Unit 2 Exploring English单元阶段检测-2024级高一新生英语必修第一册自学资料库（外研版2019）

Unit 2 单元阶段检测 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024·北京·高考真题）The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 1．In the programme, students will _________. A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills 2．To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos 3．What do students need to do during the registration? A．Indicate their languages of interest. B．Select their own coursework. C．Make individual contact. D．Choose their partners. B （23-24高一下·黑龙江大庆·期末）“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well. “Have a nice day. Next!” This version of expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔调) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase the business. The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression serves us when we don’t know what to say. “Oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.” The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you. Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like. 4．How does the author understand Maxie’s words? A．Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. B．Maxie really wishes the author a good day. C．Maxie encourages the author to stay happy. D．Maxie really worries about the author’s security. 5．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A．The salesgirl is polite. B．The salesgirl says the words as a routine. C．The salesgirl cares about me. D．The salesgirl is bored. 6．By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may ________. A．try to be friendly to you B．express respect to you C．give his blessing to you D．share his pleasure with you 7．Which the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage? A．“Have a nice day” is a social custom. B．“Have a nice day” means a polite ending of a conversation. C．“Have a nice day” is a heart-warming greeting. D．“Have a nice day” is a pleasant gesture. C （23-24高一上·全国·单元测试）When it’s raining very heavily we say it’s “raining cats and dogs.” You might even enjoy taking a break from the heat during the “dog days” of the year. Today, many dog-related idioms (习语) are commonplace, but have you ever wondered about the stories behind the sayings? “A dog’s breakfast” is an idiom used to describe a total mess. Believe it or not, this one is thought to come from bad cooking. If a dish is cooked so badly that no person would eat it, it would be given to the dog. The saying is now used to describe anything that ends poorly. Interestingly, for unknown reasons “a dog’s dinner” came to mean “one who is dressed in an improper way.” People may say that you are “barking (吠) up the wrong tree” when you are dealing with something in the wrong way. This idiom dates back to the practice of hunting (打猎) with dogs. The dogs often ran after animals into trees, where their owners could easily find them. If a dog followed the wrong smell, however, they might find themselves barking at a tree that held nothing. Many people even describe the weather by using the image of dogs. The “dog days” are the hottest days of the year. The saying, however, dates back to the ancient Romans. It was the Romans who first noticed that the hottest days of the summer seemed to coincide (同时发生) with the appearance of Sirius, the so-called “dog star” and a part of the Canis Major (“big dog”) constellation (星座). But even the coldest nights have interesting idioms and the history to go with them. One Australian idiom describes the practice of sleeping alongside a dog for warmth during cold evenings. A very cold night might need more than one dog, so it is a “three-dog night.” Dog-related idioms are a part of many people’s everyday language. Digging up the stories of idioms can be difficult, but they often have a rich and interesting history behind them. 8．What is the main purpose of paragraph 1? A．To explain the main idea of the text. B．To bring up the topic of the text. C．To show interesting research. D．To add related examples. 9．Which idiom is related to the activity of hunting? A．Dog days. B．A dog’s dinner. C．A dog’s breakfast. D．Bark up the wrong tree. 10．What can we say about “three-dog night”? A．It has a completely different meaning in Roman culture. B．It can be used to describe extremely cold temperatures. C．It presents the appearance of Sirius in summer. D．It shows people’s love for dogs. 11．Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． D （23-24高二下·安徽·期末）In the Roman times and throughout the Middle Ages, salt was a valuable commodity (商品), and also served as “white gold”. Soldiers in the Roman army were sometimes paid with salt instead of money. Their monthly allowance was called “salarium” (“sal” being the Latin word for salt). This Latin root can be recognized in the French word “salaire” and it eventually made it into English as the word “salary”. Language is something we take for granted. However, as the example with the word “salary” shows, languages are not static. Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too. Given all these similarities, linguists (语言学家) who study the evolution of languages often use tools that are similar to those used by evolutionary biologists. One such tool is the reconstruction of a species tree. Such a tree shows the evolutionary history and relationships within a given group of biological species. Using a reconstructed species tree, evolutionary biologists can often infer specific characteristics of ancestral species. Or they can match up common ancestors in the tree with actual fossils that have been found by paleontologists (古生物学家). This allows them to put real dates at various branching points in the tree. Thus, species tree reconstruction is an essential tool in studying biological evolution. A similar technique can be used to study language evolution because languages also evolve and consist of words that can be easily compared. Indeed, linguists have reconstructed entire language trees. And as with species trees, characteristics of ancient ancestral languages can be derived (衍生) from them. Of course, there also are some differences between species evolution and language evolution, each requiring unique additional methods to study them in detail. But, overall, it is fascinating to see how the basic ideas and research tools of language evolution are similar to those of biological evolution. 12．Why does the author mention the word “salary” in paragraph 1? A．To illustrate the evolution of language. B．To present the effect of Latin on languages. C．To stress the value of salt in ancient times. D．To show developments in linguistic theory. 13．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．Cultural diversity and biodiversity are linked. B．Species and languages have a lot in common. C．Human-caused mass extinction is accelerating. D．Languages influence and learn from each other. 14．What can we know about the reconstructed species tree? A．It is currently in the design stage. B．It facilitates the research of linguists. C．It can be used in a variety of ways. D．It is the first choice for biologists. 15．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Language System Evolved Over Time B．The Twin Extinctions of Species and Languages C．Salt Played a Crucial Role in Early Human History D．From Salt to Salary: Linguists Take a Page from Biology 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （23-24高二下·江西·期末）Learning a foreign language can be difficult, but if you follow certain techniques, you’ll be able to learn any language soon. Although there’s no easy way to go about it, with some hard work and practice, you can be fluent in the near future. Learn from your past experience. If you’ve learned languages in the past, go over what you learned then and try to figure out what was most effective for you. 16 What didn’t? Which parts of the process did you find easy? Which parts were hard? When you’ve sorted this out, you’ll be ready to start learning the language. Study English Phonology (音系学). English Phonology deals with English pronunciation. 17 You can find many websites and online videos on English Phonology. Relate English pronunciation with other language pronunciation. Pay attention to the grammar. 18 “Paul want Mary go store” may communicate an idea, but it is not at all correct English. If you do not pay attention to grammar, you can sound equally incomprehensible in another language. 19 Just imagine you went to a shopping center. Then think how you would interact with people. Write the whole conversation in your native language then translate every sentence into the required language. Memorize 30 words and phrases each day. Start with the most common words. Memorization is half the battle and there are many different ways to memorize. You can practice writing each word a dozen times. 20 A．What helped you learn? B．Speak with native speakers. C．What is the best method suitable for you? D．This way will get you used to using the word itself. E．It helps in understanding pronunciation of other languages. F．Translate your daily spoken native language into the required language. G．This is probably the most important part of the language besides the vocabulary. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （23-24高一上·河北石家庄·期末）Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. Zhao Yuanren, a Chinese American 21 could speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects. England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian named Guiseppe Mezzofanti was reported to have been able to 22 in 30 to 40 languages. Polyglots are indeed 23 , but American teenager Tim Doner is living proof that anyone can try to be one. As a child. Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found it difficult to be interested in just words and grammar rules. When he was 13, Tim 24 listening to Hebrew rap music. One day, he 25 the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make 26 ! He started looking for people who spoke Hebrew so he could 27 , and then, he decided to sign up for a summer Arabic class. One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. Hebrew and Arabic speakers wrote nice 28 on his videos and gave him advice. Tim loved it. He could 29 communicate with people! After that, Tim started looking for new languages to learn, and posting more videos of himself speaking new languages, including Chinese. Tim also began to use many other methods to make learning 30 . Tim wishes everyone would learn more than one language and not just as a school subject. “Knowing a language is a lot more than knowing a couple of words out of a 31 ,” Tim says. Languages are for communicating with people, learning about their 32 , and understanding how different people think. “Open up your mind to the fact that language 33 a cultural world view,” says Tim. “You can translate words easily, 34 you can’t quite translate meaning.” Or, as Nelson Mandela said. “If you talk to a man in a language he 35 , that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.” 21．A．learner B．native C．master D．linguist 22．A．hear B．sing C．appreciate D．communicate 23．A．equal B．satisfying C．amazing D．specific 24．A．kept B．stopped C．started D．finished 25．A．referred to B．made up C．looked for D．looked up 26．A．songs B．texts C．sentences D．expressions 27．A．exchange B．practise C．register D．design 28．A．words B．phrases C．comments D．demands 29．A．extremely B．officially C．obviously D．actually 30．A．fun B．difficult C．boring D．happy 31．A．card B．message C．language D．dictionary 32．A．vocabulary B．grammar C．spirit D．culture 33．A．finds B．presents C．translates D．represents 34．A．so B．and C．but D．therefore 35．A．regards B．likes C．describes D．understands 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （23-24高一下·山东菏泽·期末） There are about 6, 500 languages in the world, but did you know that a language disappears every two weeks? International Mother Language Day, 21 February, is 36 day to celebrate and protect all the languages of the world. In 1999, a special day to promote mother languages 37 (create): International Mother Language Day. The day was also intended to raise 38 (aware)of just how many languages we have on this planet and to protect them. The idea for this special day came from the country of Bangladesh, 39 Bangladeshis mark 21 February when the Bangla language was 40 (official)accepted. Bangladeshis celebrate the day 41 holding literary competitions and singing songs. Other 42 (country)have also set up special projects to mark this day. Language is much more than just a way of 43 (communicate). Language, particularly our mother tongue, is an essential part of our culture. Everyone has the right 44 (use)their own mother language and to keep the traditions and ways of thinking that their language represents. And this is 45 International Mother Language Day is all about. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） （23-24高一上·福建宁德·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jane来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你给她写一封回信，回信内容应包括如下要点： 1. 参加中文学习班； 2. 看中文电视节目、报纸和杂志； 3. 学唱中文歌曲。 注意： 1. 词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 信的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Jane, I am glad to receive your letter. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） （23-24高一下·青海西宁·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。 I'm an English self-learner. English is not my first language. Today I’m an English teacher. I like to voice that failures are not disasters. Have faith, keep moving on and never give up. You will see your hard work pay off. I was a slow learner when I was little. Before five, I couldn't even speak in full sentences like most other children. I sound interacted with others. I neither cry nor go, nor got angry. My extreme quietness made my parents wonder if I was mentally slow. But they were not sure. Actually, I have to admit that my memories of my early childhood are quite uncertain. When I was in elementary school, I learned very slowly and was as quiet as a doll. While my teacher was teaching, my mind often would wander outside of the classroom to the playground. The learning problems and inactive personality remained with me until I was in Grade 5. As a fifth grader, I finally started interacting with my classmates. That was the first time in my memory that I had some friends. Most amazingly, from that time on, I became talkative, laughing and playing like any normal child. After heading full speed for my junior education, my learning situation got stuck in the mud again. In my country, students were arranged into different levels of classes based on their IQ test scores. For example, students with higher IQ scores were placed in the “outstanding class”; average ones joined the “intermediate class”, and slower students were destined for the “bottom class”. I was placed in the “bottom class” as a result of my below average IQ score. Most of my teachers taught us using easy and slow methods because they considered us unable to learn much. Despite that, I never lost faith that I might one day succeed. As if to prove that when God closes a door, he will definitely open up a big window, a miracle occurred. That's when I discovered a strong passion for English. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答， Paragraph 1: At the age of 13, I found myself deeply interested in English. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: That way, I could further expand my vocabulary. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： 1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.(语言交流项目让学生们两人一组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目，指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题)”可知，在这个项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Requirements for completion部分第二点“18 weekly one-hour pair meetings(每周18次一小时的配对会议)”可知，为了完成该项目，学生们被要求参加配对会议。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据Sign up部分第一点“Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning.(学生们报名参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习的语言)”可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴趣的语言。故选A。 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们之间相互问候的用语“Have a nice day”的特点和不同场合下的一些意义。 4． 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.”（我知道她真心关心我的情况。）可知，Maxie是真心祝福作者一天开心。故选B。 5．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The words came out in the same tone  (腔调) with a fixed procedure.”（词语发音都是以相同的声调和固定的程序。）可知女售货员这么说只是固定程序，没有特定含义，由此可知，画线句子指的是女售货员例行公事地说着这句话。故选B。 6． 推理判断题。根据第四段的“you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.”（ 你可能会觉得这很温暖，因为你不认识的人试图对你好。）”可知陌生人向你这样说，是想向你表示友好，故选A。 7．主旨大意题。通览全文及结合文章最后一段的第一句中“Although the use of the expression is an insincere，meaningless social custom at times”（虽然这个表达的使用有时是一种不真诚、毫无意义的社会习俗），可知文章主要讲述了简单的一句“Have a nice day”已经成为一种交际习惯。故选A。 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个与狗相关的英语习语及其背后的故事。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“When it’s raining very heavily we say it’s “raining cats and dogs.” You might even enjoy taking a break from the heat during the “dog days” of the year. Today, many dog-related idioms (习语) are commonplace, but have you ever wondered about the stories behind the sayings?(当雨下得很大时，我们说“raining cats and dogs”。你甚至可能喜欢在一年中“三伏天”的炎热中休息一下。如今，许多与狗有关的习语已经司空见惯，但你有没有想过这些习语背后的故事？)”可知，本段首先举例介绍了两个我们日常生活中常用的与狗相关的习语，紧接着提出一个问题——对这些习语背后的故事我们有没有过好奇之心？这个问题起到了承上启下的作用，引出了下文对与狗相关的习语背后故事的介绍。因此，本段的作用是引出本文主题。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“People may say that you are “barking (吠) up the wrong tree” when you are dealing with something in the wrong way. This idiom dates back to the practice of hunting (打猎) with dogs.(当你用错误的方式处理某事时，人们可能会说你“找错了对象”。这个成语可以追溯到带狗打猎的习俗)”可知，习语“bark up the wrong tree”起源于人们带狗打猎的活动。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One Australian idiom describes the practice of sleeping alongside a dog for warmth during cold evenings. A very cold night might need more than one dog, so it is a “three dog night.”(一个澳大利亚成语描述了在寒冷的夜晚和狗睡在一起取暖的做法。一个非常寒冷的夜晚可能需要不止一只狗，所以这是一个“三狗之夜（一个非常寒冷的夜晚）”)”可知，习语“three-dog night”在澳大利亚文化中可以用来描述非常寒冷的夜晚。故选B。 11．推理判断题。通过阅读全文可知，作者在首段引出话题，接着在第二至第四段分别具体介绍了“a dog’s breakfast”、“a dog’s dinner”、“bark up the wrong tree”、“dog days”以及“three dog night”等习语背后的故事与历史，在最后一段总结全文。文章结构清晰，为“总—分—总”结构，第二、第三、第四段为并列关系，故选C。 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言进化与生物进化有众多相似之处，语言学家从研究自然物种演变的“物种树”中获取灵感，创建了“语言树”。 12．推理判断题。第一段介绍了英语中的“salary”一词的由来。下文介绍了语言进化同物种进化之间的相似性，这种相似性启发语言学家创建类似于物种树的语言树，帮助推进语言研究。由此可推断，作者在第一段提及“salary”是为了说明语言在不断演变。故选A项。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too.(就像生物物种一样，语言随着时间的推移而改变，有时会发展出几种后代语言。例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语就是从拉丁语演变而来的语言之一。而且和物种一样，语言也可能灭绝)”可知，就像生物物种一样，语言会随着时间的推移而变化，有时会“物种化”，产生几种后代语言。就像物种一样，语言也会灭绝。由此可推断，物种和语言有很多相似之处。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，语言进化与生物进化有很多相似之处，因此，一些语言学家经常使用与进化生物学家使用的工具相似的工具。物种树是帮助进化生物学家研究生物进化的重要工具，同时也为语言学家提供了灵感，促进了语言学家的研究。故选B项。 15．主旨大意题。作者在第一段以英语中的“salary”一词的例子说明了语言也在进化，进而在下文介绍物种和语言有很多相似之处，物种树启示语言学家创建语言树来推动语言的研究。D项能概括本文大意。故选D项。 16．A 17．E 18．G 19．F 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了学习一门外语可能很难，但是如果你掌握某些技巧就能很快掌握任何语言。 16．根据上文的“Learn from your past experience. If you’ve learned languages in the past, go over what you learned then and try to figure out what was most effective for you.(从过去的经验中学习。如果你在过去学过语言，那就复习一下你学过的东西，然后找出对你最有效的方法)”和下文的“What didn’t? Which parts of the process did you find easy? Which parts were hard? When you’ve sorted this out, you’ll be ready to start learning the language.(什么没有？你觉得这个过程的哪一部分容易？哪些部分是困难的？当你解决了这些问题，你就可以开始学习这门语言了。)”可知，A项(什么对你的学习有帮助？)承接上文，说明你要回顾过去的学习经验，找出对你有帮助的学习方法，并引出下文，指出在回顾的过程中有哪些具体问题要弄清楚。故选A项。 17．根据上文的“Study English Phonology. English Phonology deals with English pronunciation.(学习英语音系学。英语音系学研究英语发音)”和下文的“You can find many websites and online videos on English Phonology. Relate English pronunciation with other language pronunciation.(你可以找到很多关于英语音韵学的网站和在线视频。将英语发音与其他语言发音联系起来)”可知，E项(它有助于理解其他语言的发音。)承接上文，指出了学习英语音系学的原因，并引出下文，具体介绍如何去做。故选E项。 18．根据上文的“Pay attention to the grammar.(注意语法)”和下文的““Paul want Mary go store” may communicate an idea, but it is not at all correct English. If you do not pay attention to grammar, you can sound equally incomprehensible in another language.(“保罗想让玛丽去商店”可能传达了一个想法，但它根本不是正确的英语。如果你不注意语法，你说的另一种语言听起来同样难以理解)”可知，G项(这可能是语言中除了词汇之外最重要的部分。)承接上文，说明了学习语法的重要性，并引出下文，指出不重视语法的后果。故选G项。 19．根据下文的“Just imagine you went to a shopping center. Then think how you would interact with people. Write the whole conversation in your native language then translate every sentence into the required language.(想象一下你去了一家购物中心。然后想想你将如何与人互动。用你的母语把整个对话写下来，然后把每个句子翻译成所需的语言)”可知，在日常生活中，可以把想要说的话先用母语写出来，然后再翻译成目标语言，F项(将你的母语翻译成所需语言。)作为段首句提出这个建议，符合语境。故选F项。 20．根据上文的“Memorize 30 words and phrases each day. Start with the most common words. Memorization is half the battle and there are many different ways to memorize. You can practice writing each word a dozen times.(每天记住30个单词和短语。从最常见的单词开始。记忆是成功的一半，有很多不同的记忆方法。每个单词你都可以练习写十几遍)”可知，D项(这种方法会让你习惯使用单词本身。)承接上文，说明了将每个单词写十几遍，这样会有助于你使用单词。故选D项。 21．D 22．D 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．D 32．D 33．D 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了13岁的美国少年蒂姆·多纳的多种语言的学习历程和心得体会。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美籍华裔语言学家赵元任，能说七种语言和30多种方言。A. learner学习者；B. native土著，本地人；C. master大师; D. linguist语言学家、通晓数国语言的人。根据上文“Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. (一些会说多种语言的多语人士可能看起来特别有天赋。)”中的polyglot，意为“通晓并使用多种语言的人”，以及“speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects.”可知，赵元任是美籍华裔语言学家。故选D项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能够用30到40种语言进行交流。A. hear听；B. sing唱歌；C. appreciate欣赏; D. communicate交流。根据上文“Some polyglots, who can speak quite a few languages, may seem especially talented. (一些会说多种语言的多语人士可能看起来特别有天赋。)”可知，Guiseppe Mezzofanti也是一个会用很多种语言进行交流（communicate）的人。故选D项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：精通多种语言的确很了不起，但美国少年蒂姆·多纳就是一个活生生的例子，证明任何人都可以尝试成为一名精通多种语言的人。A. equal相等的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. amazing惊人的；D. specific具体的。根据上文“Zhao Yuanren, a Chinese American ____1____, could speak seven languages and more than 30 dialects. England’s Queen Elizabeth I could speak about 10 languages. A famous Italian named Guiseppe Mezzofanti was reported to have been able to ____2____ in 30 to 40 languages. (美籍华裔、通晓数国语言的赵元任会说7种语言和30多种方言。英国女王伊丽莎白一世会说大约10种语言。据报道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能够用30到40种语言进行交流。)”可知，这些人精通如此多种语言，非常令人惊讶（amazing）。故选C项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆13岁的时候，开始听希伯来说唱音乐。A.kept保持；B. stopped停止;C. started开始；D. finished完成。根据上文“As a child, Tim studied French and Latin at school, but he found it difficult to be interested in just words and grammar rules. (蒂姆小时候在学校学习法语和拉丁语，但他发现仅仅对单词和语法规则感兴趣是很困难的。)”可知，蒂姆小时候学的是法语和拉丁语，而希伯来语没有提及，下文“One day, he ____5____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____6____! (有一天，他在字典里……这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成……！)”可知，蒂姆要通过字典学习单词，故13岁时开始（started）接触希伯来语，符合语境。故选C项。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！A. referred to参考；B. made up弥补；C. looked for寻找；D. looked up查找。此处考查固定动词短语look up the words in a dictionary，意为“在字典里查一下这些单词”。故选D项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！A. songs歌曲；B. texts文本；D. sentences句子；D. expressions表达；此处表示可以把单词组合在一起，编成句子（sentences），符合语境。故选C项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始寻找会说希伯来语的人，这样他就可以练习了，然后，他决定报名参加一个暑期阿拉伯语班。A. exchange交换；B. practise实践、练习；C. register注册；D. design设计。本句中，蒂姆寻找说希伯来语的人，并报了一个班，目的是与他们用希伯来语交流，练（practise）希伯来语。故选B项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人给他的视频写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。A. words词语；B. phrases短语；C. comments评论；D. demands要求。根据上文“One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. (一天晚上，为了好玩，他发布了一段自己说阿拉伯语和另一段说希伯来语的视频。)”和下文“Tim loved it. (蒂姆很喜欢)”可知，他的视频得到了说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人的点评（comments），给了他好的评论。故选C项。 29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真的可以与人交流！A.extremely极其；B.officially官方地；C. obviously明显地；D. actually事实上。根据上文“One evening, just for fun, he posted a video of himself speaking Arabic and another of him speaking Hebrew. Hebrew and Arabic speakers wrote nice ____8____ on his videos and gave him advice. (一天晚上，只是为了好玩，他发布了一段自己说阿拉伯语的视频，另一个说希伯来语的视频。说希伯来语和阿拉伯语的人给他的视频写了很好的评论，并给了他建议。)”可知，蒂姆的希伯来语说得不错，受到了说这个语言的人的好评，说明他学的希伯来语的程度，实际上（actually）已经到了可以和说希伯来语的人进行交流了的程度了。故选D项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆也开始使用许多其他方法使学习变得有趣。A. fun有趣的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D.happy快乐的。根据上文“Tim loved it. He could ____9____ communicate with people! After that, Tim started looking for new languages to learn, and posting more videos of himself speaking new languages, including Chinese. (蒂姆很喜欢！他真的可以与人交流！从那以后，蒂姆开始寻找新的语言来学习，并发布了更多自己说新语言的视频，包括中文。)”可知，在蒂姆看来，学习多种语言是件有趣的（fun）事情，他乐此不疲。故选A项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 懂一门语言比从字典里认识几个单词要重要得多。A. card卡片；B. message消息；C. language语言；D. dictionary字典。根据上文“One day, he ____5____ the words in a dictionary and realised he could put them together to make ____6____!  (有一天，他在字典里查这些单词，意识到他可以把它们组合成句子！)”可知，当初蒂姆为了记单词也翻过字典（dictionary），还发现单词可以组合为句子。dictionary为复现词，故选D项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言是用来与人交流的，学习他们的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。A. vocabulary词汇；B. grammar语法；C. spirit精神; D. culture文化。根据下文“Open up your mind to the fact that language ____13____ a cultural world view(打开你的思维，语言……一种文化世界观)”可知，学一门语言，不仅仅是记单词，cultural为复现词，语言与文化有关。故选D项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：打开你的思维，语言代表着一种文化世界观。A. finds发现；B. presents呈现；C. translates翻译；D. represents代表。根据上文“Languages are for communicating with people, learning about their ____12____, and understanding how different people think. (语言是用来与人交流的，学习他们的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。)”可知，一种语言就是一种文化，代表着说这种语言的人的文化。represents符合语境。故选D项。 34．考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：你可以很容易地翻译单词，但你不能完全翻译意义。A. so所以；B. and和；C. but但是；D. therefore因此。根据上文“Open up your mind to the fact that language ____13____ a cultural world view, (打开你的思维，语言代表着一种文化世界观。)”可知，单词容易翻译，但是因为语言与文化有关，真实的内涵不一定能真正体会。前后为转折关系，but符合语境。故选C项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你用一个人听得懂的语言和他说话，他就会记在脑子里。A. regards认为；D. likes喜欢；C. describes描述；D. understands理解。根据下文“If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. (如果你用他的语言和他说话，你的话会进入他的内心。)”可知，你能用对方的母语跟他交流，那么你们可以深度交流，交流的内容能走心，如果你用的语言只是对方听得懂（understands）的语言，不是对方的母语，那么两人的交流的深度就不如跟对方的母语交流那么深。故选D项。 36．a 37．was created 38．awareness 39．and 40．officially 41．by/through 42．countries 43．communicating/communication 44．to use 45．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了世界语言的现状，以及国际母语日的设立和意义。文章提到，世界上有大约6500种语言，但每两周就有一种语言消失。国际母语日旨在庆祝和保护世界上所有的语言。 36．考查冠词。句意：国际母语日，2月21日，是一个庆祝和保护世界上所有语言的日子。分析句子结构，day是可数名词，此处泛指“一个日子”，且day是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 37．考查时态和语态。句意：1999年，一个推广母语的特殊日子被创立：国际母语日。分析句子结构，create与主语a special day之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语In 1999可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was created。 38．考查名词。句意：这一天也是为了提高我们对地球上有多少种语言的认识，并保护它们。分析句子结构空白处在句子中作动词raise的宾语，故填awareness。 39．考查连词。句意：这个特殊日子的想法来自孟加拉国，孟加拉人在2月21日庆祝孟加拉语被官方接受。分析句子结构，根据上文“The idea for this special day came from the country of Bangladesh(这个特殊日子的想法来自孟加拉国)”以及下文“Bangladeshis mark 21 February(孟加拉人在2月21日……)”可知，前后两句为并列关系，故填and。 40．考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空处修饰动词accepted作状语，应用副词，故填officially。 41．考查介词。句意：孟加拉人通过举办文学比赛和唱歌来庆祝这一天。分析句子结构，空处表示方式，by/through意为“通过”，符合语境，故填by/through。 42．考查名词的数。句意：其他国家也设立了特别项目来纪念这一天。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做主语，使用名词，谓语have所以用名词复数，故填countries。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：语言不仅仅是交流的一种方式。分析句子结构，of是介词，后接动名词或者名词作宾语，故填communicating/communication。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都有权使用自己的母语，并保留他们的语言所代表的传统和思维方式。分析句子结构，have the right to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有权做某事”，故填to use。 45．考查表语从句。句意：这就是国际母语日的全部意义所在。分析句子结构，空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作about的宾语，所以用连接词what引导表语从句。故填what。 46．范文： Dear Jane, I am glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. My suggestions are as follows. To begin with, it is of great importance to take a Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from the teachers and practice with your classmates. Then, it also helps to watch Chinese television programmes and read newspapers and magazines in Chinese as often as possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs. Meanwhile, you can also make friends with Chinese people to help you learn chinese. I hope you will find my suggestions helpful. Looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Li Hua 【原文】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国朋友Jane来信咨询如何才能学好中文，要求考生给她写一封回信。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 快乐的：glad→pleased 帮助：help→assist 有用处的：helpful→useful 能够，有能力的：able→capable 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Then, it also helps to watch Chinese television programmes and read newspapers and magazines in Chinese as often as possible. 拓展句：Then, it is helpful that you watch Chinese television programmes and read newspapers and magazines in Chinese as often as possible.. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I hope you will find my suggestions helpful. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】To begin with, it is of great importance to take a chinese ourse, as you’ll be able to learn from the teachers and practice with your classmates. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 47．At the age of 13, I found myself deeply interested in English. It was the movie called Roman Holiday that attracted my attention. From then on, I watched English movies from time to time. While watching, I followed the pronunciation, stress and intonation of speakers, which was my great pleasure. I also tried to communicate with my teachers and classmates in English. Even if they would make fun of me, I didn’t mind. To my surprise, I was transferred from the bottom class to the top due to my progress, which was a miracle. To enlarge my vocabulary, I read as many stories and articles as possible. That way, I could further expand my vocabulary. I continued to self-learn English step by step. I even tried to write English diaries and rewrite some famous stories, one of which was published in our school newspaper. With these achievements, I had more faith in myself. Therefore, English was given priority when I chose my major at university. Wandering in the ocean of English, appreciating different cultures, I couldn’t be happier more. After graduating from college, I was determined to be an English teacher to share my experience in learning English to help more students. My story proves that everyone has the ability to learn English. Success has less to do with IQ, but more to do with hard work and strong passion. 【导语】本文以时间发展为线索展开，讲述了作者是一个自学英语者，现在是英语老师，但是作者从小就有语言学习上的问题，原因是母亲在怀自己的时候吃了一些药，对作者早期的智力发育有影响，在中学的入学智力测试时，作者被分到了底层的班级，学习的东西也比较浅显，但是作者没有丧失学习的信息，作者发现自己对学习英语有很大的热情。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“13岁时，我发现自己对英语产生了浓厚的兴趣。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何学习英语，除了学习英语课本外，作者还额外利用英语杂志、英语节目和写英语日记来学习英语，作者最终成为了一位英语老师。 ②由第二段首句内容“这样，我可以进一步扩大我的词汇量。”可知，第二段可描写作者对学习的感悟，成功和努力和坚持有关，和智商无关，作者鼓励人们在学习的时候不要丧失信心，只有这样才能赢。 2.续写线索：讲述学习过程——付出得到回报——继续学习——取得成就——成为英语老师——经验分享 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①吸引注意力：attract my attention/draw attention to/catch my attention ②努力去做：try to do/try one’s best to do/make every effort to do ③取笑：make fun of/laugh at 情绪类 ①惊奇：to my surprise/to my astonishment ②有信心：have faith in/be confident in ③非常高兴：couldn’t be happier/on cloud nine 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was the movie called Roman Holiday that attracted my attention. (运用了强调句型) [高分句型2] While watching, I followed the pronunciation, stress and intonation of speakers, which was my great pleasure. (运用了状语从句的省略和which引导定语从句) [高分句型3] Wandering in the ocean of English, appreciating different cultures, I couldn’t be happier more. (运用了现在分词作状语) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$