2024年英语中考定语从句重难点&专项练习

中考定语从句重难点&专项练习 中考定语从句的重难点主要包括以下几个方面： 1.关系代词和关系副词的选择 关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。 关系副词（when, where, why）在从句中充当状语。 选择的关键在于分析先行词在从句中的成分。例如，先行词在从句中作主语、宾语时，用关系代词；作状语时，用关系副词。 2.先行词的判断 准确找出先行词是正确使用定语从句的前提。先行词可能是一个单词，也可能是一个短语甚至一个句子。 3.关系代词的特殊用法 （1）只用 that 不用 which 的情况： （先行词是不定代词、被最高级或序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物等。 （2）只用 which 不用 that 的情况：在非限制性定语从句中。 4.主谓一致 在 “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中，从句谓语动词用复数；在 “the only one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中，从句谓语动词用单数。 与其他从句的区分 尤其是与宾语从句、状语从句等的区分，要根据句子结构和逻辑意义来判断。 5.介词 + 关系代词 要注意介词的选择，通常根据与先行词的搭配或者从句中的动词、形容词搭配来确定。 6.非限制性定语从句 其特点是与先行词关系不十分紧密，对先行词起补充说明作用，逗号隔开，不能用 that 引导。 7.复杂句式中的定语从句 当句子结构较为复杂，包含多个从句时，准确识别和理解定语从句会有一定难度。 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的用法常见误区 1.混淆关系代词和关系副词的功能 错误地认为只要先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词，就一定用关系副词。例如，先行词是 “time”“place”“reason”，但在从句中充当主语或宾语时，应该用关系代词。 错误示例：I still remember the days when we spent together. （应将 “when” 改为 “that/which”，因为 “spent” 缺宾语。） 2.对 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构理解不准确 没有根据先行词或从句中的动词、形容词来正确选择介词。 错误示例：The house of which the windows are broken needs repairing. （应根据 “the windows of the house” 将 “of which” 改为 “whose”。） 3.忽略关系代词在从句中的成分 没有分析清楚先行词在从句中所充当的成分，导致关系代词使用错误。 错误示例：This is the place where we visited last year. （应将 “where” 改为 “that/which”，因为先行词 “place” 在从句中作宾语。） 4.不明确关系代词的特殊用法 比如在一些特定情况下只能用 that 或 which，却用错了。 错误示例：Is there anything which you want to say? （此句先行词是 “anything”，应将 “which” 改为 “that”。） 5.对非限制性定语从句中关系词的使用规则不清楚 例如在非限制性定语从句中用了 that ，或者忽略了逗号的作用。 错误示例：His father, that is over sixty, still works hard. （应将 “that” 改为 “who”。） 6.没有考虑句子的逻辑意义 仅仅根据语法形式选择关系词，而忽略了句子的实际逻辑含义。 错误示例：The reason why he was late was because he got up late. （应去掉 “because”，“The reason why... was that...” 是固定句式。） 定语从句练习题 定语从句的练习题： 一、选择题 1.The man ______ is talking to our teacher is Betty's father. A. which B. whom C. who D. what 2.I like the book ______ you bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. whose D. where 3.This is the room ______ I lived in last year. A. which B. where C. who D. whose 4.The girl ______ we saw yesterday is Tom's sister. A. which B. whose C. who D. whom 5.The doctor ______ you are looking for is in the room. A. which B. whom C. whose D. where 6.This is the best film ______ I have ever seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 7.I still remember the days ______ we spent together. A. which B. when C. where D. whose 8.The man ______ hair is white is my grandfather. A. which B. whose C. who D. whom 9.This is the school ______ I studied three years ago. A. which B. where C. that D. when 10.The reason ______ he was late was that he got up late. A. which B. why C. that D. when 二、用适当的关系词填空 1.The boy ______ is playing football is my classmate. 2.The book ______ I bought yesterday is very interesting. 3.This is the house ______ Lu Xun once lived. 4.The woman ______ you saw just now is my aunt. 5.Do you know the man ______ is talking to our teacher? 6.I'll never forget the day ______ I met you. 7.The place ______ we visited last week is very beautiful. 8.This is the best film ______ I have ever seen. 9.The man ______ car was stolen called the police. 10.She has a friend ______ father is a doctor. 三、将下列两个句子合并为一个定语从句 1.The woman is a teacher. She is standing over there. 2.The book is very interesting. I bought it yesterday. 3.The boy is my brother. He is playing computer games. 4.The man is my father. He is talking with my teacher. 5.The dress is very nice. She bought it last week. 答案 一、选择题 1.C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B 二、用适当的关系词填空 1.who/that 2.which/that 3.where 4.whom/that 5.who/that 6.when 7.which/that 8.that 9.whose 10.whose 三、将下列两个句子合并为一个定语从句 1.The woman who/that is standing over there is a teacher. 2.The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting. 3.The boy who/that is playing computer games is my brother. 4.The man who/that is talking with my teacher is my father. 5.The dress which/that she bought last week is very nice. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$