专题10 名词性从句-2025年高考英语一轮全面复习备考方案(新高考卷).zip

专题10 名词性从句 目录 1 .考情分析 2 2. 必备知识 考点一 主语从句 知识点1 that引导的主语从句 2 知识点2 wherth/if引导的主语从句 3 知识点3 wh-类连接词引导的主语从句……………………………………………………………..3 知识点4 连接副词引导的主语从句……………………………………………………………………3 知识点5 it作形式主语的句型…………………………………………………………………………..4 考点二 宾语从句 知识点1 宾语从句的连接词……………………………………………………………4 知识点2 动词后接宾语从句的用法……………………………………………….….5 知识点3 介词后接宾语从句的用法…………………………………………………..6 知识点4 形容词后接宾语从句的用法………………………………………………….7 考点三 表语从句 知识点1 表语从句的特殊连接词…………………………………………………………………….8 知识点2 表语从句中的虚拟语气……………………………………………………………………8 知识点3 表语从句重要句型…………………………………………………………………………..9 考点四 同位语从句 知识点1 同位语从句连接词………………………………… ……………………. 10 知识点2 分隔式同位语从句 …………………………………………………….11 知识点3 同位语从句中的虚拟语气…………………………………………………………………………12 3. 真题练习 1 .真题演练 ………………………………………………………………………………13 2.名校模拟 15 1. 1.考情分析 年份 卷别 考点 2024 新高考I卷 what 全国甲卷 what 浙江卷1月 what 2023 新高考II卷 why 浙江卷 whether 2022 新高考II卷 how 浙江卷1月 if/whether 2021 新高考I卷 what 1. 2.必备知识 考点一 主语从句 知识点1 that引导的主语从句 that 引导的从句作主语时,that不在从句中充当任何成分,只连接作用,无任何意义,通常不能省去,且常用it作形式主语。 例That the college will take in more new students is true. = is true that the college will take in more new students. 这所大将招收更多的新生是真的。 典例1 How strange it is----the students are so quiet the classroom! 知识点2 whether/if引导的主语从句 whether 引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾;if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需要用it作形式主语。 whether/if起连接作用,译成"是否",在从句中不作成分。 例 Whether we will go there tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去那里取决于天气如何。 例 It's doubtful if/whether this painting is a Picasso. 这幅画未必是毕加索画的。 知识点3 wh-类连接词引导的主语从句 wh-类连接代词包括:who(谁,可作主语、宾语和表语)， whom(谁,作宾语)，whose(谁的,作定语)，which(哪个/哪些,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)，what(什么,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)，whoever(无论谁,可作主语、宾语、表语)， whomever(无论谁,作宾语)，whichever(无论哪个/哪些,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)，whatever(无论什么,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)等。连接代词引导主语从句时,在句中既起连接作用,又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。 例 What surprised us most was the beautiful scenes there. 最让我们惊讶的是那里的美景。 例 Whichever of you gels there first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达那里,谁就能得到这个奖品。 知识点4 连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词包括when(何时,作时间状语)，where(在哪儿,作地点状语)，how(怎么,作方式状语)，why(为什么,作原因状语)。连接副词在句中起连接作用,还在从句中充当成分。 Where I will spend my summer vacation is still uncertain. 我还没有确定去哪里度暑假。 How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is still unclear. 针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。 知识点5 it作形式主语的句型 (1)lt + be +形容词(obvious,clear,good,funny, etc.)+ 主语从句。 It is quite cleat that the whole project is doomed to failrte 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。 (2)lt + be +名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a pity, rnsurprise, etc.)+ 主语从句。 lt is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. 我们的希望是双方朝着和平的方向发展。 (3)1t + be +过去分词(said，reported，announced, thoughtexpected, etc. ) +主语从句。 lt is announced that the plan has been successfully carrint out. 据宣布,计划已成功实施。 (4)lt + seem, happen等不及物动词(短语)的相应形式+主语从句。 It happened that a lion was hiding nearby. 刚好有一头子躲在旁边。 (5) It doesn't matter/makes no difference, etc. +主语从句。 例It makes no difference whether he comes to help us. 他是否来帮我们无关紧要。 考点二 宾语从句 知识点1 宾语从句的连接词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语 例 He told me that he would go to college. 他告诉我他要上大学。 例 He didn't tell me when we would meet. 他没告诉我我们何时见面。 例Bill wanted to know who did this. 比尔想知道是谁做了这件事。 Could you show me how I can get to the zoo? 你能给我指一下去动物园的路吗?特别提醒- 1. whether/if引导宾语从句表示"是否"时一般情况下可互换。 2.宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用 whether。如: I don't care if it will rain.我不在乎是否会下雨。 知识点2 动词后接宾语从句的用法 (1)大多数及物动词及动词短语后可接宾语从句。 例We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to learning. 我们应当牢记,学习是没有捷径的。 典例5 If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate_----is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. (2)doubt 后接宾语从句时,若doubt用于肯定句,后面的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if;若 doubt用于否定句或疑问句,后面的宾语从句的连接词用that。 She doubted if/whether he could succeed. 她怀疑他是否能成功。 例I don't doubt that our experiment will be carried out in time. 我毫不怀疑我们的实验会及时进行。 典例 I don't doubt____the plan is practical , but I doubthe will stick with the plan until it's finished. (3)demand，order，suggest(建议)，advise，insist(坚持要求)， desire, request,command等表示"要求、命令、建议、决定"等的动词后的宾语从句的谓语常用"(should +)动词原形"。 例 The teacher suggested that we ( should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 例 The boss ordered that the task ( should)be completed by noon. 老板命令(我们)在中午之前完成任务。 (4)在find，feel，think，consider，make， believe, guess, suppose, assume等及hate, like, take, owe, have, take. . . for granted 等表示"喜欢,痛恨,认为"的动词或动词短语和see to(表示"注意,务必")后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。 例I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天喝大量开水是有必要的。 例The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning should be finished before 7:30 every morning. 老师规定每天早晨7:30之前所有的清扫工作必须结束。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 知识点3 介词后接宾语从句的用法 (1)一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。 He'll talk to us about what he saw in the USA. 他将给我们讲述他在美国的见闻。 I'm interested only in how the work is going but not in who is doing it. 我只对工作进展得怎样感兴趣,而不管是谁在干这个工作。 (2)in,but,except等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句,但此时介词和that已形成固定搭配,即in that因为， but that 要不是,except that 除了。 The high income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. 所得税很高是有害的,因为它可能使人不愿意多赚钱。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 除了知道他住在这儿之外,我对他一无所知。 He would have failed but that you helped him. 若不是你帮助他,他会失败的。(but that意为"若不是,要不是") 知识点4 形容词后接宾语从句的用法 (1)表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句,如:afraid，certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy等。 例 I'm very pleased that all of your family will come. 我很高兴你们全家都会来。 例 I'm sure that they'll make it in spite of the terrible weather. 我确信尽管天气很不好,但他们会准时到达的。 (2)sure 后宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if 的选择。当be sure 用于肯定句时,其后的宾语从句的连接词常用 that ;当 be sure用于否定句时,其后的宾语从句的连接词常用whether 或if。 例Are you sure that I won't bother you if I sit beside you? 你确定我坐在你旁边不会打扰你吗? I am not sure whether I should write to him or not. 我不确定要不要给他写信。 考点三 表语从句 在句子中作表语的从句称为表语从句(Predicative Clause)。引导表语从句的连接词主要有:从属连词that， whether;连接代词 who，whom，whose，which，what， whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等;连接副词when, where, why, how 等。此外,表语从句还可用because和as if/as though 等连接词引导。 知识点1 表语从句的特殊连接词 (1)that/what。that引导表语从句时,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,没有任何意义,通常不可省略;what引导表语从句时既起连接作用,又作从句的句子成分。 例Our plan is that we'll go there once a week. 我们的计划是一周去那里一次。 例 That's what he said. 那就是他说的话。 典例7 Tom has admired my daughter for a long time , but the question is__she doesn't love him at all. (2)whether。引导表语从句时,只能用whether而不能用if。 The question is whether they have signed the contract. 问题是他们是否已经签了合同。 (3)as if/as though。as if/as though 意为"好像,仿佛",其引导的表语从句常位于系动词(如seem，appear, look, taste， sound, feel， smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若从句所述的是事实或是极有可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。。 I felt as if we had known each other for years. 我感觉好像我们已经认识多年了。 She looks as if she has been working hard for a long time. 她看起来好像努力工作了很长时间。 知识点2 表语从句中的虚拟语气 (1)如果主语是表示"要求、建议、命令"的名词,如suggestion, advice, order, request, requirement等,其后的表语从句常用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用"(should+)动词原形"。 例 My advice is that he (should) not tell lies. 我建议他不要说谎。 例The doctor's advice is that I ( should) rest more and drink more. 医生建议我多休息、多喝水。 (2)as if/as though引导的表语从句若用虚拟语气,则分为以下三种情况: ①虚拟现在:从句谓语用一般过去时,若从句谓语动词是be动词,则通常用were ②虚拟过去:从句谓语用过去完成时 ③表示将来出现的可能性很小的情况:从句谓语用"would/ could/might/should+动词原形" She loves the boy as if/as though she were his mother. 她爱这个男孩,就好像她是他的母亲一样。 He talked with me as if/as though he had known me well. 他和我聊起天来好像他很了解我似的。 It looks as if/as though it might snow. 看来好像要下雪了。 知识点3 表语从句重要句型 (1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why... is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” 典例8 The reason _____he was late for class is he didn't catch the early bus. 考点四 同位语从句 在句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种,在句中起同位语的作用,一般放在fact， news, idea, truth, hope, problem，information， belief, thought, doubt, promise,question等名词的后面，对名词作进一步的解释。引导同位语从句的词有that， which, what, whether, how, when,where 等。 例The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't been answered. 我们到什么地方去开会这个问题还没有人回答。 例 He must answer the question whether he agrees with the opinion. 他必须回答他是否同意此观点的问题。 知识点1 同位语从句的连接词 (1)that，whether引导的同位语从句 ①由that 引导,that只起连接作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。 The news that I have passed the exam is true. 我通过了考试这一消息是真的。 ②由whether引导,whether含有"是否"的意思,但whether不可以用if来替换。 例The question whether he will join us is very important. 他是否加入我们这个问题很重要。 (2)连接代词引导的同位语从句 what, who, whom, whose，which等连接代词引导同位语从句时保留其自身的疑问含义,起连接作用,在从句中充当成分，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 例The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 谁应该做这个工作的问题正在会议上讨论。(作主语) 列I have no idea what the boy is doing in the room now. 我不知道那个男孩现在在房间里干什么。(作宾语) 例 1 have no idea which one I should choose. 我不知道我应该选择哪一个。(作定语) (3)连接副词引导的同位语从句 这些连接副词有when，where,how，why等,它们在从句中作状语。 We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. 我们还没有解决今年到哪里去过暑假的问题。(作地点状语) 例1 have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 我不知道怎么能到火车站。(作方式状语) 例I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。(作时间状语) 知识点2 分隔式同位语从句 有时主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句内容较长,这时为避免"头重脚轻",常常将谓语部分提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。 例My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents. 我要给父母买一套大房子的愿望终有一天会实现的。 典例9The notice came around two in the afternoon the -----meeting would be postponed. 知识点3 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 suggestion,advice，request，order等表示"建议、命令、要求"的名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气,即从句中的谓语动词用"should+动词原形",其中should 可以省略。 He made the suggestion that they ( should) carry on their conversation in English. 他建议他们继续用英语交谈， The boss refused the demand that she ( should) do the work alone. 老板拒绝了她单独做那个工作的请求。 典例10 The old professor gave the order that the experiment finished before 6 p. m. 1. 3.真题练习 1. 真题演练 1.（2023新课标II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 2.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote. 3.（2024新课标I卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming. 4.（2023年浙江3月卷）Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century. 5.（2024全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming. 2. 名校模拟 1.（2024年重庆高三模拟预测）Analysis of cutting marks on some head statues led to the guess they may have been stolen about 30 years ago, considering some statues were cut and stolen from a Shanxi temple in an identical way in 1993. 2.（江苏省南京市五校高三联考试题）But after assessing the number of extant pandas in the late 1970s, China came to realize the fact the animals had become a rare and endangered species. 3.（2024年山东省高三一模试题）The essence of this “fancy rat-race” lies in the fact that various regional cultural tourism initiatives are targeted at the Spring Festival tourist boom, using hype to attract tourists and boost the local economies. But to attract more tourists, seems unwise is to rely merely on publicity and luxury strategies. 4.（2024届辽宁省本溪市高中高三一模试题）The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are ____ we’re here-to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, legally, for their valuable fur. 5.（江苏省常州市联盟校高三10月调研试题）There is no consensus on to do about “the large language models that are trained on copyrighted works.” 6.（河北省石家庄市学年石家庄高三试题）On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight to it was at the Start of Summer. 7.（2024年河北石家庄贵州省联考一模） excites the organizing committee is that The Peony Pavilion has attracted a growing young audience since its first performance in Beijing. 8.（广东省广东省四校联考2024年高三试题）The study doesn’t note these plant-based alternatives carry similar health risks or not. 9.（2024年四川成都·模拟预测）One cannot help but wonder the man was holding, when looking up to the famous bronze standing man, in Sanxingdui, an archaeological (考古) site located in Sichuan province. 10.（湖南省岳阳第一中学高三）Today the future of Dafen may depend on it is able to earn respect of the art world. ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题10 名词性从句 目录 1 .考情分析 2 2. 必备知识 考点一 主语从句 知识点1 that引导的主语从句 2 知识点2 wherth/if引导的主语从句 3 知识点3 wh-类连接词引导的主语从句……………………………………………………………..3 知识点4 连接副词引导的主语从句……………………………………………………………………3 知识点5 it作形式主语的句型…………………………………………………………………………..4 考点二 宾语从句 知识点1 宾语从句的连接词……………………………………………………………4 知识点2 动词后接宾语从句的用法……………………………………………….….5 知识点3 介词后接宾语从句的用法…………………………………………………..6 知识点4 形容词后接宾语从句的用法………………………………………………….7 考点三 表语从句 知识点1 表语从句的特殊连接词…………………………………………………………………….8 知识点2 表语从句中的虚拟语气……………………………………………………………………8 知识点3 表语从句重要句型…………………………………………………………………………..9 考点四 同位语从句 知识点1 同位语从句连接词………………………………… ……………………. 10 知识点2 分隔式同位语从句 …………………………………………………….11 知识点3 同位语从句中的虚拟语气…………………………………………………………………………12 3. 真题练习 1 .真题演练 ………………………………………………………………………………13 2.名校模拟 15 1. 1.考情分析 年份 卷别 考点 2024 新高考I卷 what 全国甲卷 what 浙江卷1月 what 2023 新高考II卷 why 浙江卷 whether 2022 新高考II卷 how 浙江卷1月 if/whether 2021 新高考I卷 what 1. 2.必备知识 考点一 主语从句 知识点1 that引导的主语从句 that 引导的从句作主语时,that不在从句中充当任何成分,只连接作用,无任何意义,通常不能省去,且常用it作形式主语。 例That the college will take in more new students is true. = is true that the college will take in more new students. 这所大将招收更多的新生是真的。 典例1 How strange it is----the students are so quiet the classroom! 解析句意:学生们在教室里如此安静,真奇怪!句中的作形式主语,这里需要连接词引导主语从句,连接词在从中不作任何成分,只起连接作用,陈述一个事实,此时用th引导主语从句。试题对主语从句的考查多与it作形式主有关,因此我们要熟记常见的it作形式主语代替主语从句句式结构。 答案 that 知识点2 whether/if引导的主语从句 whether 引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾;if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需要用it作形式主语。 whether/if起连接作用,译成"是否",在从句中不作成分。 例 Whether we will go there tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去那里取决于天气如何。 例 It's doubtful if/whether this painting is a Picasso. 这幅画未必是毕加索画的。 知识点3 wh-类连接词引导的主语从句 wh-类连接代词包括:who(谁,可作主语、宾语和表语)， whom(谁,作宾语)，whose(谁的,作定语)，which(哪个/哪些,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)，what(什么,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)，whoever(无论谁,可作主语、宾语、表语)， whomever(无论谁,作宾语)，whichever(无论哪个/哪些,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)，whatever(无论什么,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)等。连接代词引导主语从句时,在句中既起连接作用,又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。 例 What surprised us most was the beautiful scenes there. 最让我们惊讶的是那里的美景。 例 Whichever of you gels there first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达那里,谁就能得到这个奖品。 典例2 __ the students can't bear, according to the survey , is their parents’ high expectations. 解析句意:根据该调查,学生们受不了的是父母的高期望值。本空应填连接词引导主语从句并在从句中作bear的宾语,指物,因此用连接代词what引导主语从句。 答案What 知识点4 连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词包括when(何时,作时间状语)，where(在哪儿,作地点状语)，how(怎么,作方式状语)，why(为什么,作原因状语)。连接副词在句中起连接作用,还在从句中充当成分。 Where I will spend my summer vacation is still uncertain. 我还没有确定去哪里度暑假。 How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is still unclear. 针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。 知识点5 it作形式主语的句型 (1)lt + be +形容词(obvious,clear,good,funny, etc.)+ 主语从句。 It is quite cleat that the whole project is doomed to failrte 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。 (2)lt + be +名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a pity, rnsurprise, etc.)+ 主语从句。 lt is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. 我们的希望是双方朝着和平的方向发展。 (3)1t + be +过去分词(said，reported，announced, thoughtexpected, etc. ) +主语从句。 lt is announced that the plan has been successfully carrint out. 据宣布,计划已成功实施。 (4)lt + seem, happen等不及物动词(短语)的相应形式+主语从句。 It happened that a lion was hiding nearby. 刚好有一头子躲在旁边。 (5) It doesn't matter/makes no difference, etc. +主语从句。 例It makes no difference whether he comes to help us. 他是否来帮我们无关紧要。 典例3It is said___he is focusing on a book on space exploration. But ____it will come out remains in the air. 解析句意:据说他在写一本关于太空探索的书,但这本书何时出版还不知道。题干中需要连接词引导主语从句,根据句意可知,第一空所在部分是It be +过去分词+that 引导的主语从句,因此第一空填that;第二空用when 引导主语从匀并在从句中作状语表示时间。 答案 that ; when 考点二 宾语从句 知识点1 宾语从句的连接词 引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语 例 He told me that he would go to college. 他告诉我他要上大学。 例 He didn't tell me when we would meet. 他没告诉我我们何时见面。 例Bill wanted to know who did this. 比尔想知道是谁做了这件事。 Could you show me how I can get to the zoo? 你能给我指一下去动物园的路吗?特别提醒- 1. whether/if引导宾语从句表示"是否"时一般情况下可互换。 2.宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用 whether。如: I don't care if it will rain.我不在乎是否会下雨。 知识点2 动词后接宾语从句的用法 (1)大多数及物动词及动词短语后可接宾语从句。 例We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to learning. 我们应当牢记,学习是没有捷径的。 典例5 If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate_----is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 解析句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要调查水下有什么东西。(因为)经常会有些岩石或树枝暗藏在水里。动词 investigate 后的宾语从句中缺少主语,且意为"什么",所以填 what。 答案what (2)doubt 后接宾语从句时,若doubt用于肯定句,后面的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if;若 doubt用于否定句或疑问句,后面的宾语从句的连接词用that。 She doubted if/whether he could succeed. 她怀疑他是否能成功。 例I don't doubt that our experiment will be carried out in time. 我毫不怀疑我们的实验会及时进行。 典例 I don't doubt____the plan is practical , but I doubthe will stick with the plan until it's finished. 解析 句意:我不怀疑这个计划很实用,但是我怀疑他能不能坚持执行下去,直到计划完成。第一空处I don't doubt 后接that 引导的宾语从句,表陈述,第二空处l doubt后接 whether 或if引导的宾语从句,表怀疑。 答案 that; whether/if (3)demand，order，suggest(建议)，advise，insist(坚持要求)， desire, request,command等表示"要求、命令、建议、决定"等的动词后的宾语从句的谓语常用"(should +)动词原形"。 例 The teacher suggested that we ( should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 例 The boss ordered that the task ( should)be completed by noon. 老板命令(我们)在中午之前完成任务。 (4)在find，feel，think，consider，make， believe, guess, suppose, assume等及hate, like, take, owe, have, take. . . for granted 等表示"喜欢,痛恨,认为"的动词或动词短语和see to(表示"注意,务必")后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。 例I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天喝大量开水是有必要的。 例The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning should be finished before 7:30 every morning. 老师规定每天早晨7:30之前所有的清扫工作必须结束。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 知识点3 介词后接宾语从句的用法 (1)一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。 He'll talk to us about what he saw in the USA. 他将给我们讲述他在美国的见闻。 I'm interested only in how the work is going but not in who is doing it. 我只对工作进展得怎样感兴趣,而不管是谁在干这个工作。 (2)in,but,except等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句,但此时介词和that已形成固定搭配,即in that因为， but that 要不是,except that 除了。 The high income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. 所得税很高是有害的,因为它可能使人不愿意多赚钱。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 除了知道他住在这儿之外,我对他一无所知。 He would have failed but that you helped him. 若不是你帮助他,他会失败的。(but that意为"若不是,要不是") 知识点4 形容词后接宾语从句的用法 (1)表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句,如:afraid，certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy等。 例 I'm very pleased that all of your family will come. 我很高兴你们全家都会来。 例 I'm sure that they'll make it in spite of the terrible weather. 我确信尽管天气很不好,但他们会准时到达的。 (2)sure 后宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if 的选择。当be sure 用于肯定句时,其后的宾语从句的连接词常用 that ;当 be sure用于否定句时,其后的宾语从句的连接词常用whether 或if。 例Are you sure that I won't bother you if I sit beside you? 你确定我坐在你旁边不会打扰你吗? I am not sure whether I should write to him or not. 我不确定要不要给他写信。 考点三 表语从句 在句子中作表语的从句称为表语从句(Predicative Clause)。引导表语从句的连接词主要有:从属连词that， whether;连接代词 who，whom，whose，which，what， whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等;连接副词when, where, why, how 等。此外,表语从句还可用because和as if/as though 等连接词引导。 知识点1 表语从句的特殊连接词 (1)that/what。that引导表语从句时,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,没有任何意义,通常不可省略;what引导表语从句时既起连接作用,又作从句的句子成分。 例Our plan is that we'll go there once a week. 我们的计划是一周去那里一次。 例 That's what he said. 那就是他说的话。 典例7 Tom has admired my daughter for a long time , but the question is__she doesn't love him at all. 解析句意:汤姆爱慕我女儿好长时间了,可是问题是她根本就不爱他。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处用that 引导表语从句,陈述事实。 答案that (2)whether。引导表语从句时,只能用whether而不能用if。 The question is whether they have signed the contract. 问题是他们是否已经签了合同。 (3)as if/as though。as if/as though 意为"好像,仿佛",其引导的表语从句常位于系动词(如seem，appear, look, taste， sound, feel， smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若从句所述的是事实或是极有可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。。 I felt as if we had known each other for years. 我感觉好像我们已经认识多年了。 She looks as if she has been working hard for a long time. 她看起来好像努力工作了很长时间。 知识点2 表语从句中的虚拟语气 (1)如果主语是表示"要求、建议、命令"的名词,如suggestion, advice, order, request, requirement等,其后的表语从句常用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用"(should+)动词原形"。 例 My advice is that he (should) not tell lies. 我建议他不要说谎。 例The doctor's advice is that I ( should) rest more and drink more. 医生建议我多休息、多喝水。 (2)as if/as though引导的表语从句若用虚拟语气,则分为以下三种情况: ①虚拟现在:从句谓语用一般过去时,若从句谓语动词是be动词,则通常用were ②虚拟过去:从句谓语用过去完成时 ③表示将来出现的可能性很小的情况:从句谓语用"would/ could/might/should+动词原形" She loves the boy as if/as though she were his mother. 她爱这个男孩,就好像她是他的母亲一样。 He talked with me as if/as though he had known me well. 他和我聊起天来好像他很了解我似的。 It looks as if/as though it might snow. 看来好像要下雪了。 知识点3 表语从句重要句型 (1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why... is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” 典例8 The reason _____he was late for class is he didn't catch the early bus. 解析第一空处的引导词应为why,因先行词是reason，引导词在定语从句中作状语,表示原因;第二空处应填连接词来引导一个表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,只能用that,不用 because。本题考查的是"The reason why...is that..."句型。 答案why; that 考点四 同位语从句 在句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种,在句中起同位语的作用,一般放在fact， news, idea, truth, hope, problem，information， belief, thought, doubt, promise,question等名词的后面，对名词作进一步的解释。引导同位语从句的词有that， which, what, whether, how, when,where 等。 例The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't been answered. 我们到什么地方去开会这个问题还没有人回答。 例 He must answer the question whether he agrees with the opinion. 他必须回答他是否同意此观点的问题。 知识点1 同位语从句的连接词 (1)that，whether引导的同位语从句 ①由that 引导,that只起连接作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。 The news that I have passed the exam is true. 我通过了考试这一消息是真的。 ②由whether引导,whether含有"是否"的意思,但whether不可以用if来替换。 例The question whether he will join us is very important. 他是否加入我们这个问题很重要。 (2)连接代词引导的同位语从句 what, who, whom, whose，which等连接代词引导同位语从句时保留其自身的疑问含义,起连接作用,在从句中充当成分，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 例The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 谁应该做这个工作的问题正在会议上讨论。(作主语) 列I have no idea what the boy is doing in the room now. 我不知道那个男孩现在在房间里干什么。(作宾语) 例 1 have no idea which one I should choose. 我不知道我应该选择哪一个。(作定语) (3)连接副词引导的同位语从句 这些连接副词有when，where,how，why等,它们在从句中作状语。 We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. 我们还没有解决今年到哪里去过暑假的问题。(作地点状语) 例1 have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 我不知道怎么能到火车站。(作方式状语) 例I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。(作时间状语) 知识点2 分隔式同位语从句 有时主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句内容较长,这时为避免"头重脚轻",常常将谓语部分提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。 例My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents. 我要给父母买一套大房子的愿望终有一天会实现的。 典例9The notice came around two in the afternoon the -----meeting would be postponed. 解析分析句子结构可知,"___the meeting would be postponed"是同位语从句,该从句解释说明notice 的具体内容,从句不缺少成分,所以用that引导。此处谓语较短,从句较长,为避免"头重脚轻"而将从句放在了谓语之后,形成了分隔式同位语从句。 答案that 知识点3 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 suggestion,advice，request，order等表示"建议、命令、要求"的名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气,即从句中的谓语动词用"should+动词原形",其中should 可以省略。 He made the suggestion that they ( should) carry on their conversation in English. 他建议他们继续用英语交谈， The boss refused the demand that she ( should) do the work alone. 老板拒绝了她单独做那个工作的请求。 典例10 The old professor gave the order that the experiment finished before 6 p. m. 解析order在此表示"命令",为名词,其后的同位语从句的谓语动词用"(should+)动词原形",且experiment与finish之间为动宾关系,故填(should) be。 答案 (should) be 1. 3.真题练习 1. 真题演练 1.（2023新课标II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 【答案】why。 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 2.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 3.（2024新课标I卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 4.（2023年浙江3月卷）Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century. A．where B．whether C．whose D．which 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：最近，科学家们开始就计算机是否会在半个世纪后像人类一样“思考”展开辩论。A. where哪里；B. whether是否；C. whose谁的；D. which哪一个。根据句意可知，此处是表示“是否”，用连接代词whether引导宾语从句。故选 B。 5.（2024全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 2. 名校模拟 1.（2024年重庆高三模拟预测）Analysis of cutting marks on some head statues led to the guess they may have been stolen about 30 years ago, considering some statues were cut and stolen from a Shanxi temple in an identical way in 1993. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：对一些人头雕像上的切割痕迹进行分析后，人们猜测这些雕像可能是在30年前被盗的，因为1993年山西一座寺庙的一些雕像也是以同样的方式被切割和被盗的。此处作guess的同位语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 2.（江苏省南京市五校高三联考试题）But after assessing the number of extant pandas in the late 1970s, China came to realize the fact the animals had become a rare and endangered species. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：但在20世纪70年代末对现存大熊猫的数量进行评估后，中国开始意识到这样一个事实，即大熊猫已经成为一种稀有濒危物种。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接词引导的同位语从句，对fact解释说明，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that。故填that。 3.（2024年山东省高三一模试题）The essence of this “fancy rat-race” lies in the fact that various regional cultural tourism initiatives are targeted at the Spring Festival tourist boom, using hype to attract tourists and boost the local economies. But to attract more tourists, seems unwise is to rely merely on publicity and luxury strategies. 【答案】what 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但为了吸引更多的游客，仅仅依靠宣传和奢侈品策略似乎是不明智的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，用what引导。故填what。 4.（2024届辽宁省本溪市高中高三一模试题）The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are ____ we’re here-to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, legally, for their valuable fur. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：清新稀薄的空气，白雪覆盖的山脉和优雅的动物在平原上奔跑，这就是我们来到这里的原因——观察藏羚羊，它们被非法猎杀，以获取宝贵的皮毛。根据谓语动词“are”可知，空处引导表语从句，在句中作状语；根据句意，应用连接副词why，表示“我们为什么来到这里”。故填why。 5.（江苏省常州市联盟校高三10月调研试题）There is no consensus on to do about “the large language models that are trained on copyrighted works.” 【答案】what 【解析】考查疑问词。句意：对于如何处理“受版权保护作品训练的大型语言模型”，目前还没有达成共识。这里为“疑问词+to do”担当介词之后的宾语，分析成分可知，动词“do”之后缺少宾语，用what。故填what。 6.（河北省石家庄市学年石家庄高三试题）On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight to it was at the Start of Summer. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在立秋的第一天，人们通常会称自己的体重，并与立夏时的体重进行比较。句子分析可知，“______it was at the Start of Summer”为名词性从句作介词to的宾语，设空处引导名词性从句，在句中作表语，表示“立夏时的体重”，此宾语从句用连接代词what引导。故填what。 7.（2024年河北石家庄贵州省联考一模） excites the organizing committee is that The Peony Pavilion has attracted a growing young audience since its first performance in Beijing. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：令组委会兴奋的是，《牡丹亭》自首次在北京演出以来，吸引了越来越多的年轻观众。此处引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，指事情，应用what, 且首字母要大写。故填What。 8.（广东省广东省四校联考2024年高三试题）The study doesn’t note these plant-based alternatives carry similar health risks or not. 【答案】 whether 【解析】考查连词。句意：这项研究没有指出这些植物性替代品是否会带来类似的健康风险。结合语意以及句末的or not可知，空处应填whether，whether…or not意为“是否”，符合题意。故填whether。 9.（2024年四川成都·模拟预测）One cannot help but wonder the man was holding, when looking up to the famous bronze standing man, in Sanxingdui, an archaeological (考古) site located in Sichuan province. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当人们抬头仰望位于四川省三星堆考古遗址的著名青铜站人时，不禁想知道这名男子拿的是什么。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺宾语成分，指事物，意为“拿着的东西”，用连接代词what。故填what。 10.（湖南省岳阳第一中学高三）Today the future of Dafen may depend on it is able to earn respect of the art world. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查宾语从句连词。句意：如今大芬的未来能取决于它能否赢得艺术界的尊重。分析句子可知，介词“on”后接的句子是宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，但缺乏“是否”含义，故填whether。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$