Unit 5 Section 3 Lesson 1—Language Points(教用Word)-【赢在微点·轻松课堂】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（北师大版）

Section 3　Lesson 1—Language Points 阳光晨读新知先学 　 固基础须牢记 A组　基础词准确填写 1.wave n. 海浪;波涛 2.escape vi.& vt.逃离;逃避 3.file n. 档案,卷宗 4.float vi. 浮;漂 5.tidal adj. 潮汐的,潮水的 6.mystery n. 神秘事物,难以理解的事物 7.soul n. 灵魂 8.edge n. 边缘 9.barrel n. 桶 10.tube n. 圆管,管子;(伦敦)地铁 11.extent n. 面积;长度;范围;程度 B组　派生词精准变形 1.survive v. 活下来;幸存→survival n. 幸存,幸存物→survivor n. 幸存者 2.poetry n. 诗歌;作诗的艺术→poem n. 诗→poet n. 诗人 3.frightened adj. 受惊的,害怕的→frighten v. 恐吓,威胁→frightening adj. 令人感到害怕的 4.horrible adj. 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的→horribly adv. 可怕地,恐怖地→horror n. 恐怖,惊恐 5.curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv. 好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心 6.observation n. 观察,观察结果→observe v. 观察→observer n. 观察者 7.equal adj. 相等的;相同的→equally adv. 相等地,同样地→equality n.相等,相同,平等 C组　重点短语双向记 1.on the edge of 在……边缘,某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)  2.the moment 一……就……  3.become curious about 对……变得好奇  4.come back from 从……回来 5.be covered with 覆盖着 6.risk doing 冒险做 7.all at once 突然间;刹那 8.in tears 流泪;含泪 9.cry out 大声呼喊 10.after a while 过了一会儿 11.pick up 接载;搭载 12.tie ... to ... 把……系/拴到…… 13.in the direction of 朝……的方向 14.at great speed 以高速 创意课堂高效学习 重点词汇 1.wave n. 海浪;波涛　v. 挥手,招手 ①Enid waved at us and we waved back. 伊妮德向我们挥手,我们也向她挥手。 ②They wave to us to stay where we were. 他们向我们挥手,要我们留在原地。 ③Dee watched the waves breaking on the shore. 迪伊凝视着拍岸的波涛。 ④The nurses came out to wave the patient goodbye/wave goodbye to the patient.  护士们出来跟那个病人挥手道别。 ⑤She felt a wave of panic, but forced herself to leave the room calmly.   她感到一阵惊慌,但是强迫自己镇静地离开了房间。 2.to escape 逃离(教材P30) ◆escape v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离,逃避,摆脱; 被遗忘;未被注意 n. 逃跑;溢出;漏出 写出①—④句中黑体词汇的汉语意思 ①When the fire broke out, the hotel guests tried their best to escape from the burning building. 逃跑;逃脱 ②There’s gas escaping from the pipe. Can you smell it? 漏出,流出 ③I’d met her before, but her name escaped me. 被遗忘掉 ④The two passengers escaped serious injury. 逃避 ⑤They had a lucky escape when a car crashed into the front of their house. 一辆汽车迎面撞上了他们的房子,他们没有受伤真是幸运。 ⑥It might have escaped your notice, but I’m very busy at the moment.  也许你没注意到,可我此刻忙得不可开交。 3.to survive a storm 在暴风雨中幸存下来(教材P30) ◆survive vi.& vt. 活下来;幸存 ①As far as I know, the old man survived the earthquake, but nobody knew how he survived. Finally, he survived his wife by 10 years. 据我所知,这位老人在地震中幸免于难,但是没有人知道他是如何幸存下来的。最后,他比他的妻子多活了10年。 ②Life isn’t about how to survive the storm; it’s about learning to dance in the rain. 生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存,而在于学会在雨中曼舞。 ③I don’t know how you all manage to survive on so little money. 我不知你们如何靠这么少的钱生存下来的。 ④Some interesting customs have survived from ancient times. 一些有趣的风俗已经从古代流传下来。 ⑤After the plane crashed, what all the survivors (survive) could do was to wait for rescue. 飞机坠机后,所有幸存者只能等待救援。 4.The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. 当我听到这个词的时候,我变得非常害怕。(教材P30) ◆frightened adj. 受惊的,害怕的 ①The news was frightening and they were all frightened. (fright) 这个消息令人恐惧,他们都吓坏了。 ②I’m frightened of walking home alone at midnight. 我害怕深更半夜独自走回家。 ③Much to our joy,the dog frightened the thief away. 令我们非常开心的是,狗把小偷吓跑了。 ④I didn’t mean to frighten you into leaving (leave) the club. 我没有要吓唬你离开俱乐部的意思。 5. ... when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. ……当我们处于漩涡的边缘的时候,我感觉到我比当我们朝它移动时更镇静了。(教材P31) ◆edge n. 边缘;刀口;刃,利刃;优势 on the edge of 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) have/gain an edge on/over 比……占优势;胜过 ①The sun was pushing its way over the edge of the world. 太阳在天边缓缓升起。 ②I bought a knife which has a sharp edge. 我买了一把刀子,很锋利。 ③I can’t beat you at tennis, but I have/gain an edge on/over you in ping-pong.  我打网球不如你,但打乒乓球我比你强。 6.After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. 过了一会儿,我对漩涡本身感到好奇。(教材P31) ◆curious adj. 好奇的 ①Children are full of curiosity (curious) about the new campus. 孩子们对新的校园非常好奇。 ②The letter wasn’t written to me but I opened it out of curiosity.  那封信不是写给我的,然而我出于好奇把它打开了。 ③I’m curious to know (know) why the teacher kept him in the office after school.  我很想知道老师为什么放学后把他留在办公室。 ④Curiously (curious) enough, he seems to have known what he will do next. 奇怪的是,他似乎已经知道了他下一步要做什么了。 7.I then made three important observations. 接下来,我有了三个重要的观察结果。(教材P31) ◆observation n. 观察,观察结果 observe vt. 观察(到),注视,遵守,庆祝 ①The policeman observed the thief enter the bank. →The thief was observed to enter the bank.  警察看到小偷进了银行。(变为被动) (规律:在主动句中,用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,在变为被动句之后,要把to还原。) ②Mr. Wang observed a man unlocking (unlock) his door when he returned home. 当王先生回到家时,他看到一个人正在开他家的锁。 ③We still observe the custom of making zongzi at the Dragon Boat Festival. 我们仍然遵循在端午节包粽子的习俗。 ④Thanksgiving Day is observed (observe) as a general holiday by the American people.  美国人普遍将感恩节作为节日来庆祝。 ⑤Though he is making a recovery, he is still in hospital under observation.  虽然他正在康复,但仍在医院接受观察。 8. ... between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down more rapidly ... ……在两个相同面积的物体之间,圆形物体下降速度较快……(教材P31) (1)equal adj. 相等的;相同的　v. 等于,抵得上　n. 同等的人,相等物 提醒　(1)equal用作形容词,意为“相同的;相等的”,be equal to表示“等于;能胜任;能应付”,其中的to是介词,其后接动词时应用动名词形式。 (2)equal用作名词,意为“相等的事物;(地位等)相同的人”等,是可数名词。 ①My deskmate equals me in English, but her physics is better. 我的同桌和我英语水平差不多,但她的物理比我好。 ②They are of equal height, but I think Robert is equal to the job. 虽然他们一般高,但我认为罗伯特能胜任这项工作。 ③His paintings are without equal in the Western countries. 他的画在西方国家首屈一指。 (2)extent n. 面积;长度;范围;程度 ④He had changed to such an extent that I no longer recognized him. 他变得我简直认不出了。 ⑤We all do to some extent remember the good times and forget the bad.  我们在某种程度上都会记住美好时光而忘记不愉快的事情。 ⑥Its success will depend to a large extent on their attitudes.  此事的成功在很大程度上取决于他们的态度。 重点句式 1.It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white. 用了不到一天的时间,我的头发就从黑色变成了白色。(教材P30) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 微点　It takes/took sb. some time/money to do sth. 某人花了多长时间/多少金钱做某事 其他表示“花费”的表达有: spend time/money on sth. 花时间/金钱于某物上 spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花时间/金钱做某事 pay money for sth. 为某物/事付钱 sth. cost sb. money/time某物/某事花费某人金钱/时间 ①We spent two days on the train. 我们在火车上待了两天。 ②He spent $200 on his new bike. 他花了200美元买了辆新自行车。 ③This dictionary cost her $10. 这本字典花了她10美元。 ④I paid ￡12 for this novel. 这本小说我花了12英镑。 ⑤He spent a month getting to his destination. 他花了一个月的时间到达目的地。 2.The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. 当我听到这个词的时候,我变得非常害怕。(教材P31) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 微点　the moment “一……就……”,名词词组作连词,相当于as soon as,相同意思的词或短语还有: (1)the minute/second/instant (2)directly/immediately/instantly (3)no sooner ... than ... hardly/scarcely ... when ... 在此结构中no sooner和hardly/scarcely所在的主句中谓语动词通常用过去完成时,而than和when引导的从句中谓语动词通常用一般过去时,此外, no sooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时,主句应用部分倒装。 ①Tell him the news the moment you meet Tom. 你一遇见汤姆,就告诉他这个消息。 ②Be careful! The machine starts immediately you press the button. 小心!这台机器一按按钮就会启动。 ③I had hardly got home when it began to rain. →Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我刚一到家,天就下起了雨。 循环微练 所有加黑体词汇是UNIT 5 Section 1的词汇重现,如有遗忘,请及时巩固。 维度1　单词的正确形式 1.You are very lucky to escape (逃避) being punished. 2.The dolphin was hurt heavily but luckily it survived (幸存) at last. 3.Look out! You are standing on the edge (边缘) of the hill. 4.He went to pray for the soul (灵魂) of his dead wife. 5.The little girl was frightened (受惊的) by the big shark. 6.When the hurricane comes, it always forms a whirlpool (漩涡) in the sea. 7.The small room is crowded with many files (档案). 8.After the flood, some trees floated (漂;浮) on the surface of the river. 9.I need a tube (管子) to water the flowers in the park. 10.We saw a monster eating a man in a horrible (可怕的) movie. 维度2　固定搭配和句式 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面的句子(每空一词)。 1.The boys were in danger because they were on the edge of (在……边缘) the whirlpool. 2.It took me an hour to work out the problem (算出了这道题). 3.The moment (一……就) I saw the snake, I became frightened. 4.He was curious about (对……好奇) the cave and entered it. 5.You shouldn’t treat your parents in such a way (以这样一种方式). 学语言表达 1.学细节描写 文章按照情感线和情节线两线发展,叙述了作者在海上所经历的一次可怕的暴风雨,九死一生。 情节线:捕鱼返回途中遭遇暴风雨→落入海中→靠近漩涡→以为即将死去→观察漩涡→将自己绑到桶上跳入海中自救→天放晴漂到其他海域被渔民救起 coming back from the islands ... we were in a terrible storm→fell into the sea→in the direction of the whirlpool→went over the edge→made three important observations→tied myself to a barrel to help me float→jumped into the sea to try and escape→a boat picked me up 情感细节描写 情感线:惊恐(frightened)→绝望(hopeless)→平静(calmer)→绝望(desperate)→好奇(curious)→解脱;如释重负(relieved) I became very frightened →We were hopeless.→I felt calmer →I thought my life was over. →I became curious about the whirlpool itself→A boat picked me up 环境细节描写 文中从一开始暴风雨开始时的乌云密布,中间描述暴风雨和漩涡可怕的速度。最后描写暴风雨结束后风平浪静,明月高悬的美景。 ·All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds ... ·We were going round in circles at great speed. ·Then the sky was clear, the wind calmer, and the moon was shining. 【微练1】　尝试仿效上文中的描写方式补全短文,并背诵 It was ①a cold night (一个寒冷的夜晚), and ②the sky was covered with black clouds (天上乌云密布). Someone pounded on the front door. Mom? Dad? Where were they? She slipped out of bed and tiptoed downstairs. An unfamiliar figure showed through the glass in the front door. ③She felt a wave of anger (她感到一阵愤怒), but it lasted no more than a second. Then ④she was frightened (她感到恐惧). Mom’s voice echoed inside her head. “Remember, don’t answer the door when we’re away.” She pressed her back against the wall, asking herself: what should I do?   学行文结构 本文分为五个段落,分别讲述了灾难来临时,作者及家人被卷入暴风雨的漩涡中,作者在险境中努力地挣扎,最终脱离了险境的过程。 1.文章体现了很明显的“总—分—总”的写作手法 (1)总:第一段作者提到“something terrible happened to me”,开门见山,引出话题——一次糟糕的经历。 (2)分:第二、四段中用“A huge wave covered our boat”; “The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.”; “So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.”以及“I jumped into the sea to try and escape”突出了“我”当时处境的危险并描述了后来想办法自救的过程。 (3)总:第五段中用“In the end, a boat picked me up.”表明最终“我”得救了。 2.恰当过渡衔接 本文中利用all at once, suddenly, after a while, so, soon after that, then, in the end, now等衔接词使叙述连贯。 【微练2】　尝试用恰当的过渡衔接词补全下面的短文 At eight o’clock, we set off and reached the destination by bus. The park was large and beautiful, where there were various animals, such as pandas, parrots, tigers, monkeys, deer, elephants, etc. ①At first, under the guidance of the keepers, we played with some animals happily. ②Then, we watched an interesting movie about animals. ③Finally/At last/In the end, we listened to a lecture on protecting endangered animals.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$