专题 S-12【简语法-单句语法填空专练】句子成分&句型结构 高考复习 最新练习题汇编（全国通用）

[句子成分&句型结构] 1、 高考涉及点： 1. 语法填空题： · 要求考生根据上下文和语法规则，填写适当的单词来完善句子结构。这可能涉及到主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等成分的理解和运用，以及各种句型的正确形式，如强调句、倒装句等。 · 例如：It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house （that） we saw Lily in the passenger seat. （考查强调句结构） 2. 阅读理解题： · 虽然不是直接考查语法知识，但理解复杂的长难句对于正确理解文章至关重要。准确分析句子成分和句型结构有助于把握句子的含义。 · 例如：The fact that he failed the exam, which was unexpected, made him very disappointed. （理解这个复合句的结构能帮助理解整个句子的意思） 3. 书面表达题： · 考生需要运用正确、丰富的句型结构和准确的句子成分来表达自己的观点，使作文语言更地道、流畅。 · 比如：Not only should we study hard, but also we need to take part in various activities. （使用了 not only...but also...的倒装结构） 4. 总之，句子成分和句型结构的知识贯穿于高考英语的各个题型中，对考生的英语综合能力有着重要的影响。 2、 温馨提醒： · 系统梳理语法：借助语法教材和课程，全面掌握句子成分和常见句型结构的知识。 · 研究高考真题：剖析历年真题中相关题目，总结命题规律和自身薄弱点，强化练习。 · 诵读背诵范文：阅读并背诵优秀范文，培养语感，积累正确的句子表达。 · 强化专项练习：进行划分句子成分、句型转换、仿写等专项训练，提升运用能力。 · 积极写作交流：定期写作并请老师同学批改，参加学习小组或请教老师，日常多积累。 练习题：单句语法填空(5年真题+3年模拟) ( 4 )高考复习*语法专练 5年真题-1：判断下列划线部分语块的成分 1. （2024•全国甲卷）It's well known that Chinese people attach great importance to labour. ___________________________________________ 2. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷应用文）Some students might have advanced speaking skills while others may struggle with basic conversation. ___________________________________________ 3. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷应用文）In my opinion, it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class. ___________________________________________ 4. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）Learning to knit helped me develop my creativity and problemsolving skills. ___________________________________________ 5. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）Moreover, I have gained a sense of achievement by creating beauty with my needles and threads. ___________________________________________ 6. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）Last summer, I learnt the new skill of traditional Chinese painting. ___________________________________________ 7. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）This summer was significant to me as I had the opportunity to learn Suzhou embroidery. ___________________________________________ 8. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写）I expressed my sincerest gratitude to the teacher. ___________________________________________ 9. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）As an enthusiast of Chinese painting, I decided to take an interest class to learn the basics. ___________________________________________ 10. （2023•浙江 1 月卷读后续写）With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. ___________________________________________ 11. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写）That was when I fell in love with writing. ___________________________________________ 12. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷应用文）I'm very enthusiastic about our English speaking programme. ___________________________________________ 13. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）Overall, it was a wonderful experience that I will always remember. ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 14. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷应用文）A better way might be to have students practice with partners who have similar English proficiency and learning needs. ___________________________________________ 15. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）Recently I learnt how to knit by taking a knitting class. ___________________________________________ 16. （2023•全国乙卷书面表达）Nowadays, many of Lu Xun's works are still included in Chinese textbooks, inspiring us students to strive for a better future. ___________________________________________ 17. （2023•新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写）My teacher wanted me to enjoy success and glory alone while he chose to support me in silence. ___________________________________________ 18. （2023•浙江 1 月卷应用文）To let us get to know the plants around us, our school organized a fruit picking activity on a farm last weekend. ___________________________________________ 19. （2022•全国甲卷书面表达）Seafood is a part of people's daily diet. ___________________________________________ 20. （2022•新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写）Another 15 minutes passed, yet David was still not in sight. ___________________________________________ 5年真题-2：分析下列语句句型结构 21. （2022•全国乙卷书面表达）According to a survey, most students interviewed choose to listen to English songs. ___________________________________________ 22. （2022•全国甲卷书面表达）When we go to the beach, don't throw rubbish, especially plastics, into the sea. ___________________________________________ 23. （2022•全国甲卷满分作文）In addition, we should call on people around us to take action, too. ___________________________________________ 24. （2022•新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写）After a temporary hesitation, David nodded in agreement. ___________________________________________ 25. （2022•新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写）Silently, he just stared at the other participants who were warming up without saying anything. ___________________________________________ 26. （2022•浙江 1 月卷读后续写）One day I got word that he was admitted to the hospital for a serious disease. ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 27. （2022•全国乙卷满分作文）Students can choose what they like to enrich their Englishlearning experiences. ___________________________________________ 28. （2022•全国乙卷满分作文）The most popular approach is listening to English songs. ___________________________________________ 29. （2021•全国乙卷满分作文）First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizons. ___________________________________________ 30. （2021•新高考Ⅰ卷满分作文）I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future. ___________________________________________ 5年真题-3：结合汉语意思，补全或翻译语句 31. （2021•全国乙卷）Ecotourism _______________________ low impact travel to undisturbed places. 生态旅游通常被认为是前往未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。 32. （2021•浙江 1 月卷）Then mom told me that she had just filmed me ___________________ out of the pumpkin. 然后妈妈告诉我，她刚刚拍摄到我设法将头从南瓜中拉出来。 33. （2021•全国甲卷满分作文）Because this activity will be presented on the English website, I sincerely want you _______________________. 因为这个活动将在英文网站上展示，所以我真诚地希望你能给我一些建议。 34. （2021•全国甲卷满分作文）Word came that ________________________ a class meeting whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs. 有消息传来，我们学校将举行一个主题与中国传统习俗有关的班会。 35. （2021•新高考Ⅰ卷）________________________________________________________________________________. 我买了一把完全成熟的小草莓和一个小甜瓜。 36. （2021•全国甲卷）Their answers also show ________________________________________. 他们的回答也表明他们不喜欢与他人交谈。 37. （2021•全国乙卷）___________________________________________________________________________________. 我的目标是让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国。 38. （2022•天津卷1月满分作文）___________________________________________________________________________________. 我们衷心祝愿你早日康复并早日回到中国。 39. （2021•北京卷）We'll try our best to _____________________________________________________________. 我们将尽力使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。 40. （2020•新课标II卷）_____________________________________________________________________________. 简在破晓时分起床，又饿又渴。 3年模拟-1：判断下列划线部分语块的成分 1. [2024 广西桂林高三模拟 阅读理解] The book which I bought at the bookstore located in the center of the city yesterday and which is about the history of ancient civilizations is very interesting and informative. ___________________________________________ 2. [2023 云南昆明高三模拟 书面表达] It is not only necessary but also essential that we should form a good habit of reading regularly and widely to enhance our knowledge and broaden our horizons. ___________________________________________3. [2022 贵州贵阳高三统考 满分作文] The astonishing news that he won the first prize in the national competition, which was highly competitive and attracted numerous outstanding participants, made us extremely happy and proud. ___________________________________________4. [2024 内蒙古呼和浩特高三模拟 阅读理解] The girl whose father is a renowned doctor specializing in cardiothoracic surgery and who often works late into the night studies incredibly hard and aims to follow in her father's footsteps. ___________________________________________5. [2023 新疆乌鲁木齐高三模拟 语法填空] The house where I lived with my grandparents for a considerable period of time when I was a child and which holds many precious memories has been demolished to make way for a new shopping complex. ___________________________________________6. [2022 黑龙江哈尔滨高三模拟 书面表达] Only by making consistent efforts, maintaining a positive attitude, and seeking effective learning methods in this highly competitive environment can we hope to achieve excellent results and fulfill our dreams. ___________________________________________7. [2024 吉林长春高三模拟 阅读理解] The primary reason why she was late for school, despite her usual punctuality, is that she missed the bus due to an unexpected traffic jam on the main road. ___________________________________________8. [2023 甘肃兰州高三模拟 满分作文] It is of paramount importance for us to master English well, not only to communicate effectively with people from different countries but also to access the vast amount of knowledge and information available in the globalized world. ___________________________________________9. [2022 宁夏银川高三统考 完形填空] There are a large number of people who are patiently waiting for the bus at the bus stop, despite the bad weather and the delay of the expected arrival time. ___________________________________________10. [2024 青海西宁重点中学质检 书面表达] The man whom I met by chance at the library last week and who turned out to be an accomplished scholar is actually my long-lost friend. ___________________________________________11. [2022 河北石家庄高三模拟 阅读理解] The factory which was established with significant investment and state-of-the-art technology last year and which focuses on the production of environmentally friendly products produces a considerable quantity of high-quality cars every month. ___________________________________________12. [2022 海南海口高三模拟 阅读理解] It is widely known to all, especially those who are interested in astronomy, that the earth moves around the sun in an elliptical orbit at a considerable speed. ___________________________________________13. [2024 山东滨州高三模拟 书面表达] The woman whose son is a brave soldier serving in a remote and dangerous area and who rarely has the chance to come home is filled with both pride and concern. ___________________________________________14. [2023合肥重点中学质检 语法填空] The memorable day when we went to the beautiful park filled with colorful flowers and lush trees was a sunny and pleasant one that left a deep impression on our hearts. ___________________________________________15. [2022贵州贵阳高三统考 听力理解] There is a thick book on the wooden desk which is placed beside the window and which belongs to me and contains a wealth of knowledge and fascinating stories. ___________________________________________ 3年模拟-2：分析下列语句句型结构 1. [2024 广东深圳高三模拟 阅读理解] After a long day of hard work, she finally lay down on the comfortable sofa, feeling exhausted. ___________________________________________ 2. [2023 江苏南京高三联考 书面表达] The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting and educational. ___________________________________________ 3. [2022 四川成都高三质检 语法填空] When he came back from work, he found the room was in a mess. ___________________________________________ 4. [2024 福建福州高三模拟 满分作文] Not only should we study hard, but also we need to take part in various activities to improve ourselves. ___________________________________________ 5. [2023 河北石家庄高三统考 满分作文] There are many people think that mobile phones are useful. ___________________________________________ 6. [2022 山东青岛高三模拟 书面表达] With the development of technology, our lives have become more and more convenient. ___________________________________________ 7. [2024 浙江宁波高三调研 语法填空] The reason why he was late was that he got up late. 8. [2023 河南郑州高三模拟 阅读理解] Standing at the top of the mountain, he could see the beautiful scenery far away. ___________________________________________ 9. [2022 辽宁沈阳高三质检 满分作文] I'm very glad to hear from you and know how you are getting along recently. ___________________________________________ 10. [2024 北京海淀高三月考 书面表达] Although it was raining heavily, they still went on working in the field. ___________________________________________ 3年模拟-3：结合汉语意思补全语句 1. [2024 江苏南京高三模拟 阅读理解] The team, led by Professor Smith, _______________________in the research on artificial intelligence. 由史密斯教授带领的团队在人工智能的研究方面已经取得了重大进展。 2. [2023 广东深圳高三模拟 书面表达] _______________________ was that the volunteers worked very hard to help those in need. 给我印象最深的是志愿者们非常努力地帮助那些有需要的人。 3. [2022 四川成都高三统考 满分作文] There is no doubt that we should take effective measures _______________________________________. 毫无疑问，我们应该采取有效措施来保护环境。 4. [2024 福建福州重点中学质检 听力理解] It is reported that a new _________________________ in the city center next year. 据报道，明年市中心将建一个新的购物中心。 5. [2023 河北石家庄高三统考 语法填空] The reason ___________________ was that he missed the early bus. 他迟到的原因是他没赶上早班车。 6. [2024 山东青岛高三模拟 书面表达] Not only _____________________________________, but also they guide us to grow up healthily. 他们不仅给我们提供知识，而且还引导我们健康成长。 7. [2023 辽宁大连高三模拟 满分作文] What matters most is not ___________________________ but how hard you have tried. 最重要的不是你取得了多少成就，而是你有多努力。 8. [2022 北京海淀高三统考 满分作文] It is believed that reading widely _______________________________and enrich our minds. 人们相信广泛阅读可以开阔我们的视野并丰富我们的思想。 9. [2024 河南郑州重点中学质检 听力理解] The fact that he failed the exam __________________________________________. 他考试不及格这一事实让他非常失望。 10. [2023 安徽合肥高三模拟 语法填空] The man __________________________ is my English teacher, who is very strict with us. 站在那边的那个人是我的英语老师，他对我们非常严格。 3年模拟-4：翻译语句。 1. [2022 上海徐汇高三模拟 书面表达] _____________________________________________________________________________________.随着科学技术的发展，我们的生活变得更加便利了。 2. [2024 重庆万州高三模拟 满分作文] _____________________________________________________________________________________.问题在于我们如何能在短时间内提高学习效率。 3. [2023 江西南昌高三模拟 满分作文] _____________________________________________________________________________________.很明显，他在学习上已经取得了很大的进步。 4. [2022 天津和平高三统考 书面表达] _____________________________________________________________________________________.有可能他今晚会来参加聚会。 5. [2024 陕西西安重点中学质检 满分作文] _____________________________________________________________________________________.我想强调的是我们应该采取行动来保护我们的环境。 答案及解析： 5年真题-1：判断下列划线部分语块的成分 1. It（形式主语）'s（系动词） well known（表语） that Chinese people attach great importance to labour（真正主语）. 2. Some students（主语） might have（谓语） advanced speaking skills（宾语） while others（主语） may struggle（谓语） with basic conversation（状语）. 3. In my opinion（插入语）, it（形式主语）'s（系动词） not a good idea（表语） to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class（真正主语）. 4. Learning to knit（主语） helped（谓语） me（间接宾语） develop my creativity and problem¬solving skills（直接宾语）. 5. Moreover（连接词）, I（主语） have gained（谓语） a sense of achievement（宾语） by creating beauty with my needles and threads（方式状语）. 6. Last summer（时间状语）, I（主语） learnt（谓语） the new skill of traditional Chinese painting（宾语）. 7. This summer（主语） was（系动词） significant（表语） to me（状语） as I had the opportunity to learn Suzhou embroidery（原因状语从句）. 8. I（主语） expressed（谓语） my sincerest gratitude（宾语） to the teacher（对象状语）. 9. As an enthusiast of Chinese painting（状语）, I（主语） decided（谓语） to take an interest class to learn the basics（宾语）. 10. With the bird in my cupped hand（状语）, I（主语） looked around（谓语） to see how she had gotten in（目的状语）. 11. That（主语） was（系动词） when I fell in love with writing（表语从句）. 12. I（主语）'m（系动词） very enthusiastic（表语） about our English speaking programme（状语）. 13. Overall（状语）, it（形式主语） was（系动词） a wonderful experience（表语） that I will always remember（定语从句）. 14. A better way（主语） might be（系动词） to have students practice with partners who have similar English proficiency and learning needs（表语）. 15. Recently（时间状语）, I（主语） learnt（谓语） how to knit（宾语） by taking a knitting class（方式状语）. 16. Nowadays（时间状语）, many of Lu Xun's works（主语） are still included（谓语） in Chinese textbooks（状语）, inspiring us students to strive for a better future（结果状语）. 17. My teacher（主语） wanted（谓语） me（宾语） to enjoy success and glory alone while he chose to support me in silence（时间状语从句）. 18. To let us get to know the plants around us（目的状语）, our school（主语） organized（谓语） a fruit picking activity（宾语） on a farm last weekend（时间状语和地点状语）. 19. Seafood（主语） is（系动词） a part（表语） of people's daily diet（定语）. 20. Another 15 minutes（主语） passed（谓语）, yet David was still not in sight（并列句）. 5年真题-2：分析下列语句句型结构 21. 句型结构：主谓宾 According to a survey（状语）, most students interviewed（主语） choose（谓语） to listen to English songs（宾语）. 22. 句型结构：祈使句-（主）谓宾 When we go to the beach（时间状语从句）, don't throw（谓语） rubbish（宾语）, especially plastics（同位语）, into the sea（地点状语）. 23. 句型结构：主谓宾 In addition（状语）, we（主语） should call on（谓语） people around us（宾语） to take action（宾语补足语）, too（状语）. 24. 句型结构：主谓 After a temporary hesitation（时间状语）, David（主语） nodded（谓语） in agreement（状语）. 25. 句型结构：主谓宾 Silently（状语）, he（主语） just stared at（谓语） the other participants（宾语） who were warming up（定语从句） without saying anything（方式状语）. 26. 句型结构：主谓宾 One day（时间状语） I（主语） got（谓语） word（宾语） that he was admitted to the hospital for a serious disease（同位语从句）. 27. 句型结构：主谓宾 Students（主语） can choose（谓语） what they like（宾语从句） to enrich their English¬learning experiences（目的状语）. 28. 句型结构：主系表 The most popular approach（主语） is（系动词） listening to English songs（表语）. 29. 句型结构：主谓宾 First of all（状语）, as smart online learners（状语）, we（主语） can make full use of（谓语） the most extensive educational resources（宾语） to broaden the horizons（目的状语）. 30. 句型结构：主谓宾 I（主语） do expect（谓语） Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future（宾语从句）. 5年真题-3：结合汉语意思，补全或翻译语句。 31. is usually regarded as 32. managing to pull my head 33. to give me some advice 34. our school will hold 35. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a small melon. 36. that they dislike communicating with others 37. My aim is to bring China to the world and let the world know China. 38. We sincerely wish you a speedy recovery and an early return to China. 39. make our country more and more beautiful 40. Jane got up at dawn, hungry and thirsty. 3年模拟-1：判断下列划线部分语块的成分 1. The book（主语） which I bought at the bookstore located in the center of the city yesterday and which is about the history of ancient civilizations（定语从句） is（系动词） very interesting and informative（表语）. 2. It（形式主语） is（系动词） not only necessary but also essential（表语） that we should form a good habit of reading regularly and widely to enhance our knowledge and broaden our horizons（真正主语）. 3. The astonishing news（主语） that he won the first prize in the national competition, which was highly competitive and attracted numerous outstanding participants（同位语从句）, made（谓语） us（宾语） extremely happy and proud（宾语补足语）. 4. The girl（主语） whose father is a renowned doctor specializing in cardiothoracic surgery and who often works late into the night（定语从句） studies（谓语） incredibly hard（状语） and aims（谓语） to follow in her father's footsteps（目的状语）. 5. The house（主语） where I lived with my grandparents for a considerable period of time when I was a child and which holds many precious memories（定语从句） has been demolished（谓语） to make way for a new shopping complex（目的状语）. 6. Only by making consistent efforts, maintaining a positive attitude, and seeking effective learning methods in this highly competitive environment（状语） can we（主语） hope（谓语） to achieve excellent results and fulfill our dreams（目的状语）. 7. The primary reason（主语） why she was late for school, despite her usual punctuality（定语从句）, is（系动词） that she missed the bus due to an unexpected traffic jam on the main road（表语）. 8. It（形式主语） is（系动词） of paramount importance（表语） for us to master English well, not only to communicate effectively with people from different countries but also to access the vast amount of knowledge and information available in the globalized world（真正主语）. 9. There（引导词） are（谓语） a large number of people（主语） who are patiently waiting for the bus at the bus stop, despite the bad weather and the delay of the expected arrival time（定语从句）. 10. The man（主语） whom I met by chance at the library last week and who turned out to be an accomplished scholar（定语从句） is（系动词） actually my long-lost friend（表语）. 11. The factory（主语） which was established with significant investment and state-of-the-art technology last year and which focuses on the production of environmentally friendly products（定语从句） produces（谓语） a considerable quantity of high-quality cars（宾语） every month（时间状语）. 12. It（形式主语） is（系动词） widely known to all, especially those who are interested in astronomy（状语） that the earth moves around the sun in an elliptical orbit at a considerable speed（真正主语）. 13. The woman（主语） whose son is a brave soldier serving in a remote and dangerous area and who rarely has the chance to come home（定语从句） is filled（谓语） with both pride and concern（状语）. 14. The memorable day（主语） when we went to the beautiful park filled with colorful flowers and lush trees（定语从句） was（系动词） a sunny and pleasant one that left a deep impression on our hearts（表语）. 15. There（引导词） is（谓语） a thick book（主语） on the wooden desk which is placed beside the window and which belongs to me and contains a wealth of knowledge and fascinating stories（定语从句）. 3年模拟-2：分析下列语句句型结构 1. 句型结构：主谓 After a long day of hard work（时间状语）, she（主语） finally lay down（谓语） on the comfortable sofa（地点状语）, feeling exhausted（伴随状语）. 2. 句型结构：主系表 The book（主语） which I bought yesterday（定语从句） is（系动词） very interesting and educational（表语）. 3. 句型结构：主谓宾宾补 When he came back from work（时间状语）, he（主语） found（谓语） the room（宾语） was in a mess（宾语补足语）. 4. 句型结构：主谓&主谓宾 （倒装句）Not only should（谓语） we（主语） study hard（谓语）, （并列句）but also we（主语） need（谓语） to take part in various activities（宾语） to improve ourselves（目的状语）. 5. 句型结构：主谓宾 （存现句）There are many people（主语） think（谓语） that mobile phones are useful（宾语从句）. 6. 句型结构：主系表 With the development of technology（状语）, our lives（主语） have become（系动词） more and more convenient（表语）. 7. 句型结构：主系表 The reason（主语） why he was late（定语从句） was（系动词） that he got up late（表语从句）. 8. 句型结构：主谓宾 Standing at the top of the mountain（伴随状语）, he（主语） could see（谓语） the beautiful scenery（宾语） far away（状语）. 9. 句型结构：主系表 I（主语）'m（系动词） very glad（表语） to hear from you and know how you are getting along recently（原因状语）. 10. 句型结构：主谓 Although it was raining heavily（让步状语从句）, they（主语） still went on working（谓语） in the field（地点状语）. 3年模拟-3：结合汉语意思补全语句 1. has made significant progress 2. What impressed me most 3. to protect the environment 4. shopping center will be built 5. why he was late 6. do they provide us with knowledge 7. how much achievement you have made 8. can broaden our horizons 9. made him very disappointed 10. standing over there 3年模拟-4：翻译语句。 1. With the development of science and technology, our life has become more convenient. 2. The problem is how we can improve our study efficiency in a short time. 3. It is obvious that he has made great progress in his study. 4. It is possible that he will come to the party tonight. 5. What I want to stress is that we should take action to protect our environment. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$