Unit 5 Revealing Nature 语法Grammar 过去完成时-2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

Unit 5 Revealing Nature 过去完成时练习 一、单项选择 1．The boss finally decided to send Lucy to Shanghai for a business trip, for she __________ there for eight years and is familiar with the city. A．had been working B．works C．would work D．had worked 2．Never ________ such a beautiful bridge before I came to the Golden Gate Bridge. A．have I seen B．I have seen C．had I seen D．I had seen 3．—Did Rachel see her old friends at the party yesterday? —Yes, she did. She them for a long time and she was overjoyed at the reunion. A．didn’t see B．wouldn’t see C．hasn’t seen D．hadn’t seen 4．By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ________ the dinner already. A．cooked B．have cooked C．had cooked D．was cooked 5．By the time we arrived, everyone ________ medical care. A．had received B．received C．was receiving D．receives 6．That was the first time Dad ________ me in a moment of emergency． A．counts on B．counted on C．had counted on D．has counted on 7．We _________ that you would come, but you didn’t. A．had hoped B．hoped C．has hoped D．hopes 8．I _______to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend. A．intended B．intend C．have intended D．had intended 9．Simon ______ the piano for years before he gave his first performance. A．has played B．had played C．was playing D．played 10．—Did you enjoy yourself in the park?    —Yes, it was the second time this month that I ________ it. A．visit B．had visited C．have visited D．was visiting 11．I it over and over again in my mind by the time my first day at senior high finally arrived. A．had pictured B．pictured C．was picturing D．has pictured 12．He explained to his mother ________ just now with a touch of fear remaining in his heart. A．what happens B．what did happen C．what is happening D．what had happened 13．By the time I got there, the match ______ already. A．had finished B．was finished C．has finished D．finished 14．By the time he realized he__________into a trap, it was already too late for him to do anything about it. A．walks B．walked C．has walked D．had walked 15．Researchers already knew that the builders of Stonehenge, which dates back to 2,500 BC, ________pork, beef and dairy. A．ate B．had eaten C．eats D．has eaten 16．The young couple hurried to Longyang Road Station, only to find the last train of Metro Line 18 ________by the time they got there. A．left B．has left C．was leaving D．had left 17．Kathy told me she _______ the organization three years before. A．joined B．had been joined C．had joined D．was joining 18．That was the first time I _______ English with a foreigner. A．spoke B．speak C．have spoken D．had spoken 19．It was the second time that she ________ Mount Everest with her teammates. A．had climbed B．has climbed C．would climb D．climbed 20．By nine o’clock last night, we ________ 200 pictures from the spaceship. A．will have got B．had got C．have got D．got 21．By the time he arrived in Beijing, we _______ there for two days. A．will have stayed B．stay C．have been staying D．had stayed 22．By about 6000 BC, people ________ the best crops to grow and animals to raise. A．discovered B．has discovered C．is discovered D．had discovered 23．Qatar _______ over a total of $ 220 billion preparing the stadiums, transportation and high rises for the World Cup before it began on Nov. 20. A．spends B．spent C．has spent D．had spent 24．When I was introduced to Mr. Griffin, I got a feeling that I ______  him somewhere before. A．have met B．met C．had met D．would meet 25．It was the second time that he ________ his wallet. A．has lost B．lost C．had lost D．was lost 26．I was surprised to see the same man I________ earlier. A．met B．had met C．have met D．was met 27．Jack _________ to visit his grandparents last weekend, but an emergency came up and he had to reschedule. A．planned B．has planned C．had planned D．was planning 28．Most of us __________ more than one thousand English words before we came to this school. A．would learn B．will lean C．have learned D．had learned 29．If only I ________ an umbrella last night! I was wet through. A．took B．should take C．had taken D．take 30．Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she ________ a few books on world history before hand. A．hadn’t read B．hasn’t read C．wouldn’t have read D．didn’t read 二、语法填空 31．When I arrived in New York, Mr Chen （reserve）a room for me. 32．I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. 33．When I got to school I found that my classmate (leave). 34．Researchers were puzzled over the results, which were completely opposite to what they (expect). 35．She asked me whether I (return) the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. 36．A mosquito had (bite) her and her arm had swollen up. 37．By the end of last year, 97 percent of primary and secondary schools in Zibo (complete) the digital transformation, with 295 schools establishing smart campuses equipped with multimedia classrooms. 38．Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 39．It was the fourth time she (shop) online for hours. 40．It was ten years since he had (quit) Russia. 41．The bill he (oppose) since he took office was eventually passed, resulting in more young men being recruited into the army. 42．By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” (complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes. 43．By August 1939, Winton (save) 669 children. 44．By the end of he was 14 years old, he (learn) advanced mathematics by himself. （所给词的适当形式填空） 45．I expected to feel instantly different, as if I (close) the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world. 46．By the time Tom got to the golf club, the first period (finish). 47．He (overcome) the difficulties with his English by the time he went abroad. 48．Sam (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. 49．The shy boy (plan) to drop out of school because of loneliness and sadness at the new place, but a small talk with the headmaster helped him out. 50．I am so upset that the house we (live) in for so many years was consumed by the fire. （所给词的适当形式填空） 51．During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local food his friends (recommend). (用所给词的适当形式填空) 52．The robbers (run) away before the policemen arrived. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 53．It was the first time that the baby (come) down with the flu, causing severe symptoms.（所给词的适当形式填空） 54．By the time of last year, we (build) two bridges. 55．He (picture) the senior life many times in his mind before he came to the high school. （所给词的适当形式填空） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：老板最终决定派Lucy去上海出差，因为她在那里工作了八年，对这座城市很熟悉。空处为句子的谓语动词，且该动作发生在前一句的decided之前，表示“在被派去出差之前，已经在那工作过8年了”，所以用过去完成时态，表示过去的过去。故选D。 2．C 【详解】考查过去完成时和部分倒装。句意：在我来到金门桥之前从未见过如此美丽的桥。时间状语从句“before I came to the Golden Gate Bridge(在我来到金门大桥之前)”为before引导的一般过去时句子，由此可推知，主句动作在从句动作“came”之前发生，应用过去完成时；且“Never”置于句首，句子要用部分倒装，即“Never +had+主语+done+…”。故选C项。 3．D 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：——瑞秋昨天在聚会上见到她的老朋友了吗？——是的。她很长时间没有见到他们了，她对这次重聚感到非常高兴。根据“and she was overjoyed at the reunion”可知，此处描述发生在过去之前的事情，应用过去完成时。故选D。 4．C 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天我父母到家的时候，我已经做好晚饭了。By the time是完成时的标志，由“my parents reached home yesterday”可知，句子时态是过去完成时，空格处是had cooked。故选C。 5．A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们到达时，每个人都得到了医疗护理。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语动词，结合该句时间状语By the time+“一般过去时”的从句可知，此处应为过去完成时，表示动作发生在arrived之前。故选A项。 6．C 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是爸爸第一次在紧急关头指望我。 此句为固定句型“It was the first time that...(某人第一次做某事)”，that从句用过去完成时，故选C。 7．A 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们原希望你能来，但你没有来。根据句意可知，hope表示的动作发生在didn’t之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选A。 8．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：我本来打算在机场接他，但我有一个重要的会议要参加。根据句中的but I had an important meeting to attend可知，这里表示本打算做某事却没有做，intend表示的动作发生在had之前，应用过去完成时。had intended to do sth.意为“本打算做某事”。故选D。 9．B 【详解】考查时态。句意：西蒙在第一次表演之前已经弹奏钢琴好几年了。根据句中gave可知，句子描述过去的动作，且结合语意，play这一动作发生在gave之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选B。 10．B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你在公园玩得开心吗? ——是的，这是我这个月第二次去了。此处是固定句型：it was+序数词 time that意为“某人在过去第几次做了某事”，在此句型中，that引导的从句中时态应用过去完成时。故选B项。 11．A 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我高中的第一天终于到来的时候，我已经在脑海里一遍又一遍地描绘了它。by the time...引导时间状语从句时，主句时态用完成时，由my first day at senior high finally arrived是一般过去时可知，空格处时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选A。 12．D 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他向母亲解释刚才发生的事，心里仍留有一丝恐惧。空处为宾语从句，从句语序应是陈述语序，排除B项，根据explained可知，从句用一般过去时，再根据just now可知，描述的是过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选D项。 13．A 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达那里时，比赛已经结束了。A. had finished完成，过去完成时；B. was finished完成，一般过去时的被动语态；C. has finished完成，现在完成时；D. finished完成，一般过去时。根据句中got可知，句子描述过去的情况，且结合语意，finish发生在got这一动作之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选A。 14．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他意识到自己掉进了陷阱时，他已经太晚了，无法采取任何行动。根据句意可知，宾语从句中谓语动词walk发生在主句动作之前，主句为一般过去时，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。故选D项。 15．B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究人员已经知道，追溯到公元前2500年的巨石阵的建造者们吃过猪肉、牛肉和奶制品。根据句中“2,500 BC”可知，巨石阵建造开始于公元前2500年，故建造者们吃猪肉、牛肉和奶制品是发生在研究人员知道之前的，主句中谓语动词“knew”为一般过去时，所以空处应为过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去。故选B。 16．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：这对年轻夫妇急忙赶到龙阳路站，但当他们到达那里时，却发现地铁18号线的末班车已经开走。by the time是完成时的标志，由they got there可知，空格处时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had left，故选D。 17．C 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：Kathy告诉我她是三年前加入这个组织的。空处是宾语从句的谓语动词，主句使用的是一般过去时，join表示的动作发生在told之前，故从句用过去完成时，故选C。 18．D 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：那是我第一次和外国人说英语。“that/this/it be the+序数词+time (that)”固定句型，表示“第几次做某事……”，在该句式中，主句用was，从句应用过去完成时，主句用is，从句用现在完成时，此处应用过去完成时。故选D。 19．A 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是她第二次和队友一起攀登珠穆朗玛峰。此处为句型It was the second time that+过去完成时，表示“第二次……”，故选A。 20．B 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到昨晚9点为止，我们已经从飞船上得到了200张照片。根据“By nine o’clock last night”可知，此处应用过去完成时。故选B。 21．D 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他到北京时，我们已经在那儿呆了两天了。根据arrived 可知，句子时态为一般过去时态，空格处的动作发生在“他到达”之前，表示“过去的过去”，为过去完成时，且主语和动词之间为主动关系，需用had done的形式。故选D项。 22．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：到公元前6000年左右，人们已经发现了最适合种植的作物和最适合饲养的动物。by + 过去时间，译为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故选D。 23．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：在11月20日世界杯开幕之前，卡塔尔为世界杯准备场馆、交通和高层建筑共花费了2200亿美元。设空处为主句的谓语，根据时间状语从句before it began on Nov. 20可知，主句的谓语动词发生在began之前，应用过去完成时，应填had spent。故选D项。 24．C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我被介绍给格里芬先生时，我有一种感觉，我曾经在某个地方见过他。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查主句谓语动词，meet这个动作发生在when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词was introduced之前，要用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。故选C。 25．C 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这是他第二次丢钱包了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定句型It was the +序数词+time+that+主语+过去完成时+其他，意为“这是某人第……次做某事。”故选C。 26．B 【详解】考查时态。句意：我惊讶地看到了我早些时候见过的同一个人。根据句意和前文一般过去时was以及后文earlier可知，此处应用过去完成时，表达“过去的过去”，指在一个过去行动之前已经完成了的动作。故选B项。 27．C 【详解】考查时态。句意：杰克原计划上周末去看望祖父母，但由于紧急情况，他不得不重新安排时间。设空处为谓语，根据下文“but an emergency came up and he had to reschedule”可知杰克是原计划上周去看望祖父母，应用过去完成时，had planned to do sth. (本计划做某事却没做)。故选C。 28．D 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们大多数人在来到这个学校之前已经学会了一千个英语单词。分析句子可知，“学习一千个英语单词”发生在“来到这个学校”前。根据“we came to this school.”可知，“学习单词”发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故选D项。 29．C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我昨晚带把伞就好了!我全身都湿透了。If only表示“要是……就好了”，这里表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时，因此空格处是had taken，故选C。 30．A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果琳达没有预先读过几本关于世界历史的书，她就不能这么轻易地回答这个问题了。由句意和上文的couldn't have answered可知，此处是if引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。 31．had reserved 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达纽约时，陈先生已经为我预订了一个房间。根据句意，动作“预订房间”发生在“到达纽约”之前，也就是过去的过去，因此用过去完成时态，故答案为had reserved。 32．had hoped 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本希望送一份礼物给彼得，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。根据“but I couldn’t manage it”可知，该希望没有实现，应用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望，had hoped to do意为“本希望做而没有做”。故填had hoped。 33．had left 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达学校时，我发现我的同学已经离开了。“leave”的动作发生在“found”之前，表示“过去的过去”，所以此处要用过去完成时。故填had left。 34．had expected 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：研究人员对结果感到困惑，这与他们的预期完全相反。此处表示“结果与他们原本预期的完全相反”，expect表示的动作发生在were completely opposite之前，表示过去的过去，使用过去完成时，故填had expected。 35．had returned 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她问我是否把书还给了图书馆，我承认没有。空处作宾语从句的谓语，return发生在asked之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填had returned。 36．bitten 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：一只蚊子咬了她，她的手臂肿了起来。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，A mosquito与bite为主动关系，且这里时态应与后面保持一致，用过去完成时，所以此空应填过去分词和前面had构成过去完成时。故填bitten。 37．had completed 【详解】考查时态。句意：截至去年年底，淄博市97%的中小学完成了数字化转型，295所学校建立了配备多媒体教室的智能校园。根据上文By the end of last year可知发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had completed。 38．had arrived 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 39．had shopped 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是她第四次在网上连续购物数小时了。在“It/That was the first/second/third…time that…”句型中，that引导的从句要用过去完成时。故填had shopped。 40．quit/quitted 【详解】考查时态。句意：他离开俄国已经十年了。此处使用动词quit“离开”的过去分词quit或quitted，与空前的had构成过去完成时，表过去的过去。故填quit或quitted。 41．had opposed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他上任以来一直反对的法案最终获得通过，导致更多年轻人被招募入伍。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的谓语部分，根据时间状语since he took office可知，应使用完成时，根据主句的谓语动词was，可知，此处表示过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had opposed。 42．had completed 【详解】考查时态。句意：到2021年底，“数字敦煌项目”已完成了268个洞窟的数字收集。根据时间状语By the end of 2021可知，该句应用过去完成时。故填had completed。 43．had saved 【详解】考查时态。句意：到1939年8月，温顿已经拯救了669名儿童。根据By August 1939可知，本句为过去完成时，表示在1939年8月之前就已经完成了。故填had saved。 44．had learnt/had learned 【详解】考查时态。句意：到14岁的时候，他已经自学了高等数学。根据上文By the end of he was 14 years old可知为过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had learnt/learned。 45．had closed 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本以为会立刻感觉不一样，就好像我关上了童年的门，走进了一个全新的成人世界。分析句子可知，设空处方式状语从句的谓语部分，主句是一般过去时，根据句意，此处表示对过去的虚拟，谓语动词应使用过去完成时。故填had closed。 46．had finished 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：当汤姆到达高尔夫俱乐部时，第一阶段已经结束了。根据时间状语By the time Tom got to the golf club可知，空处描述的动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had finished。 47．had overcome 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到他出国时，他已经克服了英语方面的困难。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，根据“by the time he went abroad”可知，到他出国时，他已经克服了英语方面的困难，“overcome”发生在“went abroad”之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had overcome。 48．had written 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：萨姆写这本小说已经三年了，上周出版了。根据“it was published last week”可知，小说上周出版，而“write”表示的动作发生在出版之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填had written。 49．had planned 【详解】考查时态。句意：由于在新地方感到孤独和悲伤，这个害羞的男孩本打算退学，但与校长的一次简短交谈帮助他摆脱了困境。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“a small talk with the headmaster helped him out”可知，应用过去完成时，即had planned to do表示这个男孩本来计划退学，但事实上没做成，属于虚拟语气。故填had planned。 50．had lived 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们住了这么多年的房子被大火烧毁了，我很难过。分析句子，设空处使用动词作省略that引导定语从句的谓语动词，句中for so many years为完成时时间标志，根据后文的was可知，句子表述过去的过去，故使用过去完成时。故填had lived。 51．had recommended 【详解】考查时态。句意：在西安期间，Jerry尝试了朋友推荐的几乎所有当地食物。分析句子句子可知，此空应填从句的谓语动词，his friends和recommend为主动关系，且recommend动作发生在tried之前，所以这里应用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”。故填had recommended。 52．had run 【详解】考查时态。句意：在警察到来之前，抢劫犯已经逃跑了。根据句意可知“警察到来之前，抢劫犯已经逃跑了”，也就是说“逃跑”发生在“警察到来”之前，也就是过去的过去，因此用过去完成时：had+过去分词，故填had run。 53．had come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是婴儿第一次感染流感，症状很严重。分析句子结构可知，在it was the first / second...time（that）句型中，that从句中用过去完成时。故填had come。 54．had built 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到去年为止，我们已经建了两座桥。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语by the end of last year可知，此处应使用过去完成时态，且build与句子主语we之间为主动关系。故填had built。 55．had pictured 【详解】考查时态。句意：在他上高中之前，他曾在脑海中多次描绘过高中生活。根据后文before he came to the high school.可知picture发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had pictured。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$