Unit 1 The mass media Extended reading & Project( Ⅰ) 同步练习-2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 The mass media 第 5 练 Extended reading & Project( Ⅰ) 夯实基础 一、词性转换 1. advertise vi. & vt. → n. 2. persuade vt. → n. → adj. 3. memorable adj. → vt. → n. 4. absorb vt. → n. → adj. 5. purchase n. & vt. → n. → n. (人) 6. interaction n. → vi. → adj. 7. amuse vt. → n. → adj. → adv. 8. employ vt. → n. → n. (雇主)→ n. (雇员) 二、选择方框内的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空 in other words; get across; boost; at peak times; memory; base … on; employ; aim to; brighten up; hand in hand 1. What is the message that you are trying to ? 2. It has been raining for days, but according to the forecast, it should in a couple of days. 3. For the past three years he as a firefighter. 4. The boss asked him to leave the company— , he was fired. 5. Industrial progress should go with the development of agriculture. 6. Movie music can be made because its themes are repeated throughout the film. 7. It is the most expensive to advertise on CCTV . 8. The decision emotion rather than rational thought. 9. The tax cuts will give a much needed to the economy. 10. The centre free young people from dependency on drugs. 提升素养 一、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It seems we can't get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASA's money is spent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with theUSA's decision to send a man to Mars in 2037. We' ve seen all there is to see on the Earth, right? Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea. Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines(核潜艇) would implode(内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 km— still less than the average depth of the ocean— there's a good chance that you' ll discover a new species. The deepest- diving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes. Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet. In the late 1990s, a deep- water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing4,000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised? Don't be. The ocean covers 70% of the planet's surface and we' ve studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea. One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of the Earth is important, and robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than humans. They' re absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they can't look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy. Perhaps now it's time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction(科幻小说). The adventure of the deep sea is science fact. ( ) 1. What do the examples in Paragraph 2 suggest? A. Sea exploration is no easy task. B. Nuclear submarines need to be improved. C. The ocean is far deeper than people expected. D. The condition under the sea is similar to that on the Moon. ( ) 2. What do we know about the Challenger Deep? A. Blue whales live there. B. No one has ever been there. C. People are terrified by the sight of it. D. It is the deepest known location on the Earth. ( ) 3. What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean? A. It's surprising. B. It's no wonder. C. It's worrying. D. It's no success. ( ) 4. What does the author want to tell us? A. Space exploration is of little value. B. We spend too much money on space travel. C. Humans' success lies in how much they explore the sea. D. The ocean is the place where we should make our efforts. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2023 福州十一中期中) As a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I'd always resist doing the adventurous stuff myself. I preferred to observe others and 1 their experiences to readers. Thus, when I was challenged to 2 a mountain in aid of charity— and to write about it afterwards—I was 3 . Then it was a 4 that I had a brilliant coach called Keith, who gave me knowledge about everything from building muscle groups to how to 5 tiredness. It quickly became obvious that the techniques of climbing were more 6 than I had imagined. Aware of the challenge,I forced myself to 7 a detailed action plan Keith made, working out 8 at the gym. My self- belief 9 alongside my muscle power, and I became confident about finishing the climb. All too soon I was on a plane to my destination. That day, when I looked up at the mountain, I thought of 10 it. But then I remembered all the 11 I'd made and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up— not to mention the sense of 12 I'd experience myself. With a deep breath, fear 13 courage and I headed into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group. And as I sit here now tapping on my laptop, I'm amazed at all the details I can recall: the burning 14 and the tiredness. Could I have been better prepared? Possibly. Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when standing on top of the world is a 15 experience but one I will cherish forever. ( ) 1. A. expose B. expand C. prove D. narrate ( ) 2. A. promote B. preserve C. climb D. clean ( ) 3. A. inspired B. unwilling C. unaware D. attracted ( ) 4. A. problem B. mystery C. trick D. blessing ( ) 5. A. restore B. reject C. avoid D. ignore ( ) 6. A. fancy B. definite C. complex D. flexible ( ) 7. A. stick to B. turn to C. adapt to D. contribute to ( ) 8. A. occasionally B. gradually C. daily D. endlessly ( ) 9. A. grew B. reduced C. changed D. crashed ( )10. A. maintaining B. accomplishing C. braving D. quitting ( )11. A. promises B. efforts C. decisions D. choices ( )12. A. relief B. obligation C. satisfaction D. failure ( )13. A. gave way to B. held on to C. lived up to D. went back to ( )14. A. ears B. muscles C. anger D. passion ( )15. A. never- to- be- repeated B. never- to- be- mentioned C. never- to- be- recalled D. never- to- be- forgotten 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ability to think critically is important. Imagine a person incapable of critical thinking: this would be someone 1. suggestible that he or she takes every commercial's advice to rush out and buy the product 2. ( advertise), and finds every politician convincing(令人信服的). Obviously, few people are that weak. Yet while 3. ( become) suspicious(怀疑的) of what we' re told by people who want to sell us something is a useful skill, it isn't enough. We 4. ( constant) encounter claims in news stories, books, and articles; from radio, television, and online personalities; in blog posts, podcasts, downloaded5. ( video), and social media. How are we to evaluate all these claims? How can we separate ones that probably can be accepted as true from those that we should doubt? People have different standards for making these judgements. One popular standard throughout history6. ( be) to assume that we already know what is true. Instead of simply assuming that we already know what is true, critical thinking requires that we consider the 7. ( possible) that our assumptions might be wrong. At bottom, critical thinking is about evidence. Evidence is information that can help us judge whether8. claim is true. When we hear a claim, we ought to evaluate the evidence for and9. it. The claim may be about something small and personal(“I love your hair in that style”) 10. aimed at a much larger audience( today's top news story). I doesn't matter. Thinking critically involves examining the evidence for a claim and deciding whether it is convincing. 第5练 Extended reading & Project( 1) 【夯实基础】 一、 1. advertisement 2. persuasion; persuasive 3. memorize; memory 4. absorption; absorbing/ absorbed 5. purchasing; purchaser 6. interact; interactive 7. amusement; amusing/ amused; amusingly 8. employment; employer; employee 二、 1. get across 2. brighten up 3. has been employed 4. in other words 5. hand in hand 6. memorable 7. at peak times8. was based on 9. boost 10. aims to 【提升素养】 一、1—4 ADBD 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类探索海洋过程中遇到的困难以及海洋探索给人类带来的益处。 1. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines(核潜艇) would implode(内爆) before they reach 1 km down.”可知,探索海洋不是一件容易的事。 2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“ At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.”可知,挑战者深渊大约11公里深，是太平洋马里亚纳海沟最深的部分。马里亚纳海沟是目前所知地球上最深的海沟，故挑战者深渊是地球上最深的海洋部分。 3. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中“ Surprised? Don't be. The ocean covers 70% of the planet's surface and we' ve studied less than5% of it.”可知，实际上，海洋覆盖了地球表面的70%，我们研究的不到其5%。由此可推知，作者认为南大洋的发现不足为奇。 4. D 写作意图题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“ Perhaps now it's time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction(科幻小说). The adventure of the deep sea is science fact.”可知，现在是时候开始一个新的海洋探险时期了，深海的冒险带来的是科学事实。由此可推知，作者想要告诉我们海洋探索值得我们去努力。 二、1—5 DCBDC 6—10 CACAD 11—15 BDABA 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了不喜欢冒险的作者，为了一项慈善事业最终登上山顶，这对作者来说是永远要珍惜的记忆。 1. D 句意：我更喜欢观察别人，把他们的经历讲给读者听。expose 暴露; expand 扩展; prove证明; narrate叙述。 根据上文“ As a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I'd always resist doing the adventurous stuff myself.”可知，作为一名冒险体育杂志的撰稿人，作者自己总是拒绝做冒险的事情，他喜欢把别人的经历写下来，叙述给读者。 2. C 句意：因此，当我被要求攀登一座山以助力慈善事业，并在之后记录这件事时，我是不愿意的。promote 促进,推动; preserve 保护,保存; climb 攀爬; clean 清理。 下文“ It quickly became obvious that the techniques of climbing were more 6 than I had imagined.”中的 climb 是提示,作者学习爬山技巧，所以此处表示爬山。 3. B 句意见上题解析。inspired 有灵感的,受到启发的; unwilling 不愿意的; unaware 没意识到的； attracted 被吸引的。结合上文内容可知，作者不喜欢冒险，所以当被告知要去做爬山这项有风险的事时，作者应该是不愿意的。 4. D 句意：幸运的是，我有一个优秀的教练 Keith，他教了我很多知识，从锻炼肌肉群到如何避免疲劳。problem 问题; mystery 神秘的事物; trick 诡计; blessing 祝福,好事。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，再结合 that 从句的内容可知，有一个优秀的教练对作者来说是一件幸运的事。 5. C 句意见上题解析。restore 恢复; reject 拒绝; avoid 避免; ignore 忽视。根据句意以及常识可知，教练教作者爬山时如何避免疲劳。 6. C 句意：很快我就发现，攀岩技术比我想象的要复杂得多。fancy 昂贵的,绚丽的; definite确定的; complex 复杂的; flexible灵活的。根据下文“ Aware of the challenge, I forced myself to 7 a detailed action plan Keith made, working out 8 at the gym.”可知,作者为了应对爬山这个挑战，每天坚持按照教练的计划锻炼，结合句意，此处表示作者发现攀岩技术比想象的要复杂得多。 7. A 句意：意识到这个挑战，我强迫自己坚持 Keith制定的详细行动计划，每天在健身房锻炼。stick to 坚持; turn to 求助于; adapt to 适应; contribute to 有助于。结合上题分析以及句意可知，作者发现攀岩技术比想象的要复杂得多，为了应对爬山的挑战，作者坚持执行教练制定的计划。 8. C 句意见上题解析。occasionally 偶然; gradually 渐渐地; daily 每天; endlessly 继续地，永久地。结合上题分析可知，作者认为攀岩很复杂，为了应对爬山这个挑战，坚持执行教练制定的计划，每天都在健身房锻炼，尽可能又快又熟练地掌握攀岩技巧。 9. A 句意：我的自信随着我的肌肉力量而增长，我对完成这次攀登充满了信心。grew 成长，增长; reduced 减少; changed 改变; crashed 碰撞。上文“ Thus, when I was challenged to 2 a mountain in aid of charity— and to write about it afterwards—I was 3 .”提到作者刚开始是不愿意爬山的。上题分析提到作者为了爬山坚持执行教练制定的计划，每天锻炼，所以作者的肌肉力量会增加，同时作者对自己完成爬山的信心也增加了。 10. D 句意：那天，当我抬头看山的时候，我想放弃。maintaining 维持,保持; accomplishing完成; braving 勇敢面对; quitting 放弃,停止。下文“ But then I remembered all the 11 I'd made and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up— not to mention the sense of 12 I'd experience myself.”提到作者想到放弃后的结果，其中的 gave up 是提示，所以此处表示作者想要放弃。 11. B 句意：但随后我想起了我所做的所有努力，以及如果我放弃了，Keith会有多么失望——更不用说我自己将经历的失败感了。 promises 承诺; efforts 努力; decisions 决定; choices 选择。根据上文“I forced myself to 7 a detailed action plan Keith made, working out 8 at the gym.”可知,作者想要放弃的时候，想到了自己曾做出的努力。 12. D 句意见上题解析。relief 宽慰; obligation义务,职责; satisfaction 满足,满意; failure 失败。根据语境和句意可知，作者坚持训练了这么久，如果放弃了爬山，肯定会有失败感。 13. A 句意：我深深地吸了一口气，恐惧让位于勇气，我走向阳光，与组内的其他人碰头。 gave way to 让步于; held on to 紧紧抓住,坚持; lived up to 不辜负; went back to 恢复,重新开始。结合上题分析可知，作者本想放弃爬山，但想到自己会因此而经历失败感。再结合下文“I headed into the sunshine”可知,作者还是克服了内心的恐惧，鼓起勇气，和其他人一起开始爬山。 14. B 句意：现在，当我坐在这里，敲击着我的笔记本电脑时，我惊讶于我能回忆起的所有细节:燃烧的肌肉和疲劳。ears 耳朵; muscles肌肉; anger 愤怒; passion 激情,热情。根据语境和句意可知，作者在写下自己的爬山经历时，能记得所有的细节，尤其是爬山时的劳累和燃烧的肌肉，即爬山时身体的感受。 15. A 句意：站在世界之巅的兴奋是一种永远不会重复的经历，但我会永远珍惜。never- to- be- repeated 无 法 重 复 的; never- to- be- mentioned 永不提及的; never- to- be- recalled不复返的; never- to- be- forgotten 难以忘怀的。根据上文“ Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not.”可知,作者不会再爬一次山了，所以这次登上山顶的经历是不会被重复的经历。 三、1. so 2. advertised/ being advertised3. becoming 4. constantly 5. videos6. is/ has been 7. possibility 8. a9. against 10. or 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了批判性思维的重要性，以及如何用批判性思维来帮助我们识别信息。 1. so 考查副词。句意：他可能是耳根子很软的人，以至于他会接受每个广告的建议，冲出去购买广告中的产品，并认为每位政客都是令人信服的。根据下文的 that 可知,此处为“ so ……… that …”句型, so 为副词, 修 饰 形 容词 suggestible。 2. advertised/ being advertised 考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。此处作后置定语，修饰 the product。 the product 与 advertise 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词 advertised 作后置定语；也可以理解为“正在打广告的产品”，用 being advertised 修饰。 3. becoming 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而质疑那些想要卖东西给我们的人的话是一种有用的技能，但是这还不够。此处作主语，谓语动词为 is，应用动名词作主语。 4. constantly 考查副词。句意:我们经常会在新闻故事、书籍和文章中遇到很多声明；这些声明还会来自广播、电视和网络名人；在博客文章、播客、下载的录像以及社交媒体上也不乏此类内容。此处修饰动词 encounter，应用副词 constantly。 5. videos 考查名词复数。句意见上题解析。此处 video 为可数名词,且根据上文 posts 和 podcasts可知,此处应用名词复数。 6. is/ has been 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：历史中最普遍的标准就是，假设我们已经知道了什 么 是真的。此 处 One popular standard作主语，单数意义，空处谓语动词应用单数形式。根据全文时态为一般现在时可知，空处应用一般现在时表事实或道理。但根据上文的“ throughout history”可知,此处也可以理解为“这种标准已经是⋯⋯”，用现在完成时。 7. possibility 考查名词。句意:批判性思维要求我们考虑到我们的假设可能是错误的这种可能性，而不是简单地假设我们已经知道什么是正确的。此处为名词作宾语，且根据下文的“ that our assumptions might be wrong”可知,此处应用名词的单数。 8. a 考查冠词。句意：证据就是一种信息，这种信息能帮助我们评判声明是不是真的。此处 claim为单数可数名词，泛指“一个声明”，且 claim发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a。 9. against 考查介词。句意：当我们听到一个声明时，我们应该去评估支持和反对它的那些证据。根据上文的“ for and”可知，此处意为“反对”,应用介词 against。 10. or 考查连词。句意：这种声明可能是关于一些小的私事(如我喜欢你的发型)，或者是目标面向更大的群体(比如今天热门的新闻故事)。空处应用连词,连接“ about something”和“ aimed at”,且意思为“或者”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$