专题10 击破状语从句和名词性从句专项语法训练（知识网络+考点考法+考点练透)-备战2025年高考英语语法填空专项训练

专题10 击破状语从句和名词性从句专题语法专项训练 击破目录 第一部分 状语从句和名词性从句基础知识网络 1 一．近3年高考题中出现状语从句和名词性从句考点统计表 1 二．状语从句的基本知识 2 三．名词性从句的基本知识 22 第二部分 状语从句和名词从句的考点考法 40 一．状语从句命题规律和备考策略 40 二．名词性从句的考点考法 41 第三部分 状语从句和名词性从句考点练透 43 一．高考真题34题 43 二．高考模拟试题51题 46 第1部分 状语从句和名词性从句基础知识网络 一．下面是近3年高考题中出现状语从句和名词性从句考点统计表 时间 卷次 语法填空 合计 2024年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now Wyoming（答案为what） 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 And when __16__ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret（答案为asked） 1 浙江卷 that’s 59 they’ll promote（答案为what） 1 2023年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 This is    42   they need an English trainer.（答案为why） 1 全国甲卷 0 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 When__14__(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid（答案为seen） 1 浙江卷 0 2022年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 0 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 0 浙江卷 Cobb invited her to speak   62   she could do so remotely（答案为whether/if） 1 二．状语从句的基本知识 在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或整个主句。按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。引导状语从句的连词被称为从属连词，状语从句需用陈述语序，可位于复合句的句首或句末。 根据状语从句在句中的不同作用可分为如下9种：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。 如： 1. We work in Beijing.我们在北京工作。（“in Beijing” 作地点状语修饰谓语“work”.） 2. We are learning English now.我们正在学英语。（“now” 作时间状语修饰谓语“are learning”） 3. She reads English loudly.她大声地朗读英语。（副词“loudly”作方式状语修饰谓语“reads”） 4. Helmets are made to protect our brain. 头盔是用来保护我们的大脑的。（不定式“to prevent”作目的状语修饰谓语“are made”） 5. He works very hard. 他工作非常努力。（副词“very”作程度状语修饰“副词”“hard” ） It is a very beautiful picture.它是一幅非常美丽的图画。（“very” 修饰形容词beautiful） 6. Unluckily, he didn‘t pass the exam. 很不幸，他没通过考试。（副词“unluckily”作状语，用来修饰“整个句子”） 状语从句位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，前面一般不用逗号。 I feel very happy when you come to see me. When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连接词有: when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, once, till, until, whenever, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely...when, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time, any time, the first time, next time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly 等。 （一）when, while, as的用法 1.when 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时；在……期间” when引导的时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，when既可以指时间段也可指时间点，从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词，且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。且when引导的时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。 When she came out of the room, she changed her mind. 她走出房间时，改变了想法。 I will call you when I get there.我到那的时候会给你打电话的。 When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 当我回家的时候我的妻子在做晚饭。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left. 当我到达机场时，客人已经离开。 2.while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时;与……同时；在……期间” while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，或者强调主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，此时主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。记住，从句中始终是延续性动词，且从句多用进行时态。（while还可以表示对比，译成“然而”，放在句首可以表示“虽然”） Would you please look after my pet while I was away? 在我离开时，能请你照看我的宠物吗？ I met her while I was at school.我在学校时遇见她了。   Study while you study; play while you play.该学就学，该玩就玩。 3.as 引导时间状语从句，意为“正当；一边……一边……；随着” We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。 As we were going out, it began to snow. 当我们出门时,开始下雪了。 4.when, while , as 辨析 （1）as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。 Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。 （2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 干完活后，你可以休息一下。 （3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when或while。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。 5.when, while , as 知识拓展 (1) when引导时间状语从句用于下列句型中，意为：这时 be doing … when … 正在做……这时…… be about to do … when … 正打算做……这时…… had done … when … 刚做完……这时…… I was doing my homework when the phone rang. 我正在写作业，这时电话响了。 (2) while有时还可以表示对比，意为：而；然而 I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。 （二）before, after的用法 1.before引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前,常翻译为在“……之前”，“……才……”或“……就……”。 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。 Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。 2.after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后 I will tell you after they leave. 他们走我再告诉你。 After you finish the letter show it to me．信写完后给我看看。 3.before, after的知识拓展 before 用于下列句型中表示两件事的先后关系： It will be + 时间段 + before … 还要过多久……才…… It won’t be long + before … 要不了多久……就…… It was + 时间段 +before … 过了多久……才…… It wasn’t long + before … 过了没多久……就…… It will be ten days before we meet again. 还要过十天我们才能再次见面。 It won’t be long before we meet again. 要不了多久我们就能再次见面了。 It was half a month before they finished the work. 过了半个月他们才完成工作。 It wasn’t long before they finished the work. 过了没多久他们就完成了工作。 （三）since的用法 1.since引导的时间状语从句表示“自从……以来” （1）引导时间状语从句时，一般指的是“从过去的某一时间点以来”的概念，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时，主句用完成时。 I have never seen him again since he left here. 自从他离开那里之后我就再也没有见到他了。 They have been friends ever since they were in school. 他们从上学开始就是朋友了。 2.若表示到过去某一时间前的情况，则主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。通常搭配为it was+时间段+since 过去完成时或it is+时间段+since过去时。 It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。  It was three years since we had been there. 我们在那已经有三年了。  3.延续性动词相反翻译，瞬间性动词正常翻译 It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我不抽烟三年了。  It is three years since I left there.我离开那里已经三年了。 4.since的知识拓展 (1) 常用句型：It is/ has been + 时间段 + since 从句。常翻译为：自从……有多长时间了。 It is three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来有三年了。 (2) since 引导的从句谓语为终止性动词，则表示这动作的开始，按字面意思理解。since引导的从句谓语动词为延续性动词，且为一般过去时时，则表示这动作的终止，按与字面意思相反的意思理解。 He has studied very hard since he came to our school. （came是终止性动词） 自从他来到我们学校就一直努力学习。 It is three years since I smoke(= since I stopped smoking). (延续性动词) 我不吸烟已有三年了。 如果译成“我吸烟已有三年了”应为： It is three years since I began to smoke.(终止性动词) （四）until / till的用法 1.until / till 引导时间状语从句 (1) 主句是肯定句时，主语的谓语用延续性动词，指动作一直持续到从句谓语动作发生为止，意为“直到……” I waited until/ till my mum came back. 我一直等，直到我妈妈回来。 (2) 主句是否定句时，主句的谓语用短暂性动词，指动作一直到从句谓语动作发生时才开始，意为“直到……才……” I didn't work until he came back. 直到他回来，我才开始工作。 (3) till不可置于句首， until可以。 Until you told me I had no idea of it. 直到你告诉我，我才知道此事。 (4) 强调和倒装句中，not… until应视为一个整体，同时被强调 或置于句首。 正常式：He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 倒装式：Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed. 强调式：It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed. 直到完成作业，他才去睡觉。 （五）as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute的用法 1.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……” As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. 我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。 I’ll give you a reply immediately I finish the work. 我一完成工作就给你回复。 2.hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when/before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。 He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。 No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work. 太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。 Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。 （六）every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time，by the time引导时间状语从句的用法 1.every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time等引导时间状语从句，意为“每当……；每次……；下次……等。 Every/ Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 每次他来哈尔滨，总是来看我。 I felt bad the first time I gave the speech to a group. 第一次给旅游团讲解时我感觉很糟糕。 2.by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“……时，已经…… By the time you came back, I had finished this book. 到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。 在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。 二、地点状语从句 （一）地点状语从句通常由where, wherever，anywhere，no matter where 引导。 地点状语从句可置于句首， 也可置于句中。 1.where 引导的地点状语从句意为：在……的地方 Where he made mistakes, he admitted these willingly. 他在什么地方做错了事， 他都很乐于承认这些错误。 Where there is a will, there is a will. 有志者，事竟成。 2. wherever 引导的地点状语从句，意为：无论什么地方 Wherever he went he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas. 不管走到哪里他都随身携带着笔记本，随手写下自己的想法。 We’ll go wherever you say. 你说到哪里，我们就到哪里。 3. no matter where 也可引导地点状语从句。意为：无论什么地方 Keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are. 不管在哪里你都要带着手机。 4. everywhere 引导的地点状语从句 意为：任何地方。 Everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current United States champion. 不管他到哪里，人们都介绍他是当前美国冠军。 Everywhere they appeared there were ovations. 他们所到之处都有人欢呼。 温馨提示：where 引导的地点状语从句与where 引导的定语从句的区别： Where 引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的词作先行词， 而状语从句无需先行词。 如：This is the factory where her mother worked last year. （定语从句） Please go back to the city where you came from. （定语从句） 三、原因状语从句 在复合句中，由原因连接词引导的状语从句叫做原因状语从句。常用连词有：because, since, as, for, now that(既然), for the reason that(原因), in that(因为), not that…but that… (不是因为……而是因为……)等。原因状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句尾。 1.because引导原因状语从句，表示因果关系的语气最强，用来回答why 的问句，because引导的原因状语从句往往比主句显得更重要。 I like the book because it is very interesting. 我喜欢这本书，因为它很有趣。 2.since 引导原因状语从句，表示人们已知的事实，不需强调的原因，常翻译成：既然，因为。通常放于句首，since 引导的原因状语从句是次要的，重点是强调主句的内容。 Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office. 因为我受过比较好的教育，我得到了一份办公室的工作。 Since everyone is here, let’s begin the meeting. 既然每个人都到了，让我们开始开会吧。 3. as 引导的状语从句和since 的用法差不多，所引出的理由在说 话人看来已经是很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because 加以强调。 As Monday is the National Day, we needn’t go to work. 星期一是国庆节，我们不用上班。 5.now that引导原因状语从句与since相近，意为“既然”。Since 表示原先已存在的情况，而now that 表示现在才发生的情况。 Now that you have the chance you had better make use of it. 既然你有了机会，你最好利用起来。 6.for the reason that 引导原因状语从句，意为“……的原因”。in that中in的含义指“在……方面”，有限制作用。两者都指某一方面的原因或理由。 I often go to the concert for the simple reason that I love music. 我经常去听音乐会，原因很简单，那就是我喜欢音乐。 I like the city, but I prefer the country in that there’s fresher air. 我喜欢城市，但我更喜欢乡村，因为那里我更新鲜的空气。 7.not that… but that…引导原因状语从句，意为“不是因为……而是因为……” Not that I don't like the film, but that I have no time for it. 不是因为我不喜欢电影，而是因为我没有时间。 四、条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词有: if(如果), unless(=if…not 除非), as/so long as(只要), provided that (只要， 如果), on condition that(条件是), suppose/ supposing (that) (假如)，in case（如果，万一）等。 条 件状语从句可置于句首，也可以置于句中，有时候还可以置于主语和谓语之间。 （一） if引导条件状语从句意为： 如果。 If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will have a picnic. 如果明天天气好，我们将会吃野餐。 （二）unless意为：除非，如果不…… Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，否则比赛照常进行。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身，你 就不能及时赶到那儿。 温馨提示：unless 的意思相当于if ….not ….如：I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. = I shall go there tomorrow, if I’m not too busy. （三）so/as long as引导条件状语从句意为：只要 As/so long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll be able to find a way to overcome the difficulties. 只要我们不灰心，我们就就能找到克服困难的方法。 （四） provided/providing (that) 引导条件状语从句意为：只要，如果。 She agreed to go and work there provided/providing that her family could go with her. 如果她家人能随他同行，她同意去那里工作。 （五）on condition that引导条件状语从句意为：在…… 条件下， 以…… 为条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret. 我可以告诉你真想，条件是你答应保守秘密。 （六）suppose/supposing ( that ) 引导条件状语从句意为：假如。 Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假如明天你失业，你怎么办。 （七）in case引导条件状语从句意为：如果，万一， 放于句首。引导目的状语从句时，意为：目的是，以防，以免。放于句中。 In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. （条件状语从句） 如果我没回来他就到了，请让他等一等。 I’ll bring an umbrella in case it rains.我带上雨伞，以免下雨。 （目的状从） 五、目的状语从句 在复合句中，由目的连接词引导的状语从句叫做目的状语从句。常用连词有： so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that), lest等。目的状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句中。 （一）so that与in order that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了” so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后，而in order that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后。两者在从句中常与can, may, could, might等情态动词连用。 We climbed high so that we might get a better view. 我们爬得很高以便于能见到更好的景色。 The teacher raised his voice in order that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 老师提高了声音以便坐在后排的学生能听得清楚。 so that + 句子，in order that + 句子，so as to + V，in order to + V引导的目的状语从句可互换。 I went to college so that I might further my education. = I went to college in order that I might further my education. = I went to college so as to further my education. = I went to college in order to further my education. 我来到大学为了进一步学习。 （二）for fear (that) 引导目的状语从句，意为“唯恐；以防；以免”。表示生怕某种不好的事情发生。从句常用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形。若表示可能实现或可能发生的事情，也可不用虚拟。 He is studying hard for fear that he should fail. 他努力学习以免考试不过。 Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把门关上，以免下雨。 （三）in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防；目的是” Take a hat with you in case the weather is very hot. 你最好把帽子戴上，以防天气很热 （4） lest引导目的状语从句，意为“以防；为了不”。表示否定目 的，后常用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形。 He hid the money lest it should be stolen. 他把钱藏起来唯恐被人偷去。 六、结果状语从句 在复合句中，由结果连接词引导的状语从句叫做结果状语从句。常用连词有： so that, so… that …, such… that …。结果状语从句一般置于句中。 （一）so that 引导结果状语从句，意为“所以；因此；以便” We moved to the country so that we were away from the noisy and dull city. 我们搬到乡下，所以我们远离了吵闹，单调的城市。 （二）so… that…和such … that…引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……” Lisa left home so hurriedly that she left her cell phone at home. 丽萨出门太匆忙了，以至于将手机忘在家里了。 These were such difficult questions that none of us could answer. 这些问题如此难，以至于我们每人能回答。 （3） so… that…和such … that…引导结果状语从句，引导的句子中可以构成如下结构： 形容词/ 副词 many/ few ( + 可数名词复数 ) so + many/ little ( + 不可数名词 ) + ( that+ ) 从句 形容词 + a/ an 可数名词单数 a/ an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + ( that + ) 从句 形容词 + 不可数名词 Mary is so lovely a girl that we all like to play with her. Mary is such a lovely girl that we all like to play with her. 凯西是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至于我们都喜欢跟她玩。 little 表“小，可爱”时，用 such 不用 so 修饰。 He is such a little boy that his patents often teach him something. 七、方式状语从句 在复合句中，由方式连接词引导的状语从句叫做方式状语从句。常用连词有：as, just as, as if, as though, (in) the way (that)。方式状语从句一般位于句中。 （一）as, just as等引导方式状语从句，意为“就像；依照；正如”。通常位于主句后。(just) as… so…结构位于句首时，as从句带有比喻的含义，意为“正如……；就像……” Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎么样待你，你就要怎样待人。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑落后的东西。 （二）as if / as though引导方式状语从句，两者的意义和用法相同，意为“仿佛……. 似的”。引导状语从句的谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。 He sings as if/ though he were a famous singer. 他唱得仿佛他就是一为著名的歌唱家似的。 He talks as if he is drunk. 从他谈话来看他是喝醉了。 （三）(in) the way (that)也常引导方式状语从句，意为“以……方式” He doesn’t speak the way I do. 他不像我那样说话。 八、比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, as…… as, not as/so …as …等引导。比较状语从句一般位于句中。 （一）than 引导的比较状语从句意为: 比。 You sing better than I do. 你的歌唱得比我好。 She arrived back from vacation a day earlier than expected. 她外出度假，比预期的时间提前一天返回家中。 （二）as…as…引导的比较状语从句意为：和…一样的.否定句为: not as/so …as …, 意为: 不像…..一样的。 English is as important as Math. 英语和数学一样重要。 The work is not so easy as you think. 这工作不像你想象中那么简单。 温馨提示：注意两种特殊的表示比较的结构： 1. the more…the more…结构。 如：The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 你锻炼越多就会越健康。 2. A is to B what is C is to D 结构。 如：Engines is to machines what hearts are to animals. 发动机之于机器正如心脏之于动物。 Food is to men what oil is machines. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 九、让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有although/though(虽然；尽管), even if/though(即使；尽管), as,while(虽然、尽管), whether….or …(不管…; 无论…), whatever/no matter what(无论什么) （一） although和 though 引导让步状语从句意义一样，译为：虽然，尽管。 Although it’s raining, they still working in the field. 虽然下着雨，他们仍在田里干活。 She can play basketball well though she is young. 虽然他很年轻，他能打篮球打得很好。 温馨提示：Although/though一般情况下可以互换使用。Although 语气较重，大多置于句首。 Although/though 引导让步状语从句时，可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but 连用。though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。如：He said he would come; he didn’t though. （二）even though /even if 引导让步状语从句表示语气更强的让步，意为：即使。 She insisted on her opinion even though /even if she was wrong. 即使她错了，她仍然坚持自己的观点。 I wouldn’t do it even if you paid me a thousand pounds. 即使你付我一千英镑我也不干。 （三）as 引导的让步状语从句意为：虽然。 Try as he would, he could not get her out of his mind. 尽管他很努力，却不能把她忘怀。 Hard as he works, he make little progress. 虽然他很努力学习，但是没什么进步。 温馨提示：as引导让步状语从句时，必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语，状语，或动词原形。 倒装时如若带有冠词的名词，冠词需要省去。而though引导的从句也可以像as引导的从句用倒装语序，也可以不倒装。如：Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. = Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do. （四）while 引导让步状语从句意为：虽然， 尽管 While they are my neighbors, I don’t know them well. 虽然他们是我的邻居，我对他们却不太了解。 （五）Whether… or …引导让步状语从句意为：不论是否；不管是… 还是… You will have to attend the meeting whether you are free or busy. 不管忙不忙， 你都要参加这个典礼。 （六）wh – ever 引导让步状语从句时，这类词常可以换成：no matter + 相应的wh词。例如：no matter what / who /when/ which/how= whatever/ whoever/ whenever/ whichever/ however Whatever happened, he would not mind. 无论发生什么， 他多不会介意的。 = No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whoever you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是谁，都要遵守法律。 = No matter who you are, you must keep the law. 温馨提示：wh-ever 类的词除了引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句，而 no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如： Whatever (= no matter what ) you say, I won’t believe you. (引导让步状语从句whatever = no matter what) / I’ll eat whatever you give me. (whatever 引导宾语从句，此处不能用 no matter what) 三．名词性从句的基本知识 （1） 概念：名词性从句相当于名词词组，在复合句中起名词性 作用。 分类：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的 1）连接词：that, whether, if; 2） 关系代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever; 3) 关系副词：when, where, how, why. （二）要点及分类 名词性从句：以从句的形式作名词的成分→充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句 连接词：that(在及物动词后接的宾语从句中可以省略）、whether、if（在及物动词后接的宾语从句中可以用） 连接代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whomever、which、whichever、whose 连接副词：在从句中作状语 when、whenever、where、wherever、how、however、why 1.主语从句 （1）主语从句的概念： 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句做句子主语时主句的谓语常用单数，如： How we can get there in time remains unknown. That they will go is certain. Whatever he did was right. （2）主语从句的连接词： 主语从句的连词分三类  ①从属连词引导的主语从句  （that / whether  ）  that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That位于句首引导主语从句不常用。 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.                That she survived the accident is a surprise.  whether 引导的主语从句:  whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。  注意：引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。  Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.   Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.  If he will go to school is not decided. ( × ) ② 用连接代词引导的主语从句   在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever,  whomever, whichever, whatever 引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用， 担当一定成分. who ——Who will be sent there has not been decided.   Who will teach is not known. whom——Whom you invited is very important. what——What you need is more practice.  What you said is wonderful. which—— Which one is the best is not clear.  whose—— Whose book was lost is unknown. whoever ——Whoever comes will be welcome.  whomever—— Whoever you fell in love has nothing to do with me. Whoever made a mistake must be punished whatever——Whatever he did was right.    whichever——Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. ③用连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however引导的主语从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语)  例如:  when ——When we will leave school is uncertain   When they will come hasn’t been decided. where ——Where he has gone is a question.  Where we should leave it is a problem. why ——Why there is gravity is hard to understand.   how—How he can earn a living in Britain remains a big problem.  （3）it 作形式主语的主语从句  That he will win the match is certain.  That he has made a very important discovery in chemistry is true. That we won't spend the holiday is a pity. 对于以连词that引导的主语从句，有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分四种情况：  ①It is +名词+从句  It is a fact that +句子  事实是……； It is good news that+句子 ……是好消息； It is a question that +句子 ……是个问题； It is common knowledge that +句子…是常识，普遍认为........  类似的名词还有： a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。  It is a mystery to me how it all happened.  It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.  It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.   ②It is +形容词+从句  It is necessary that  ……有必要； It is clear that  ……很清楚； It is likely that  ……很可能； It is important that  ……重要的  类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely;  quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting;  astonishing, etc.  It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.  It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.  It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.  It is necessary that you should master the computer.   ③ It is +过去分词+从句  It is said that  据说…… It is reported that  据报道…… It has been proved that   已证明…… 类似的过去分词还有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted;  discussed; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear;  found out,etc.  例如： It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision  between two stars.   It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to  traffic.  ④ It +特殊动词+that从句 （turns out/seems/happened / appears / doesn’t matter / makes no  difference / occurs）that 主语从句不可提前 It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.       It does not matter if I missed my train.  It happened that I saw him yesterday. （4）主语从句中的虚拟语气　 ①It is insisted, suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, desirable, advisable, imperative…….that-clause ②It is important, necessary, natural, strange……that-clause ③ It is a pity, a shame, no wonder……that-clause Is it necessary that he (should) take the examination? It is strange that he (should) tell you this. A. would tell 2.表语从句 概念：表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句放在系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构是“主语十连系动词+表语从句”。 可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。 1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking. 2. The question remains whether we can win the people.  引导词：从属连词 that /whether/as/as if /as though/because 连接代词what / who /whom/which/whose/whatever/whoever/ whomever/whichever 连接副词 when / where/ why /how （1）That,whether引导的表语从句 The fact is that he didn’t notice the car till too late. One advantage of living in the country is that one can get close to nature. The question is whether we need more ice cream. （2）从属连词because, as, as if/as though等引导的表语从句。（区别于主语从句） Things are not always as they seem to be. 事情常常并不像看上去的那样。 It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。 That's because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。 It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案。 That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because...强调原因) That's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。 (That's why...强调结果) （3） 连接代词: who , whom, what , which , whose 及whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever引导表语从句，既保留原意，又在从句中担当句子成分。 The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。 The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。 （4）关系副词when,whenever,where,wherever, how, why等引导的表语从句。除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。 Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。 I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。 That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。 （5）表语从句注意点 ①表语从句一律用陈述句的语序. ②表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略. ③表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if 引导. ④不要使用 The reason … is because that … 句型, 应使用 The reason… is that… 或 This / it /that/is because…等句型. ⑤表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气　 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 3.同位语从句 概念：同位语从句是与先行词同位或同等的从句，先行词常为名词如news, fact, truth, conclusion, hope, decision, belief, opinion, view, feeling, suggestion, proposal等抽象名词。 注意：同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。例如：Where did you get the idea that I could not come? Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15, 2003. （1）that引导的同位语从句 有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句： We came to the decision that we must act at once. He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. There was little hope that he would survive. The fact that his health is falling is not true. I doubt the report that the ship sank on its first voyage. 以下名词常用于以上句型： advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, warning, wish, word (2)wh-引导的同位语从句 Have you any idea where there are having a rehearsal? 你知道我们在那排练吗？ The problem, where we should stay, is still unsolved. 我们呆在哪的问题还没有解决。 (3)同位语从句的割裂 有时同位语从句不是紧跟在与之同位的名词之后，而是被某些成分隔开。 Evidence that he committed the crime came up. Evidence came up that he committed the crime. Word came that their team had won the match. The conclusion that/ which/ X the police came to that Tom committed the crime didn’t satisfy us. (4)同位语从句的虚拟语气 在suggestion, advice, request, order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。例如： Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer. The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted. (5)注意：That引导的同位语与that引导的定语从句的区别 ①先行词的不同 引导定语从句的先行词可以是具体名词，也可以是抽象的名词。引导同位语从句的先行词一般只能是抽象的名词。 ②两个that的不同 引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主句和从句，先行词在从句中充当一个句子的成分。That指人或者指物。而同位语从句的that是连词，指起到连接主从句的作用，它不充任何当成分。 ③定语从句是形容词性的，它的功能是修饰先行词，描述它的性质或特征。同位语从句是名词性的，它的功能是对所说明的词作进一步说明解释的，就等同于先行词。 The news that we heard spread all over the school campus. The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the school campus. 4.宾语从句 (1)定义 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）和某些形容词的宾语。 (2)宾语从句的连接词 ①从属连词that, if , whether   that:无含义，在句中不做成分。引导单个宾语从句时，that可以省略。如果引导两个或两个以上宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，从第二个宾语从句起向后的从句中的that不能省。 I don’t think （that）she is coming. (可省) I don’t think it necessary that you should read English aloud. （不能省） He told me（that）his father had died and that he had to live alone. （第一个可省，第二个不可省） if，whether:  有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。  注意：引导宾语从句时（动词后面的宾语从句）二者可以换用。介词后的宾语从句，及紧跟or /or not 结构或不定式时，只能用whether. He wants to know whether or not you agree. He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. It all depends on whether they will do their best. ② 连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever,  whichever, whatever  I don't know who he is. I'll show you whatever you want to see. ③连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. You can visit wherever you want to go after you graduate. (3)用法 ①作动词宾语 Do you know whom they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？ He asked whose dictionary it was.他问这是谁的字典。 Please tell me when we shall discuss our plan. 注意： a.动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess, suppose, assume 等后有宾语补足语时，则要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. He has made it clear that he will not give in. b. hate, like, take, owe, have, take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to 表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。 如：I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. ②作介词的宾语 It depends on whether he is coming or not.这要看他是否会来。 I was curious as to what we could do next. 我想知道下一步我们该做什么。 注意： A.连词that引导的宾语从句很少作介词的宾语，只在in, except, but, besides介词后偶尔看到。形成固定搭配，in that在于（因为），but that要不是，except that除了……。 其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。 如：The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税过高是有害的，因为它可能使人不愿多赚钱。 He is a good student except that he is careless. You may depend on it that they will support you. B.其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，必须要it作形式宾语。 You may depend on it that I shall always help you. ③宾语从句的否定转移think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。(仅限于主语为第一人称） 如：I don't think you are right. I don't believe they have finished their work yet. I don't suppose he cares, does he? ④宾语从句中的特殊疑问形式（又称双重疑问句）                   在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前，构成特殊疑问形式，其构成为：                Wh-/ How do you + vt. +宾语从句的其他部分？                常见的用于此结构的动词think, believe, consider,  suppose, imagine, expect, guess, say等。    ⑤宾语从句中的虚拟 在动词insist（坚持）, order（命令），command (命令), suggest(建议) , advise（建议）, propose（建议），require（要求，需要）, desire（要求，渴望）, demand（要求）, request（要求）等词后的宾语从句中，不论主句谓语动词用何时态，宾语从句中的动词一律用“（should）+动词原形”。 She suggested that Robert (should) go to London and try to find a job there. 注意suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示“坚称”之意时，主从句时态相应一致，不用虚拟语气。 What he said suggested he was a doctor. He insisted that what he said was right. ⑥wh-疑问词引导宾语从句(who, what, which, whose, where, when,why等） A.wh-词充当动词宾语 They couldn’t understand why I refused. B.wh-词充当介词宾语 We are worrying about what we should do next. The listeners were much interested in how the girl had become an expert at raising rabbits. 注意：如果疑问词是介词宾语，介词一般可以谓语从句句首或者从句句末。 I didn’t know in which building they lived. =I didn’t know which building they lived in. C.wh-词充当形容词宾语 I wasn’t sure who was going to speak. ⑦时态的呼应与语序 在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则： a.如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态。 Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring？ They have no idea at all where he has gone． Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night？ b.如果主句谓语是一般过去时，宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态。 He said he would come to see us the next day. I wanted to know whether he had been to Beijing. c.如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等，不管主句是什么时态， 宾语从句一律用一般现在时。 Dick asked Lucy how old she is． The teacher said the sun rises in the east． 5.名词性从句注意事项 (1)that ①只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略 ②不充当介宾 ③引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。 (2)whether 与 if whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 主语从句 Whether he will come is unknown. 表语从句 The question is whether you should accept it. 同位语从句 The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided. (3)从句作介词的宾语 I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money. (4)直接跟不定式连用 She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. Wh-ever与no matter wh-的用法区别 Wh-ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导状语从句。no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句 Whatever she said, he wouldn’t listen to me. =no matter what she said, he wouldn’t listen to me》 What was said here must be kept secret. 在这所说的一切都要保密。 6.名词性从句与定语从句＆状语从句区别 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 定语从句有先行词,去掉从句,句子结构完整. 1. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers, which  has a great effect on my life. 2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home. 3. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night. 在复合句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句由从属连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，为陈述语序。除了引导宾语从句的连词that可省略外，其他连词一般不可省略。 名词性从句没有先行词,作主句的主语或宾语,去掉从句,句子结构不完整. 1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery. 2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job. 3. The problem is who will be equal to the task. 4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not. 状语从句，在复合句中作状语的从句，叫做状语从句。句子用作状语时，起副词作用。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 状语从句没有先行词,去掉从句,句子结构完整.还要明白什么是状语,时间、地点、原因、方式、目的等是状语,理解了状语,就明白了状语从句. 1. As I was getting on the bus, someone called me. 2. Every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor. 第二部分 状语从句和名词性从句的考点考法 一、状语从句命题规律和备考策略 1.近3年新高考对于状语从句的考查共计5次，主要考查： （一）状语从句的固定句型的考查出现3次。 （二）状语从句的引导词的考查出现2次。 2.状语从句备考策略 怎样学好状语从句？ 准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。 同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。 无论陈述语气还是疑问语气，均用陈述语序。 掌握状语从句的固定搭配的考点，还要掌握根据句子的意思选用合适的引导词的考点。 二、名词性从句的考点考法 1.功能 1.作主语： 主语从句：_____ he has got the scholarship is true.（答案为That） 2.作宾语： 宾语从句：Mr Li said __the earth goes around the sun. （答案为that ） 3.作表语： 表语从句：My idea is _____we should do it right away. （答案为that ） 4.作同位语 同位语从句：I got the impression_____ you are unhappy. （答案为that） 2.四种类型 1)主语从句： 1.that引导：______Tom should cheat me is disappointing. （答案为That ） 2.whether引导：____ we’ll have a picnic hasn’t been decided. （答案为Whether） 3.连接代词：___ you need is a good long vacation.（答案为What） 4.连接副词：_______ he arrives doesn’t matter. （答案为When） 5.形式主语： It happened _______ she was out when we called.（答案为that） It is reported ______ ten people were killed in the explosion. （答案为that） 2)宾语从句： 1.that引导： He insisted ______ we (should) accept the gifts.（答案为that） 2.whether /if引导： I doubt __________ he will come.（答案为whether /if） 3.连接副词：She inquired _____ we are getting on. （答案为how） 4.连接代词：He did _____ he could to comfort her. （答案为what） 5.形式宾语：I find it strange ____ she doesn’t want to travel. （答案为that） I hate it _____ people talk about me behind my back. （答案为when） 3)表语从句： 1.that引导： The trouble is ______ we are short of money.（答案为that） 2.whether引导： The question is ___ you will support me.（答案为whether） 3.连接副词：That’s _______ you are wrong. （答案为where） 4.连接代词：He is no longer ______ he used to be. （答案为what） 5.其他： That’s ______ she spoke French so well. （答案为why） 4)同位语从句： 1.that引导：There is no doubt ____ he is guilty. (紧跟抽象名词后)（答案为that） The story goes_______ she got promoted.(与名词分开)（答案为 that） He gave me some advice _____ I should read English every day.（答案为that） 2.whether引导：There is some doubt __________ he will come. （答案为whether） 3.连接副词: I have no idea ______ large the physical universe is. （答案为how） 4.连接代词：The question ______ will replace him is still not clear.（答案为who） 第三部分 状语从句考点练透 一．高考真题34题 1.【2024全国甲卷】On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. 2.【2024年北京卷】And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, who doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 3.【2024浙江1月卷】If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. 4.【2023▪新高考II卷】This is    42    they need an English trainer. 5.【2023年北京卷】 When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 6.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)He always participated to the best of his ability in ________ they were doing. 7.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)This research overturns the popular view ________ all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. 8.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)That was ________ none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross­country team. It just took him longer—that's all. 9.[2022全国II卷]I don't know ___________ to thank him. 10.(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was ________ their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise. 11.(2022·全国甲卷)I had no idea about ________ I'd find there and I wasn't nervous, I just wanted to do it. 12.(2022·全国甲卷)The realization ________ this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 13.【2022全国甲卷】The disagreement was ______ sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. 14.(2022·全国乙卷)It is believed ________ today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. 15.【2022全国乙卷】______ you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. 16.(2022·北京高考)This first contact was ________ my story began. 17.(2022·北京高考)It's easy to explain how we determine ________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 18.(2022·浙江高考)I wasn't sure ________ it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. 19.【2022年浙江1月卷】Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak   62   she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 20.【2021年全国Ⅰ卷】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59 （hot）the spring! Strange, isn’t it? 21. (2021全国Ⅰ卷) _______ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 22.【2021全国甲卷】In my opinion, _______ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly. 23.【2021全国乙卷】 It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. 24. (2020全国Ⅰ卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep crater s(环形山), more so ______ the familiar near side. 25. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) __________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 26. (2019全国Ⅰ卷) While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 27. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) On our way to the house, it was raining ______ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there. 28. (2018全国Ⅰ卷) The review says it is more effective at lengthening life ______ walking, cycling or swimming. 29. (2018全国Ⅲ卷) I’m not sure ______is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩). 30. (2016全国Ⅱ卷) So, get an early start and try to be as productive ____ possible before lunch. 31. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) Over time, ______ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. 32. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _____ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 33. (2014广东卷) I didn’t understand _____ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 34. (2012广东卷) The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ______ the boy would do. 二．高考模拟题51题 1.【浙江省台州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】You won't shock someone unnecessarily because the AED detects 62 __________ it's needed or not. 2.（23-24高三上·广东·期末）I found this extremely impressive and amazing since he hadn’t asked me 99 I had come to see him. 3.（2024·广东深圳·一模）The onlookers who watch them playing with great athleticism are amazed at 88 Chai and his fellow players can achieve. 4.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·阶段练习） 43 attracts Vladimirova most is Beijing’s historic hutong. 5.（2024·广东深圳·一模）The onlookers who watch them playing with great athleticism are amazed at 88 Chai and his fellow players can achieve. 6.（23-24高三上·广东·期末）I found this 98 (extreme) impressive and amazing since he hadn’t asked me why I had come to see him. 7.（23-24高三上·广东梅州·期末）By 1892 Diesel had obtained a patent for 117 we now call the diesel engine. 8.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习） Today the future of Dafen may depend on 154 it is able to earn respect of the art world. 9.（2024·广东肇庆·二模）Social connection is also 187 the elderly seek during their morning workout. 10.【2024届陕西省宝鸡市高三下学期三模考试英语试题】But 42 is less known is that the city is also the “coffee capital of China”. 11.（2024·广东广州·一模）The fact that skywells still exist today shows 9 clever ancient builders were in using nature's elements to create energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces. 12.（2023·广东广州·一模）Later, they were brought overseas to Japan and ancient Korca during the Tang Dynasty, which is 194 they are known as “Tang umbrellas”. 13.（2024·广东·二模） 163 makes the parade most exciting is the lion and dragon dance, representing the spirit of strength. 14.（2024·广东肇庆·二模）Social connection is also 117 the elderly seek during their morning workout. 15.（2023·广东广州·三模）Today the future of Dafen may depend on 254 it is able to earn respect of the art world. 16.【2023年江苏省高考第二次模拟考试卷（B）】To understand technology, one must know ___65___ it provides in terms of advantages and disadvantages. 17.【2023年江苏省高考第二次模拟考试卷（A）】Failure is a part of learning ____65____ we failed once, it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying when we encounter failures in life. 18.（2024·江苏连云港·二模）It is believed that Chinese knotting, also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages 21 writing was invented. 19.（2023·江苏·二模）During a given performance, drummers perform various dance moves while 167 (hold) the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands. 20.（2023·江苏南京·二模）That is 147 we decided to establish this youth theater group,” said Zhao Cong, head of the orchestra. 21.（2023·江苏·二模） What is shown in statistics is 137 a skydiving club saw a record-breaking single-day reception of 166 customers during this year’s Spring Festival holiday. 22.（2023·江苏南通·三模）You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or elsewhere to learn 129 tea is grown and harvested. 23.（2023·江苏·二模） It is not only a code or a tool, but a language that gives light and guidance when 110 (receive) in a proper way. 24.（2024·浙江·二模）Ban Zhao was born in Anling, near 34 is now modern Xianyang, Shaanxi province. 25.（2024·浙江温州·二模）But 23 is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. 26.（2024·浙江温州·二模） For another, some consumers may go against their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when 27 (ask) to submit comments. 27.（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Many civilian teams actively joined rescue work 4 China increased its aid to Turkey and neighboring Syria. 28.（2023·浙江·三模）Many of us are lucky enough to have lots of choices over 131 we eat. 29.（2023·浙江·三模） There is some evidence 140 , if you see pictures of food, the visual stimulation can prompt you to feel a desire to eat,” says Suzanne Higgs. 30.（2023·浙江·二模）Moreover, for those who love hiking, jogging or cycling, the Thousand Islands Lake in Chun’an County is an ideal destination 128 it takes pride in 1, 078 islands, winding roads and charming villages. 31.（2023·浙江·模拟预测）He said his province “will become a cultural center in Europe in the next ten months, 119 it is the first time that the Chinese Terracotta Warriors have been exhibited abroad since the (COVID-19) pandemic.” 32.【2024·江苏省连云港高三上学期11月期中】Here’s 58   the game is played. 33.【2024·浙江省台州市高三上学期第一次教学质量评估】Biangbiang noodles, are named for the “biang-ing” sound the noodles are said to make when 61 (beat) on the table as they are being formed. 34.【2024·江苏省苏州市高三上学期期末摸底调研】Once 37 (complete), the new national park will include 67 existing panda reserves. 35.【2024·江苏省决胜新高考高三上学期12月大联考】56 modem medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. 36.【广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三试题】 45 burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for moment if you can. 37.【2024·江苏省南菁高中、常州一中高三上学期12月阶段考试】Meanwhile, 44 some people said they can taste the flavor of the liquor but not the actual alcohol, others said that they clearly felt dizzy after drinking the coffee. 38.【2024·江苏省苏州市高三上学期期末摸底调研】45 this improvement is positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species. 39.【湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检】Once 41 (dry) and processed to make green tea, their value increases significantly. 40.【江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年高三上学期期终教学质量调研测试英语试卷】42 four decades of handwork has deformed (变形) his fingers, Hu has won many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts. 41.【广东省东莞市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题】We will have a unique global footprint in 2030 welcoming and uniting the world while 43 (celebrate) together the beautiful game and the centennial World Cup. 42.【2024·江苏省南菁高中、常州一中高三上学期12月阶段考试】Meanwhile, 44 some people said they can taste the flavor of the liquor but not the actual alcohol, others said that they clearly felt dizzy after drinking the coffee. 43.【北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题】 20 only around 10 percent of Pico’s original vineyards have been restored (恢复), the appellation of origin has earned some of the country’s top wine honors. 44.【北京市朝阳区2023~2024学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷】 These cultural heritage sites enrich our daily lives in countless ways, 16 we experience them directly or through the medium of a connected device. 45.【2024·江苏省前黄高级中学高三上学期期中适应性考试】The atmosphere at the opening ceremony reached the highlight 64 the digital torchbearer lit the main cauldron(主火炬台), which marked a historic moment in the Asian Games’ history. 46.【北京市朝阳区2023~2024学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷】One day, while 11 （shop）, I was approached by a woman I didn't know. 47.【广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三试题】 45 burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for moment if you can. Life is short, so enjoy it. 48.【广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】There is so much to take in 37 disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. 49.【2024届南通暨苏北七市（扬泰徐淮连宿）高三第二次调研测试英语试题】It is believed that Chinese knotting, also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages ____56____ writing was invented. 50.【浙江省金华市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】 57 frequent fractures (骨折) meant he couldn't walk independently, he remained optimistic and hardworking. 51.（23-24高三上·广东汕头·期末）“Images of these female roles came instantly to mind 168 I saw the ancient stage at the Summer Palace,” she said. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题10 击破状语从句和名词性从句专题语法专项训练 击破目录 第一部分 状语从句和名词性从句基础知识网络 1 一．近3年高考题中出现状语从句和名词性从句考点统计表 1 二．状语从句的基本知识 2 三．名词性从句的基本知识 22 第二部分 状语从句和名词从句的考点考法 40 一．状语从句命题规律和备考策略 40 二．名词性从句的考点考法 41 第三部分 状语从句和名词性从句考点练透 43 一．高考真题34题 43 二．高考模拟试题51题 51 第1部分 状语从句和名词性从句基础知识网络 一．下面是近3年高考题中出现状语从句和名词性从句考点统计表 时间 卷次 语法填空 合计 2024年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now Wyoming（答案为what） 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 And when __16__ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret（答案为asked） 1 浙江卷 that’s 59 they’ll promote（答案为what） 1 2023年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 This is    42   they need an English trainer.（答案为why） 1 全国甲卷 0 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 When__14__(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid（答案为seen） 1 浙江卷 0 2022年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 0 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 0 浙江卷 Cobb invited her to speak   62   she could do so remotely（答案为whether/if） 1 二．状语从句的基本知识 在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或整个主句。按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。引导状语从句的连词被称为从属连词，状语从句需用陈述语序，可位于复合句的句首或句末。 根据状语从句在句中的不同作用可分为如下9种：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。 如： 1. We work in Beijing.我们在北京工作。（“in Beijing” 作地点状语修饰谓语“work”.） 2. We are learning English now.我们正在学英语。（“now” 作时间状语修饰谓语“are learning”） 3. She reads English loudly.她大声地朗读英语。（副词“loudly”作方式状语修饰谓语“reads”） 4. Helmets are made to protect our brain. 头盔是用来保护我们的大脑的。（不定式“to prevent”作目的状语修饰谓语“are made”） 5. He works very hard. 他工作非常努力。（副词“very”作程度状语修饰“副词”“hard” ） It is a very beautiful picture.它是一幅非常美丽的图画。（“very” 修饰形容词beautiful） 6. Unluckily, he didn‘t pass the exam. 很不幸，他没通过考试。（副词“unluckily”作状语，用来修饰“整个句子”） 状语从句位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，前面一般不用逗号。 I feel very happy when you come to see me. When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连接词有: when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, once, till, until, whenever, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely...when, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time, any time, the first time, next time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly 等。 （一）when, while, as的用法 1.when 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时；在……期间” when引导的时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，when既可以指时间段也可指时间点，从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词，且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。且when引导的时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。 When she came out of the room, she changed her mind. 她走出房间时，改变了想法。 I will call you when I get there.我到那的时候会给你打电话的。 When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 当我回家的时候我的妻子在做晚饭。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left. 当我到达机场时，客人已经离开。 2.while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时;与……同时；在……期间” while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，或者强调主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，此时主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。记住，从句中始终是延续性动词，且从句多用进行时态。（while还可以表示对比，译成“然而”，放在句首可以表示“虽然”） Would you please look after my pet while I was away? 在我离开时，能请你照看我的宠物吗？ I met her while I was at school.我在学校时遇见她了。   Study while you study; play while you play.该学就学，该玩就玩。 3.as 引导时间状语从句，意为“正当；一边……一边……；随着” We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。 As we were going out, it began to snow. 当我们出门时,开始下雪了。 4.when, while , as 辨析 （1）as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。 Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。 （2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 干完活后，你可以休息一下。 （3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when或while。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。 5.when, while , as 知识拓展 (1) when引导时间状语从句用于下列句型中，意为：这时 be doing … when … 正在做……这时…… be about to do … when … 正打算做……这时…… had done … when … 刚做完……这时…… I was doing my homework when the phone rang. 我正在写作业，这时电话响了。 (2) while有时还可以表示对比，意为：而；然而 I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。 （二）before, after的用法 1.before引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前,常翻译为在“……之前”，“……才……”或“……就……”。 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。 Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。 2.after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后 I will tell you after they leave. 他们走我再告诉你。 After you finish the letter show it to me．信写完后给我看看。 3.before, after的知识拓展 before 用于下列句型中表示两件事的先后关系： It will be + 时间段 + before … 还要过多久……才…… It won’t be long + before … 要不了多久……就…… It was + 时间段 +before … 过了多久……才…… It wasn’t long + before … 过了没多久……就…… It will be ten days before we meet again. 还要过十天我们才能再次见面。 It won’t be long before we meet again. 要不了多久我们就能再次见面了。 It was half a month before they finished the work. 过了半个月他们才完成工作。 It wasn’t long before they finished the work. 过了没多久他们就完成了工作。 （三）since的用法 1.since引导的时间状语从句表示“自从……以来” （1）引导时间状语从句时，一般指的是“从过去的某一时间点以来”的概念，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时，主句用完成时。 I have never seen him again since he left here. 自从他离开那里之后我就再也没有见到他了。 They have been friends ever since they were in school. 他们从上学开始就是朋友了。 2.若表示到过去某一时间前的情况，则主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。通常搭配为it was+时间段+since 过去完成时或it is+时间段+since过去时。 It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。  It was three years since we had been there. 我们在那已经有三年了。  3.延续性动词相反翻译，瞬间性动词正常翻译 It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我不抽烟三年了。  It is three years since I left there.我离开那里已经三年了。 4.since的知识拓展 (1) 常用句型：It is/ has been + 时间段 + since 从句。常翻译为：自从……有多长时间了。 It is three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来有三年了。 (2) since 引导的从句谓语为终止性动词，则表示这动作的开始，按字面意思理解。since引导的从句谓语动词为延续性动词，且为一般过去时时，则表示这动作的终止，按与字面意思相反的意思理解。 He has studied very hard since he came to our school. （came是终止性动词） 自从他来到我们学校就一直努力学习。 It is three years since I smoke(= since I stopped smoking). (延续性动词) 我不吸烟已有三年了。 如果译成“我吸烟已有三年了”应为： It is three years since I began to smoke.(终止性动词) （四）until / till的用法 1.until / till 引导时间状语从句 (1) 主句是肯定句时，主语的谓语用延续性动词，指动作一直持续到从句谓语动作发生为止，意为“直到……” I waited until/ till my mum came back. 我一直等，直到我妈妈回来。 (2) 主句是否定句时，主句的谓语用短暂性动词，指动作一直到从句谓语动作发生时才开始，意为“直到……才……” I didn't work until he came back. 直到他回来，我才开始工作。 (3) till不可置于句首， until可以。 Until you told me I had no idea of it. 直到你告诉我，我才知道此事。 (4) 强调和倒装句中，not… until应视为一个整体，同时被强调 或置于句首。 正常式：He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 倒装式：Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed. 强调式：It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed. 直到完成作业，他才去睡觉。 （五）as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute的用法 1.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……” As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. 我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。 I’ll give you a reply immediately I finish the work. 我一完成工作就给你回复。 2.hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when/before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。 He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。 No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work. 太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。 Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。 （六）every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time，by the time引导时间状语从句的用法 1.every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time等引导时间状语从句，意为“每当……；每次……；下次……等。 Every/ Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 每次他来哈尔滨，总是来看我。 I felt bad the first time I gave the speech to a group. 第一次给旅游团讲解时我感觉很糟糕。 2.by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“……时，已经…… By the time you came back, I had finished this book. 到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。 在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。 二、地点状语从句 （一）地点状语从句通常由where, wherever，anywhere，no matter where 引导。 地点状语从句可置于句首， 也可置于句中。 1.where 引导的地点状语从句意为：在……的地方 Where he made mistakes, he admitted these willingly. 他在什么地方做错了事， 他都很乐于承认这些错误。 Where there is a will, there is a will. 有志者，事竟成。 2. wherever 引导的地点状语从句，意为：无论什么地方 Wherever he went he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas. 不管走到哪里他都随身携带着笔记本，随手写下自己的想法。 We’ll go wherever you say. 你说到哪里，我们就到哪里。 3. no matter where 也可引导地点状语从句。意为：无论什么地方 Keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are. 不管在哪里你都要带着手机。 4. everywhere 引导的地点状语从句 意为：任何地方。 Everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current United States champion. 不管他到哪里，人们都介绍他是当前美国冠军。 Everywhere they appeared there were ovations. 他们所到之处都有人欢呼。 温馨提示：where 引导的地点状语从句与where 引导的定语从句的区别： Where 引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的词作先行词， 而状语从句无需先行词。 如：This is the factory where her mother worked last year. （定语从句） Please go back to the city where you came from. （定语从句） 三、原因状语从句 在复合句中，由原因连接词引导的状语从句叫做原因状语从句。常用连词有：because, since, as, for, now that(既然), for the reason that(原因), in that(因为), not that…but that… (不是因为……而是因为……)等。原因状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句尾。 1.because引导原因状语从句，表示因果关系的语气最强，用来回答why 的问句，because引导的原因状语从句往往比主句显得更重要。 I like the book because it is very interesting. 我喜欢这本书，因为它很有趣。 2.since 引导原因状语从句，表示人们已知的事实，不需强调的原因，常翻译成：既然，因为。通常放于句首，since 引导的原因状语从句是次要的，重点是强调主句的内容。 Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office. 因为我受过比较好的教育，我得到了一份办公室的工作。 Since everyone is here, let’s begin the meeting. 既然每个人都到了，让我们开始开会吧。 3. as 引导的状语从句和since 的用法差不多，所引出的理由在说 话人看来已经是很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because 加以强调。 As Monday is the National Day, we needn’t go to work. 星期一是国庆节，我们不用上班。 5.now that引导原因状语从句与since相近，意为“既然”。Since 表示原先已存在的情况，而now that 表示现在才发生的情况。 Now that you have the chance you had better make use of it. 既然你有了机会，你最好利用起来。 6.for the reason that 引导原因状语从句，意为“……的原因”。in that中in的含义指“在……方面”，有限制作用。两者都指某一方面的原因或理由。 I often go to the concert for the simple reason that I love music. 我经常去听音乐会，原因很简单，那就是我喜欢音乐。 I like the city, but I prefer the country in that there’s fresher air. 我喜欢城市，但我更喜欢乡村，因为那里我更新鲜的空气。 7.not that… but that…引导原因状语从句，意为“不是因为……而是因为……” Not that I don't like the film, but that I have no time for it. 不是因为我不喜欢电影，而是因为我没有时间。 四、条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词有: if(如果), unless(=if…not 除非), as/so long as(只要), provided that (只要， 如果), on condition that(条件是), suppose/ supposing (that) (假如)，in case（如果，万一）等。 条 件状语从句可置于句首，也可以置于句中，有时候还可以置于主语和谓语之间。 （一） if引导条件状语从句意为： 如果。 If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will have a picnic. 如果明天天气好，我们将会吃野餐。 （二）unless意为：除非，如果不…… Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，否则比赛照常进行。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身，你 就不能及时赶到那儿。 温馨提示：unless 的意思相当于if ….not ….如：I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. = I shall go there tomorrow, if I’m not too busy. （三）so/as long as引导条件状语从句意为：只要 As/so long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll be able to find a way to overcome the difficulties. 只要我们不灰心，我们就就能找到克服困难的方法。 （四） provided/providing (that) 引导条件状语从句意为：只要，如果。 She agreed to go and work there provided/providing that her family could go with her. 如果她家人能随他同行，她同意去那里工作。 （五）on condition that引导条件状语从句意为：在…… 条件下， 以…… 为条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret. 我可以告诉你真想，条件是你答应保守秘密。 （六）suppose/supposing ( that ) 引导条件状语从句意为：假如。 Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假如明天你失业，你怎么办。 （七）in case引导条件状语从句意为：如果，万一， 放于句首。引导目的状语从句时，意为：目的是，以防，以免。放于句中。 In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. （条件状语从句） 如果我没回来他就到了，请让他等一等。 I’ll bring an umbrella in case it rains.我带上雨伞，以免下雨。 （目的状从） 五、目的状语从句 在复合句中，由目的连接词引导的状语从句叫做目的状语从句。常用连词有： so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that), lest等。目的状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句中。 （一）so that与in order that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了” so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后，而in order that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后。两者在从句中常与can, may, could, might等情态动词连用。 We climbed high so that we might get a better view. 我们爬得很高以便于能见到更好的景色。 The teacher raised his voice in order that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 老师提高了声音以便坐在后排的学生能听得清楚。 so that + 句子，in order that + 句子，so as to + V，in order to + V引导的目的状语从句可互换。 I went to college so that I might further my education. = I went to college in order that I might further my education. = I went to college so as to further my education. = I went to college in order to further my education. 我来到大学为了进一步学习。 （二）for fear (that) 引导目的状语从句，意为“唯恐；以防；以免”。表示生怕某种不好的事情发生。从句常用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形。若表示可能实现或可能发生的事情，也可不用虚拟。 He is studying hard for fear that he should fail. 他努力学习以免考试不过。 Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把门关上，以免下雨。 （三）in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防；目的是” Take a hat with you in case the weather is very hot. 你最好把帽子戴上，以防天气很热 （4） lest引导目的状语从句，意为“以防；为了不”。表示否定目 的，后常用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形。 He hid the money lest it should be stolen. 他把钱藏起来唯恐被人偷去。 六、结果状语从句 在复合句中，由结果连接词引导的状语从句叫做结果状语从句。常用连词有： so that, so… that …, such… that …。结果状语从句一般置于句中。 （一）so that 引导结果状语从句，意为“所以；因此；以便” We moved to the country so that we were away from the noisy and dull city. 我们搬到乡下，所以我们远离了吵闹，单调的城市。 （二）so… that…和such … that…引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……” Lisa left home so hurriedly that she left her cell phone at home. 丽萨出门太匆忙了，以至于将手机忘在家里了。 These were such difficult questions that none of us could answer. 这些问题如此难，以至于我们每人能回答。 （3） so… that…和such … that…引导结果状语从句，引导的句子中可以构成如下结构： 形容词/ 副词 many/ few ( + 可数名词复数 ) so + many/ little ( + 不可数名词 ) + ( that+ ) 从句 形容词 + a/ an 可数名词单数 a/ an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + ( that + ) 从句 形容词 + 不可数名词 Mary is so lovely a girl that we all like to play with her. Mary is such a lovely girl that we all like to play with her. 凯西是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至于我们都喜欢跟她玩。 little 表“小，可爱”时，用 such 不用 so 修饰。 He is such a little boy that his patents often teach him something. 七、方式状语从句 在复合句中，由方式连接词引导的状语从句叫做方式状语从句。常用连词有：as, just as, as if, as though, (in) the way (that)。方式状语从句一般位于句中。 （一）as, just as等引导方式状语从句，意为“就像；依照；正如”。通常位于主句后。(just) as… so…结构位于句首时，as从句带有比喻的含义，意为“正如……；就像……” Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎么样待你，你就要怎样待人。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑落后的东西。 （二）as if / as though引导方式状语从句，两者的意义和用法相同，意为“仿佛……. 似的”。引导状语从句的谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。 He sings as if/ though he were a famous singer. 他唱得仿佛他就是一为著名的歌唱家似的。 He talks as if he is drunk. 从他谈话来看他是喝醉了。 （三）(in) the way (that)也常引导方式状语从句，意为“以……方式” He doesn’t speak the way I do. 他不像我那样说话。 八、比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, as…… as, not as/so …as …等引导。比较状语从句一般位于句中。 （一）than 引导的比较状语从句意为: 比。 You sing better than I do. 你的歌唱得比我好。 She arrived back from vacation a day earlier than expected. 她外出度假，比预期的时间提前一天返回家中。 （二）as…as…引导的比较状语从句意为：和…一样的.否定句为: not as/so …as …, 意为: 不像…..一样的。 English is as important as Math. 英语和数学一样重要。 The work is not so easy as you think. 这工作不像你想象中那么简单。 温馨提示：注意两种特殊的表示比较的结构： 1. the more…the more…结构。 如：The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 你锻炼越多就会越健康。 2. A is to B what is C is to D 结构。 如：Engines is to machines what hearts are to animals. 发动机之于机器正如心脏之于动物。 Food is to men what oil is machines. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 九、让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有although/though(虽然；尽管), even if/though(即使；尽管), as,while(虽然、尽管), whether….or …(不管…; 无论…), whatever/no matter what(无论什么) （一） although和 though 引导让步状语从句意义一样，译为：虽然，尽管。 Although it’s raining, they still working in the field. 虽然下着雨，他们仍在田里干活。 She can play basketball well though she is young. 虽然他很年轻，他能打篮球打得很好。 温馨提示：Although/though一般情况下可以互换使用。Although 语气较重，大多置于句首。 Although/though 引导让步状语从句时，可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but 连用。though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。如：He said he would come; he didn’t though. （二）even though /even if 引导让步状语从句表示语气更强的让步，意为：即使。 She insisted on her opinion even though /even if she was wrong. 即使她错了，她仍然坚持自己的观点。 I wouldn’t do it even if you paid me a thousand pounds. 即使你付我一千英镑我也不干。 （三）as 引导的让步状语从句意为：虽然。 Try as he would, he could not get her out of his mind. 尽管他很努力，却不能把她忘怀。 Hard as he works, he make little progress. 虽然他很努力学习，但是没什么进步。 温馨提示：as引导让步状语从句时，必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语，状语，或动词原形。 倒装时如若带有冠词的名词，冠词需要省去。而though引导的从句也可以像as引导的从句用倒装语序，也可以不倒装。如：Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. = Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do. （四）while 引导让步状语从句意为：虽然， 尽管 While they are my neighbors, I don’t know them well. 虽然他们是我的邻居，我对他们却不太了解。 （五）Whether… or …引导让步状语从句意为：不论是否；不管是… 还是… You will have to attend the meeting whether you are free or busy. 不管忙不忙， 你都要参加这个典礼。 （六）wh – ever 引导让步状语从句时，这类词常可以换成：no matter + 相应的wh词。例如：no matter what / who /when/ which/how= whatever/ whoever/ whenever/ whichever/ however Whatever happened, he would not mind. 无论发生什么， 他多不会介意的。 = No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whoever you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是谁，都要遵守法律。 = No matter who you are, you must keep the law. 温馨提示：wh-ever 类的词除了引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句，而 no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如： Whatever (= no matter what ) you say, I won’t believe you. (引导让步状语从句whatever = no matter what) / I’ll eat whatever you give me. (whatever 引导宾语从句，此处不能用 no matter what) 三．名词性从句的基本知识 （1） 概念：名词性从句相当于名词词组，在复合句中起名词性 作用。 分类：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的 1）连接词：that, whether, if; 2） 关系代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever; 3) 关系副词：when, where, how, why. （二）要点及分类 名词性从句：以从句的形式作名词的成分→充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句 连接词：that(在及物动词后接的宾语从句中可以省略）、whether、if（在及物动词后接的宾语从句中可以用） 连接代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whomever、which、whichever、whose 连接副词：在从句中作状语 when、whenever、where、wherever、how、however、why 1.主语从句 （1）主语从句的概念： 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句做句子主语时主句的谓语常用单数，如： How we can get there in time remains unknown. That they will go is certain. Whatever he did was right. （2）主语从句的连接词： 主语从句的连词分三类  ①从属连词引导的主语从句  （that / whether  ）  that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That位于句首引导主语从句不常用。 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.                That she survived the accident is a surprise.  whether 引导的主语从句:  whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。  注意：引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。  Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.   Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.  If he will go to school is not decided. ( × ) ② 用连接代词引导的主语从句   在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever,  whomever, whichever, whatever 引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用， 担当一定成分. who ——Who will be sent there has not been decided.   Who will teach is not known. whom——Whom you invited is very important. what——What you need is more practice.  What you said is wonderful. which—— Which one is the best is not clear.  whose—— Whose book was lost is unknown. whoever ——Whoever comes will be welcome.  whomever—— Whoever you fell in love has nothing to do with me. Whoever made a mistake must be punished whatever——Whatever he did was right.    whichever——Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. ③用连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however引导的主语从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语)  例如:  when ——When we will leave school is uncertain   When they will come hasn’t been decided. where ——Where he has gone is a question.  Where we should leave it is a problem. why ——Why there is gravity is hard to understand.   how—How he can earn a living in Britain remains a big problem.  （3）it 作形式主语的主语从句  That he will win the match is certain.  That he has made a very important discovery in chemistry is true. That we won't spend the holiday is a pity. 对于以连词that引导的主语从句，有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分四种情况：  ①It is +名词+从句  It is a fact that +句子  事实是……； It is good news that+句子 ……是好消息； It is a question that +句子 ……是个问题； It is common knowledge that +句子…是常识，普遍认为........  类似的名词还有： a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。  It is a mystery to me how it all happened.  It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.  It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.   ②It is +形容词+从句  It is necessary that  ……有必要； It is clear that  ……很清楚； It is likely that  ……很可能； It is important that  ……重要的  类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely;  quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting;  astonishing, etc.  It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.  It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.  It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.  It is necessary that you should master the computer.   ③ It is +过去分词+从句  It is said that  据说…… It is reported that  据报道…… It has been proved that   已证明…… 类似的过去分词还有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted;  discussed; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear;  found out,etc.  例如： It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision  between two stars.   It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to  traffic.  ④ It +特殊动词+that从句 （turns out/seems/happened / appears / doesn’t matter / makes no  difference / occurs）that 主语从句不可提前 It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.       It does not matter if I missed my train.  It happened that I saw him yesterday. （4）主语从句中的虚拟语气　 ①It is insisted, suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, desirable, advisable, imperative…….that-clause ②It is important, necessary, natural, strange……that-clause ③ It is a pity, a shame, no wonder……that-clause Is it necessary that he (should) take the examination? It is strange that he (should) tell you this. A. would tell 2.表语从句 概念：表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句放在系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构是“主语十连系动词+表语从句”。 可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。 1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking. 2. The question remains whether we can win the people.  引导词：从属连词 that /whether/as/as if /as though/because 连接代词what / who /whom/which/whose/whatever/whoever/ whomever/whichever 连接副词 when / where/ why /how （1）That,whether引导的表语从句 The fact is that he didn’t notice the car till too late. One advantage of living in the country is that one can get close to nature. The question is whether we need more ice cream. （2）从属连词because, as, as if/as though等引导的表语从句。（区别于主语从句） Things are not always as they seem to be. 事情常常并不像看上去的那样。 It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。 That's because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。 It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案。 That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because...强调原因) That's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。 (That's why...强调结果) （3） 连接代词: who , whom, what , which , whose 及whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever引导表语从句，既保留原意，又在从句中担当句子成分。 The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。 The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。 （4）关系副词when,whenever,where,wherever, how, why等引导的表语从句。除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。 Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。 I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。 That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。 （5）表语从句注意点 ①表语从句一律用陈述句的语序. ②表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略. ③表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if 引导. ④不要使用 The reason … is because that … 句型, 应使用 The reason… is that… 或 This / it /that/is because…等句型. ⑤表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气　 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 3.同位语从句 概念：同位语从句是与先行词同位或同等的从句，先行词常为名词如news, fact, truth, conclusion, hope, decision, belief, opinion, view, feeling, suggestion, proposal等抽象名词。 注意：同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。例如：Where did you get the idea that I could not come? Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15, 2003. （1）that引导的同位语从句 有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句： We came to the decision that we must act at once. He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. There was little hope that he would survive. The fact that his health is falling is not true. I doubt the report that the ship sank on its first voyage. 以下名词常用于以上句型： advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, warning, wish, word (2)wh-引导的同位语从句 Have you any idea where there are having a rehearsal? 你知道我们在那排练吗？ The problem, where we should stay, is still unsolved. 我们呆在哪的问题还没有解决。 (3)同位语从句的割裂 有时同位语从句不是紧跟在与之同位的名词之后，而是被某些成分隔开。 Evidence that he committed the crime came up. Evidence came up that he committed the crime. Word came that their team had won the match. The conclusion that/ which/ X the police came to that Tom committed the crime didn’t satisfy us. (4)同位语从句的虚拟语气 在suggestion, advice, request, order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。例如： Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer. The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted. (5)注意：That引导的同位语与that引导的定语从句的区别 ①先行词的不同 引导定语从句的先行词可以是具体名词，也可以是抽象的名词。引导同位语从句的先行词一般只能是抽象的名词。 ②两个that的不同 引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主句和从句，先行词在从句中充当一个句子的成分。That指人或者指物。而同位语从句的that是连词，指起到连接主从句的作用，它不充任何当成分。 ③定语从句是形容词性的，它的功能是修饰先行词，描述它的性质或特征。同位语从句是名词性的，它的功能是对所说明的词作进一步说明解释的，就等同于先行词。 The news that we heard spread all over the school campus. The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the school campus. 4.宾语从句 (1)定义 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）和某些形容词的宾语。 (2)宾语从句的连接词 ①从属连词that, if , whether   that:无含义，在句中不做成分。引导单个宾语从句时，that可以省略。如果引导两个或两个以上宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，从第二个宾语从句起向后的从句中的that不能省。 I don’t think （that）she is coming. (可省) I don’t think it necessary that you should read English aloud. （不能省） He told me（that）his father had died and that he had to live alone. （第一个可省，第二个不可省） if，whether:  有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。  注意：引导宾语从句时（动词后面的宾语从句）二者可以换用。介词后的宾语从句，及紧跟or /or not 结构或不定式时，只能用whether. He wants to know whether or not you agree. He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. It all depends on whether they will do their best. ② 连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever,  whichever, whatever  I don't know who he is. I'll show you whatever you want to see. ③连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. You can visit wherever you want to go after you graduate. (3)用法 ①作动词宾语 Do you know whom they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？ He asked whose dictionary it was.他问这是谁的字典。 Please tell me when we shall discuss our plan. 注意： a.动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess, suppose, assume 等后有宾语补足语时，则要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. He has made it clear that he will not give in. b. hate, like, take, owe, have, take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to 表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。 如：I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. ②作介词的宾语 It depends on whether he is coming or not.这要看他是否会来。 I was curious as to what we could do next. 我想知道下一步我们该做什么。 注意： A.连词that引导的宾语从句很少作介词的宾语，只在in, except, but, besides介词后偶尔看到。形成固定搭配，in that在于（因为），but that要不是，except that除了……。 其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。 如：The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税过高是有害的，因为它可能使人不愿多赚钱。 He is a good student except that he is careless. You may depend on it that they will support you. B.其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，必须要it作形式宾语。 You may depend on it that I shall always help you. ③宾语从句的否定转移think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。(仅限于主语为第一人称） 如：I don't think you are right. I don't believe they have finished their work yet. I don't suppose he cares, does he? ④宾语从句中的特殊疑问形式（又称双重疑问句）                   在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前，构成特殊疑问形式，其构成为：                Wh-/ How do you + vt. +宾语从句的其他部分？                常见的用于此结构的动词think, believe, consider,  suppose, imagine, expect, guess, say等。    ⑤宾语从句中的虚拟 在动词insist（坚持）, order（命令），command (命令), suggest(建议) , advise（建议）, propose（建议），require（要求，需要）, desire（要求，渴望）, demand（要求）, request（要求）等词后的宾语从句中，不论主句谓语动词用何时态，宾语从句中的动词一律用“（should）+动词原形”。 She suggested that Robert (should) go to London and try to find a job there. 注意suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示“坚称”之意时，主从句时态相应一致，不用虚拟语气。 What he said suggested he was a doctor. He insisted that what he said was right. ⑥wh-疑问词引导宾语从句(who, what, which, whose, where, when,why等） A.wh-词充当动词宾语 They couldn’t understand why I refused. B.wh-词充当介词宾语 We are worrying about what we should do next. The listeners were much interested in how the girl had become an expert at raising rabbits. 注意：如果疑问词是介词宾语，介词一般可以谓语从句句首或者从句句末。 I didn’t know in which building they lived. =I didn’t know which building they lived in. C.wh-词充当形容词宾语 I wasn’t sure who was going to speak. ⑦时态的呼应与语序 在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则： a.如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态。 Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring？ They have no idea at all where he has gone． Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night？ b.如果主句谓语是一般过去时，宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态。 He said he would come to see us the next day. I wanted to know whether he had been to Beijing. c.如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等，不管主句是什么时态， 宾语从句一律用一般现在时。 Dick asked Lucy how old she is． The teacher said the sun rises in the east． 5.名词性从句注意事项 (1)that ①只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略 ②不充当介宾 ③引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。 (2)whether 与 if whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 主语从句 Whether he will come is unknown. 表语从句 The question is whether you should accept it. 同位语从句 The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided. (3)从句作介词的宾语 I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money. (4)直接跟不定式连用 She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. Wh-ever与no matter wh-的用法区别 Wh-ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导状语从句。no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句 Whatever she said, he wouldn’t listen to me. =no matter what she said, he wouldn’t listen to me》 What was said here must be kept secret. 在这所说的一切都要保密。 6.名词性从句与定语从句＆状语从句区别 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 定语从句有先行词,去掉从句,句子结构完整. 1. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers, which  has a great effect on my life. 2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home. 3. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night. 在复合句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句由从属连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，为陈述语序。除了引导宾语从句的连词that可省略外，其他连词一般不可省略。 名词性从句没有先行词,作主句的主语或宾语,去掉从句,句子结构不完整. 1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery. 2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job. 3. The problem is who will be equal to the task. 4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not. 状语从句，在复合句中作状语的从句，叫做状语从句。句子用作状语时，起副词作用。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 状语从句没有先行词,去掉从句,句子结构完整.还要明白什么是状语,时间、地点、原因、方式、目的等是状语,理解了状语,就明白了状语从句. 1. As I was getting on the bus, someone called me. 2. Every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor. 第二部分 状语从句和名词性从句的考点考法 一、状语从句命题规律和备考策略 1.近3年新高考对于状语从句的考查共计5次，主要考查： （一）状语从句的固定句型的考查出现3次。 （二）状语从句的引导词的考查出现2次。 2.状语从句备考策略 怎样学好状语从句？ 准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。 同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。 无论陈述语气还是疑问语气，均用陈述语序。 掌握状语从句的固定搭配的考点，还要掌握根据句子的意思选用合适的引导词的考点。 二、名词性从句的考点考法 1.功能 1.作主语： 主语从句：_____ he has got the scholarship is true.（答案为That） 2.作宾语： 宾语从句：Mr Li said __the earth goes around the sun. （答案为that ） 3.作表语： 表语从句：My idea is _____we should do it right away. （答案为that ） 4.作同位语 同位语从句：I got the impression_____ you are unhappy. （答案为that） 2.四种类型 1)主语从句： 1.that引导：______Tom should cheat me is disappointing. （答案为That ） 2.whether引导：____ we’ll have a picnic hasn’t been decided. （答案为Whether） 3.连接代词：___ you need is a good long vacation.（答案为What） 4.连接副词：_______ he arrives doesn’t matter. （答案为When） 5.形式主语： It happened _______ she was out when we called.（答案为that） It is reported ______ ten people were killed in the explosion. （答案为that） 2)宾语从句： 1.that引导： He insisted ______ we (should) accept the gifts.（答案为that） 2.whether /if引导： I doubt __________ he will come.（答案为whether /if） 3.连接副词：She inquired _____ we are getting on. （答案为how） 4.连接代词：He did _____ he could to comfort her. （答案为what） 5.形式宾语：I find it strange ____ she doesn’t want to travel. （答案为that） I hate it _____ people talk about me behind my back. （答案为when） 3)表语从句： 1.that引导： The trouble is ______ we are short of money.（答案为that） 2.whether引导： The question is ___ you will support me.（答案为whether） 3.连接副词：That’s _______ you are wrong. （答案为where） 4.连接代词：He is no longer ______ he used to be. （答案为what） 5.其他： That’s ______ she spoke French so well. （答案为why） 4)同位语从句： 1.that引导：There is no doubt ____ he is guilty. (紧跟抽象名词后)（答案为that） The story goes_______ she got promoted.(与名词分开)（答案为 that） He gave me some advice _____ I should read English every day.（答案为that） 2.whether引导：There is some doubt __________ he will come. （答案为whether） 3.连接副词: I have no idea ______ large the physical universe is. （答案为how） 4.连接代词：The question ______ will replace him is still not clear.（答案为who） 第三部分 状语从句考点练透 一．高考真题34题 1.【2024全国甲卷】On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 2.【2024年北京卷】And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, who doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 3.【2024浙江1月卷】If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 4.【2023▪新高考II卷】This is    42    they need an English trainer. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 5.【2023年北京卷】 When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 6.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)He always participated to the best of his ability in ________ they were doing. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：无论他们在做什么，他总是竭尽全力地参与。此处指“他们做的任何事”，设空处引导宾语从句。故填whatever。 7.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)This research overturns the popular view ________ all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：这项研究推翻了流行的观点，即人类在大约30万年前进化时，所有人类语音都存在。此处引导同位语从句，解释说明view的具体内容。故填that。 8.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)That was ________ none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross­country team. It just took him longer—that's all. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫决定加入越野赛队是不寻常的。他花了更长的时间，仅此而已。此处引导表语从句，that was why表示“这就是为什么……”。故填why。 9.[2022全国II卷]I don't know ___________ to thank him. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意，故填how。 10.(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was ________ their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是他们的心脏现在可以更好地填满，并在运动中泵送更多的血液。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，应用that引导。故填that。 11.(2022·全国甲卷)I had no idea about ________ I'd find there and I wasn't nervous, I just wanted to do it. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道我会在那里发现什么，我不紧张，我只是想去做。what引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。what在宾语从句中作动词find的宾语。故填what。 12.(2022·全国甲卷)The realization ________ this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：意识到这是一块珍贵的土地，要受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深切的感触之一。设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词realization的具体内容，从句不缺成分，只缺连接词。故填that。 13.【2022全国甲卷】The disagreement was ______ sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“so------that------”译为“如此------以至于”引导结果状语从句。故填so。 14.(2022·全国乙卷)It is believed ________ today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：人们相信如今的儿童和青少年摄入的糖是推荐量的三倍，这使他们患糖尿病的风险更高。It is believed that ... 意为“人们相信……”。it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填that。 15.【2022全国乙卷】______ you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. 【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候，你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填If或When。 16.(2022·北京高考)This first contact was ________ my story began. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这第一次接触就是我的故事开始的地方。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，意为“……的地方”，应用where引导。故填where。 17.(2022·北京高考)It's easy to explain how we determine ________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是否危险，这是很容易的：我们通过学习。设空处引导宾语从句，whether 与后文的or not构成固定搭配。故填whether。 18.(2022·浙江高考)I wasn't sure ________ it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道这确切是什么意思，但至少我们有话题了。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作meant的宾语，意为“什么”，用what引导。故填what。 19.【2022年浙江1月卷】Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak   62   she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 20.【2021年全国Ⅰ卷】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59 （hot）the spring! Strange, isn’t it? 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：春天的神奇之处在于，温度越低，春天就越热！很奇怪，不是吗？固定句型“the+比较级-------the+比较级-----”译为“越------就越”引导结果状语从句。故填hotter。 21. (2021全国Ⅰ卷) _______ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这段经历最令人惊叹的是它所呈现的世界之外的景色。引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，应填what，位于句首，首字母要大写，故填What。 22.【2021全国甲卷】In my opinion, _______ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly. 【解析】句意：在我看来，当我们有麻烦时（无论什么时候我们有麻烦时），我们因该从我们最相信的人们那里寻求帮助。分析可知，本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为we should seek help---， 从句表示的含义为无论什么时候我们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时，所以应用when或whenever引导。故填when或whenever。 23.【2021全国乙卷】 It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. 【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅行概念。固定句型“not------until------”译为“直到------才”引导结果状语从句。故填until。 24. (2020全国Ⅰ卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep crater s(环形山), more so ______ the familiar near side. 【解析】考查比较状语从句。句意：科学家对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多深陨环形山，比我们熟悉的近面陨石坑要多。结合上文的The far side of the moon和more及下文的the familiar near side 可知，此处含有对比关系， 对比月球的背面和正面，用than连接两个比较对象，故填than。 25. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) __________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当他问河岸上的村民在哪里可以找到传说中的艺术家（传奇的）时，他们微笑着指着河的下游。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，用When或As引导。故填When或As。 26. (2019全国Ⅰ卷) While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：虽然它们在88°以北很少见，但有证据表明它们的活动范围横跨整个北冰洋，向南远至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。分析句子结构可知，此处句子结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明 evidence 的内容，故填that。 27. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) On our way to the house, it was raining ______ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there. 【解析】句意：在我们去房子的路上，雨下得如此大，以至于我们不禁想知道还要多久才能到达那里。因“so…that…”为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填so。 28. (2018全国Ⅰ卷) The review says it is more effective at lengthening life ______ walking, cycling or swimming. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：该评论称，在延长寿命方面，它比步行、骑自行车或游泳更有效。由前面的more effective可知，是比较级，用than连接比较对象，故填than。 29. (2018全国Ⅲ卷) I’m not sure ______is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩). 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，是我还是雌性大猩猩。根据语境可知，“我”不确定谁感到更害怕些，是“我”还是这只母猩猩。作主语指人只能用who。且下文中的who和her也有提示，故填who。 30. (2016全国Ⅱ卷) So, get an early start and try to be as productive ____ possible before lunch. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：所以，早点开始，在午餐前尽量提高工作效率。因as…as possible是固定搭配，故填as。 31. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) Over time, ______ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块。表示“随着”用as引导时间状语从句。顺便提提，句中Over time意为“久而久之”，故填as。 32. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _____ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：作为天生的建筑师，普韦布洛印第安人准确地计算出在大多数日子里，土坯墙需要多厚才能使循环正常工作。因figure out(弄明白；计算出)后是一个句子，应为宾语从句；引导宾语从句，并能修饰形容词(thick)的，只能是连接副词how，how thick意为“多厚”，故填how。 33. (2014广东卷) I didn’t understand _____ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不明白为什么会发生这种情况，我的信用卡已经被扣了预订费。新来的男孩看了老师几秒钟，其他所有的学生都想知道这个男孩会做什么。因“6个月前预订的”“信用卡上又付了预订的钱了”“我不明白为什么会发生这样的事”。由句意可知填why。 34. (2012广东卷) The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ______ the boy would do. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：新来的男孩看了老师几秒钟，其他所有的学生都想知道这个男孩会做什么。引导宾语从句并在从句中作do的宾语，故用连接代词what，故填what。 二．高考模拟题51题 1.【浙江省台州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】You won't shock someone unnecessarily because the AED detects 62 __________ it's needed or not. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你不会不必要地电击别人，因为AED会检测到是否需要电击。空处引导宾语从句，结合句意和or not可知此处用whether引导，故填whether。 2.（23-24高三上·广东·期末）I found this extremely impressive and amazing since he hadn’t asked me 99 I had come to see him. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我觉得这非常令人印象深刻，因为他没有问我为什么来见他。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作asked的宾语，从句中缺少原因状语，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。 3.（2024·广东深圳·一模）The onlookers who watch them playing with great athleticism are amazed at 88 Chai and his fellow players can achieve. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：观看他们出色的运动能力的旁观者对Chai和他的同伴们所取得的成就感到惊讶。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“观看他们出色的运动能力的旁观者对Chai和他的同伴们所取得的成就感到惊讶”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 4.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·阶段练习） 43 attracts Vladimirova most is Beijing’s historic hutong. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：最吸引Vladimirova的是北京历史悠久的胡同。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”，故用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 5.（2024·广东深圳·一模）The onlookers who watch them playing with great athleticism are amazed at 88 Chai and his fellow players can achieve. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：观看他们出色的运动能力的旁观者对Chai和他的同伴们所取得的成就感到惊讶。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“观看他们出色的运动能力的旁观者对Chai和他的同伴们所取得的成就感到惊讶”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 6.（23-24高三上·广东·期末）I found this 98 (extreme) impressive and amazing since he hadn’t asked me why I had come to see him. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我觉得这非常令人印象深刻，因为他没有问我为什么来见他。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作asked的宾语，结合上文“By taking my pulse, looking at my tongue and asking some questions about my diet and lifestyle, he correctly concluded that I was worn out.”可知，从句中缺少原因状语，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。 7.（23-24高三上·广东梅州·期末）By 1892 Diesel had obtained a patent for 117 we now call the diesel engine. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：到1892年，迪塞尔获得了我们现在所说的柴油机的专利。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少call的宾语，且指物，用what引导。故填what。 8.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习） Today the future of Dafen may depend on 154 it is able to earn respect of the art world. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：今天，大芬的未来可能取决于它是否能够赢得艺术界的尊重。此处引导宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”，且位于介词on之后，应用whether。故填whether。 9.（2024·广东肇庆·二模）Social connection is also 187 the elderly seek during their morning workout. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：社会联系也是老年人在晨练中寻求的东西。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，从句缺少seek的宾语，且指物，应用what引导。故填what。 10.【2024届陕西省宝鸡市高三下学期三模考试英语试题】But 42 is less known is that the city is also the “coffee capital of China”. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但鲜为人知的是，这座城市也是“中国咖啡之都”。“ is less known”是主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“（鲜为人知的）事情”，用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 11.（2024·广东广州·一模）The fact that skywells still exist today shows 9 clever ancient builders were in using nature's elements to create energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：事实上，今天仍然存在的天井表明，古代的建筑者是多么聪明，他们利用自然的元素来创造能源充足和可持续的生活空间。引导宾语从句，表示“多么聪明”应用how。故填how。 12.（2023·广东广州·一模）Later, they were brought overseas to Japan and ancient Korca during the Tang Dynasty, which is 194 they are known as “Tang umbrellas”. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：后来，在唐朝(618-07年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。分析句子可知，空处引导一个表语从句作系动词is的表语，且从句缺状语，应用连接副词引导，又根据句意可知，所以填连接副词why，表示“为什么”，符合语境。故填why。 13.（2024·广东·二模） 163 makes the parade most exciting is the lion and dragon dance, representing the spirit of strength. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：游行中最令人兴奋的是舞狮和舞龙，它们代表着力量的精神。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what引导主语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 14.（2024·广东肇庆·二模）Social connection is also 117 the elderly seek during their morning workout. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：社会联系也是老年人在晨练中寻求的东西。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，从句缺少seek的宾语，且指物，应用what引导。故填what。 15.（2023·广东广州·三模）Today the future of Dafen may depend on 254 it is able to earn respect of the art world. 【解析】考查宾语从句连词。句意：如今大芬的未来能取决于它能否赢得艺术界的尊重。分析句子可知，介词“on”后接的句子是宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，但缺乏“是否”含义，故填whether。 16.【2023年江苏省高考第二次模拟考试卷（B）】To understand technology, one must know ___65___ it provides in terms of advantages and disadvantages. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：要了解技术，就必须了解它的优点和缺点。know后是宾语从句，从句中provide缺少宾语，用what引导。故填what。 17.【2023年江苏省高考第二次模拟考试卷（A）】Failure is a part of learning ____65____ we failed once, it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying when we encounter failures in life. 【解析】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我们失败一次，失败也是学习的一部分。设空处引导条件状语从句，运用if引导。故填if。 18.（2024·江苏连云港·二模）It is believed that Chinese knotting, also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages 21 writing was invented. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：人们认为，在文字发明之前，中国的结，也被称为“中国结”，起源于记录信息和交换信息。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”应用before。故填before。 19.（2023·江苏·二模）During a given performance, drummers perform various dance moves while 167 (hold) the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在一场表演中，鼓手们左手拿鼓，右手拿木槌，表演各种舞蹈动作。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意，分析子可知，“while　　　 (hold) the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands.”是时间状语从句，原句为“while they are holding the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands.”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略they are后，应保留现在分词holding。故填holding。 20.（2023·江苏南京·二模）That is 147 we decided to establish this youth theater group,” said Zhao Cong, head of the orchestra. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么我们决定成立这个青年剧团。That is why…这就是为什么……，连接副词why引导表语从句。故填why。 21.（2023·江苏·二模） What is shown in statistics is 137 a skydiving club saw a record-breaking single-day reception of 166 customers during this year’s Spring Festival holiday. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：统计数据显示，今年春节假期，一家跳伞俱乐部单日接待166名顾客，创下历史新高。分析句子结构和意思可知，　　7　　 a skydiving club saw a record-breaking single-day reception of 166 customers during this year’s Spring Festival holiday.是表语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 22.（2023·江苏南通·三模）You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or elsewhere to learn 129 tea is grown and harvested. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你可以参观杭州或其他地方的茶园，了解如何种植和收获茶叶。空处引导宾语从句，且从句缺少方式状语，应用how来修饰，故填how。 23.（2023·江苏·二模） It is not only a code or a tool, but a language that gives light and guidance when 110 (receive) in a proper way. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：它不仅是一种代码或工具，而且是一种语言，当以适当的方式接受时，它可以提供光明和指导。分析句子可知，此处为when引导时间状语从句的省略用法，when 引导时间状语从句，完整的从句为：when it is received in a proper way，其中 it 指代上文的 a language，和动词 receiver 为被动关系，为一般现在时的被动语态；当主句和从句主语一致，或者从句的主语是 it ，且从句谓语动词中含有 be 动词时，从句主语和 be 动词可以省略；本题中省略 it is 。故填received。 24.（2024·浙江·二模）Ban Zhao was born in Anling, near 34 is now modern Xianyang, Shaanxi province. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：班昭出生在安岭，离现在的陕西咸阳不远。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少主语，表示“陕西咸阳不远的地方”，所以用what引导该从句。故填what。 25.（2024·浙江温州·二模）But 23 is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但对每个人来说最重要的是评估的真实性。这里为主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，表示“物”，用连接词“what”。故填what。 26.（2024·浙江温州·二模） For another, some consumers may go against their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when 27 (ask) to submit comments. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的完整形式为“when they are asked to submit comments”，动词“ask”和主语“they”之间为被动关系，可将they are省略。故填asked。 27.（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Many civilian teams actively joined rescue work 4 China increased its aid to Turkey and neighboring Syria. 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当中国增加对土耳其和邻国叙利亚的援助时，许多民间救援队积极参与救援工作。分析句子结构和意思可知， 　　4　　 China increased its aid to Turkey and neighboring Syria.是时间状语从句，连词用as/when。故填as/when。 28.（2023·浙江·三模）Many of us are lucky enough to have lots of choices over 131 we eat. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们中的许多人都很幸运，在吃什么方面有很多选择。介词over后接宾语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 29.（2023·浙江·三模） There is some evidence 140 , if you see pictures of food, the visual stimulation can prompt you to feel a desire to eat,” says Suzanne Higgs. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：“有证据表明，如果你看到食物的图片，视觉刺激会促使你产生吃东西的欲望，”苏珊娜·希格斯说。分析句子结构可知，这里为同位语从句。从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故填that。 30.（2023·浙江·二模）Moreover, for those who love hiking, jogging or cycling, the Thousand Islands Lake in Chun’an County is an ideal destination 128 it takes pride in 1, 078 islands, winding roads and charming villages. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：此外，对于那些喜欢徒步旅行、慢跑或骑自行车的人来说，淳安县的千岛湖是一个理想的目的地，因为它拥有1078个岛屿、蜿蜒的道路和迷人的村庄。分析句子可知，此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。故填as/because/since/for。 31.（2023·浙江·模拟预测）He said his province “will become a cultural center in Europe in the next ten months, 119 it is the first time that the Chinese Terracotta Warriors have been exhibited abroad since the (COVID-19) pandemic.” 【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意：他说，该省“将在未来10个月内成为欧洲的文化中心，因为这是自新冠肺炎疫情以来中国兵马俑首次在国外展出。”根据句意可知，空处考查原因状语从句的连接词，用because或者as。故填because/as。 32.【2024·江苏省连云港高三上学期11月期中】Here’s 58   the game is played. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：下面是比赛的进行方式。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语，应用how引导表语从句。故填how。 33.【2024·浙江省台州市高三上学期第一次教学质量评估】Biangbiang noodles, are named for the “biang-ing” sound the noodles are said to make when 61 (beat) on the table as they are being formed. 【解析】考查状语从句省略。句意：Biangbiang面，因据说面条在成型时在桌子上拍打时发出的“biang-ing”声而得名。分析句子可知，这里考查时间状语状语从句的省略，从句主语和主句主句一致，且从句含有be动词，对从句的主语和be动词省略，补充完整句子后为when biangbiang noodles are beaten on the table as they are being formed。故填beaten。 34.【2024·江苏省苏州市高三上学期期末摸底调研】Once 37 (complete), the new national park will include 67 existing panda reserves. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：一旦建成，新的国家公园将包括67个现有的熊猫保护区。分析句子结构，本句为状语从句省略，还原为：Once the new national park is completed,省略了主语和 is。故填completed。 35.【2024·江苏省决胜新高考高三上学期12月大联考】56 modem medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：在现代医学出现之前，古代中国人使用石器来缓解疼痛。分析句子结构，空处引导一个状语从句。根据空后的“modem medicine came to life”和主句“ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain”可知，现代医学发生在古代中国人用石器之后，所以这里表示“在现代医学出现之前，古代中国人使用石器来缓解疼痛”，所以应用before引导时间状语从句。故填Before。 36.【广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三试题】 45 burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for moment if you can. 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你们肩上有什么负担，只要可以的话，暂时放下。结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处缺少让步状语从句连接词，whatever“无论什么”符合句意，位于句首注意首字母要大写，故填Whatever。 37.【2024·江苏省南菁高中、常州一中高三上学期12月阶段考试】Meanwhile, 44 some people said they can taste the flavor of the liquor but not the actual alcohol, others said that they clearly felt dizzy after drinking the coffee. 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：与此同时，虽然有些人说他们能尝到酒的味道，但尝不出真正的酒精，但也有人说他们喝完咖啡后明显感到头晕。分析句子，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”用while/though/although。故填while/though/although。 38.【2024·江苏省苏州市高三上学期期末摸底调研】45 this improvement is positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：尽管这一进步是积极的，但世界仍需要做很多事情来帮助保护这种珍贵物种的生存。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though或although。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Though 或 Although。 39.【湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检】Once 41 (dry) and processed to make green tea, their value increases significantly. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：一旦干燥并加工成绿茶，它们的价值就会大大增加。此处为once+过去分词作状语的省略形式，还原为完整的句子应该是once they are dried and processed to make green tea的条件状语从句，当从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词时，从句省略主语和be动词。故填dried。 40.【江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年高三上学期期终教学质量调研测试英语试卷】42 four decades of handwork has deformed (变形) his fingers, Hu has won many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts. 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管四十年的手工使胡的手指变形，但他在工艺美术领域获得了许多奖项。分析句子结构，空处引导一个状语从句。根据句意，“four decades of handwork has deformed(变形) his fingers”和“Hu has won many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts”之间是让步关系，应用Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。故Although/Though/While。 41.【广东省东莞市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题】We will have a unique global footprint in 2030 welcoming and uniting the world while 43 (celebrate) together the beautiful game and the centennial World Cup. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：我们将在2030年以独特的全球足迹欢迎和团结世界，同时共同庆祝美丽的比赛和百年世界杯。根据空格前的while可知，此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句完整的形式是while we are celebrating together the beautiful game and the centennial World Cup，从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中用be动词are，符合状语从句的省略的条件，省略we are。故填celebrating。 42.【2024·江苏省南菁高中、常州一中高三上学期12月阶段考试】Meanwhile, 44 some people said they can taste the flavor of the liquor but not the actual alcohol, others said that they clearly felt dizzy after drinking the coffee. 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：与此同时，虽然有些人说他们能尝到酒的味道，但尝不出真正的酒精，但也有人说他们喝完咖啡后明显感到头晕。分析句子，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”用while/though/although。故填while/though/although。 43.【北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题】 20 only around 10 percent of Pico’s original vineyards have been restored (恢复), the appellation of origin has earned some of the country’s top wine honors. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然只有大约10%的皮科原始葡萄园得到了修复，但它的原产地名称已经赢得了该国一些顶级葡萄酒的荣誉。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while、although或though，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。 44.【北京市朝阳区2023~2024学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷】 These cultural heritage sites enrich our daily lives in countless ways, 16 we experience them directly or through the medium of a connected device. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这些文化遗产以无数的方式丰富了我们的日常生活，无论是我们直接体验它们还是通过连接设备的媒介。分析句子，句中引导状语从句，句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“无论是……还是……”。故填whether。 45.【2024·江苏省前黄高级中学高三上学期期中适应性考试】The atmosphere at the opening ceremony reached the highlight 64 the digital torchbearer lit the main cauldron(主火炬台), which marked a historic moment in the Asian Games’ history. 【解析】考查连词、状语从句。句意：当数码火炬手点燃亚运会主火炬时，开幕式的气氛达到高潮，这标志着亚运会历史上的一个历史性时刻。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用连词when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故填when。 46.【北京市朝阳区2023~2024学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷】One day, while 11 （shop）, I was approached by a woman I didn't know. 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：一天，我在购物的时候，一个我不认识的女人走过来。分析句子，句中构成状语从句的省略结构，还原后为：while I was shopping,省略了 I was。故填shopping。 47.【广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三试题】 45 burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for moment if you can. Life is short, so enjoy it. 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你们肩上有什么负担，只要可以的话，暂时放下。结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处缺少让步状语从句连接词，whatever“无论什么”符合句意，位于句首注意首字母要大写，故填Whatever。 48.【广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】There is so much to take in 37 disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：舞台剧可以吸收的东西太多了，以至于徒弟们通常从孩童时期就开始了他们的演艺生涯，花数年时间为舞台剧训练自己的身体和思想。so…that…如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 49.【2024届南通暨苏北七市（扬泰徐淮连宿）高三第二次调研测试英语试题】It is believed that Chinese knotting, also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages ____56____ writing was invented. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：人们认为，在文字发明之前，中国的结，也被称为“中国结”，起源于记录信息和交换信息。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”应用before。故填before。 50.【浙江省金华市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】 57 frequent fractures (骨折) meant he couldn't walk independently, he remained optimistic and hardworking. 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：尽管频繁的骨折使他无法独立行走，但他依然保持乐观和勤奋。此处引导让步状语从句，应用although/though/while引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。 51.（23-24高三上·广东汕头·期末）“Images of these female roles came instantly to mind 168 I saw the ancient stage at the Summer Palace,” she said. 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：她说：“当我看到颐和园的古老舞台时，我立刻想到了这些女性角色的形象。”根据句意并分析句子，空处应用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$