ 45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training. On May 6, 1954, at Oxford, his ____31____eventually paid off. At age 25, Bannister made history, crossing the finish line at 3: 59.4. When the announcer read out the time: “3…”, the rest was ____32____ by the cheering crowd. In the following famous “Mile of the Century” race, Bannister ____33____ Australian runner John Landy with a time of 3: 58.8 to Landy’s 3: 59. 6, both under four minutes. In 1955, Bannister’s autobiography, First Four Minutes, was published. Bannister’s ____34____ to academic medicine is equally remarkable, but his spirit of the four-minute mile is ____35____ to not only people of our era, but to before and after. 21. A. hope B. reach C. sight D. control 22. A. excited B. surprised C. satisfied D. determined 23. A. medicine B. biology C. history D. literature 24. A. support B. guidance C. permission D. recognition 25. A. decided B. planned C. declined D. promised 26. A. family B. training C. profession D. competition 27 A. cool B. proud C. ready D. afraid 28. A. Naturally B. Actually C. Obviously D. Unfortunately 29. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. encouraged 30. A. take in B. set aside C. carry away D. get through 31. A. interest B. effort C. courage D. attention 32. A. favored B. attracted C. drowned D. confirmed 33. A. defeated B. inspected C. overlooked D. approached 34. A. promise B. attitude C. contribution D. viewpoint 35. A. inspirational B. considerate C. aggressive D. controversial 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The year of 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei ____36____ (become) the first Chinese astronaut to go to space in 2003. Since then, another 19 astronauts ____37____ (reach) for the stars. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts soaring (高飞) to space. The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact ____38____ their bodies. The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. ____39____ (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability. So astronauts have to meet ____40____ (extreme) high standards and go through a tough training program. To make sure astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set. Apart from physical fitness training, it also contains ____41____ (base) scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions. ____42____ makes the training the most tiring is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts ____43____ (adapt) to the microgravity environment. Astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at ____44____ time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astronauts ____45____ (exhaust). Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的笔友李雷在2024年的高考中获得了优异的成绩，被自己的理想大学录取。请你用英语写一封信，向他表示祝贺。内容包括：1.祝贺高考成绩优异；2.肯定他的努力；3.期待交流。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80词左右； 2.适当添加细节。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’m smaller than everyone else my age. When I walk in the halls at school, I have to squeeze in between the bigger kids to get by. At the playground, sometimes even little kids try to boss me around. Mia, my best friend, is so tall that when she walks, I have to jog to keep up with her. I used to try to make myself taller whenever I could, but I was the same height every time. Frustrating! “Don’t worry,” Mum always said. “Being small has its advantages.” “Really? I could never notice any.” One day, Mrs. Alvarez announced to the class that we’d be putting on a spring play. I practiced all the lines. But at the audition, when I walked up to the stage, Mrs. Alvarez cried, “You’ll be perfect as the elf! You’re just the right size for the costume.” I never even got a chance to deliver the lines I’d practiced. Back home I grumbled (咕哝) to Mum that I had been made an elf. But she bet I would be the best elf. To please her, I went to rehearsals, though I only had two lines. Mia got the lead role — a girl wandering through a magical fairy forest in search of her lost dog. In the last scene, she finds a box under a giant mushroom, and when she opens it, her dog jumps out. Mrs. Alvarez’s dog, Prince, played the dog role. She brought him to all the rehearsals, and when he wasn’t onstage, we got to play with him, but he seemed to like me best. The night of the show, my first line came early. Since my only other line was toward the end, I waited offstage, playing with Prince. Finally, the grand end came, and Prince was brought onstage inside the box. But the box was found empty. Mrs. Alvarez said, “A burst of noise frightened him away. I see him under the stage!” 注意：1.续写词数应150字左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 “How can we get Prince out from beneath the stage?” Mrs. Alvarez asked. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Having no other ideas, Mrs. Alvarez nodded to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 BBACA 6-10 ACACB 11-15 BABAC 16-20 BCABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 山西大学附中 2024~2025学年第一学期高三年级开学考试 英语试题 满分：150分 时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. A beautiful lake. B. A skating experience. C. The man’s progress. 2. Where did this conversation take place? A. In a movie theater. B. In a fast food restaurant. C. In an Internet bar. 3 What record did the woman just break? A. Her personal record. B. The school record. C. The national record. 4. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Shopkeeper and customer. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 5. How will the speakers go to China? A. By ship. B. By plane. C. By taxi. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a railway station. B. At a terminal. C. At a travel agency. 7. What will the man do next? A. To have a seat reservation. B. To buy a ticket. C. To contact his company. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a party. B. Discussing a lecture. C. Working part-time at a hospital. 9. Which job has the woman applied for? A. Waitress. B. Volunteer. C. Salesgirl. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What date is it today probably? A. May 5. B. May 10. C. May 15. 12. What is the third energy source the speakers will possibly choose? A. Wind. B. Nuclear. C. Solar. 13. What does the man suggest doing? A. Giving some comments. B. Leaving out some details. C. Putting on some statistics. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a radio studio. B. In a lab. C. In a gym. 15. What did Charles do in the history exams? A. He thought of some images in the book. B. He associated the knowledge with classic songs. C. He recalled the contents by singing in his mind. 16. How many tips does Charles mention? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 17. What is the function of teaching others according to Charles? A. To get some tips from others. B. To build up your confidence before the exam. C. To strengthen your understanding of the content. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the Geocaching? A. A treasure hunt. B. A GPS device. C. A fitness coach. 19. What do we know about the boxes? A. They are controlled remotely. B. They contain varieties of goods. C. They are placed in the neighborhood. 20. How does Geocaching benefit the kids? A. It develops their social skills. B. It exposes them to traditions. C. It makes them willing to walk. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ESSAY CONTEST THEME “A Letter from Myself in 2030” GUIDELINES 1. Essays may be submitted by anyone up to 25 years old. 2. Essays must be 700 words or less. Essays should be typed or printed. 3. Entries may be submitted online or by postal mail. * IMPORTANT: To send your essay online, you must go to the organizer's website and follow the required steps. 4. Entries submitted by postal mail must include a cover page indicating: your name; age; gender; address; e-mail; phone number; school name (if applicable); essay title; word count. * A cover page template (模板) is available to download on the organizer's website. You may also create your own cover page with all items above. 5. Essays must be original and unpublished. 6. Essays must be written by one person. DEADLINE Entries must be received by June 15 this year. AWARDS 1st Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 1000 2nd Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 500 3rd Prize: Certificate + Gift * 1st prize winners will be invited to the award ceremony on November 20 this year and will receive the Minister of Education Award. (Travel expenses will be covered by the organizer.) * All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the organizer's website. Certificates and gifts will be mailed to the winners, on December 10 this year. 1. Which of the following entries will be considered? A. Co-authored ones. B. Handwritten ones. C. Those of less than 700 words. D. Those mailed without a cover page. 2. What will a 2nd prize winner get? A. A special gift. B. A certificate and $ 500. C. A ticket to the award ceremony. D. The Minister of Education Award. 3. When will the contest results be announced? A. On June 15. B. On October31. C. On November 20. D. On December 10. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一则广告。文章介绍作文比赛及其有关事宜。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据 GUIDELINES部分中的“Essays must be 700 words or less(论文字数不超过700字)”可知，参赛作品为700词或以下。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据 AWARDS部分中的“2nd Prize: Certificate +Prize of $500(二等奖：证书+奖金$500)”可知，获得第二名的参赛者将得到一张证书和500美元的奖金。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据 AWARDS部分中的“All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the organizers’ website(所有获奖者将于今年10月31日在主办单位的网站上公布)”可知，10月31日公布比赛结果。故选B。 B My first newsroom was in a grand building with tall arched windows that dominated a street corner in the small Midwestern city where I worked. Inside, there was a high ceiling. “Did this use to be a bank?” many visitors would ask. But it had, in fact, always been a newsroom. I was young and shy when I first went to work there, and it probably took me a month before I talked to any of the other reporters. But eventually, they became my best friends, the core of my social life My second newsroom was the airy top floor of a historic building in the state capital of Maryland. It was smaller and less grand but far more energizing. My colleagues were older. I learned so much about how to be a reporter from overhearing their phone interviews. This past summer, several American newspapers announced they would be closing their newsrooms. Many local newspapers have gone out of business in recent years, victims of declining circulation and shrinking advertising dollars. Then along came the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒疫情), and so many of us were sent home to work from there. The pleasant surprise is that we have all succeeded brilliantly in working remotely. But some managers have looked at this success and thought: “Why would we need to return to the newsroom?” I worry that they are making a big mistake. A physical newsroom sends a powerful message to a community: “We are here for you.” At my first job, strangers could walk right through the door and straight up my desk. We treasured that visibility. But I also think about the collaboration (合作)— of the times I would overhear colleagues talking about a story and realize that I had some useful information for them. Sometimes, a colleague would see me in the hall and give me a story idea. I can’t wait to get back to my newsroom. 4. How was the author’s first newsroom different from the second one? A. It sat in a big city. B. It used to be a bank. C It was visitor-friendly. D. It was in a grand building. 5. How did the author benefit from her second newsroom? A. She overcame her shyness. B. She made her best friends there. C. She could overhear others’ argument. D. She gained experience from her colleagues. 6. What does the underlined part “this success” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Journalists worked effectively at home. B. Newspaper circulation was increasing C. Newspaper advertising was profitable. D. Journalism survived the pandemic. 7. Why is the author against closing newsrooms? A. Newsrooms serve as a close tie. B. She will be out of work as a result. C. Newspapers will disappear due to it. D. It is against the will of communities. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在两个新闻编辑工作室作为一名新闻工作者的经历。在经受了新冠病毒后，编辑部也开始不景气，但她认为新闻编辑部不应该被关闭。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My first newsroom was in a grand building(我的第一个新闻编辑室建在一座宏伟的建筑里)”和第三段中的“It was smaller and less grand but far more energizing(它更小，更不宏伟，但更有活力)”可知，作者工作过的第一个新闻编辑部在一座宏伟的大楼内，第二个则要小一些。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题，根据第三段中的“My colleagues were older. I learned so much about how to be a reporter from overhearing their phone interviews(我的同事都比我年长。我从偷听他们的电话采访中学到了很多如何成为一名记者的知识)”可知，作者在第二个新闻编辑部里从同事身上学到了不少工作经验。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线部分前的“The pleasant surprise is that we have all succeeded brilliantly in working remotely(令人惊喜的是，我们都在远程工作方面取得了辉煌的成功)”可知，新冠疫情期间，大家在家工作，但是效果非常好。也正因如此。有人就认为没必要再回新闻编辑部工作了。所以this success指代的是“新闻编辑在家里工作效率很高”。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“But I also think about the collaboration—of the times I would overhear colleagues talking about a story and realize that I had some useful information for them. Sometimes, a colleague would see me in the hall and give me a story idea. I can't wait to get back to my newsroom.(但我也想到了合作，有一次我无意中听到同事们谈论一个故事，然后意识到我有一些有用的信息可以提供给他们。有时，一个同事会在大厅里看到我，给我一个故事构思。我都等不及要回我的编辑室了)”可知，作者在最后两段阐述了新闻编辑部存在的必要性，实体的新闻编辑部是联系社区与新闻工作者以及新闻工作者之间的纽带。正因为这样，作者认为关闭新闻编辑部是错误的想法。故选A。 C As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how. In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it. In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)” According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing. 8. The passage begins with two questions to ________. A. introduce the main topic B. show the author’s attitude C. describe how to use the Internet D. explain how to store information 9. What can we learn about the first experiment? A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer. B. The two groups remembered the information equally well. C. The first group did not try to remember the information. D. The second group did not understand the information. 10. In transactive memory, people ________. A. keep the information in mind B. change the quantity of information C. organize information like a computer D. remember how to find the information 11. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research? A. We are using memory differently. B. We are becoming more intelligent. C. We have poorer memories than before. D. We need a better way to access information. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是议论文。文章主要讲的是互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，人们这样做是否会丧失记忆事物的能力呢？专家怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆内容和方式。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.”专家们想知道，互联网是否正在改变我们的记忆，以及如何改变我们的记忆？这是本文的中心话题。因此推断，作者使用两个问句是为了引出要讨论的话题。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.”可知第一组没有试着记住信息。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called "transactive memory (交互记忆)"”可知，在交互记忆里，人们记得怎样找到信息。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知，互联网对人们的记忆产生的影响是它改变了我们使用记忆力的方式。 D Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. The cottages could be an example of the industry’s odd love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual — so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example, but Twitter’s designs lie on the extreme end. Other companies are using a broader interpretation of low technology that focuses on nature. Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire floor is carpeted in grass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path.     Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “We have lost the connections to the maker in our lives, and our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished (贫乏的), because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “They’re looking for a way to regain their individual identity, and we’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”     This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life,” Morris said.     Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.     These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environments. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office — even simple views of trees and flowers — felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. 12. Why did the writer mention the two nineteenth-century cottages? A. To show that Twitter is having a hard time. B. To show that old cottages are in need of protection. C. To show that early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana. D. To show that Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology. 13. Low technology is regarded as something that _____. A. is related to nature B. is out of date today C. consumes too much energy D. exists in the virtual world 14. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? A. Human beings have destroyed many pre-industrial arts. B. Human beings have a tradition of valuing arts and crafts. C. Human beings can become intelligent by learning history. D. Human beings can regain their individual identity by using machines. 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Past Glories, Future Dreams B. The Virtual World, the Real Challenge C. High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices D. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。本文讲述的是关于现代科技公司运用“大自然对人们创造力产生作用”的理念，积极创设原生态的办公环境。这里提到的低科技指的是工业化之前的建造技术，它更贴近自然。在自然的办公环境下，职员们不会感到有压力，对他们的健康是有好处的。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。第二段中的“Low technology is not virtual — so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example, but Twitter’s designs lie on the extreme end. Other companies are using a broader interpretation of low technology that focuses on nature.（低科技不是虚拟的——因此，为了利用它，互联网公司必须发挥创造力。这些在十九世纪末手工建造的被拯救的木屋就是一个明显的例子，但 Twitter 的设计却处于极端。其他公司正在使用更宽泛的低科技解释，专注于自然。）”以及最后一段“Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office --- even simple views of trees and flowers --- felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying（她的研究发现，在办公室里能接触大自然的员工——哪怕只是看到树木和鲜花——都会感到工作压力更小，更令人满意）”可知，作者给出两座十九世纪的小屋例子，表明互联网公司重新发现了低技术的好处。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。第二段中的“The cottages could be an example of the industry’s odd love affair with “low technology,” a concept associated with the natural world（“低技术”是一个与自然世界相关的概念）”第三中作者给出的例子“Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural park-like setting（在一个更自然、公园般的环境中工作和社交）”以及最后一段中“Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office --- even simple views of trees and flowers --- felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying（能够在办公室接触大自然的员工——哪怕只是看到树木和鲜花——都觉得自己的工作压力更小，更令人满意）”可以判断出，“低科技”跟大自然有关，即在一个天然的环境下，故选A。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。第五段中的“This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life,” Morris said. （这种以工艺为基础的理论根植于历史。英国艺术家兼作家威廉·莫里斯(William Morris)在工业革命刚刚结束的19世纪60年代，又回到了前工业时代的艺术。工艺美术运动反对机器。“没有创造性的人类职业，人们就会与生活脱节，”莫里斯说。）”。可知，人类有重视工艺美术的传统。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。这篇文章中作者告诉我们，现代的高科技公司需要有创造力，要充分的利用以前的低科技技术，创设更加原生态的办公环境。文中第三段与第四段举例，现代高科技的办公室运用“low technology”。且“low technology”是文章的中心词。故用C项“高科技公司、低科技办公室”作为题目是最合适的。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Make Studying More Fun The “S” word draws various responses from teenagers. Some students are eager to dive in and tackle the books. ____16____ Regardless of your attitude to studying, one thing is for sure — it has to be done. So why not look at how you can make the process more enjoyable? ·Try hands-on learning. Consider going on a field trip to experience the topic first-hand. For example, if you’re studying marine biology, you can take a trip to the aquarium (水族馆). ____17____ If it’s math you’re trying to make sense of, talk with a structural engineer about how they figure out the load of a structure. ·____18____ Getting together with a friend or a group of classmates can help you learn new study techniques while still getting a few laughs. Try having a debate about a topic you’re trying to learn. With a larger group, you can test each other’s knowledge by making quizzes and creating true or false mini-tests. ·Break it up. Plan scheduled study breaks every hour and take part in an activity you enjoy. ____19____ Before you take a break, write down what you have learned during your study time and add to this list each time you take a break. ·Leave the house. Study at your favorite coffee shop or bookstore. If the weather is nice, head to a park or the beach. If you’re a mover, hit the pavement for a run and listen to a podcast (播客) that covers the topic you’re studying, or grab a friend and quiz each other while you run. ____20____ A. Assess study skills. B. Study with a partner. C. Others have perfected the art of avoidance. D. Go for a quick walk, talk with a friend or eat a snack. E. Some of your best thoughts come when you’re moving your body. F. You can spend several hours studying and then review your progress. G. History students can go and check out one of the places mentioned in the book. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些让学习变得更有趣的方法，包括亲身体验学习内容、与他人一起学习、定时休息以及换个环境学习等技巧。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The “S” word draws various responses from teenagers. Some students are eager to dive in and tackle the books. (提到“学习”这个词会让青少年有不同的反应，有些学生渴望投入学习)”，与C项“Others have perfected the art of avoidance. (其他人则已经掌握了逃避的技巧)”形成了对比，说明不同学生对待学习的态度不一样，故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Consider going on a field trip to experience the topic first-hand. For example, if you’re studying marine biology, you can take a trip to the aquarium (水族馆).(考虑进行实地考察，亲身体验主题。例如，如果你正在学习海洋生物学，你可以组织一次去水族馆的旅行)”可知，作者建议通过实地考察来亲身体验所学主题，并以海洋生物学为例，提到了可以去水族馆。因此，空处需要另一个与实地考察相关的例子。选项G“History students can go and check out one of the places mentioned in the book. (历史系的学生可以去查看书中提到的一个地方)”提供了一个与历史学习相关的实地考察的例子，符合语境。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Getting together with a friend or a group of classmates can help you learn new study techniques while still getting a few laughs.(和朋友或一群同学聚在一起，可以帮助你学习新的学习方法，同时也能收获一些欢笑)”可知，与朋友或同学一起学习可以帮助你学习新的学习技巧，同时还能带来一些欢笑。因此，此处需要一个与“与他人一起学习”相关的主题句。选项B“Study with a partner. (与伙伴一起学习)”正好概括了这一部分内容，符合语境。故选B项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Plan scheduled study breaks every hour and take part in an activity you enjoy.(每小时计划学习休息，并参与你喜欢的活动).”可知，作者建议每小时规划一次学习休息时间，并参与自己喜欢的活动。因此，此处需要具体的活动建议。选项D“Go for a quick walk, talk with a friend or eat a snack. (去快速散步，与朋友交谈或吃零食)”介绍了具体的活动建议，符合语境。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“If you’re a mover, hit the pavement for a run and listen to a podcast (播客) that covers the topic you’re studying, or grab a friend and quiz each other while you run.(如果你是个爱动的人，可以边跑步边听一个与你正在学习的领域相关的播客，或者找个朋友一起跑，边跑边互相提问)”可知，如果你是一个喜欢运动的人，可以在跑步时听一个涵盖你所学主题的播客，或者找一个朋友一起在跑步时互相提问。因此，此处需要一个与运动和学习相关的总结句。选项E“Some of your best thoughts come when you’re moving your body. (当你在运动时，一些最好的想法就会涌现出来)”强调了运动对思维的积极影响，符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Roger Bannister, born in Harrow, London, early showed a talent for running. University education was beyond the ____21____ of his working-class parents, but he was ____22____ to secure a place at one of England’s top universities and pursue a career in ____23____. Luckily, owing to his academic efforts, Bannister was awarded a scholarship by Oxford University, where his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and ____24____ from the sports media. Surprisingly, he ____25____ to compete in the 1948 Olympics in London, preferring to focus on his ____26____ and his medical studies. By 1951, Bannister had won the British championship in the mile and felt ____27____ for Olympic competition. ____28____, a last-minute change in the schedule ____29____him to compete without resting between events and he finished just fourth in the 1500-meter race at the 1952 Olympics. To break the four-minute mile barrier, Bannister ____30____ 45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training. On May 6, 1954, at Oxford, his ____31____eventually paid off. At age 25, Bannister made history, crossing the finish line at 3: 59.4. When the announcer read out the time: “3…”, the rest was ____32____ by the cheering crowd. In the following famous “Mile of the Century” race, Bannister ____33____ Australian runner John Landy with a time of 3: 58.8 to Landy’s 3: 59. 6, both under four minutes. In 1955, Bannister’s autobiography, First Four Minutes, was published. Bannister’s ____34____ to academic medicine is equally remarkable, but his spirit of the four-minute mile is ____35____ to not only people of our era, but to before and after. 21. A. hope B. reach C. sight D. control 22 A. excited B. surprised C. satisfied D. determined 23. A. medicine B. biology C. history D. literature 24. A. support B. guidance C. permission D. recognition 25. A. decided B. planned C. declined D. promised 26. A. family B. training C. profession D. competition 27. A. cool B. proud C. ready D. afraid 28. A. Naturally B. Actually C. Obviously D. Unfortunately 29. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. encouraged 30. A. take in B. set aside C. carry away D. get through 31. A. interest B. effort C. courage D. attention 32. A. favored B. attracted C. drowned D. confirmed 33. A. defeated B. inspected C. overlooked D. approached 34. A. promise B. attitude C. contribution D. viewpoint 35. A. inspirational B. considerate C. aggressive D. controversial 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Roger Bannister凭借自身的努力，从事了医学事业，并且在赛跑领域也取得了非凡的成就。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. hope希望；B. reach到达；C. sight视力；D. control控制。根据后文“of his working-class parents”可知，他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，beyond the reach of表示“超出……的控制范围”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. excited激动的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. satisfied满足的；D. determined坚定的。根据后文“to secure a place at one of England’s top universities”以及上文but表示转折，可知，他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. medicine药物；B. biology生物学；C. history历史；D. literature文学。根据后文“and his medical studies”可知，他想从事医学事业。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，由于他在学术上的努力，班尼斯特获得了牛津大学的奖学金，在那里，他在跑道上的非凡速度很快为他赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。A. support支持；B. guidance指导；C. permission允许；D. recognition识别，认可。根据上文“his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and”可知，班尼斯特的出色表现赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，更愿意专注于训练和医学研究。A. decided决定；B. planned计划；C. declined拒绝；D. promised承诺。根据后文“preferring to focus on his”可知，他更愿意专注于训练和医学研究，拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，更愿意专注于训练和医学研究。A. family家庭；B. training训练；C. profession专业；D. competition比赛。根据上文“to compete in the 1948 Olympics”可知，他不想去参加比赛，说明想更专注于训练。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到1951年，班尼斯特赢得了英国一英里赛跑的冠军，并为参加奥运会做好了准备。A. cool凉爽的；B. proud骄傲的；C. ready准备好的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文“Bannister had won the British championship in the mile”可知，班尼斯特赢得了英国一英里赛跑的冠军，并为参加奥运会做好了准备。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在最后一刻，赛程的改变迫使他在比赛中没有休息，他在1952年奥运会的1500米比赛中仅获得第四名。A. Naturally自然地；B. Actually实际上；C. Obviously显然；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“he finished just fourth”可知，只获得了第四名，是不幸的事情。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在最后一刻，赛程的改变迫使他在比赛中没有休息，他在1952年奥运会的1500米比赛中仅获得第四名。A. forced迫使；B. allowed允许；C. expected期待；D. encouraged鼓励。根据上文“a last-minute change in the schedule”可知，没有休息是因为赛程的改变迫使的。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了打破4分钟跑完一英里的障碍，班尼斯特每天从全日制医学学习中抽出45分钟进行训练。A. take in理解；B. set aside留出；C. carry away夺走；D. get through完成。根据后文“45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training”指他留出45分钟进行训练。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，在牛津大学，他的努力终于得到了回报。A. interest兴趣；B. effort努力；C. courage勇气；D. attention注意力。根据后文“At age 25, Bannister made history, crossing the finish line at 3: 59.4.(25岁时，班尼斯特以3分59秒4的成绩冲过终点线，创造了历史)”指他的努力终于得到了回报。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当报幕员读出时间：“3……”时，其余的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。A. favored帮助；B. attracted吸引；C. drowned淹没，溺水；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“by the cheering crowd”指报幕员的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来著名的“世纪一英里”比赛中，班尼斯特以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手约翰·兰迪，后者的成绩是3分59秒6，两人都不到4分钟。A. defeated击败；B. inspected检查；C. overlooked忽视；D. approached靠近。根据后文“of 3: 58.8 to Landy’s 3: 59.6”可知，班尼斯特以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手约翰·兰迪，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，但他的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。A. promise承诺；B. attitude态度；C. contribution贡献；D. viewpoint观点。根据后文“to academic medicine is equally remarkable”指班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，但他的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。A. inspirational启发灵感的；B. considerate体贴的；C. aggressive好斗的；D. controversial有争议的。根据后文“to not only people of our era, but to before and after”指班尼斯特的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The year of 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei ____36____ (become) the first Chinese astronaut to go to space in 2003. Since then, another 19 astronauts ____37____ (reach) for the stars. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts soaring (高飞) to space. The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact ____38____ their bodies. The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. ____39____ (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability. So astronauts have to meet ____40____ (extreme) high standards and go through a tough training program. To make sure astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set. Apart from physical fitness training, it also contains ____41____ (base) scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions. ____42____ makes the training the most tiring is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts ____43____ (adapt) to the microgravity environment. Astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at ____44____ time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astronauts ____45____ (exhaust). Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space. 【答案】36. becoming 37. have reached 38. on##upon 39. Emergencies 40. extremely 41. basic 42. What 43. to adapt 44. a 45. exhausted 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在进入太空之前必须经历的艰苦训练。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年是中国首次载人航天飞行20周年，杨利伟于2003年成为首位进入太空的中国宇航员。这里为“with+宾语+宾补”的with复合结构。宾语Yang Liwei和 become“成为”之间存在主谓关系，所以用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填 becoming。 【37题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，又有19名宇航员为星星到达了。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语since then可知，reach“到达”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时。主语another 19 astronauts 为复数形式，助动词用 have。故填 have reached。 【38题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：重力的变化会对他们的身体产生影响。have an impact on/ upon“对……产生影响”，为固定短语。故填on或upon。 【39题详解】 考查名词数。句意：突发事件挑战他们的知识和能力。emergency意为“紧急情况，突发事件”，为可数名词。根据谓语动词challenge可知，此处应用emergency的复数形式，作主语。 故填Emergencies。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：所以宇航员必须达到极高的标准，并经过严格的训练项目。此空修饰形容词high，应用副词形式extremely“及其地”，作状语。故填extremely。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了体能训练，它还包括基础科学理论、心理健康和模拟任务。分析句子结构可知，空处用形容词basic“基本的”，作定语，修饰scientific theories。故填basic。 【42题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：让训练最累的是水下训练。分析句子结构可知，本空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项训练是为宇航员适应微重力环境而设计的。adapt to“适应”。本句谓语为is designed，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填to adapt。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：宇航员穿着重达100多公斤的宇航服，一次在水下停留6个小时。at a time“一次”，为固定短语。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：水的阻力和沉重的宇航服使宇航员筋疲力尽。本空用形容词exhausted“筋疲力尽的”，作宾语补足语。故填exhausted。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的笔友李雷在2024年的高考中获得了优异的成绩，被自己的理想大学录取。请你用英语写一封信，向他表示祝贺。内容包括：1.祝贺高考成绩优异；2.肯定他的努力；3.期待交流。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80词左右； 2.适当添加细节。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Li Lei, Learning that you have been admitted to your dream university due to your excellent academic performance in Gao Kao, I am writing to convey my sincere congratulations to you. It came as no surprise that you stood out in the big exam. Not only have you devoted most of your time to your studies, but you have dived into various activities to build up all kinds of skills. Additionally, your selfless help wins you recognition and trust from both your teachers and classmates. You set me a good example. I am wondering if you could offer me some advice on time management in school. Congratulations again! Wait for you to share your experience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的笔友李雷在2024年的高考中获得了优异的成绩，被自己的理想大学录取。要求考生用英语写一封信，向他表示祝贺。 【详解】1.词汇积累 出色的：excellent→outstanding 表达：convey→extend 因为：due to→because of 此外：additionally→besides 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：You set me a good example. I am wondering if you could offer me some advice on time management in school. 拓展句：Since you set me a good example, could you offer me some advice on time management in school? 【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that you have been admitted to your dream university due to your excellent academic performance in Gao Kao, I am writing to convey my sincere congratulations to you. (运用了that引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Not only have you devoted most of your time to your studies, but you have dived into various activities to build up all kinds of skills. (运用了倒装句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’m smaller than everyone else my age. When I walk in the halls at school, I have to squeeze in between the bigger kids to get by. At the playground, sometimes even little kids try to boss me around. Mia, my best friend, is so tall that when she walks, I have to jog to keep up with her. I used to try to make myself taller whenever I could, but I was the same height every time. Frustrating! “Don’t worry,” Mum always said. “Being small has its advantages.” “Really? I could never notice any.” One day, Mrs. Alvarez announced to the class that we’d be putting on a spring play. I practiced all the lines. But at the audition, when I walked up to the stage, Mrs. Alvarez cried, “You’ll be perfect as the elf! You’re just the right size for the costume.” I never even got a chance to deliver the lines I’d practiced. Back home I grumbled (咕哝) to Mum that I had been made an elf. But she bet I would be the best elf. To please her, I went to rehearsals, though I only had two lines. Mia got the lead role — a girl wandering through a magical fairy forest in search of her lost dog. In the last scene, she finds a box under a giant mushroom, and when she opens it, her dog jumps out. Mrs. Alvarez’s dog, Prince, played the dog role. She brought him to all the rehearsals, and when he wasn’t onstage, we got to play with him, but he seemed to like me best. The night of the show, my first line came early. Since my only other line was toward the end, I waited offstage, playing with Prince. Finally, the grand end came, and Prince was brought onstage inside the box. But the box was found empty. Mrs. Alvarez said, “A burst of noise frightened him away. I see him under the stage!” 注意：1.续写词数应为150字左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 “How can we get Prince out from beneath the stage?” Mrs. Alvarez asked. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Having no other ideas, Mrs. Alvarez nodded to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“How can we get Prince out from beneath the stage?” Mrs. Alvarez asked. Meanwhile, the audience began to whisper and someone even stretched their necks. Mrs. Alvarez and some girls tried to call Prince’s name, but there was no response. Worried about my little friend and our performance, I visually measured the room under the stage and thought of my size. “Maybe I can get him out. I’m small enough.” My words suddenly cut through the constant calling of “Prince”. Having no other ideas, Mrs. Alvarez nodded to me. So I crawled inch by inch until I found Prince curled up like a ball. I raised my hand, saying, “It s me, Prince. Come here.” Luckily, Prince recognized me and nuzzled my fingers. When we came out, I knew it was time to say my last line, “Yes, I am the small elf who can bring good luck!” With thunderous applause hovering over the hall, I saw Mum in the audience, my eyes beaming with joy. She winked at me as if to say, “Look, being small has its advantage, right?” 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者身材矮小，在学校常被忽视，在参与春季戏剧表演时被安排演小精灵，而在表演时狗演员Prince躲到了舞台下，故事在此处留下悬念。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句““我们怎样才能把Prince从舞台下面弄出来？”阿尔瓦雷斯太太问道。”可知，第一段应描述大家对于如何让Prince从舞台下出来的焦急和困惑，以及作者提出自己因身材矮小可以尝试的想法。 ②由第二段首句“阿尔瓦雷斯夫人没有别的主意，于是向我点了点头。”可知，第二段应描述作者成功将 Prince带出来，完成表演，并得到大家的认可。 2.续写线索：众人焦急——作者提议——老师同意——作者行动——成功带出——完成表演——获得掌声 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①蜷缩：curl up / huddle up ②轻推：nuzzle / push gently ③眨眼：wink / blink 情绪类 ①焦急：anxious / worried ②幸运地：luckily / fortunately ③高兴：beaming with joy / be full of happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1] Worried about my little friend and our performance, I visually measured the room under the stage and thought of my size.（使用了过去分词作状语） [高分句型2] With thunderous applause hovering over the hall, I saw Mum in the audience, my eyes beaming with joy. （使用了with复合结构） 听力答案：1-5 BBACA 6-10 ACACB 11-15 BABAC 16-20 BCABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$