16 非谓语动词（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（天津专版）

非谓语动词（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 高考真题考点分布（天津卷） 考点 题型 非谓语动词 单项 选择 2023 6月 2023 3月 2022 6月 2022 4月 2021 6月 2021 3月 2020 7月 2020 5月 2019 6月 2019 3月 数量 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】近5年天津卷对于非谓语动词的考查集中于单项选择题，主要考查： 1．非谓语动词作状语时doing/done/to do/having done的用法 2．非谓语动词作定语时doing/done的用法 3．非谓语动词作宾语补足语时doing/ to do的用法 4．非谓语动词作宾语补足语时搭配的被动用法 【备考策略】 高考天津卷着重考查考生在特定语境下对非谓语动词的句法功能与基本用法的分析与辨别能力。考生需在分析句子结构的基础上，准确判断非谓语动词所担任的句法角色（如状语、定语、补语、主语等），并关注其时态性和语态性。 近年来，高考天津卷在非谓语动词的考查上已全面覆盖了其各个方面，尤其注重考查非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的主动或被动关系，以及相应的逻辑关系。考生在日常学习中，不仅要注重在非谓语动词的句法功能和基本用法上下功夫，还要在分析和理解句子、段落乃至整篇语篇的基础上，时刻关注非谓语动词的时态性、语态性，以及其与其他语法项目的综合考查现象。通过这样的学习方式，考生可以更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，从而提升解题能力。 【命题预测】 2025年单项选择对非谓语动词的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查非谓语动词作定语、状语和宾语补足语。 必备基础知识： 非谓语动词是在句子中不作谓语的动词（作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或补语），包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词。 非谓语动词的基本形式 主动 被动 备注 doing done 一般形式，无时态 doing being done 表进行（作主语时无时态） having done having been done 表完成（一般只用于作状语） to do to be done 不定式的一般式，表将来或目的（不可置于逗号后） to be doing to be being done 不定式的进行式 to have done to have been done 不定式的完成式 重难点知识： 考点精讲01非谓语动词作状语 类型 结构及含义 例句 逻辑主语 非谓语作状语的逻辑主语为句子主干句的主语，即非谓语作状语时，要看句子的主语与非谓语构成的逻辑上的主被动关系。 基本形式 doing/done 一般形式的主被动 Seeing from the top of the tower, we find the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 从塔顶看，我们发现山的南麓是一片林海。 Seen from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 从塔顶看，山的南麓是一片林海。 to do/to be done表目的的主被动 She was going to Nanaimo to catch the ferry. 她打算到纳奈莫去乘渡船。 having done/having been done 表完成的主被动 Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many animals and plants not found in any other country in the world. 和其他大陆分离了数百万年,澳大利亚有许多在世界上其他任何国家都找不到的动植物。 不定式作目的状语搭配 in order (not) to do / so as (not) to do （只能放句中） In order to understand how the human body works, you need to have some knowledge of chemistry. 为了了解人体是如何工作的，你需要掌握一些化学知识。 We went along silently on tiptoe so as/in order not to disturb anyone. 我们踮着脚悄无声息地走，免得打扰别人。 不定式作结果状语搭配 enough to do 足够做... only to do 结果却，常表示意外结果或事与愿违的结果 so/such...as to do... 如此....以至于... too... to do... 太...而不能… These rooms are all large enough to take a third bed. 这些房间都很大，足够放下第三张床。 She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked. 她开上自家车道，不料发现路已被堵。 He studied so hard as to pass the examination. 他学习很用功以至于能通过考试。 I'm too tired to stay up any longer. 我太累而不能再熬夜了。 不定式作原因状语搭配 形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式,用来说明产生这种情绪或状态的原因。用于这类结构的形容词常见的有angry, anxious, astonished, happy, delighted, disappointed, frightened, glad , surprised, shocked等。 I’m very glad to hear the news. 听到这个消息我非常高兴。 状语从句省略句 动词-ing形式和过去分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、伴随状况等，可与 while、when 、once、if 、unless等连词连用表示强调。此时的非谓语等同于状语从句的“主语+谓语” When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “That’s kind of you”. = When one is offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “That’s kind of you”. 当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“谢谢你”或“你真好”。” 1．（2024·天津南开·二模）_________ early for the competition, she set the alarm clock. A．Getting up B．To get up C．Get up D．Having got up 2．（2024·天津河东·一模）______for two days, the new comer started to get along well with the team. A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 3．（2024·天津河北·二模）Nowadays doctors can perform incredibly precise operations ______ advanced robotics and live imaging technology. A．using B．used C．having used D．having been used 4．（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习）Michael and his family migrated to New Zealand in the hope of living a better life, only ________entirely new hardships. A．encounter B．encountering C．to encounter D．encountered 5．（23-24高三上·天津·期中）The old couple sat in front of the house every evening, happy ________those lovely children running and playing around. A．to watch B．watching C．watched D．having watched 6．（19-20高三上·天津静海·期中）Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us, and if________ uncontrolled, it can destroy our lives. A．left B．to be left C．leaving D．having left 考点精讲02非谓语动词作定语 类型 结构及含义 例句 逻辑主语 非谓语作定语的逻辑主语为非谓语做修饰的名词，即非谓语作状语时，要看被修饰词与非谓语构成的逻辑上的主被动关系。 基本形式 doing/being done 表正在进行的动作的主被动 The building being built now will be our new library. 正在建造的大楼将是我们的新图书馆。 to do/to be done表将来动作的主被动 The building to be built next year will be our new library. 明年要建的大楼将是我们的新图书馆。 done 表完成的主被动 The building built last year is our new library now. 去年建的那栋大楼现在是我们的新图书馆。 动词-ing和过去分词放在名词前作定语，相当于形容词 动词-ing形式作定语可以表示被修饰词的用途、状态或动作。 a sleeping car (用途)卧铺车厢 a sleeping child (状态)一个熟睡的孩子 a drinking horse (动作)一匹正在喝水的马 英语中有些表示感觉的动词-ing形式表示“令人感到...的”；过去分词表示“感到...的”；还有一些要根据具体情况进行判断。 a satisfying student一个令人满意的学生 a satisfied student一个感到满意的学生 a puzzling expression一个令人困惑的表情 a puzzled expression一个困惑的表情 其他搭配 序数词/最高级 + n. + 不定式 He was the best man to do the job.他是做这个工作最好的人选。 sb. have/has/had sth. to do（主动表被动） 某人有某事要做 He had no plans to go there. 他没有要去那里的计划。 1．（23-24高三上·天津·期中）Fearful that he might have an intention ______ her, Helen started to run. A．to have harmed B．harmed C．harming D．to harm 2．（20-21高三上·天津北辰·期末）The city highway ________ next year will help reduce traffic jams in this area. A．being completed B．to be completed C．completed D．having been completed 3．（2024·天津·二模）A fisherman claimed to have witnessed a giant sea turtle this morning _______ almost two meters long. A．measured B．having measured C．measuring D．to be measured 4．（2024·天津北辰·三模）Shops in Winsor Castle offer a wide range of souvenirs ______ for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. A．designing B．to be designed C．being designed D．designed 考点精讲03非谓语动词作补语 类型 结构及含义 例句 后接不定式作宾补的动词及动词词组 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage,expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, pay, persuade, prefer, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, wait for , call on, depend on等 You are not allowed to smoke here.此处不允许吸烟。 The doctor warned him not to eat too muchmeat. 医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。 不定式作主语补足语 sb./sth. be said/ believed/ known/ supposed/ reported/ considered/ found/ thought + to do/to have done/to be done/to have been done. He is said to have gone abroad. 据说他出国了。 Heat is considered to be a form of energy. 热能被看作是能量的一种形式。 感官动词 (see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel) / 使役动词(make, let, have, get) + 宾语 + 【PS: 当感官动词或使役动词（let除外）在句中为被动语态，且非谓语需用省略to的不定式do时，要将to加上 Someone was heard to come up the stairs. 听见有人上楼了。】 do sth.做过/要做某事 (get+宾语+to do) Let those in need understand that we will goall out to help them. 要让那些有困难的人明白我们会全力以赴帮助他们。 He got me to post the letter for him.他让我替他寄信。 doing sth.正在做/一直做某事 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天经过她的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。 done 被做（let+宾语+be done） I often hear the song sung in English. 我常听别人用英语唱这首歌。 being done 正在被做（let无此搭配） I heard an English song being sung by the little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过那个小女孩的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。 leave（让，留下）, keep（使，让）, set（使，让）, find（发现）, catch（抓住，撞见）+ 宾语 + doing 表主动 It's wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。 done 表被动 The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste good. 大部分的菜客人们都没有动，因为它们不好吃。 to do / to be done 表将来的主被动 （keep, find, catch无此搭配） We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled.我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。 with/without + 宾语 + doing 主动 The Yangtze River is very busy with so manyboats and ships coming and going every day. 长江上每天都有许多船只来来往往，非常繁忙。 done 被动 Without any more time given, we couldn’t finish the task. 如果不多给时间的话，我们完成不了任务。 to do 将来的动作 With a lot of problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 有很多难题要解决，新任总统的日子可不好过。 1．（2024·天津和平·二模）An hour’s sport each day left me tired out and _______ to go to bed early. A．to want B．wanting C．wanted D．want 2．（2024·天津·一模）The shopkeeper and assistants will get all these goods ordered ______ to the customers today. A．to deliver B．delivering C．deliver D．delivered 3．（23-24高三上·天津西青·期末）You need to get them ____ that you want to see the plan _____ out next month. A．understand; carried B．to understand; carrying C．understand; carrying D．to understand; carried 4．（2019·天津·高考真题）The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed _____ out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take C．to be taken D．taking 5．（22-23高三上·天津·阶段练习）The Indian Ocean tsunami at the end of 2004 is believed ________ more than 160,000 people and made millions homeless, ________ it perhaps the most destroying tsunami in history. A．to kill; making B．to have killed; making C．having killed; to make D．killing; made 考点精讲04非谓语动词作宾语 类型 结构及含义 例句 用不定式作宾语的动词 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help, afford, strive(努力，力争), happen, wait, threaten等 She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 当我经过时，她假装没看见我。 I was still striving to be successful.我仍在努力争取成功。 用动词-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） consider, suggest/advise look forward to, excuse/pardon, admit, delay/put off, fancy(想要), avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk,can't help(禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape, be used/accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can't stand(无法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, thank you for, apologize for, be busy, have difficulty/trouble, have a good/wonderful/hard time, spend time (in)等 He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity. 他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。 We were accustomed to working together. 我们习惯了一起工作。 既可以用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以用不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别的动词 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事 I forgot to ask him for his address.我忘记向他要地址。 remember to do sth. 记着要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 Do you remember switching the lights off before we came out? 你记得我们出来之前关灯了吗？ regret to do sth. 很遗憾要去做某事(常跟tell, say, inform等) regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 He bitterly regretted ever having mentioned it.他非常懊悔提起那件事。 We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 You should try to eat more fruit. 你应该尽量多吃些水果。 You should try eating more fruit. 你应该试试多吃水果，看身体会否好些。 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 Doing one thing well doesn't mean doing exactly one thing. 做好一件事情并不意味着仅仅做一件事情。 Breaking the vase was purely accidental; she did not mean to do it. 打碎花瓶纯粹是偶然失手；她无意弄坏它。 go on/continue to do sth. 接着做另一件事 go on/continue doing sth. 继续做同一件事 She wanted to continue working until she was 60. 她想要继续工作到60岁。 1．（23-24高三上·天津河北·期末）I asked the kids to go out to play, because I wasn’t accustomed to ______ when I was working. A．interrupting B．interrupt C．interrupted D．being interrupted 2．（2024·天津·二模）We regret _______ that all flights to Florida will be put off due to the coming storms. A．announcing B．to have announced C．to announce D．to be announced 3．（2022·天津·一模）________  on its judgment of the current COVID-19 epidemic situation, the epidemic prevention and control headquarters aimed ________ lockdown management gradually and restore residents’ lives to regular order starting on Thursday. A．Based; to lift B．Based; lifting C．Basing; to lift D．Basing; listing 考点精讲05非谓语动词作主语 类型 结构及含义 例句 基本形式 doing 表主动 Talking to him is talking toa a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 being done 表被动 Being understood by others is sometimes more important than being loved. 被他人理解有时比被爱更重要。 It作形式主语，后用动词-ing的搭配 It is/was no/not any/of little + use/good + doing sth. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It作形式主语，后用不定式的搭配 ①It + be+名词+to do sth. It’s our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an hour. 我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。 ②It takes/took sb. + some time + to do sth. ③It + be + difficult/ easy/ hard/ important/ impossible/ necessary/...+for sb. + to do sth. ④It seems/ appears + 形容词 + to do sth. 1．（2024·天津和平·二模）Many people have no idea what to do when a disaster strikes. _______ is the best way to increase your chances of survival. A．Prepared B．Having prepared C．Prepare D．Being prepared 2．（23-24高三上·天津·期末）_____ to a top university, as in China, is also what many American students have been dreaming of. A．Admitted B．Being admitted C．Having been admitted D．To have been admitted 3．（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习）In the process of taking exercise, _____ the latest equipment, such as smart earphones, allows people to get the best out of their training. A．to use B．used C．having used D．using （最新模拟试题演练） 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）In the Summer Palace’s accurate design, people can find the history and creativity of ancient China ______ within the complex decorations. A．hiding B．to hide C．hidden D．being hidden 2．（2024·天津河北·二模）Nowadays doctors can perform incredibly precise operations ______ advanced robotics and live imaging technology. A．using B．used C．having used D．having been used 3．（2024·天津南开·二模）_________ at the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City is mainly built of bricks. A．Located B．Locating C．Being located D．Having located 4．（2024·天津南开·二模）_________ early for the competition, she set the alarm clock. A．Getting up B．To get up C．Get up D．Having got up 5．（2024·天津·二模）It is recently reported that the number of people ______ a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change their cooking in some way. A．stick to B．sticking to C．stuck to D．having stuck to 6．（2024·天津·二模）______ the use of electric cars to reduce pollution and oil dependence, the government is considering passing a new tax law. A．Having encouraged B．To encourage C．Encouraged D．Encouraging 7．（2024·天津和平·二模）Many people have no idea what to do when a disaster strikes. _______ is the best way to increase your chances of survival. A．Prepared B．Having prepared C．Prepare D．Being prepared 8．（2024·天津和平·二模）An hour’s sport each day left me tired out and _______ to go to bed early. A．to want B．wanting C．wanted D．want 9．（2024·天津河东·二模）Jerry received 3 text messages from his bank, ________ him that 3 online payments had just been made from his account. A．informed B．to inform C．informing D．inform 10．（2024·天津·二模）__________ by his actions, she quietly walked away, cutting off all contact with him from that moment on. A．Disappointing B．Disappointed C．To disappoint D．Being disappointed 11．（2024·天津·二模）Clown doctors do magic tricks in the hospital, __________ the pain of the patients like medicines. A．relieved B．to relieve C．relieving D．relieve 12．（2024·天津·一模）When I entered the room, I found Emily seated quietly on the sofa, her eyes ______ on the storybook. A．fixed B．fixing C．to fix D．to be fixed 13．（2024·天津·一模）______ going to study in the United States, Dahlia began to pack her luggage. A．To approve of B．Approving of C．Having approved of D．Having been approved of 14．（2024·天津·二模）______ safety checks outside, the ground recovery team opened the Shenzhou X capsule and conducted an examination of the astronauts’ health. A．To follow B．Following C．Having followed D．Followed 15．（2024·天津·二模）A variety of applications with filters  ________ in allow users to soften wrinkles or adjust the size and shape of their facial features. A．to build B．building C．built D．having been built 16．（2024·天津·二模）The headmaster blamed the naughty student caught ________ flowers in the garden. A．to be picking B．picking C．to pick D．to have picked 17．（2024·天津·二模）A fisherman claimed to have witnessed a giant sea turtle this morning _______ almost two meters long. A．measured B．having measured C．measuring D．to be measured 18．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）Celebrated American author F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, ______ in the 1920s, reveals the emptiness and anxiety of the society then. A．setting B．set C．to set D．having set 19．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）It’s important to share China’s wisdom-filled art with people worldwide, truly ______ traditional Chinese culture to be understood. A．allowed B．to allow C．allowing D．being allowed 20．（2024·天津北辰·三模）Shops in Winsor Castle offer a wide range of souvenirs ______ for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. A．designing B．to be designed C．being designed D．designed 21．（2024·天津·二模）We regret _______ that all flights to Florida will be put off due to the coming storms. A．announcing B．to have announced C．to announce D．to be announced 22．（2024·天津南开·一模）TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app ________ users to create, share and watch short videos. A．having allowed B．allowing C．allowed D．to be allowed 23．（2024·天津南开·一模）Kathy reached the company out of breath only ________ she was fired. A．told B．to be told C．being told D．having told 24．（2024·天津河北·一模）When Mrs Smith arrived at her company, she saw her office ________ dark blue by some workers. A．to paint B．painting C．being painted D．to be painted 25．（2024·天津·一模）Hate speech on the Internet causes violence, and undermines diversity and social unity, ________ the common values and principles that bond us together. A．to threaten B．having threatened C．threatening D．threatened 26．（2024·天津·一模）The shopkeeper and assistants will get all these goods ordered ______ to the customers today. A．to deliver B．delivering C．deliver D．delivered 27．（2024·天津·一模）Thirty years ago, the common way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages ________. A．delivering B．delivered C．to deliver D．to be delivered 28．（2024·天津河北·一模）The botanical garden features a wide variety of foreign plants, largely ________ from tropical and subtropical regions mainly from Africa. A．importing B．imported C．being imported D．having imported 29．（2024·天津和平·一模）The actor is believed ______ the TV drama soon due to personal reasons. A．to have left B．to leave C．to be left D．to have been left 30．（2024·天津和平·一模）DX Sports Watch has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable ______. A．to be worn B．to be wearing C．to wear D．to worn 31．（2024·天津河东·一模）______for two days, the new comer started to get along well with the team. A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 32．（2023·天津河西·三模）______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from the big city decided to stay in the countryside with her parents for another week. A．Attracted B．Attracting C．Having attracted D．To attract 33．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）—What matters for the cooperation between companies? —________differences in a sincere way. A．Approached B．Having approached C．To be approached D．Approaching 34．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）The recent TV series Three-Body, ________from Liu Cixin’s sci-fi book, has impressed audiences with its splendid visual effects. A．adapted B．to be adapted C．adapting D．having adapted 35．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）I’ve been dreaming of becoming a writer since I was a teenager, but it seems hard to get a book _______. A．publishing B．having published C．published D．to be published 36．（2023·天津河北·二模）The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, ________ us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem. A．reminded B．to be reminded C．reminding D．having reminded 37．（2023·天津河北·二模）We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China ________globally. A．hearing B．to hear C．having heard D．heard 38．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ with two job offers, we may wonder exactly what it is we’ re choosing between. A．Having presented B．To be presented C．Presenting D．Presented 39．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A．Enjoying B．Enjoyed C．To enjoy D．Having enjoyed 40．（2023·天津和平·二模）While we sleep, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, ________ us to enter a virtual reality. A．to allow B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 41．（2023·天津河东·二模）My first English teacher Ms. Wang has retired, but she still remembers the happy time ________ with us students. A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．spent 42．（2023·天津河北·一模）Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination ________ sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status. A．to boast B．being boasted C．boasted D．boasting 43．（2023·天津·一模）In January 2023, a new year film, Full River Red, ________ in Song dynasty, was released and made a hit immediately. A．set B．setting C．having set D．to set 44．（2023·天津南开·一模）Last April, thousands of holidaymakers remained________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck 45．（2023·天津南开·一模）Given that the theme of the Expo was________ cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation, Dunhuang was the ideal place. A．to promote B．having promoted C．to be promoted D．promoted 46．（2023·天津·一模）According to a study ______ in the magazine Science, the changes in the sounds of our oceans, seas, and other waterways affect many sea animals. A．publishing B．published C．having published D．to publish 47．（2023·天津·一模）______ in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and a fork. A．To grow up B．Being grown up C．Growing up D．Grown up 48．（2023·天津红桥·一模）BYD Motor is designing more new models, ______ a 20 percent growth in sales this year. A．eyeing B．eyes C．eyed D．having eyed 49．（2023·天津河东·一模）It takes a bit of practice________ comfortable when foreigners learn to use chopsticks to eat. A．feeling B．to feel C．felt D．to be felt 50．（2023·天津河东·一模）The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention. A．ranges B．ranged C．to range D．ranging 翻译句子 1．泪水几乎模糊了我的视线，我给了他一个大大的拥抱。(汉译英) ______________________ 2．作为一名大一新生，她经常在6层楼的迷宫中迷路，这让她非常无助。(汉译英) ______________________ 3．我的数学老师已经为我们学生树立了榜样，他完全值得我尊敬。(having set) (汉译英) ______________________ 4．根据一项调查，大部分正被调查的学生，确切地说是65%，选择听听英语歌曲。(being interviewed) (汉译英) ______________________ 5．听说英语口语课上我们将要被随机组合，我特写信表达我的意见。(hearing) (汉译英) ______________________ 6．在日本学医期间，他对中国人的歧视感到伤心，因此作出一个大胆的决定去放弃医学寻求写作。(studying, making) (汉译英) ______________________ 7．另外，当我完成一幅美丽的画，我会为自己感到自豪。(completing) (汉译英) ______________________ 8．她开始关注教室周围的地标，比如喷泉或墙上的画。(focus) （汉译英） ______________________ 9．从那时起，人们就非常重视这样一个教训：在指责他人之前应该谨慎。(blame) （汉译英） ______________________ 10．参加这次比赛是展示你英语写作能力的绝佳机会。(sign) （汉译英） ______________________ 11．Despite the pressure, she delivered, displaying a remarkable combination of power and precision in her strokes. (英译汉) ______________________ 12．Responding to criticism that rescuers were too slow to react, leaving many initial survivors trapped under rubble in the freezing cold, the veteran leader promised to build 650,000 housing units within a year. (英译汉) ______________________ 13．For example, the “Funiu ci jiu” waste recycling sculptures displayed in the Cining Palace area, which are made up of 92% recycled waste from the museum, exemplify the transformation of waste into beauty. (英译汉) ______________________ 14．Promoting waste reduction and eco-friendly practices is not only leading by example but also inspiring others to follow suit. (英译汉) ______________________ 15．The enhanced schedule includes five scheduled weekly freight train services operating along specific routes, enabling accurate determination of transport times between cities. (英译汉) ______________________ 16．China State Railway Group has recently implemented a new schedule for freight train services between China and Europe, with the aim of ensuring more stable transport times, improving efficiency, and boosting trade between Asia and Europe. (英译汉) ______________________ 17．Despite attempts to manage this waste, the Japanese government’s decision to discharge nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean has faced opposition from neighboring countries, Japanese residents, and international environmental organizations. (英译汉) ______________________ 18．Compared with other clean power sources such as solar, wind and hydro, nuclear power is more stable and cost-effective, Lin Boqiang, director of the China Center for Energy Economics Research at Xiamen University, told the Global Times. (英译汉) ______________________ 19．It is the world’s first fourth-generation (4G) nuclear power plant and uses China’s fully independent intellectual property rights, reflecting the nation’s global leading position in 4G nuclear power technology, said the NEA．(英译汉) ______________________ 20．This winter, the city of Harbin has spared no effort to show sincerity and creativity in entertaining, if not spoiling, tourists from all over the world. (英译汉) ______________________ 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 2．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. A．Trying B．Tried C．Having tried D．Having been tried 3．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A．Dating B．Being dated C．To date D．To be dated 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again. A．allowing B．being allowed C．having allowed D．having been allowed 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills. A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views. A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show. A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth. A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. A．Having completed B．Being completed C．Completed D．Completing 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A．Learn B．Learned C．Learning D．Having learned 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. A．To study B．Studying C．Having studied D．Studied 16．（2019·天津·高考真题）The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed ________ out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take C．to be taken D．taking 17．（2018·天津·高考真题）Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ______ what she thought was necessary. A．ordered B．ordering C．to have ordered D．having been ordered 18．（2018·天津·高考真题）There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 19．（2018·天津·高考真题）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A．to eat；to try B．eating；trying C．eating；to try D．to eat； trying 20．（2018·天津·高考真题）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A．taking B．taken C．being taken D．take 21．（2017·天津·高考真题）The speaker, ______for her wonderful speeches, will deliver a lecture in our school next week. A．to know B．being known C．known D．knowing 22．（2017·天津·高考真题）The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A．being allowed B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 23．（2017·天津·高考真题）I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________. A．catching B．caught C．to catch D．to be caught 24．（2017·天津·高考真题）________ more about amazing animal facts, he made a trip to the nearby nature reserve. A．Finding out B．Found out C．To find out D．Being found out 25．（2016·天津·高考真题）The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A．making B．to make C．made D．being made 26．（2015·天津·高考真题） ______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. A．To absorb B．To be absorbed C．Absorbed D．Absorbing 27．（2015·天津·高考真题）__________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 28．（2014·天津·高考真题）Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit A．to find B．found C．finding D．having found 29．（2014·天津·高考真题）Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A．writing B．to write C．written D．being written 30．（2013·天津·高考真题） In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _______in daily conversations. A．using B．to use C．having used D．used 31．（2012·天津·高考真题）He got up late and hurried to his office, _______ the breakfast untouched. A．left B．to leave C．leaving D．having left 32．（2011·天津·高考真题）______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A．Translating B．Translated C．To translate D．Having translated 33．（2011·天津·高考真题）Passengers are permitted ________ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A．to carry B．carrying C．to be carried D．being carried 34．（2010·天津·高考真题）It rained heavily in the south，________serious floods in several provinces. A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause 35．（2009·天津·高考真题）________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A．Being encouraged B．Encouraging C．Encouraged D．Having encouraged 36．（2009·天津·高考真题）______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends. A．Competing B．Having completed C．To have completed D．To complete 37．（2008·天津·高考真题）________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A．To throw B．Thrown C．Being thrown D．Throwing 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 非谓语动词（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 高考真题考点分布（天津卷） 考点 题型 非谓语动词 单项 选择 2023 6月 2023 3月 2022 6月 2022 4月 2021 6月 2021 3月 2020 7月 2020 5月 2019 6月 2019 3月 数量 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】近5年天津卷对于非谓语动词的考查集中于单项选择题，主要考查： 1．非谓语动词作状语时doing/done/to do/having done的用法 2．非谓语动词作定语时doing/done的用法 3．非谓语动词作宾语补足语时doing/ to do的用法 4．非谓语动词作宾语补足语时搭配的被动用法 【备考策略】 高考天津卷着重考查考生在特定语境下对非谓语动词的句法功能与基本用法的分析与辨别能力。考生需在分析句子结构的基础上，准确判断非谓语动词所担任的句法角色（如状语、定语、补语、主语等），并关注其时态性和语态性。 近年来，高考天津卷在非谓语动词的考查上已全面覆盖了其各个方面，尤其注重考查非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的主动或被动关系，以及相应的逻辑关系。考生在日常学习中，不仅要注重在非谓语动词的句法功能和基本用法上下功夫，还要在分析和理解句子、段落乃至整篇语篇的基础上，时刻关注非谓语动词的时态性、语态性，以及其与其他语法项目的综合考查现象。通过这样的学习方式，考生可以更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，从而提升解题能力。 【命题预测】 2025年单项选择对非谓语动词的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查非谓语动词作定语、状语和宾语补足语。 必备基础知识： 非谓语动词是在句子中不作谓语的动词（作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或补语），包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词。 非谓语动词的基本形式 主动 被动 备注 doing done 一般形式，无时态 doing being done 表进行（作主语时无时态） having done having been done 表完成（一般只用于作状语） to do to be done 不定式的一般式，表将来或目的（不可置于逗号后） to be doing to be being done 不定式的进行式 to have done to have been done 不定式的完成式 重难点知识： 考点精讲01非谓语动词作状语 类型 结构及含义 例句 逻辑主语 非谓语作状语的逻辑主语为句子主干句的主语，即非谓语作状语时，要看句子的主语与非谓语构成的逻辑上的主被动关系。 基本形式 doing/done 一般形式的主被动 Seeing from the top of the tower, we find the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 从塔顶看，我们发现山的南麓是一片林海。 Seen from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 从塔顶看，山的南麓是一片林海。 to do/to be done表目的的主被动 She was going to Nanaimo to catch the ferry. 她打算到纳奈莫去乘渡船。 having done/having been done 表完成的主被动 Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many animals and plants not found in any other country in the world. 和其他大陆分离了数百万年,澳大利亚有许多在世界上其他任何国家都找不到的动植物。 不定式作目的状语搭配 in order (not) to do / so as (not) to do （只能放句中） In order to understand how the human body works, you need to have some knowledge of chemistry. 为了了解人体是如何工作的，你需要掌握一些化学知识。 We went along silently on tiptoe so as/in order not to disturb anyone. 我们踮着脚悄无声息地走，免得打扰别人。 不定式作结果状语搭配 enough to do 足够做... only to do 结果却，常表示意外结果或事与愿违的结果 so/such...as to do... 如此....以至于... too... to do... 太...而不能… These rooms are all large enough to take a third bed. 这些房间都很大，足够放下第三张床。 She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked. 她开上自家车道，不料发现路已被堵。 He studied so hard as to pass the examination. 他学习很用功以至于能通过考试。 I'm too tired to stay up any longer. 我太累而不能再熬夜了。 不定式作原因状语搭配 形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式,用来说明产生这种情绪或状态的原因。用于这类结构的形容词常见的有angry, anxious, astonished, happy, delighted, disappointed, frightened, glad , surprised, shocked等。 I’m very glad to hear the news. 听到这个消息我非常高兴。 状语从句省略句 动词-ing形式和过去分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、伴随状况等，可与 while、when 、once、if 、unless等连词连用表示强调。此时的非谓语等同于状语从句的“主语+谓语” When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “That’s kind of you”. = When one is offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “That’s kind of you”. 当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“谢谢你”或“你真好”。” 1．（2024·天津南开·二模）_________ early for the competition, she set the alarm clock. A．Getting up B．To get up C．Get up D．Having got up 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了早早起床参加比赛，她设了闹钟。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式。故选B。 2．（2024·天津河东·一模）______for two days, the new comer started to get along well with the team. A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工作了两天，新来的人开始和团队相处得很好。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作状语。该动作和主语之间为主动关系，并且该动作发生在主句动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。故选D。 3．（2024·天津河北·二模）Nowadays doctors can perform incredibly precise operations ______ advanced robotics and live imaging technology. A．using B．used C．having used D．having been used 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：如今，医生们可以利用先进的机器人技术和实时成像技术进行难以置信的精确手术。分析句子结构可知，use在句子中为非谓语动词，它和doctors之间为逻辑主动关系，因此使用现在分词作方式状语，故选A。 4．（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习）Michael and his family migrated to New Zealand in the hope of living a better life, only ________entirely new hardships. A．encounter B．encountering C．to encounter D．encountered 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔和他的家人移民到新西兰，希望过上更好的生活，却遇到了全新的困难。根据句意可知，此处表示意料之外的结果，应用only to do。故选C。 5．（23-24高三上·天津·期中）The old couple sat in front of the house every evening, happy ________those lovely children running and playing around. A．to watch B．watching C．watched D．having watched 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那对老夫妇每天晚上都坐在屋前，高兴地看着那些可爱的孩子们跑来跑去，到处玩耍。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据happy to do sth.可知，此处应为不定式形式作原因状语，且表示主动意义，所以此处应为to watch。故选A项。 6．（19-20高三上·天津静海·期中）Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us, and if________ uncontrolled, it can destroy our lives. A．left B．to be left C．leaving D．having left 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：恐惧是隐藏在我们内心的众多敌人之一，如果不加以控制，它会摧毁我们的生活。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词和if构成条件状语，逻辑主语it（fear）和leave之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。虽然to be left也表被动，但句中陈述一般情况，不表将来，故排除。故选A。 考点精讲02非谓语动词作定语 类型 结构及含义 例句 逻辑主语 非谓语作定语的逻辑主语为非谓语做修饰的名词，即非谓语作状语时，要看被修饰词与非谓语构成的逻辑上的主被动关系。 基本形式 doing/being done 表正在进行的动作的主被动 The building being built now will be our new library. 正在建造的大楼将是我们的新图书馆。 to do/to be done表将来动作的主被动 The building to be built next year will be our new library. 明年要建的大楼将是我们的新图书馆。 done 表完成的主被动 The building built last year is our new library now. 去年建的那栋大楼现在是我们的新图书馆。 动词-ing和过去分词放在名词前作定语，相当于形容词 动词-ing形式作定语可以表示被修饰词的用途、状态或动作。 a sleeping car (用途)卧铺车厢 a sleeping child (状态)一个熟睡的孩子 a drinking horse (动作)一匹正在喝水的马 英语中有些表示感觉的动词-ing形式表示“令人感到...的”；过去分词表示“感到...的”；还有一些要根据具体情况进行判断。 a satisfying student一个令人满意的学生 a satisfied student一个感到满意的学生 a puzzling expression一个令人困惑的表情 a puzzled expression一个困惑的表情 其他搭配 序数词/最高级 + n. + 不定式 He was the best man to do the job.他是做这个工作最好的人选。 sb. have/has/had sth. to do（主动表被动） 某人有某事要做 He had no plans to go there. 他没有要去那里的计划。 1．（23-24高三上·天津·期中）Fearful that he might have an intention ______ her, Helen started to run. A．to have harmed B．harmed C．harming D．to harm 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：海伦害怕他可能有伤害她的意图，开始逃跑。intention意为“意图”，，所以此处应用to do不定式作后置定语。此处表示将要，应用to do不定式的一般式。故选D。 2．（20-21高三上·天津北辰·期末）The city highway ________ next year will help reduce traffic jams in this area. A．being completed B．to be completed C．completed D．having been completed 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：将于明年完工的城市高速公路将有助于减少这个地区的交通堵塞。句中谓语是will help，空格处用非谓语动词，由next year可知，空格处用不定式表将来，highway和complete之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态to be done，故选B。 3．（2024·天津·二模）A fisherman claimed to have witnessed a giant sea turtle this morning _______ almost two meters long. A．measured B．having measured C．measuring D．to be measured 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位渔民声称今天早上看到了一只将近两米长的巨型海龟。本句谓语为claimed，此处为非谓语动词，且turtle与measure“（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。having measured强调测量的动作已完成，不符合题意，故排除。故选C。 4．（2024·天津北辰·三模）Shops in Winsor Castle offer a wide range of souvenirs ______ for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. A．designing B．to be designed C．being designed D．designed 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：温莎城堡的商店提供为皇家收藏设计的各种纪念品，包括书籍、明信片、瓷器、珠宝和儿童玩具。句中已有谓语offer，空处作非谓语动词，design和逻辑主语souvenirs是被动关系，且结合语意可知，design这一动作已经完成，空处应用design的过去分词形式作souvenirs的后置定语。故选D项。 考点精讲03非谓语动词作补语 类型 结构及含义 例句 后接不定式作宾补的动词及动词词组 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage,expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, pay, persuade, prefer, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, wait for , call on, depend on等 You are not allowed to smoke here.此处不允许吸烟。 The doctor warned him not to eat too muchmeat. 医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。 不定式作主语补足语 sb./sth. be said/ believed/ known/ supposed/ reported/ considered/ found/ thought + to do/to have done/to be done/to have been done. He is said to have gone abroad. 据说他出国了。 Heat is considered to be a form of energy. 热能被看作是能量的一种形式。 感官动词 (see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel) / 使役动词(make, let, have, get) + 宾语 + 【PS: 当感官动词或使役动词（let除外）在句中为被动语态，且非谓语需用省略to的不定式do时，要将to加上 Someone was heard to come up the stairs. 听见有人上楼了。】 do sth.做过/要做某事 (get+宾语+to do) Let those in need understand that we will goall out to help them. 要让那些有困难的人明白我们会全力以赴帮助他们。 He got me to post the letter for him.他让我替他寄信。 doing sth.正在做/一直做某事 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天经过她的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。 done 被做（let+宾语+be done） I often hear the song sung in English. 我常听别人用英语唱这首歌。 being done 正在被做（let无此搭配） I heard an English song being sung by the little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过那个小女孩的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。 leave（让，留下）, keep（使，让）, set（使，让）, find（发现）, catch（抓住，撞见）+ 宾语 + doing 表主动 It's wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。 done 表被动 The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste good. 大部分的菜客人们都没有动，因为它们不好吃。 to do / to be done 表将来的主被动 （keep, find, catch无此搭配） We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled.我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。 with/without + 宾语 + doing 主动 The Yangtze River is very busy with so manyboats and ships coming and going every day. 长江上每天都有许多船只来来往往，非常繁忙。 done 被动 Without any more time given, we couldn’t finish the task. 如果不多给时间的话，我们完成不了任务。 to do 将来的动作 With a lot of problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 有很多难题要解决，新任总统的日子可不好过。 1．（2024·天津和平·二模）An hour’s sport each day left me tired out and _______ to go to bed early. A．to want B．wanting C．wanted D．want 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天一小时的运动让我疲惫不堪，想早点上床睡觉。A. to want想要；B. wanting想要；C. wanted想要；D. want想要。空处应为宾语补足语，空前有并列连词and，连接两个非谓语动词，动词want与逻辑主语me之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故选B项。 2．（2024·天津·一模）The shopkeeper and assistants will get all these goods ordered ______ to the customers today. A．to deliver B．delivering C．deliver D．delivered 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：店主和助手们今天会把订购的货物全部送到顾客手中。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语get sth done“使某事被做”，其中ordered为过去分词作后置定语，修饰all these goods；因为all these goods ordered与deliver之间为逻辑上存在动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。 3．（23-24高三上·天津西青·期末）You need to get them ____ that you want to see the plan _____ out next month. A．understand; carried B．to understand; carrying C．understand; carrying D．to understand; carried 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你需要让他们明白，你希望这个计划下个月就能实施。分析句子结构可知，一空处考查固定搭配：get sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，所以填to understand，作宾语补足语，二空处，因为本句已有谓语动词want，所以应该用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是plan和carry out之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动，应填carried。故选D项。 4．（2019·天津·高考真题）The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed _____ out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take C．to be taken D．taking 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。 5．（22-23高三上·天津·阶段练习）The Indian Ocean tsunami at the end of 2004 is believed ________ more than 160,000 people and made millions homeless, ________ it perhaps the most destroying tsunami in history. A．to kill; making B．to have killed; making C．having killed; to make D．killing; made 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2004年底的印度洋海啸据信造成超过16万人死亡，数百万人无家可归，这可能是历史上最具破坏性的海啸。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词is believed，此处是一个简单句，故两个设空处均用非谓语动词形式；第一空位于谓语动词is believed后，整个短语作主语补足语，与逻辑主语the Indian Ocean tsunami之间为主动关系，且动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，应用to have done结构；第二空与逻辑主语the Indian Ocean tsunami之间为主动关系，整个短语在句中作状语，应用现在分词doing。故选B项。 考点精讲04非谓语动词作宾语 类型 结构及含义 例句 用不定式作宾语的动词 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help, afford, strive(努力，力争), happen, wait, threaten等 She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 当我经过时，她假装没看见我。 I was still striving to be successful.我仍在努力争取成功。 用动词-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） consider, suggest/advise look forward to, excuse/pardon, admit, delay/put off, fancy(想要), avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk,can't help(禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape, be used/accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can't stand(无法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, thank you for, apologize for, be busy, have difficulty/trouble, have a good/wonderful/hard time, spend time (in)等 He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity. 他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。 We were accustomed to working together. 我们习惯了一起工作。 既可以用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以用不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别的动词 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事 I forgot to ask him for his address.我忘记向他要地址。 remember to do sth. 记着要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 Do you remember switching the lights off before we came out? 你记得我们出来之前关灯了吗？ regret to do sth. 很遗憾要去做某事(常跟tell, say, inform等) regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 He bitterly regretted ever having mentioned it.他非常懊悔提起那件事。 We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 You should try to eat more fruit. 你应该尽量多吃些水果。 You should try eating more fruit. 你应该试试多吃水果，看身体会否好些。 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 Doing one thing well doesn't mean doing exactly one thing. 做好一件事情并不意味着仅仅做一件事情。 Breaking the vase was purely accidental; she did not mean to do it. 打碎花瓶纯粹是偶然失手；她无意弄坏它。 go on/continue to do sth. 接着做另一件事 go on/continue doing sth. 继续做同一件事 She wanted to continue working until she was 60. 她想要继续工作到60岁。 1．（23-24高三上·天津河北·期末）I asked the kids to go out to play, because I wasn’t accustomed to ______ when I was working. A．interrupting B．interrupt C．interrupted D．being interrupted 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我让孩子们出去玩，因为我不习惯在工作时被打扰。固定短语be accustomed to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，空处作介词to的宾语，需用动名词形式，且interrupt“打断”和I逻辑上是被动关系，需要动名词的被动语态。故选D。 2．（2024·天津·二模）We regret _______ that all flights to Florida will be put off due to the coming storms. A．announcing B．to have announced C．to announce D．to be announced 【答案】C 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们很遗憾的通知所有前往弗洛里达的航班都因为暴风雨延迟了。regret后面可以接doing，意思是“后悔做过”；也可以接to do，意思是“遗憾的做”。根据句意，应该选择to do的形式。B选项错误，因为to have done表示动作发生在谓语之前，D选项错误，本题并不是被动语态，故选C项。 3．（2022·天津·一模）________  on its judgment of the current COVID-19 epidemic situation, the epidemic prevention and control headquarters aimed ________ lockdown management gradually and restore residents’ lives to regular order starting on Thursday. A．Based; to lift B．Based; lifting C．Basing; to lift D．Basing; listing 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：市防控新冠疫情指挥部根据目前新冠疫情形势判断，从周四起逐步放松管制，有序回归正常生活。第一空be based on是固定搭配，这里作状语应用based；第二空常用be aimed at doing或aim to do。故选A。 考点精讲05非谓语动词作主语 类型 结构及含义 例句 基本形式 doing 表主动 Talking to him is talking toa a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 being done 表被动 Being understood by others is sometimes more important than being loved. 被他人理解有时比被爱更重要。 It作形式主语，后用动词-ing的搭配 It is/was no/not any/of little + use/good + doing sth. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It作形式主语，后用不定式的搭配 ①It + be+名词+to do sth. It’s our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an hour. 我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。 ②It takes/took sb. + some time + to do sth. ③It + be + difficult/ easy/ hard/ important/ impossible/ necessary/...+for sb. + to do sth. ④It seems/ appears + 形容词 + to do sth. 1．（2024·天津和平·二模）Many people have no idea what to do when a disaster strikes. _______ is the best way to increase your chances of survival. A．Prepared B．Having prepared C．Prepare D．Being prepared 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当灾难发生时，很多人都不知道该做什么。做好准备是提高生存几率的最佳方法。“_______ is the best way to increase your chances of survival.”中is之前的部分应为句子的主语，因此需要使用动名词形式或动名词短语作主语。prepare“准备”，be prepared“准备妥当”。选项A为过去式或过去分词，不可作主语；选项B为动名词的完成式，强调“准备”的动作先于谓语动作发生，但此处未明确表达此时间关系；选项C为动词原形，不能直接作主语；选项D为动名词的一般式，符合语法要求，表示“处于准备状态”的概念，适合充当句子主语。故选D。 2．（23-24高三上·天津·期末）_____ to a top university, as in China, is also what many American students have been dreaming of. A．Admitted B．Being admitted C．Having been admitted D．To have been admitted 【答案】B 【详解】考查动名词。句意：和在中国一样，被名校录取，也是许多美国学生一直梦寐以求的事情。根据句子结构可知，此处使用动名词的被动形式作主语，be admitted to/into意为“被……录取或接收”，故选B。 3．（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习）In the process of taking exercise, _____ the latest equipment, such as smart earphones, allows people to get the best out of their training. A．to use B．used C．having used D．using 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在锻炼的过程中，使用最新的设备，如智能耳机，可以让人们从训练中获得最好的效果。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词allows，空处需填动名词using，构成动名词短语作主语。故选D。 （最新模拟试题演练） 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）In the Summer Palace’s accurate design, people can find the history and creativity of ancient China ______ within the complex decorations. A．hiding B．to hide C．hidden D．being hidden 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在颐和园精确的设计中，人们可以发现隐藏在复杂装饰中的中国古代的历史和创造力。“history”和“creativity”承受hide的动作，因此使用过去分词作后置定语。故选C。 2．（2024·天津河北·二模）Nowadays doctors can perform incredibly precise operations ______ advanced robotics and live imaging technology. A．using B．used C．having used D．having been used 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：如今，医生们可以利用先进的机器人技术和实时成像技术进行难以置信的精确手术。分析句子结构可知，use在句子中为非谓语动词，它和doctors之间为逻辑主动关系，因此使用现在分词作方式状语，故选A。 3．（2024·天津南开·二模）_________ at the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City is mainly built of bricks. A．Located B．Locating C．Being located D．Having located 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城位于北京市中心，主要由砖砌成。本句已有谓语动词is，所以locate用非谓语形式作状语，和逻辑主语the Forbidden City之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故选A项。 4．（2024·天津南开·二模）_________ early for the competition, she set the alarm clock. A．Getting up B．To get up C．Get up D．Having got up 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了早早起床参加比赛，她设了闹钟。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式。故选B。 5．（2024·天津·二模）It is recently reported that the number of people ______ a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change their cooking in some way. A．stick to B．sticking to C．stuck to D．having stuck to 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降，大约一半的英国消费者希望以某种方式改变他们的烹饪方式。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词people与stick to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故选B。 6．（2024·天津·二模）______ the use of electric cars to reduce pollution and oil dependence, the government is considering passing a new tax law. A．Having encouraged B．To encourage C．Encouraged D．Encouraging 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了鼓励使用电动汽车以减少污染和对石油的依赖，政府正在考虑通过一项新的税法。本句已有谓语动词is considering，所以encourage用作非谓语动词，根据句意，政府考虑通过一项新的税法，是为了鼓励使用电动汽车，空处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选B项。 7．（2024·天津和平·二模）Many people have no idea what to do when a disaster strikes. _______ is the best way to increase your chances of survival. A．Prepared B．Having prepared C．Prepare D．Being prepared 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当灾难发生时，很多人都不知道该做什么。做好准备是提高生存几率的最佳方法。“_______ is the best way to increase your chances of survival.”中is之前的部分应为句子的主语，因此需要使用动名词形式或动名词短语作主语。prepare“准备”，be prepared“准备妥当”。选项A为过去式或过去分词，不可作主语；选项B为动名词的完成式，强调“准备”的动作先于谓语动作发生，但此处未明确表达此时间关系；选项C为动词原形，不能直接作主语；选项D为动名词的一般式，符合语法要求，表示“处于准备状态”的概念，适合充当句子主语。故选D。 8．（2024·天津和平·二模）An hour’s sport each day left me tired out and _______ to go to bed early. A．to want B．wanting C．wanted D．want 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天一小时的运动让我疲惫不堪，想早点上床睡觉。A. to want想要；B. wanting想要；C. wanted想要；D. want想要。空处应为宾语补足语，空前有并列连词and，连接两个非谓语动词，动词want与逻辑主语me之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故选B项。 9．（2024·天津河东·二模）Jerry received 3 text messages from his bank, ________ him that 3 online payments had just been made from his account. A．informed B．to inform C．informing D．inform 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰瑞从银行收到了三条短信，通知他刚刚从他的账户中进行了三笔在线支付。句中已有谓语received，空处作非谓语动词，messages和inform为主动关系，所以空处应用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。 10．（2024·天津·二模）__________ by his actions, she quietly walked away, cutting off all contact with him from that moment on. A．Disappointing B．Disappointed C．To disappoint D．Being disappointed 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她对他的行为感到失望，悄悄地走开了，从那一刻起就切断了与他的一切联系。动词disappoint“使失望”和主语之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词作状语，表示原因，disappointed已转化为形容词，意为“感到失望的”，修饰人。故选B。 11．（2024·天津·二模）Clown doctors do magic tricks in the hospital, __________ the pain of the patients like medicines. A．relieved B．to relieve C．relieving D．relieve 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小丑医生在医院里变魔术，像药物一样减轻病人的痛苦。句中已有谓语do，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意以及常识可知，小丑医生变魔术可以给人带来快乐，自然而然的结果是减轻病人的痛苦，空处应用现在分词形式relieving作结果状语。故选C项。 12．（2024·天津·一模）When I entered the room, I found Emily seated quietly on the sofa, her eyes ______ on the storybook. A．fixed B．fixing C．to fix D．to be fixed 【答案】A 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：当我走进房间时，我发现艾米丽静静地坐在沙发上，眼睛盯着故事书。her eyes为独立主语，此处为独立主格结构，其中的动词fix应为非谓语形式，her eyes和fix为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故选A项。 13．（2024·天津·一模）______ going to study in the United States, Dahlia began to pack her luggage. A．To approve of B．Approving of C．Having approved of D．Having been approved of 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被批准去美国留学后，达利娅开始收拾行李。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，approve of和逻辑主语Dahlia为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，结合approve of该动作先于began之前发生，所以此处为过去分词的完成式，即having been done。故选D项。 14．（2024·天津·二模）______ safety checks outside, the ground recovery team opened the Shenzhou X capsule and conducted an examination of the astronauts’ health. A．To follow B．Following C．Having followed D．Followed 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在进行了安全检查后，地面回收小组打开了神舟十号太空舱，对宇航员的健康状况进行了检查。动词follow意为“（时间或顺序）在……后”，和谓语之间没有连词，和主语构成主动关系，和谓语之间没有明显的先后关系，所以应用现在分词的一般式作状语。故选B。 15．（2024·天津·二模）A variety of applications with filters  ________ in allow users to soften wrinkles or adjust the size and shape of their facial features. A．to build B．building C．built D．having been built 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：各种内置滤镜的应用程序允许用户软化皱纹或调整面部特征的大小和形状。设空处为with的宾语补足语，和宾语 filters之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，构成with的复合结构，故选C。 16．（2024·天津·二模）The headmaster blamed the naughty student caught ________ flowers in the garden. A．to be picking B．picking C．to pick D．to have picked 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：校长指责那个被抓住在花园里摘花的淘气学生。短语catch sb doing sth，意为“抓到某人正在做某事”，符合句意，所以这里应用现在分词作补足语，caught ________flowers in the garden修饰the naughty student作后置定语，故选B。 17．（2024·天津·二模）A fisherman claimed to have witnessed a giant sea turtle this morning _______ almost two meters long. A．measured B．having measured C．measuring D．to be measured 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位渔民声称今天早上看到了一只将近两米长的巨型海龟。本句谓语为claimed，此处为非谓语动词，且turtle与measure“（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。having measured强调测量的动作已完成，不符合题意，故排除。故选C。 18．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）Celebrated American author F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, ______ in the 1920s, reveals the emptiness and anxiety of the society then. A．setting B．set C．to set D．having set 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：美国著名作家弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的小说《了不起的盖茨比》，以1920年代为背景，揭示了当时社会的空虚与焦虑。be set in“以……为背景”为固定短语，空处在句中作非谓语，把be去掉即可。故选B项。 19．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）It’s important to share China’s wisdom-filled art with people worldwide, truly ______ traditional Chinese culture to be understood. A．allowed B．to allow C．allowing D．being allowed 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：与世界各地的人们分享中国充满智慧的艺术，真正让中国传统文化被理解是很重要的。空处为非谓语动词，allow与上文为逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。故选C项。 20．（2024·天津北辰·三模）Shops in Winsor Castle offer a wide range of souvenirs ______ for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. A．designing B．to be designed C．being designed D．designed 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：温莎城堡的商店提供为皇家收藏设计的各种纪念品，包括书籍、明信片、瓷器、珠宝和儿童玩具。句中已有谓语offer，空处作非谓语动词，design和逻辑主语souvenirs是被动关系，且结合语意可知，design这一动作已经完成，空处应用design的过去分词形式作souvenirs的后置定语。故选D项。 21．（2024·天津·二模）We regret _______ that all flights to Florida will be put off due to the coming storms. A．announcing B．to have announced C．to announce D．to be announced 【答案】C 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们很遗憾的通知所有前往弗洛里达的航班都因为暴风雨延迟了。regret后面可以接doing，意思是“后悔做过”；也可以接to do，意思是“遗憾的做”。根据句意，应该选择to do的形式。B选项错误，因为to have done表示动作发生在谓语之前，D选项错误，本题并不是被动语态，故选C项。 22．（2024·天津南开·一模）TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app ________ users to create, share and watch short videos. A．having allowed B．allowing C．allowed D．to be allowed 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抖音在中国被称为抖音，是一款允许用户创建、分享和观看短视频的移动应用程序。分析句子结构可知allow与逻辑主语app构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选B。 23．（2024·天津南开·一模）Kathy reached the company out of breath only ________ she was fired. A．told B．to be told C．being told D．having told 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凯西上气不接下气地赶到公司，却被告知她被解雇了。此处为only to do sth.，不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，且tell与Kathy构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故选B。 24．（2024·天津河北·一模）When Mrs Smith arrived at her company, she saw her office ________ dark blue by some workers. A．to paint B．painting C．being painted D．to be painted 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当史密斯夫人到达她的公司时，她看到她的办公室被一些工人漆成了深蓝色。设空处为宾语补足语，表示看见某事正在发生，应用现在分词作补足语，和宾语her office之间是被动关系，所以应用现在分词的被动语态，故选C。 25．（2024·天津·一模）Hate speech on the Internet causes violence, and undermines diversity and social unity, ________ the common values and principles that bond us together. A．to threaten B．having threatened C．threatening D．threatened 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网上的仇恨言论会引发暴力，逐渐破坏多样性和社会团结，威胁到将我们联系在一起的共同价值观和原则。分析句子结构并根据句意，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词的一般式，作结果状语。故选C。 26．（2024·天津·一模）The shopkeeper and assistants will get all these goods ordered ______ to the customers today. A．to deliver B．delivering C．deliver D．delivered 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：店主和助手们今天会把订购的货物全部送到顾客手中。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语get sth done“使某事被做”，其中ordered为过去分词作后置定语，修饰all these goods；因为all these goods ordered与deliver之间为逻辑上存在动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。 27．（2024·天津·一模）Thirty years ago, the common way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages ________. A．delivering B．delivered C．to deliver D．to be delivered 【答案】D 【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：30年前，从远方的朋友那里得到消息的常见方式是写信，这需要很长时间才能送达。sth. takes/took some time to do是固定短语，意为“做某事花了一些时间”，因此空格处是不定式，信是被送，因此空格处是不定式的被动语态，即to be delivered，故选D。 28．（2024·天津河北·一模）The botanical garden features a wide variety of foreign plants, largely ________ from tropical and subtropical regions mainly from Africa. A．importing B．imported C．being imported D．having imported 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植物园以各种各样的外来植物为特色，大部分是从热带和亚热带地区进口的，主要来自非洲。本句已有谓语features，设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词foreign plants作后置定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故选B。 29．（2024·天津和平·一模）The actor is believed ______ the TV drama soon due to personal reasons. A．to have left B．to leave C．to be left D．to have been left 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据信，由于个人原因，这位演员很快就会离开这部电视剧。be believed to do意为“据信做某事”，leave“离开”和The actor逻辑上是主动关系，不需要用被动语态，可排除C和D项，且结合“soon”可知，leave的行为没有已经完成，不需要用完成式。故选B。 30．（2024·天津和平·一模）DX Sports Watch has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable ______. A．to be worn B．to be wearing C．to wear D．to worn 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：DX运动手表有一个语音控制设置，可以让你保持免提，而它的防水带是完全可调节的，所以戴起来很舒服。形容词comfortable“舒服的”用于描述主语it的性质，此处应用固定结构be adj. to do，主动形式表示被动意义。故选C。 31．（2024·天津河东·一模）______for two days, the new comer started to get along well with the team. A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工作了两天，新来的人开始和团队相处得很好。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作状语。该动作和主语之间为主动关系，并且该动作发生在主句动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。故选D。 32．（2023·天津河西·三模）______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from the big city decided to stay in the countryside with her parents for another week. A．Attracted B．Attracting C．Having attracted D．To attract 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被自然所吸引，来自城市的女孩决定和父母在农村再待一周。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，attract与主语the girl之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，故选A。 33．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）—What matters for the cooperation between companies? —________differences in a sincere way. A．Approached B．Having approached C．To be approached D．Approaching 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词。句意：——什么对企业之间的合作很重要？——以真诚的方式处理分歧。回答what应用动名词或动词不定式。根据句意可知，应该用动名词的一般式。故选D。 34．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）The recent TV series Three-Body, ________from Liu Cixin’s sci-fi book, has impressed audiences with its splendid visual effects. A．adapted B．to be adapted C．adapting D．having adapted 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近改编自刘慈欣科幻小说的电视剧《三体》以其出色的视觉效果给观众留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知adapt与逻辑主语Three-Body构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。 35．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）I’ve been dreaming of becoming a writer since I was a teenager, but it seems hard to get a book _______. A．publishing B．having published C．published D．to be published 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我从十几岁起就梦想成为一名作家，但似乎很难出版一本书。根据句中谓语动词“seems”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作宾补，与“a book”之间形成被动关系，表示已发生的动作，应用过去分词形式。故选C。 36．（2023·天津河北·二模）The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, ________ us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem. A．reminded B．to be reminded C．reminding D．having reminded 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：挑战者号的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒着我们必须继续探索星空，不管它们看起来有多遥远。句子主语The sacrifice of the Challenger和remind之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故选C。 37．（2023·天津河北·二模）We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China ________globally. A．hearing B．to hear C．having heard D．heard 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事，让全球听到中国的声音。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语the voice of China与hear是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故选D。 38．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ with two job offers, we may wonder exactly what it is we’ re choosing between. A．Having presented B．To be presented C．Presenting D．Presented 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对两份工作机会，我们可能会想知道到底是什么让我们在两者之间做出选择（如何选择要看自己真正看重的是什么）。句中已有谓语动词wonder，所以此处为非谓语作状语，present与主语we之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动和完成，作状语。故选D。 39．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A．Enjoying B．Enjoyed C．To enjoy D．Having enjoyed 【答案】C 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老人开始使用智能手机。A. Enjoying享受；B. Enjoyed享受；C. To enjoy为了享受；D. Having enjoyed享受过。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语started，空处应为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表示目的，应用不定式，故选C项。 40．（2023·天津和平·二模）While we sleep, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, ________ us to enter a virtual reality. A．to allow B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作状语。句意：当我们睡觉时，大脑会重放醒着时的活动模式，让我们进入虚拟现实。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为状语，表示睡觉时，大脑所作的动作的结果，表示一种自然而然的结果，所以空处用现在分词。选项B符合题意，故选B。 41．（2023·天津河东·二模）My first English teacher Ms. Wang has retired, but she still remembers the happy time ________ with us students. A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．spent 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的第一位英语老师王老师已经退休了，但她仍然记得和我们学生一起度过的快乐时光。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词the happy time 与spend之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。 42．（2023·天津河北·一模）Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination ________ sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status. A．to boast B．being boasted C．boasted D．boasting 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，敦煌是一个世界级的旅游目的地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护的遗产地位。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词boast和逻辑主语Dunhuang为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故选D项。 43．（2023·天津·一模）In January 2023, a new year film, Full River Red, ________ in Song dynasty, was released and made a hit immediately. A．set B．setting C．having set D．to set 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年1月，一部以宋朝为背景的新年电影《满江红》上映，一炮而红。句中有谓语was released和made，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a new year film, Full River Red，且二者之间是被动关系，应用set（以……为背景）的过去分词形式set作后置定语，故选A。 44．（2023·天津南开·一模）Last April, thousands of holidaymakers remained________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：去年四月，由于火山灰层，成千上万的游客滞留在国外。本句已有谓语remained且无连词，动词stick (滞留)用非谓语形式，逻辑主语holidaymakers与动词stick是动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作表语，表状态，故选B。 45．（2023·天津南开·一模）Given that the theme of the Expo was________ cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation, Dunhuang was the ideal place. A．to promote B．having promoted C．to be promoted D．promoted 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到世博会的主题是促进文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。此处说明theme的内容用不定式作表语，且主语the theme of the Expo与promote是逻辑主动关系，故选A。 46．（2023·天津·一模）According to a study ______ in the magazine Science, the changes in the sounds of our oceans, seas, and other waterways affect many sea animals. A．publishing B．published C．having published D．to publish 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，海洋和其他水道声音的变化影响着许多海洋动物。此处为非谓语动词，动词publish和前文名词study之间是逻辑被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故选B项。 47．（2023·天津·一模）______ in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and a fork. A．To grow up B．Being grown up C．Growing up D．Grown up 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在英国长大，父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人。自从我能够拿起刀叉以来，我就喜欢上了这两个国家的食物。分析句子可知，空处缺少非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语I与grow up构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词growing。故选C项。 48．（2023·天津红桥·一模）BYD Motor is designing more new models, ______ a 20 percent growth in sales this year. A．eyeing B．eyes C．eyed D．having eyed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：比亚迪汽车正在设计更多的新车型，希望今年的销量能增长20%。分析句子结构可知eye与逻辑主语BYD Motor is designing more new models构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选A。 49．（2023·天津河东·一模）It takes a bit of practice________ comfortable when foreigners learn to use chopsticks to eat. A．feeling B．to feel C．felt D．to be felt 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当外国人学习用筷子吃饭时，需要一些练习才能感到舒服。分析句子结构可知，此处应为it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，feel为系动词与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以使用不定式的主动形式to feel作真正的主语。故选B项。 50．（2023·天津河东·一模）The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention. A．ranges B．ranged C．to range D．ranging 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从互联网到数字电视等新媒体的发展，意味着从事广告工作的人将不得不想出更多方法来吸引公众的注意力。分析句子结构可知，means是谓语，that引导的是宾语从句，从句中的谓语是will have，所以此处应为非谓语动词，range与其逻辑主语the development of new media之间为主动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的是当前的状态，所以使用现在分词形式作定语。故选D项。 翻译句子 1．泪水几乎模糊了我的视线，我给了他一个大大的拥抱。(汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】With tears almost blurring my vision, I gave him a big hug. 【详解】考查with的复合结构和时态。此处为with的复合结构，宾语为复数名词tears，表示“几乎模糊了我的视线”翻译为almost blurring my vision，为现在分词作宾补；主语为I；表示“给某人一个大大的拥抱”短语为give sb. a big hug。为一般过去时。故翻译为With tears almost blurring my vision, I gave him a big hug. 2．作为一名大一新生，她经常在6层楼的迷宫中迷路，这让她非常无助。(汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】Being a freshman, she tended to get lost in the 6-story maze, leaving her so helpless. 【详解】考查名词，一般过去时，现在分词，形容词。“大一新生”为freshman；“作为一名大一新生”此处作状语，所以用现在分词，所以为being a freshman。“往往，经常”为tend；“经常做某事”为tend to do sth.；本句中为描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时；表示“迷路的”用lost，“迷宫”为maze；所以句子的主干部分为she tended to get lost in the 6-story maze。后面的“这让她非常无助”为状语部分，“leave”使……处于一种状态，与句子的主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词；“无助的”为helpless；“非常”为so。所以后面的部分翻译为leaving her so helpless。故答案为Being a freshman, she tended to get lost in the 6-story maze, leaving her so helpless. 3．我的数学老师已经为我们学生树立了榜样，他完全值得我尊敬。(having set) (汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】Having set a great example to us students, my maths teacher fully deserves my respect. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子描述现在的客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“他”即“我的数学老师”my maths teacher，“值得”deserve，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式deserves，“完全”fully，副词作状语修饰动词deserves，“我的尊重”my respect，“为某人树立榜样”set a great example to sb.，“我们学生”us students，作介词to的宾语，句中deserves作谓语，set作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语my maths teacher之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，且结合语意，“树立榜样”这一动作发生在“值得尊重”之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done结构作状语。故翻译为Having set a great example to us students, my maths teacher fully deserves my respect. 4．根据一项调查，大部分正被调查的学生，确切地说是65%，选择听听英语歌曲。(being interviewed) (汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】According to a survey, most students being interviewed, specifically 65%, choose to listen to English songs. 【详解】考查固定短语，名词，现在分词，副词，一般现在时。表示“根据”用according to，“调查”为survey；大多数为most；学生为student；本句中的主谓部分为“学生选择听英语歌曲”；所以本句中“正被调查的”为定语修饰学生，所以为most students being interviewed。“确切地”为specifically；“选择”为choose；“听……”为listen to，“英语歌曲”为English songs；本句中为描述一种状态，所以用一般现在时。故答案为According to a survey, most students being interviewed, specifically 65%, choose to listen to English songs. 5．听说英语口语课上我们将要被随机组合，我特写信表达我的意见。(hearing) (汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】Hearing that we will be paired at random in our oral English class, I’m writing to voice my opinion about it. 【详解】考查动词、名词、介词短语、非谓语动词、宾语从句以及时态。 “听说……”使用动词hear，用作句子的原因状语，和主句主语“我”I是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词形式；“英语口语课上我们将要被随机组合”是“听说”的宾语，使用宾语从句来表达，“组合”是动词pair，“将要被随机组合”是动词短语，用作从句谓语部分，应使用一般将来时的被动语态形式will be paired，“随机”的英语是介词短语at random，用作状语修饰动词pair，“英语口语课”是oral English class，因此，句子前半部分可以写成Hearing that we will be paired at random in our oral English class；主句中“写信来……”使用动词write，根据句意，主句时态使用现在进行时I’m writing。“表达我的意见”是动词短语voice my opinion，是句子的目的状语，应使用不定式，可以把主句写成I’m writing to voice my opinion about it。故翻译为Hearing that we will be paired at random in our oral English class, I’m writing to voice my opinion about it. 6．在日本学医期间，他对中国人的歧视感到伤心，因此作出一个大胆的决定去放弃医学寻求写作。(studying, making) (汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】While (he was) studying medicine in Japan, he was saddened by the discrimination against Chinese people, thus making a bold decision to quit medical school and pursue writing. 【详解】考查时间状语从句、状语从句的省略、时态语态、非谓语动词、名词、形容词。根据“在日本学医期间”可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时。表示“他”用he，作主语；表示“使悲伤”用sadden，与主语为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，用by引出发出动作者；表示“对……的歧视”用discrimination against，discrimination作by的宾语，此处为特指，discrimination前加the；表示“中国人”用Chinese people，作against的宾语。表示“在日本学医期间”用while“在……期间”引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句中：用he作主语；表示“学习”用study，表示过去正在进行的动作，时态用过去进行时；表示“医学”用medicine，表示“在日本”用in Japan，作地点状语；当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词，故该从句可省略he was，保留studying。表示“因此”用thus；表示“做决定”用make a decision，用现在分词，作状语；表示“大胆的”用形容词bold，作前置定语，修饰名词decision；表示“放弃”用quit，用不定式，作后置定语，修饰decision；表示“医学院”用medical school，作quit的宾语；表示“寻求，追求”用pursue，与quit并列，用and连接；表示“写作”用writing，作pursue的宾语。故翻译为While (he was) studying medicine in Japan, he was saddened by the discrimination against Chinese people, thus making a bold decision to quit medical school and pursue writing. 7．另外，当我完成一幅美丽的画，我会为自己感到自豪。(completing) (汉译英) ______________________ 【答案】Besides, I felt proud of myself when completing a beautiful painting. 【详解】考查形容词、名词和非谓语动词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；“另外”可用副词besides；主语“我”用代词I，“为……感到自豪”可用固定短语feel proud of，“自己”应用代词myself；“当我完成一件作品”为时间状语，可用“when+非谓语动词”表示“当……时”，“完成”可用动词complete，“一幅美丽的画”可用名词短语a beautiful painting，且complete和I逻辑上是主动关系，应用complete的现在分词形式。故可译为：Besides, I felt proud of myself when completing a beautiful painting. 8．她开始关注教室周围的地标，比如喷泉或墙上的画。(focus) （汉译英） ______________________ 【答案】She started by focusing on the landmarks around her classroom, such as the water fountain or the painting on the wall. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。主语为she；表示“开始”用动词start by；表示“关注”应用focusing on，动名词作宾语；表示“教室周围的地标”为the landmarks around her classroom；表示“比如”短语为such as；表示“喷泉”短语为the water fountain；表示“或者”用or；表示“墙上的画”用the painting on the wall。为一般过去时。故翻译为She started by focusing on the landmarks around her classroom, such as the water fountain or the painting on the wall. 9．从那时起，人们就非常重视这样一个教训：在指责他人之前应该谨慎。(blame) （汉译英） ______________________ 【答案】Since then, the lesson has been greatly valued that one should be cautious before blaming others. 【详解】考查动词时态，同位语从句以及动名词。表示“从那时起”用since then，其为现在完成时的时间标志；表示“教训”用the lesson；表示“被非常重视”用has been greatly valued，此处构成现在完成时的被动语态；表示“一个人应该谨慎”用one should be cautious；表示“在……之前”用before；表示“责备他人”用blame others，故表示“在指责他人之前应该谨慎”用that one should be cautious before blaming others，that引导同位语从句，对lesson的内容进行解释和说明；使用动名词作宾语。故翻译为Since then, the lesson has been greatly valued that one should be cautious before blaming others. 10．参加这次比赛是展示你英语写作能力的绝佳机会。(sign) （汉译英） ______________________ 【答案】Signing up for this competition provides an excellent opportunity to showcase your English writing skills. 【详解】考查动名词、动词不定式和名词。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，表示“参加这次比赛”可转述为“报名参加这次比赛”应为sign up for the competition，在句中作主语，所以使用动名词形式，即signing up for the competition，位于句首，signing的首字母需大写；表示“是展示你英语写作能力的绝佳机会”可理解为“提供了一个展示你英语写作能力的机会”，表示“提供”应为provide，动名词作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式，即provides作谓语；表示“一个绝佳机会”应为an excellent opportunity作宾语；表示“展示你英语写作能力的”为showcase your English writing skills作定语修饰名词opportunity，修饰opportunity时，应使用动词不定式形式作后置定语，即to showcase your English writing skills。故翻译为Signing up for this competition provides an excellent opportunity to showcase your English writing skills. 11．Despite the pressure, she delivered, displaying a remarkable combination of power and precision in her strokes. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】尽管压力很大，她还是发挥出色，击球时力量和精准度的完美结合令人瞩目。 【详解】考查英译汉。Despite the pressure表示“尽管压力很大”；主语为she；delivered理解为“发挥出色”；displaying理解为“展示”，此处为现在分词短语作状语；a remarkable combination of power and precision in her strokes表示“击球时力量和精准度的完美结合令人瞩目”。为一般过去时。故翻译为：尽管压力很大，她还是发挥出色，击球时力量和精准度的完美结合令人瞩目。 12．Responding to criticism that rescuers were too slow to react, leaving many initial survivors trapped under rubble in the freezing cold, the veteran leader promised to build 650,000 housing units within a year. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】针对救援人员反应太慢、致使许多最初幸存者被困在冰冷的废墟下的批评，这位经验丰富的领导人承诺在一年内建造65万套住房。 【详解】考查固定短语、时态及非谓语动词。“respond to”为“对某事做出回应”，“criticism”为“批评”，“rescuers”为“救援人员”，“too slow”为“太慢”，“react”为“反应”，“leaving”是现在分词作结果状语，为“致使某事发生”，“many initial survivors”为“许多最初幸存者”，“trapped under rubble”是过去分词短语，表示被动意义，为“被困在废墟下”，“in the freezing cold”为“处在冰冷中”，“the veteran leader”为“这位经验丰富的领导人”，“promise to do”为“承诺做某事”，“build ”为“建造”，“housing units”为“住房”，“within a year”为“在一年内”，故翻译为“针对救援人员反应太慢、致使许多最初幸存者被困在冰冷的废墟下的批评，这位经验丰富的领导人承诺在一年内建造65万套住房”。 13．For example, the “Funiu ci jiu” waste recycling sculptures displayed in the Cining Palace area, which are made up of 92% recycled waste from the museum, exemplify the transformation of waste into beauty. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】例如，在慈宁宫区域展示的“福牛辞旧”废物再生雕塑就是一个例子，它由博物馆92%的回收废料制成，展现了废物变美的转变。 【详解】考查句子结构。句子结构分析可知，此句为主从复合句；过去分词短语displayed in the Cining Palace area“在慈宁宫区域展示”作后置定语，修饰主句主语the “Funiu ci jiu” waste recycling sculptures“‘福牛辞旧’废物再生雕塑”；动词exemplify“是……的典范；例证”在主句中作谓语，the transformation of waste into beauty“废物变美的转变”作宾语；非限制性定语从句which are made up of 92% recycled waste from the museum中关系代词which指代先行词the “Funiu ci jiu” waste recycling sculptures，在从句中作主语，从句翻译为“它由博物馆92%的回收废料制成”；For example意为“例如”；故此句翻译为：例如，在慈宁宫区域展示的“福牛辞旧”废物再生雕塑就是一个例子，它由博物馆92%的回收废料制成，展现了废物变美的转变。 14．Promoting waste reduction and eco-friendly practices is not only leading by example but also inspiring others to follow suit. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】推广减少浪费和环保实践不仅是以身作则，还能激励其他人效仿。 【详解】考查动词（短语）和名词短语。句子使用了not only… but also…固定结构，可译为“不仅……而且……”，动名词短语Promoting waste reduction and eco-friendly practices作主语，其中动名词Promoting可译为“推广”，作Promoting宾语的第一个名词短语waste reduction可译为“减少浪费”，第二个名词短语eco-friendly practices可译为“环保实践”，连词and可译为“和”，谓语部分的第一个动词短语is leading by example可译为“是以身作则”，第二个动词短语inspiring sb. to do sth.可译为“能激励某人做某事”，代词others可译为“其他人”，动词短语follow suit可译为“效仿”。故可译为：推广减少浪费和环保实践不仅是以身作则，还能激励其他人效仿。 15．The enhanced schedule includes five scheduled weekly freight train services operating along specific routes, enabling accurate determination of transport times between cities. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】增强的时刻表包括五条每周按特定路线运行的定期货运列车服务，能够准确确定城市之间的运输时间。 【详解】考查分词、形容词、名词和动名词。the schedule意为“时刻表”作主语，enhanced意为“增强”，为过去分词作定语修饰名词schedule，includes意为“包括”作谓语，freight train services意为“货运列车服务”作宾语，five scheduled weekly意为“五条每周定期的”作定语修饰名词freight train services，operating along specific routes意为“按特定路线运行的”，为现在分词短语作定语修饰名词freight train services，enabling accurate determination of transport times between cities为现在分词短语作状语，enabling意为“使能够”，accurate意为“准确的”，为形容词作定语，修饰名词determination，意为“准确的决定”，of transport times between cities意为“城市之间的运输时间的”作定语修饰名词determination，所以，现在分词短语应译为“能够准确确定城市之间的运输时间”。故翻译为：增强的时刻表包括五条每周按特定路线运行的定期货运列车服务，能够准确确定城市之间的运输时间。 16．China State Railway Group has recently implemented a new schedule for freight train services between China and Europe, with the aim of ensuring more stable transport times, improving efficiency, and boosting trade between Asia and Europe. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】中国国家铁路集团有限公司最近实施了中国与欧洲之间的货运列车服务新时刻表，旨在确保更稳定的运输时间、提高效率，并促进亚洲与欧洲之间的贸易。 【详解】考查动名词、名词、动词和形容词。China State Railway Group意为“中国国家铁路集团有限公司”作主语，has implemented意为“实施了”为句子的谓语，recently意为“最近”作状语，a new schedule for freight train services意为“货运列车服务新时刻表”作宾语，between China and Europe为介词短语，意为“中国与欧洲之间”作定语修饰services，介词短语with the aim of意为“旨在”作状语，ensuring more stable transport times意为“确保更稳定的运输时间”、improving efficiency意为“提高效率”，以及boosting trade between Asia and Europe意为“促进亚洲与欧洲之间的贸易”为动名词短语作介词of的宾语，使用并列连词and连接。故翻译为：中国国家铁路集团有限公司最近实施了中国与欧洲之间的货运列车服务新时刻表，旨在确保更稳定的运输时间、提高效率，并促进亚洲与欧洲之间的贸易。 17．Despite attempts to manage this waste, the Japanese government’s decision to discharge nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean has faced opposition from neighboring countries, Japanese residents, and international environmental organizations. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】尽管日本政府试图管理这些废物，但将核废水排放到太平洋的决定遭到了邻国、日本居民和国际环境组织的反对。 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。despite意思为：尽管，attempts to manage this waste意思为：试图管理过这些废物；主语为the Japanese government’s decision，意思为：日本政府的决定， to discharge nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean为不定式作后置定语修饰名词decision，意思为：将核废水排放到太平洋，has faced opposition意思为：遭到了反对，has faced是谓语，opposition是宾语，from neighboring countries, Japanese residents, and international environmental organizations修饰opposition，意思为：来自邻国、日本居民和国际环境组织的。故翻译为：尽管日本政府试图管理这些废物，但将核废水排放到太平洋的决定遭到了邻国、日本居民和国际环境组织的反对。 18．Compared with other clean power sources such as solar, wind and hydro, nuclear power is more stable and cost-effective, Lin Boqiang, director of the China Center for Energy Economics Research at Xiamen University, told the Global Times. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】厦门大学中国能源经济研究中心主任林伯强在接受《环球时报》采访时表示，与其他清洁能源如太阳能、风能和水能相比，核能更加稳定且成本效益更高。 【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，该句为非谓语动词作状语以及主系表结构。Compared with other clean power sources such as solar, wind and hydro为非谓语动词中的过去分词短语作状语，意为“与其他清洁能源如太阳能、风能和水能相比”；nuclear power为句子的主语，意为“核能”，is为系动词，more stable and cost-effective为形容词短语作表语，意为“更加稳定且成本效益更高”；director of the China Center for Energy Economics Research at Xiamen为Lin Boqiang的同位语，意为“厦门大学中国能源经济研究中心主任”；told the Global Times意为“在接受《环球时报》采访时表示”。故翻译为：厦门大学中国能源经济研究中心主任林伯强在接受《环球时报》采访时表示，与其他清洁能源如太阳能、风能和水能相比，核能更加稳定且成本效益更高。 19．It is the world’s first fourth-generation (4G) nuclear power plant and uses China’s fully independent intellectual property rights, reflecting the nation’s global leading position in 4G nuclear power technology, said the NEA．(英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】国家能源局表示，这是世界上第一座第四代（4G）核电站，采用了中国完全独立的知识产权，体现了中国在4G核电技术领域的全球领先地位。 【详解】考查英译汉。此处It is the world’s first fourth-generation (4G) nuclear power plant表示“这是世界上第一座第四代（4G）核电站”；and连接并列结构；uses China’s fully independent intellectual property rights表示“采用了中国完全独立的知识产权”；现在分词短语reflecting the nation’s global leading position in 4G nuclear power technology表示“体现了中国在4G核电技术领域的全球领先地位”，作状语；said the NEA翻译为“国家能源局表示”。故翻译为国家能源局表示，这是世界上第一座第四代（4G）核电站，采用了中国完全独立的知识产权，体现了中国在4G核电技术领域的全球领先地位。 20．This winter, the city of Harbin has spared no effort to show sincerity and creativity in entertaining, if not spoiling, tourists from all over the world. (英译汉) ______________________ 【答案】这个冬天，哈尔滨市不遗余力地以真诚和创意款待，甚至可以说是宠爱，来自世界各地的游客。 【详解】考查故顶搭配和非谓语动词。This winter是时间状语，译为“这个冬天”，主语是the city of Harbin“哈尔滨市”， spare no effort to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“不遗余力做某事”，在本句中谓语动词是has spared，宾语是no effort, to show sincerity and creativity in entertaining, if not spoiling, tourists from all over the world“以真诚和创意款待，甚至可以说是宠爱，来自世界各地的游客”是用不定式短语作后置定语，其中 if not spoiling“甚至可以说是宠爱”是用现在分词作状语。故本句翻译为：这个冬天，哈尔滨市不遗余力地以真诚和创意款待，甚至可以说是宠爱，来自世界各地的游客。 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要来自欧洲和中国。句中有谓语has，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰fine clocks，且动词originate(源于)和fine clocks是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故选A。 2．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. A．Trying B．Tried C．Having tried D．Having been tried 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在两个月的时间里，这位工程师对设计尝试了几次调整，最终成功地构建了一个高效的系统。本句谓语为succeeded，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the engineer与try“尝试”为主动关系，且此处强调动作try发生在谓语succeeded之前，应用现在分词的完成式having tried，作状语。故选A。 3．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选C。 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A．Dating B．Being dated C．To date D．To be dated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有200多年的历史。date back to“追溯到，始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词，没有被动语态；根据句中已有谓语动词has，且无连词，可知此处要用非调语动词，此处是现在分词形式作状语。故选A。 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again. A．allowing B．being allowed C．having allowed D．having been allowed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是have returned，allow用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills. A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师，因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.，意为“雇佣某人做某事”，根据句意，故选B。 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views. A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show. A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中，have表示“使……处于……状态”。______ for 10 minutes作伴随状语，其逻辑主语the audience和clap之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故选D。 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth. A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. A．Having completed B．Being completed C．Completed D．Completing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A．Learn B．Learned C．Learning D．Having learned 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动名词作主语，故选C。 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. A．To study B．Studying C．Having studied D．Studied 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑主谓关系，且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前，应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。 16．（2019·天津·高考真题）The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed ________ out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take C．to be taken D．taking 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。 17．（2018·天津·高考真题）Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ______ what she thought was necessary. A．ordered B．ordering C．to have ordered D．having been ordered 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：泰勒太太逛了商店，订购了她认为必要的东西。分析句子可知，Mrs. Taylor 与order在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选B项。 18．（2018·天津·高考真题）There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知，money与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。 19．（2018·天津·高考真题）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A．to eat；to try B．eating；trying C．eating；to try D．to eat； trying 【答案】D 【详解】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。 20．（2018·天津·高考真题）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A．taking B．taken C．being taken D．take 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。 21．（2017·天津·高考真题）The speaker, ______for her wonderful speeches, will deliver a lecture in our school next week. A．to know B．being known C．known D．knowing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位以精彩演讲著称的演讲者将于下周在我们学校发表演讲。句子的谓语为will deliver，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，be known for为固定短语，意为“以……而闻名”，需用过去分词形式作状语。故选C。 22．（2017·天津·高考真题）The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A．being allowed B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行；C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生；D. allowed表示被动且完成，故选B。 23．（2017·天津·高考真题）I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________. A．catching B．caught C．to catch D．to be caught 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”，根据固定结构Sb have sth to do某人有某事要做，在本句中to do由主语完成，故选C。 24．（2017·天津·高考真题）________ more about amazing animal facts, he made a trip to the nearby nature reserve. A．Finding out B．Found out C．To find out D．Being found out 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了了解更多关于神奇动物的事实，他去了附近的自然保护区。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故选C。 25．（2016·天津·高考真题）The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A．making B．to make C．made D．being made 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。本句描述的是一种顺理成章的结果。故选A。 26．（2015·天津·高考真题） ______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. A．To absorb B．To be absorbed C．Absorbed D．Absorbing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语，省略be动词，故选C。 27．（2015·天津·高考真题）__________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。 28．（2014·天津·高考真题）Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit A．to find B．found C．finding D．having found 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她焦急地从包里拿出裙子试穿，结果却发现不合身。only +动词不定式，表示意想不到的结果。found是过去分词，常常表示被动和完成的含义；finding是现在分词，常常表示主动和进行；having found 是-ing的完成式，表示动作发生在先。故选A。 29．（2014·天津·高考真题）Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A．writing B．to write C．written D．being written 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。 30．（2013·天津·高考真题） In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _______in daily conversations. A．using B．to use C．having used D．used 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些语言，100个词汇就占了日常会话中的一半词汇。这是非谓语动词做定语，words与use之间存在被动关系，所以选D。A表示正在发生，B表示将来，C表示非谓语动作先于谓语动作发生，D表示被动和完成。非谓语动词做定语用法的区别在于时间：to do表将来，doing表现在，done表被动或完成。故选D。 31．（2012·天津·高考真题）He got up late and hurried to his office, _______ the breakfast untouched. A．left B．to leave C．leaving D．having left 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他起晚了，没有吃早饭就匆忙赶往办公室。he与leave是主谓关系，即他让......处于某种状态，应该用现在分词表伴随状况，排除A、B；“hurried”和“leaving”两个动作是同时发生的，当两个动作有时间先后关系时，需要使用现在分词的完成式，排除D；leave the breakfast untouched没有动早餐，故选C。 32．（2011·天津·高考真题）______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A．Translating B．Translated C．To translate D．Having translated 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被译为英语，句子被发现有一个完全不一样的句序。在同主语的主从复合句中，当从句的主语和谓语是主动关系，用现在分词表示主动关系，当从句的主语和谓语是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动。句中逻辑主语the sentence与translate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故选B。 33．（2011·天津·高考真题）Passengers are permitted ________ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A．to carry B．carrying C．to be carried D．being carried 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：乘客只被允许带一件手提行李上飞机。此处是短语：permit sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，被动语态是：sb. be permitted to do。故选A。 34．（2010·天津·高考真题）It rained heavily in the south，________serious floods in several provinces. A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾。空格后serious flooding是rained heavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。故选C。 35．（2009·天津·高考真题）________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A．Being encouraged B．Encouraging C．Encouraged D．Having encouraged 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被科技的进步鼓舞着，很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语，encourage和这句话的主语many farmers是被动关系，用过去分词做状语。故选C。 36．（2009·天津·高考真题）______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends. A．Competing B．Having completed C．To have completed D．To complete 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了及时完成这个项目，员工们周末都在工作。根据后句the staff were working at weekends.可知，在周末一直在工作的目的就是按时完成工程，所以用不定式做目的状语。故选D。 37．（2008·天津·高考真题）________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A．To throw B．Thrown C．Being thrown D．Throwing 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空，他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知，逗号前的部分充当状语，故用非谓语动词，the fans和throw是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$