专题09 击破定语从句专项语法训练（知识网络+考点考法+考点练透）-备战2025年高考英语语法填空专项训练

专题09 击破定语从句专题语法专项训练 击破目录 第一部分 定语从句基础知识 1 一．近3年高考题中出现定语从句考点统计表 1 二．定语从句的基本知识 2 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 2 （二）关系副词引导的定语从句 5 （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 7 （四）定语从句与七种易混句型的区别 8 第二部分 定语从句考点考法 12 一．定语从句考点思路点拨 12 二．定语从句考点归纳 12 三．定语从句解题策略 12 第三部分 定语从句考点练透 13 一．高考真题19题 13 二．高考模拟试题40题 16 第一部分 定语从句基础知识 一、近3年高考题中出现定语从句考点统计表 时间 卷次 语法填空 合计 2024年 全国I卷 The Glasshouse stands as an achievement in design 64 brought the plants（答案为which/that） 1 全国II卷 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,”（答案为who） 1 全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the largest national park until Wrangell-Saint Elias, 70 became a national monument （答案为which） 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke （答案为who） 1 浙江1月卷 they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. （答案为that/which） 1 2023年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 There was a town,    64    all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence（答案为where） 1 全国乙卷 Beijing is also a place__63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life（答案为which/that） 1 北京卷 0 浙江卷 0 2022年 全国I卷 It provide stronger protection for all the species ___ live within the Giant Panda Range（答案为that） 1 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight crossed 40 cities（答案为who） 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 0 浙江卷 0 二、定语从句的基本知识 定义： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。 核心概念： 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词 关系词：引导定语从句的词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 I like online shopping, which is also a way to release(减轻) working stress. （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who，whom和whose引导的定语从句 ① who和whom都指人。who在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。 I have many friends (who/whom) I’m going to send postcards to. Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields. ②whose指人的或物的，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用of which代替，指人时可用of whom代替。 My eldest son，whose work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment. 2.that和which引导的定语从句 that代替的先行词可以是人也可以是物，但是which代替的先行词只能是物。使用这两个关系词要注意以下两点： (1)6种只用that引导定语从句的情况 ①先行词是all，everything，anything，nothing，something，little， much，none，few，the one等不定代词时。 ②先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修饰时。 ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时。 ④先行词被the only，the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时。 ⑤先行词既有人又有物时。 ⑥当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。 2.4种只用which引导定语从句的情况 (1)引导非限制性定语从句时。 (2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。 (3)先行词本身是that时。 (4)关系代词后有插入语时。 3. as引导的定语从句 as引导限制性定语从句主要用于the same...as...，such...as...和so...as...结构中。 as既可以指人也可以指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 We have found the same materials as are used in their factory. These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected. 4. 引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别 关系词 位置不同 表意不同 as 既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中 意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多用see，know，expect，say，mention，report等 which 通常放在主句之后 意为“这一点”或“这件事”等 As anybody can see，the elephant is like a snake. The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. She married again，which was unexpected. 5. 定语从句中的主谓一致 (1) 关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致；先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。 The recorder that has been given to me is homemade. (2)“one of＋复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词常用复数，但当one前有the、the only、the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。 He is one of the students who have made great progress. He is the only one of the students who has made great progress. 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1. 关系副词指代的先行词及其作用 先行词 关系副词 在从句中的作用 与“介词＋关系代词”的关系 表示时间的名词：time，day，year等 when 作时间状语 ＝at/in/on/during which 表示场所的名词：park，place，country，house等  where 作地点状语 ＝in/at/to/on which 表示原因的名词：reason why 作原因状语 ＝for which We live in an age when(in which) more information is available with great ease than ever before. The school where(at which) I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. The reason why(for which) he didn’t pass the driving test was that he lacked practice. 2.有时先行词是表示抽象地点的名词，像activity，business，career，case，job，point，position，race，stage，situation等，当从句中缺少状语时，用关系副词where。 They have reached the point where they have to separate from each other. 3. 先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel a meeting because of ill health. Taking her with me on official occasions where many important figures are present has been a challenge. 4.当先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，关系词可用that，in which或省略关系词。 It’s not what you say；it’s the way(that/in which) you say it. 5. 关系副词与关系代词的选择 选用关系代词与关系副词时，首先应明确关系副词不可作主语或宾语。若定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，则定语从句需用关系代词引导；从句的谓语是及物动词，而其后无宾语，就必须用关系代词替代先行词充当其宾语；若为不及物动词，则从句中不需要宾语，需要用关系副词。 如： 【典例1】The factory____________he once worked is closed now. 【解析】考查关系副词。句意：你曾经工作过的工厂现在关闭了。work与factory不能直接构成动宾关系，只有后面加上介词in才能构成正确的表达形式，work in the factory。因此可推知work为不及物动词。因此此处应使用关系副词where作地点状语。故填where。 【典例1】The factory______he set up last year is operating well. 【解析】考查关系副词。句意：你去年开的那家工厂经营得很好。该题从句谓语动词可以和先行词构成动宾结构set up the factory，所以set up 是及物动词短语。其后缺宾语，因此此处用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。 三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1. 若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。 He is the person on whom you can depend. He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag. Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，three of which were English novels. 2.“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定 (1) 依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定 I bought a great many books，on which I spent all my money that I had saved. (2) 依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定 I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. (3) 根据所表达的意思来确定 The colourless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 3.whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。 The newly built cafe，the walls of which(＝whose walls) are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work. 四、定语从句与其他七种易混句型的区别 (一)定语从句与并列句的区别 两个句子之间若有and，but，so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。 1.She has written many novels，some of are interesting. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她写了许多小说，其中一些很有趣。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels，“some of which”在从句中作主语。故填which。 2.She has written many novels，and some of are interesting. 【解析】考查代词。句意：她写了很多小说，其中一些很有趣。此句为and连接的并列句，“some of them”意为“他们中的一些人”作主语。故填 them。 (二) 定语从句与独立主格结构的区别 定语从句有谓语动词，所以需要引导词，而独立主格结构不是句子，没有谓语动词，所以不需要再填引导词。 1.She has collected many old stamps，most of are worth thousands of dollars. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她收集了许多旧邮票，其中大部分价值数千美元美元。分析句子结构可知，which引导定语从句，修饰先行词stamps，“most of which”在从句中作主语，后边有谓语动词are。故填which。 2.She has collected many old stamps，most of worth thousands of dollars. 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：她收集了许多旧邮票，其中大多数价值数千美元。逗号后面没有谓语动词，是独立主格结构，不需要引导词，故填them。故填them。 (三) 定语从句与地点状语从句的区别 定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，而地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。 1.We young people should go to the place is in need of help. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们年轻人应该去需要帮助的地方。关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the place”，且在从句中作主语。故填which/that。 2.We young people should go we’re most needed. 【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：我们年轻人应该去最需要我们的地方。where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。故填where。 (四) 定语从句与时间状语从句的区别 定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰先行词，而时间状语从句修饰谓语动词。 1.I will always remember the days I lived with my grandparents in the countryside. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我会永远记得我和爷爷奶奶住在一起的日子农村。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the days”，且在从句中作状语。故填when。 2.I always remember the days in the countryside I see the photo of my grandparents. 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当我看到祖父母的照片时，我总是想起在农村的日子。when引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。故填when。 (五) 定语从句与结果状语从句的区别 在the same...as...与such...as...结构中，as引导定语从句并在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so...that...引导的结果状语从句中，that在从句中不作成分。 1.This is such an interesting work of art all of us like. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是一件我们都喜欢的有趣的艺术品。as引导定语从句，as在从句中作like的宾语。故填as。 2.This is such an interesting work of art all of us like it. 【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意：这是一件如此有趣的艺术品，我们都喜欢它。这是由such...that...引导的结果状语从句。故填that。 (六) 定语从句与主语从句的区别 定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。 1. is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month. 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：众所周知，月球每月绕地球运行一次。as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整句话的内容。故填as。 2. is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 【解析】考查形式主语。句意：众所周知，月球绕地球运行一次每个月。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填it。 3. is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，月球每月绕地球一周。what在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面的that引导的则是表语从句。故填What。 (七) 定语从句与强调句型的区别 强调句的结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，It is/was和that/who在句中不作任何成分，也不起连接作用，去掉后，句子依然完整。但是定语从句的关系词既起连接作用还在从句中充当成分，去掉以后结构就不完整了。 1.It was on the morning of May 1st I met Liang Wei at the airport. 【解析】考查强调句。句意：5月1日上午，我在机场遇到了梁伟。将句子改为：I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport.显然，这句话是完整的，故为强调句。故填that。 2.It is the factory Mr Wang works. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是王先生工作的工厂。此句是定语从句，将句子改为：It is the factory where Mr Wang works.可知the factory前少介词in，故填where。 第二部分 定语从句考点考法 一、定语从句考点思路点拨 (一)如何选用定语从句的关系词 (二)首先分清主句和定语从句 (三)确定定语从句的先行词 (四)把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语） (五)若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词， 在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。 二．定语从句考点归纳 (一)关系代词引导的定语从句 (二)关系副词与关系代词的选择 三．定语从句的解题策略 第三部分 定语从句考点练透 一．高考真题19题 1.【2024新课标I卷】The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 2.【2024新课标II卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 3.【2024全国甲卷】 Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 4.【2024年北京卷】And when asked about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 5.【2024浙江1月卷】Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 6.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,   63    Rachel Carson says in ”A Fable for Tomorrow.” 7.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America,    64    all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins,borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 8.(2023年全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____63____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 9. (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 10.(2022年全国甲卷)On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. 11.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷) I decided that if I learned of a company ___________ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back. 12.(2020全国Ⅰ卷) Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 13.(2020全国Ⅲ卷) In ancient China lived an artist _______ paintings were almost lifelike. 14.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ____________ opened in 1759. 15.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷) The Digital World is a set of volumes ______________ aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. 16. (2019全国Ⅰ卷) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _______ she opened with her late husband Les. 17. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 18. (2017全国Ⅲ卷) But Sarah, ______ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 19. (2016全国Ⅰ卷) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _______I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 一．高考模拟题40题 1.【广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】It seemed that this superb artistry was expressing a unique view of the world that developed in and around Sanxingdui, 43 lay in the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze River, a remote region surrounded by high mountains. 2.【广东省佛山市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】Known as “the only master in China 34 can translate classical Chinese poetry,” Xu translated over 120 publications in Chinese, English, and French. 3.【广东省清远市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】Besides, there are other varieties, 42 contain flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea products. 4.【广东省茂名市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】“Slow train” is a lifeline in China’s remote regions. Train No. 5629/5630, 36 is the only passenger train serving on the Sichuan-Guizhou Railway Line, is one of the 81 pairs of slow trains operating in China. 5.（2024·广东汕头·一模） In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 20 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by. 6.（2024·广东·模拟预测） It will deliver propellants (推进剂), science payloads and necessities for the Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 23 have been in orbit for 81 days. 7.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）More than a century ago, 32 electronic forms of communication were not available, overseas Chinese had to find ways to send messages back home. Qiaopi, a unique form of mail comprising a letter and a remittance(汇款), emerged and served as a bond between Chinese emigrants and their families back home. 8.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·阶段练习）She also notes the absence of the 4th floors in some Chinese buildings due to the superstition (迷信) associated with the number four, the pronunciation of 49 is nearly identical to that of the word for “death” in Chinese. 9.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）However, outside of campus, I often found myself wandering into the park, in 54 I would sit and watch people dancing on the square. 10.（2024·广东湛江·一模）With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, 70 served as a significant transportation route in ancient China. 11.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）The IOC has a complete guide for those 76 want to apply to these contests. 12.【2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题】It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site ___42___ the ancestors lived more than 7, 000 years ago. 13.【2024届南通暨苏北七市（扬泰徐淮连宿）高三第二次调研测试英语试题】Chinese knots are created in a variety of colors such as gold, green, blue, or black, though the most commonly used color is red,_61_ symbolizes good luck and prosperity. 14.【2024届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷】From there they go directly to the organs_____64_____treatment assistance is needed. 15.【2024届浙江省湖州市、丽水市、衢州市三地市高三下学期二模英语试题】Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage 61 another crunchy snack —the potato chip—lacked. 16.【2024届浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模英语试题】He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from ____36____ he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. 17.【2024届浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期4月二模英语试题】 It’s okay to turn to the people around you and your friends, from ____45____ you can get new perspectives and some help. 18.【浙江省湖州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末考试英语试题】In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, 61 had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership. 19.【浙江省温州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量统一检测英语试题（B卷）】During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun improved paper-making techniques, leading to the invention of “paper hawks”, 40 looked like kites as we know them today. 20.【2024届浙江省台州市高三下学期二模英语试题】The first failure taught Tang 59 they needed:finding ways to reduce production costs. 21.【浙江省嘉兴市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】It’s a deep philosophical question that makes us wonder about 44 is known for certain. 22.【浙江省金华市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】Zhang, from Anhui province, has osteogenesis imperfecta, a rare genetic illness 56 makes bones extremely weak, since he was a child. 23.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）The IOC has a complete guide for those 76 want to apply to these contests. 24.（2024·广东湛江·一模）With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, 70 served as a significant transportation route in ancient China. 25.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）However, outside of campus, I often found myself wandering into the park, in 54 I would sit and watch people dancing on the square. 26.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·阶段练习）She also notes the absence of the 4th floors in some Chinese buildings due to the superstition (迷信) associated with the number four, the pronunciation of 49 is nearly identical to that of the word for “death” in Chinese. 27.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）More than a century ago, 32 electronic forms of communication were not available, overseas Chinese had to find ways to send messages back home. Qiaopi, a unique form of mail comprising a letter and a remittance(汇款), emerged and served as a bond between Chinese emigrants and their families back home. 28.（2024·广东·模拟预测）It will deliver propellants (推进剂), science payloads and necessities for the Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 23 have been in orbit for 81 days. 29.（2024·广东汕头·一模） In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 20 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by. 30.（2024·广东茂名·一模）Many historical sites cannot be located specifically and some information is not fully disclosed, for 104 he spent much time carrying out on-site visits. 31.（23-24高三上·广东梅州·期末）His invention used the four-stroke combustion (四冲程燃烧) principle, also known as the “Otto Cycle”, 113 is the basis for most car engines today. 32.（23-24高三上·广东·期末）Many historical sites cannot be located specifically and some information is not fully disclosed, for 125 he spent much time carrying out on-site visits. 33.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·期末）Last year, she climbed Mount Muztagata, 138   stands 7, 546 meters. 34.（23-24高三上·广东潮州·期末） The skewers (烤串) are 70-80 percent cooked before being brought to the table, on 146 diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, leading to a sense of participation. 35.（23-24高三上·广东惠州·阶段练习）From the adorable pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas’s cats in Inner Mongolia, photographer Xie Jianguo has committed himself to documenting China’s rare and endangered animals, 171 highlight the country’s unique natural wonders. 36.（2024·广东肇庆·二模）But the most eye-catching groups in the park are the so-called “Kung Fu Grandpas/ Grannies”, 183 videos have gone viral on the Internet. 37.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·期末）The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book written by Tang Dynasty scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in 191 he described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting. 38.【2024届陕西省安康市高三下学期第三次质量联考英语试卷】The reserve is home to more than 21 identified rare and endangered wildlife species in water, among 49 nine species such as the Chinese white dolphin and the nautilus are classified as first-class protected animals at the national level, while varieties of other 27 species, such as the common bottlenose dolphin is classified as second-class protected animals. 39.【2024届陕西省榆林市高三下学期三模英语试题】Local residents 46 are familiar with the matter warned that snow sculptures do not melt (融化) inch by inch but rather could suddenly collapse. 40.【2024届陕西省商洛市高三下学期三模英语试题】According to TCM (中医), there are a dozen meridians (经脉) in the human body, 65 the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish the organs. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题09 击破定语从句专题语法专项训练 击破目录 第一部分 定语从句基础知识 1 一．近3年高考题中出现定语从句考点统计表 1 二．定语从句的基本知识 2 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 2 （二）关系副词引导的定语从句 5 （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 7 （四）定语从句与七种易混句型的区别 8 第二部分 定语从句考点考法 12 一．定语从句考点思路点拨 12 二．定语从句考点归纳 12 三．定语从句解题策略 12 第三部分 定语从句考点练透 13 一．高考真题19题 13 二．高考模拟试题40题 19 第一部分 定语从句基础知识 一、近3年高考题中出现定语从句考点统计表 时间 卷次 语法填空 合计 2024年 全国I卷 The Glasshouse stands as an achievement in design 64 brought the plants（答案为which/that） 1 全国II卷 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,”（答案为who） 1 全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the largest national park until Wrangell-Saint Elias, 70 became a national monument （答案为which） 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke （答案为who） 1 浙江1月卷 they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. （答案为that/which） 1 2023年 全国I卷 0 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 There was a town,    64    all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence（答案为where） 1 全国乙卷 Beijing is also a place__63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life（答案为which/that） 1 北京卷 0 浙江卷 0 2022年 全国I卷 It provide stronger protection for all the species ___ live within the Giant Panda Range（答案为that） 1 全国II卷 0 全国甲卷 the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight crossed 40 cities（答案为who） 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 0 浙江卷 0 二、定语从句的基本知识 定义： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。 核心概念： 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词 关系词：引导定语从句的词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 I like online shopping, which is also a way to release(减轻) working stress. （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who，whom和whose引导的定语从句 ① who和whom都指人。who在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。 I have many friends (who/whom) I’m going to send postcards to. Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields. ②whose指人的或物的，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用of which代替，指人时可用of whom代替。 My eldest son，whose work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment. 2.that和which引导的定语从句 that代替的先行词可以是人也可以是物，但是which代替的先行词只能是物。使用这两个关系词要注意以下两点： (1)6种只用that引导定语从句的情况 ①先行词是all，everything，anything，nothing，something，little， much，none，few，the one等不定代词时。 ②先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修饰时。 ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时。 ④先行词被the only，the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时。 ⑤先行词既有人又有物时。 ⑥当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。 2.4种只用which引导定语从句的情况 (1)引导非限制性定语从句时。 (2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。 (3)先行词本身是that时。 (4)关系代词后有插入语时。 3. as引导的定语从句 as引导限制性定语从句主要用于the same...as...，such...as...和so...as...结构中。 as既可以指人也可以指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 We have found the same materials as are used in their factory. These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected. 4. 引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别 关系词 位置不同 表意不同 as 既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中 意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多用see，know，expect，say，mention，report等 which 通常放在主句之后 意为“这一点”或“这件事”等 As anybody can see，the elephant is like a snake. The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. She married again，which was unexpected. 5. 定语从句中的主谓一致 (1) 关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致；先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。 The recorder that has been given to me is homemade. (2)“one of＋复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词常用复数，但当one前有the、the only、the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。 He is one of the students who have made great progress. He is the only one of the students who has made great progress. 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1. 关系副词指代的先行词及其作用 先行词 关系副词 在从句中的作用 与“介词＋关系代词”的关系 表示时间的名词：time，day，year等 when 作时间状语 ＝at/in/on/during which 表示场所的名词：park，place，country，house等  where 作地点状语 ＝in/at/to/on which 表示原因的名词：reason why 作原因状语 ＝for which We live in an age when(in which) more information is available with great ease than ever before. The school where(at which) I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. The reason why(for which) he didn’t pass the driving test was that he lacked practice. 2.有时先行词是表示抽象地点的名词，像activity，business，career，case，job，point，position，race，stage，situation等，当从句中缺少状语时，用关系副词where。 They have reached the point where they have to separate from each other. 3. 先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel a meeting because of ill health. Taking her with me on official occasions where many important figures are present has been a challenge. 4.当先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，关系词可用that，in which或省略关系词。 It’s not what you say；it’s the way(that/in which) you say it. 5. 关系副词与关系代词的选择 选用关系代词与关系副词时，首先应明确关系副词不可作主语或宾语。若定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，则定语从句需用关系代词引导；从句的谓语是及物动词，而其后无宾语，就必须用关系代词替代先行词充当其宾语；若为不及物动词，则从句中不需要宾语，需要用关系副词。 如： 【典例1】The factory____________he once worked is closed now. 【解析】考查关系副词。句意：你曾经工作过的工厂现在关闭了。work与factory不能直接构成动宾关系，只有后面加上介词in才能构成正确的表达形式，work in the factory。因此可推知work为不及物动词。因此此处应使用关系副词where作地点状语。故填where。 【典例1】The factory______he set up last year is operating well. 【解析】考查关系副词。句意：你去年开的那家工厂经营得很好。该题从句谓语动词可以和先行词构成动宾结构set up the factory，所以set up 是及物动词短语。其后缺宾语，因此此处用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。 三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1. 若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。 He is the person on whom you can depend. He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag. Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，three of which were English novels. 2.“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定 (1) 依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定 I bought a great many books，on which I spent all my money that I had saved. (2) 依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定 I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. (3) 根据所表达的意思来确定 The colourless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 3.whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。 The newly built cafe，the walls of which(＝whose walls) are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work. 四、定语从句与其他七种易混句型的区别 (一)定语从句与并列句的区别 两个句子之间若有and，but，so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。 1.She has written many novels，some of are interesting. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她写了许多小说，其中一些很有趣。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels，“some of which”在从句中作主语。故填which。 2.She has written many novels，and some of are interesting. 【解析】考查代词。句意：她写了很多小说，其中一些很有趣。此句为and连接的并列句，“some of them”意为“他们中的一些人”作主语。故填 them。 (二) 定语从句与独立主格结构的区别 定语从句有谓语动词，所以需要引导词，而独立主格结构不是句子，没有谓语动词，所以不需要再填引导词。 1.She has collected many old stamps，most of are worth thousands of dollars. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她收集了许多旧邮票，其中大部分价值数千美元美元。分析句子结构可知，which引导定语从句，修饰先行词stamps，“most of which”在从句中作主语，后边有谓语动词are。故填which。 2.She has collected many old stamps，most of worth thousands of dollars. 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：她收集了许多旧邮票，其中大多数价值数千美元。逗号后面没有谓语动词，是独立主格结构，不需要引导词，故填them。故填them。 (三) 定语从句与地点状语从句的区别 定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，而地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。 1.We young people should go to the place is in need of help. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们年轻人应该去需要帮助的地方。关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the place”，且在从句中作主语。故填which/that。 2.We young people should go we’re most needed. 【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：我们年轻人应该去最需要我们的地方。where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。故填where。 (四) 定语从句与时间状语从句的区别 定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰先行词，而时间状语从句修饰谓语动词。 1.I will always remember the days I lived with my grandparents in the countryside. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我会永远记得我和爷爷奶奶住在一起的日子农村。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the days”，且在从句中作状语。故填when。 2.I always remember the days in the countryside I see the photo of my grandparents. 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当我看到祖父母的照片时，我总是想起在农村的日子。when引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。故填when。 (五) 定语从句与结果状语从句的区别 在the same...as...与such...as...结构中，as引导定语从句并在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so...that...引导的结果状语从句中，that在从句中不作成分。 1.This is such an interesting work of art all of us like. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是一件我们都喜欢的有趣的艺术品。as引导定语从句，as在从句中作like的宾语。故填as。 2.This is such an interesting work of art all of us like it. 【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意：这是一件如此有趣的艺术品，我们都喜欢它。这是由such...that...引导的结果状语从句。故填that。 (六) 定语从句与主语从句的区别 定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。 1. is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month. 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：众所周知，月球每月绕地球运行一次。as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整句话的内容。故填as。 2. is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 【解析】考查形式主语。句意：众所周知，月球绕地球运行一次每个月。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填it。 3. is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，月球每月绕地球一周。what在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面的that引导的则是表语从句。故填What。 (七) 定语从句与强调句型的区别 强调句的结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，It is/was和that/who在句中不作任何成分，也不起连接作用，去掉后，句子依然完整。但是定语从句的关系词既起连接作用还在从句中充当成分，去掉以后结构就不完整了。 1.It was on the morning of May 1st I met Liang Wei at the airport. 【解析】考查强调句。句意：5月1日上午，我在机场遇到了梁伟。将句子改为：I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport.显然，这句话是完整的，故为强调句。故填that。 2.It is the factory Mr Wang works. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是王先生工作的工厂。此句是定语从句，将句子改为：It is the factory where Mr Wang works.可知the factory前少介词in，故填where。 第二部分 定语从句考点考法 一、定语从句考点思路点拨 (一)如何选用定语从句的关系词 (二)首先分清主句和定语从句 (三)确定定语从句的先行词 (四)把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语） (五)若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词， 在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。 二．定语从句考点归纳 (一)关系代词引导的定语从句 (二)关系副词与关系代词的选择 三．定语从句的解题策略 第三部分 定语从句考点练透 一．高考真题19题 1.【2024新课标I卷】The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：句意：这座温室是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 2.【2024新课标II卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3.【2024全国甲卷】 Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 4.【2024年北京卷】And when asked about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 5.【2024浙江1月卷】Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 6.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,   63    Rachel Carson says in ”A Fable for Tomorrow.” 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容。且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 7.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America,    64    all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins,borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 8.(2023年全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____63____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：但是，尽管有许多古老的建筑，北京也是一个欢迎快节奏的地方现代生活的发展，与21世纪的建筑奇迹并肩而立过去的历史建筑。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，故填which/that。 9. (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更强有力的保护，并显着改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。引导限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词species指物，且先行词前由all修饰，只能用关系代词that，故填that。 10.(2022年全国甲卷)On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅途中，8岁时因车祸失明的男子曹生康穿越了三个省的40个市县。 分析句子结构可知，空处所在句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Cao Shengkang。该定语从句缺少主语，且先行词指人，需用who来引导该定语从句，放填who。 11.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷) I decided that if I learned of a company ___________ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用。引导定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词为company，故填that或which。 12.(2020全国Ⅰ卷) Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：由于月球的身体阻挡了与探测器的直接无线电通信，中国首先必须在月球上方的轨道上放置一颗卫星，在那里它可以向宇宙飞船发送信号，并向月球发送信号地球。先行词为spot，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 13.(2020全国Ⅲ卷) In ancient China lived an artist _______ paintings were almost lifelike. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。指这位画家的画作，先行词为artist，引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，故填whose。 14.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ____________ opened in 1759. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件藏品，构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。先行词为the British Museum，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that，故填which或that。 15.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷) The Digital World is a set of volumes ______________ aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：《数字世界》是一组旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统及其许多相互作用部分的本质的卷。先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。 16. (2019全国Ⅰ卷) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _______ she opened with her late husband Les. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：现在，艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天从早上9点工作到下午5点，在麦克尔斯菲尔德的一家宠物店工作，这家店是她和已故丈夫莱斯一起开的。引导非限制性定语从句, 在从句中作opened的宾语，先行词为the pet shop，故用which。 17. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被主人训练得很好，主人对照倾这些动物很有经验。引导定语从句, 从句中缺主语, 先行词为masters，故填that/ who。 18. (2017全国Ⅲ卷) But Sarah, ______ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：但是和顶级模特一起参加过秀的Sarah,想要证明自己除了美丽，还有头脑。设空及后面的部分是非限制性定语从句，补充说明Sarah的情况，先行词Sarah是人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导，故填who。 19. (2016全国Ⅰ卷) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _______I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：但我与大熊猫的渊源要追溯到上世纪80年代中期，我在一个TV节目上的日子，当时我是第一个获准拍摄照顾野外饥饿获救的大熊猫的特殊部门的西方TV记者。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the mid-1980s，并在从句中作时间状语，故用when。 一．高考模拟题40题 1.【广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】It seemed that this superb artistry was expressing a unique view of the world that developed in and around Sanxingdui, 43 lay in the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze River, a remote region surrounded by high mountains. 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Sanxingdui, 指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 2.【广东省佛山市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】Known as “the only master in China 34 can translate classical Chinese poetry,” Xu translated over 120 publications in Chinese, English, and French. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：被誉为“中国唯一能翻译中国古典诗词的大师”,他翻译了120多篇中、英、法出版物。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the only master,指代人，用关系代词that或who引导，在从句中作主语。故填that/who。 3.【广东省清远市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】Besides, there are other varieties, 42 contain flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea products. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：此外，还有其他品种，其中包含花茶，以及2000多种茶产品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词varieties作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 4.【广东省茂名市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】“Slow train” is a lifeline in China’s remote regions. Train No. 5629/5630, 36 is the only passenger train serving on the Sichuan-Guizhou Railway Line, is one of the 81 pairs of slow trains operating in China. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：5629/5630次列车是川黔线上唯一的一趟客运列车，也是中国81对慢火车之一。这里为定语从句的先行词，先行词为“Train No. 5629/5630”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5.（2024·广东汕头·一模） In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 20 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：下午，可以在海边的咖啡馆里享受一杯浓郁的咖啡，偶尔有渔船经过，感觉就像在一幅移动的画中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6.（2024·广东·模拟预测） It will deliver propellants (推进剂), science payloads and necessities for the Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 23 have been in orbit for 81 days. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它将为已经在轨道上飞行了81天的神舟十七号宇航员运送推进剂、科学有效载荷和必需品。分析句子结构，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为astronauts，指人，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。 7.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）More than a century ago, 32 electronic forms of communication were not available, overseas Chinese had to find ways to send messages back home. Qiaopi, a unique form of mail comprising a letter and a remittance(汇款), emerged and served as a bond between Chinese emigrants and their families back home. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一个多世纪以前，在电子通信还没有出现，海外华人不得不想办法向国内发送信息。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为century，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 8.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·阶段练习）She also notes the absence of the 4th floors in some Chinese buildings due to the superstition (迷信) associated with the number four, the pronunciation of 49 is nearly identical to that of the word for “death” in Chinese. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她还指出，由于与数字四有关的迷信，一些中国建筑中没有4楼，数字四的发音与汉语中“死亡”一词的发音几乎相同。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导定语从句，先行词为the number four，指代物，空处指代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 9.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）However, outside of campus, I often found myself wandering into the park, in 54 I would sit and watch people dancing on the square. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，在校园外，我经常发现自己漫步到公园里，我会坐在那里看人们在广场上跳舞。此处先行词the park在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用in which来引导定语从句。故填which。 10.（2024·广东湛江·一模）With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, 70 served as a significant transportation route in ancient China. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：大运河连接中国东部浙江省的北京和杭州，有着2500多年的历史，是中国古代重要的交通路线。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the Grand Canal。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系副词which引导该从句。故填which。 11.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）The IOC has a complete guide for those 76 want to apply to these contests. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：国际奥委会为那些想要申请参加这些比赛的人提供了一份完整的指南。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，常用who作引导词，故填who。 12.【2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题】It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site ___42___ the ancestors lived more than 7, 000 years ago. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它最初是在7000多年前祖先居住的河姆渡遗址的木结构中发现的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词Hemudu site，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 13.【2024届南通暨苏北七市（扬泰徐淮连宿）高三第二次调研测试英语试题】Chinese knots are created in a variety of colors such as gold, green, blue, or black, though the most commonly used color is red,_61_ symbolizes good luck and prosperity. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国结有多种颜色，如金色、绿色、蓝色或黑色，但最常用的颜色是红色，象征着好运和繁荣。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词red，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 14.【2024届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷】From there they go directly to the organs_____64_____treatment assistance is needed. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从那里，它们直接进入需要治疗帮助的器官。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，意为“在器官中”表示地点。故填where。 15.【2024届浙江省湖州市、丽水市、衢州市三地市高三下学期二模英语试题】Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage 61 another crunchy snack —the potato chip—lacked. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：爆米花不仅可以移动，而且可以在没有厨房的情况下批量生产，这是另一种脆脆的零食-薯片——所缺乏的优势。在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为advantage, 所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 16.【2024届浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模英语试题】He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from ____36____ he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他甚至研究了许多古代诗人的全集，从中挑选了数量惊人的关于医学的诗句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是ancient poets，在从句中作宾语，用which引导。故填which。 17.【2024届浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期4月二模英语试题】 It’s okay to turn to the people around you and your friends, from ____45____ you can get new perspectives and some help. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：求助于你周围的人和你的朋友是可以的，你可以从他们那里获得新的视角和一些帮助。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词people在从句中作介词from的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 18.【浙江省湖州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末考试英语试题】In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, 61 had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：1870年，当狄更斯去世时，全世界都在悼念他，因为他是第一位职业作家和出版人，他很有名，很受爱戴，他引领了小说出版和读者数量的爆炸式增长。空格处为定语从句的连接词，且代替先行词在从句中作主语，先行词为人，所以用who。故填who。 19.【浙江省温州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量统一检测英语试题（B卷）】During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun improved paper-making techniques, leading to the invention of “paper hawks”, 40 looked like kites as we know them today. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：东汉时期，蔡伦改进了造纸技术，发明了“纸鹰”，看起来就像我们今天所知道的风筝。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是paper hawks，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 20.【2024届浙江省台州市高三下学期二模英语试题】The first failure taught Tang 59 they needed:finding ways to reduce production costs. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：第一次失败教会了唐他们所需要的：找到降低生产成本的方法。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”, 应用what引导。故填what。 21.【浙江省嘉兴市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】It’s a deep philosophical question that makes us wonder about 44 is known for certain. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这是一个深刻的哲学问题，让我们想知道什么是确定的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物应用what。故填what。 22.【浙江省金华市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题】Zhang, from Anhui province, has osteogenesis imperfecta, a rare genetic illness 56 makes bones extremely weak, since he was a child. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：来自安徽省的张先生从小就患有成骨不全症，这是一种罕见的遗传性疾病，会使他的骨骼变得极其脆弱。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词illness, 指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which引导，故填that/which。 23.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）The IOC has a complete guide for those 76 want to apply to these contests. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：国际奥委会为那些想要申请参加这些比赛的人提供了一份完整的指南。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，常用who作引导词，故填who。 24.（2024·广东湛江·一模）With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, 70 served as a significant transportation route in ancient China. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：大运河连接中国东部浙江省的北京和杭州，有着2500多年的历史，是中国古代重要的交通路线。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the Grand Canal。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系副词which引导该从句。故填which。 25.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）However, outside of campus, I often found myself wandering into the park, in 54 I would sit and watch people dancing on the square. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，在校园外，我经常发现自己漫步到公园里，我会坐在那里看人们在广场上跳舞。此处先行词the park在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用in which来引导定语从句。故填which。 26.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·阶段练习）She also notes the absence of the 4th floors in some Chinese buildings due to the superstition (迷信) associated with the number four, the pronunciation of 49 is nearly identical to that of the word for “death” in Chinese. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她还指出，由于与数字四有关的迷信，一些中国建筑中没有4楼，数字四的发音与汉语中“死亡”一词的发音几乎相同。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导定语从句，先行词为the number four，指代物，空处指代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 27.（23-24高三下·广东·阶段练习）More than a century ago, 32 electronic forms of communication were not available, overseas Chinese had to find ways to send messages back home. Qiaopi, a unique form of mail comprising a letter and a remittance(汇款), emerged and served as a bond between Chinese emigrants and their families back home. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一个多世纪以前，在电子通信还没有出现，海外华人不得不想办法向国内发送信息。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为century，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 28.（2024·广东·模拟预测）It will deliver propellants (推进剂), science payloads and necessities for the Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 23 have been in orbit for 81 days. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它将为已经在轨道上飞行了81天的神舟十七号宇航员运送推进剂、科学有效载荷和必需品。分析句子结构，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为astronauts，指人，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。 29.（2024·广东汕头·一模） In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 20 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：下午，可以在海边的咖啡馆里享受一杯浓郁的咖啡，偶尔有渔船经过，感觉就像在一幅移动的画中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 30.（2024·广东茂名·一模）Many historical sites cannot be located specifically and some information is not fully disclosed, for 104 he spent much time carrying out on-site visits. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多历史遗迹无法明确定位，有些信息不完全公开，为此他花了大量时间进行实地考察。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子Many historical sites cannot be located ____3____ (specific) and some information is not fully disclosed，在从句中作介词for的宾语，只能用which引导从句。故填which。 31.（23-24高三上·广东梅州·期末）His invention used the four-stroke combustion (四冲程燃烧) principle, also known as the “Otto Cycle”, 113 is the basis for most car engines today. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他的发明使用了四冲程燃烧原理，也被称为“Otto Cycle”，这是今天大多数汽车发动机的基础。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是four-stroke combustion (四冲程燃烧) principle，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 32.（23-24高三上·广东·期末）Many historical sites cannot be located specifically and some information is not fully disclosed, for 125 he spent much time carrying out on-site visits. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多历史遗迹无法明确定位，有些信息不完全公开，为此他花了大量时间进行实地考察。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作介词for的宾语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 33.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·期末）Last year, she climbed Mount Muztagata, 138   stands 7, 546 meters. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：去年，她登上了海拔7546米的穆兹塔加塔山。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Mount Muztagata在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 34.（23-24高三上·广东潮州·期末） The skewers (烤串) are 70-80 percent cooked before being brought to the table, on 146 diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, leading to a sense of participation. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：烤串在端上餐桌之前要烹饪70-80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烹饪，从而产生一种参与感。分析句子结构可知，空处与空格前的介词on构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的结构。关系词在从句中作介词的宾语，指代先行词table，先行词指物，所以应该关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 35.（23-24高三上·广东惠州·阶段练习）From the adorable pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas’s cats in Inner Mongolia, photographer Xie Jianguo has committed himself to documenting China’s rare and endangered animals, 171 highlight the country’s unique natural wonders. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从四川可爱的大熊猫到内蒙古顽皮的帕拉斯猫，摄影师谢建国致力于记录中国的珍稀濒危动物，这些动物突出了中国独特的自然奇观。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是rare and endangered animals，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 36.（2024·广东肇庆·二模）But the most eye-catching groups in the park are the so-called “Kung Fu Grandpas/ Grannies”, 183 videos have gone viral on the Internet. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但公园里最引人注目的群体是所谓的“功夫爷爷或奶奶”，他们的视频在网上疯传。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Kung Fu Grandpas/ Grannies指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作videos的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 37.（23-24高三上·广东深圳·期末）The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book written by Tang Dynasty scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in 191 he described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“宣纸”一词最早出现在唐朝学者张彦元的一本书中，他在书中把宣纸描述为书画的理想载体。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为book，指代事物，作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 38.【2024届陕西省安康市高三下学期第三次质量联考英语试卷】The reserve is home to more than 21 identified rare and endangered wildlife species in water, among 49 nine species such as the Chinese white dolphin and the nautilus are classified as first-class protected animals at the national level, while varieties of other 27 species, such as the common bottlenose dolphin is classified as second-class protected animals. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：保护区共有21种珍稀濒危野生动物，其中中华白海豚、鹦鹉螺等9种被列为国家一级保护动物，宽吻海豚等27种被列为国家二级保护动物。此处是介词among+关系词引导的定语从句，修饰wildlife specie，且关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用which，故填which。 39.【2024届陕西省榆林市高三下学期三模英语试题】Local residents 46 are familiar with the matter warned that snow sculptures do not melt (融化) inch by inch but rather could suddenly collapse. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：熟悉情况的当地居民警告说，雪雕不是一寸一寸地融化，而是可能突然倒塌。分析句子可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Local residents，指人，在从句中作主语成分，用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 40.【2024届陕西省商洛市高三下学期三模英语试题】According to TCM (中医), there are a dozen meridians (经脉) in the human body, 65 the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish the organs. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：根据中医的说法，人体有十几个经络，在这些经络中，气或生命能量循环以滋养器官。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词meridians作补充说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$