必修三Unit 2 Natural disasters 强基固本-2025届新高考英语一轮复习强基固本能力提升(译林版2020)

必修三Unit 2 Natural disasters 强基固本 一、全部单词 序 号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 n.郡，县 2 vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 ________ n.伤害，损伤 ________ adj.受伤的，受损害的 ________ n.伤者/伤员 3 n.灾难，灾害；彻底失败 ________ adj.灾难性的 4 n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 ________ vi.反应，(对……)做出反应；回应；起化学反应 5 n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 6 vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 7 vt.& vi.出去，离去，退场；退出 n.出口，通道；离开 8 adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 ________ n.顺序 v.命令 ________ n.秩序井然，有条不紊，整洁，整齐 9 n.楼梯；梯级 10 n.名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 11 vt.证实，确认；使确信； 批准 ________ adj.已被确定的，已被证实的，根深蒂固的 ________ n.确定，确证，确认书，证明书 12 vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 13 n.程序，步骤，手续 14 *tsunami 15 adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 ________ adv.古怪地，怪异地，反常地 16 *bubble 17 vi.发生，出现；存在于 ________ n.出现；发生，事件 18 n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 ________ vt.减轻，缓和 ________ adj.(感到)欣慰的，放心的 19 typhoon 20 adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的 ________ n.破坏，毁灭，破坏 ________v.摧毁，毁灭，破坏 ________ n.破坏者，毁灭者；驱逐舰 ________________.n.毁灭性，破坏性 21 n.柱，杆；极 ________ adj.极地的，两极的，正好相反的 ________ vt. & vi.(使)两极化，(使)截然对立 ________ adj.两极分化的，截然对立的 ________ n.两极化，截然对立 22 vt.了解，熟悉；通知 ________ n.信息 ________ adj.有学问的；见多识广的，消息灵通的 23 hurricane 24 n.会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 25 n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊 ________ adj.令人震惊的 ________ adj.感到震惊的 26 vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓 ________ adj.恐惧的；惊恐的；害怕的 ________ adj.恐怖的，吓人的 27 n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量 ________ adj.强大的 (adv.________) ________ adj.无力的；无权的，无能的 28 n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供 29 vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血) ________ n.捐赠 ________ n.捐赠者，捐款人，献血者 30 n.慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 ________ adj.慈善的，慈善事业的 31 n.全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于 32 n.幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 33 n.资金；基金 34 n.洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 35 adv.在楼下，往楼下 n.楼下 36 n.文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档 ________ n.纪录片adj. 纪实的 37 n.(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜 38 adv.否则，不然；除此以外 39 adj.好奇的；奇特的 ________ adv.好奇地 ________ n.好奇(心) 40 adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n.古罗马人；罗马人 41 vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生 ________ n.爆发，喷发，火山灰 ________ adj.火山爆发/喷发的 42 vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 43 n.目的地，终点 44 n.酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止 45 n.进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进 ________ n.进口商、进口国 46 n.出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出 ________ n.出口商、出口国 47 n.港口，避风港；港口城市 48 adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 49 *ashy ________ n.灰，灰烬，废墟 50 n.黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.开始；开始清楚 51 volcano 52 n.树干 53 adj.难耐的，无法忍受的 ________ adj.可以忍受的 ________ vt.承受，忍受，生(孩子) 54 adv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep.在(或向)更远处； 超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外 55 n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 ________ adj.遥远的，遥远的；冷淡的；疏远的 _______ adv. 遥远地；冷淡地；疏远地 56 n.图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 57 n.柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列 58 n.& vt.救援，营救，抢救 ________ n.救援人员/救助者 =________ 59 adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的 ________ adv.急剧地；锋利地；鲜明地 ________ vt.使锋利，(使)变得锋利 (使)提高，改善 60 vt.找出……的准确位置；把…… 安置在(或建造于) ________ n.定位，位置，地点，场所 61 vi.& vt.退休，退职 ________ n.退休，退职 ________ n.退休人员 ________ adj.退休的 ________ adj.腼腆的；不爱与人交往的 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 突然开始，爆发 拓展 break away from break down break in(不跟宾语) break into(跟宾语) break off break out of break through break up break up with 2 抓紧，不放开，(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 3 了解，熟悉 使……了解，知道 拓展 accuse sb. of sth. convince sb. of sth. cure sb. of sth. inform sb. of sth. remind sb. of sth. rob sb. of sth. suspect sb. of sth. warn sb. of sth. 4 (在困境中)保持冷静 拓展 use one’s head hold one’s head high shake one’s head head for 5 被想到，浮现在脑中 6 = 用完，耗尽 拓展 run out=give out=be used up run across run after run away from run away/off with sb. run away with sth. run for run into run over 7 与……保持距离，远离 8 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 拓展 in the form of... fill in/out a form 9 点名 10 到处，各处 11 安然无恙的 12 整个，全部 13 同时 14 朝着四面八方 15 万一，假使，以备，以防 拓展 in any case in most/some cases in no case in this/that case in case of＋n.情况下 16 详细地 17 就……而言 18 面临…… 19 在远处 20 (much)to one’s relief 令人(非常)宽慰的是 三、经典句型 1.尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。(despite+名词<短语>/代词/动名词短语) 2.爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，妈妈正在把重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。(while句型) 3.它的墙好像昨天刚刚粉刷过；富丽堂皇的地板上没有一点颜色变化。(as if/as though句型) 4.艾丽斯·布朗，弗尔蒙特小学的班主任正在上课，这时地板开始摇晃起来。 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. injury 【词不离句】Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16) 【拓展延伸】 do sb./oneself an injury=do an injury to sb./oneself使某人/自己受到伤害 be/get badly/seriously injured严重受伤，受重伤 protect from injury防止受伤 injure one’s pride/feelings/reputation伤害某人的自尊/感情/损害某人的声誉 2. reaction 【词不离句】Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.(16) 【拓展延伸】 in reaction to...对……的反应 react to对……作出反应；回应…… react with...与……起反应 react against反抗 3. confirm 【词不离句】After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.(P16) 【拓展延伸】 confirm sb. in sth.使某人确信某事 confirm one’s belief/determination坚定某人的信念/决心 confirm one’s opinion/suspicions证明/证实某人的观点/猜疑 confirm that/wh-clause确定，证实…… It has been confirmed that(从句)，已经确定/证实/证明…… 4. occur 【词不离句】It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 occur in存在于，出现在 sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事 It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人突然想到做某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that...某人突然想起…… 5. relief 【词不离句】To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 in relief 如释重负，松了口气 to one’s relief令/让/使某人欣慰的是 (to one’s relief为了强调，可在to前面加much或者relief前加great，意为“令/让/使某人非常欣慰的是”。有相同用法的词还有：surprise, joy, regret等。) with relief欣慰地，如释重负地 sigh with relief/breathe a sigh of relief松/舒了口气 It’s a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的 international relief effort(s)国际救援工作 disaster relief efforts救灾/救援工作 disaster relief efforts用于救灾(赈灾)/用于救济(救援)工作 relieve one’s pain/ pressure(stress)/anxiety/guilt减轻(缓解、消除)某人的痛苦/压力焦虑/内疚 relieve sb.of...减轻某人的……；将某人从……中解脱出来，解除某人的职务 relieve the symptoms of减轻……的症状 relieve poverty缓解贫困 6. inform 【词不离句】Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.(P19) 【拓展延伸】 inform sb. That从句/of what从句...通告/告知某人…… inform sb. of sth.通告/告知某人某事 keep sb. informed of/about sth.随时让某人了解某事，随时通知某人某事 “动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语还有： warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 cure sb. of sth.治好某人某病/改掉某人某毛病 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事 suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物 convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 7. shock 【词不离句】As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.(P 20) 【拓展延伸】 be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊 (be)numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 It be a shock to do sth做某事真是令人震惊 be shocked that...对……感到震惊 8. scare 【词不离句】The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me, but I was quite frightened during the power failure. (P 20) 【拓展延伸】 scare...away/off把……吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事 be scared to death吓得要死 be scared to do sth./of doing sth害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事 scare sb. off(be scared off)吓倒某人(被吓倒) 9. supply 【词不离句】Were you afraid of running out of supplies? (P 20) 【拓展延伸】 supply sth.to sb./supply sb. with sth.提供某物给某人 a good supply of/large supplies of大量 in short supply供应不足，短缺，缺少 supply and demand供求关系 relief supplies救援物资 注意：provide和offer的用法 provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 10. donate 【词不离句】Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.(P20) 【拓展延伸】 donate sth.to...向……捐赠某物 give/make donations/a donation(of sth./money)to...向……捐赠(某物/钱) 11. curious 【词不离句】She was curious to see how much water there was outside.(P23) 【拓展延伸】 be curious about sth.对某事好奇 be curious to do sth.很想/极想做某事，渴望做某事 (be)filled with curiosity怀着好奇心 full/out of curiosity充满/出于好奇 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心 show curiosity about sth.对某事表现出好奇心 give in to curiosity抑制不住好奇心 with curiosity=curiously好奇地 It is curious/strange that…奇怪的是……/……真是奇怪 12. distance 【词不离句】At that moment，they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.(P26) 【拓展延伸】 in the distance在远处 from a distance(of)从远处 at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远，离一段距离 keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from sb对某人冷淡，与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距离 within walking distance在步行距离之内 13. rescue 【词不离句】Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land.(P27) 【拓展延伸】 come/go to one’s rescue/to the rescue of sb.来/去营救某人 rescue ... from...把……从……救出来 二、经典句型 1.despite+名词(短语)/代词/动名词短语 【原句呈现】Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16 Lines 2-4)尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤, 但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 【拓展延伸】 本句中介词despite后面跟了名词短语the current figures of...，除了跟名词短语外，其后还可以跟名词， 代词和动名词短语等。此外，还有despite the fact +that同位语从句、despite what宾语从句。 注意：despite用作介词时，与 in spite of同义，都表示“尽管”、“虽然”、“不顾”之意，但 程度有所不同。一般说来，in spite of的语气较强，使用范围也较广； despite的语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。despite是介词，in spite of是介词短语，两者后面都是接名词/代词/动名词短语。 例句： ①Despite the bad weather and difficulties, the students still finished their military training. 尽管天气不佳，困难重重，同学们还是完成了军训。 ②Despite(facing)the challenges, he successfully completed the task, demonstrating remarkable perseverance and Determination. 尽管面临挑战，他还是成功完成了任务，展现出了出色的毅力和决心。 ③Despite the fact that the three teams adopted different approaches to the problem, they all succeeded in the end.尽管这三个团队采取了不同的方法解决这个问题，他们最终都成功了。 ④Despite what he said/In spite of what he said,I think he’s still in love with you. 不管他说了什么，我认为他仍然爱着你。 ⑤Despite that, parents should know these possible risks and consider other ways to replace lying, such as knowing children’s feelings, giving information so children know what to expect, offering choices and solving problems together.”尽管如此，父母应该知道这些可能的风险，并考虑其他方法来代替说谎， 比如了解孩子的感受，给孩子提供信息，让他们知道会发生什么，提供选择，一起解决问题。 ⑥Despite this, I couldn’t resist the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. 尽管如此，我还是无法抵挡参观Ciudad Perdida的机会。 ⑦I was taken ten meters down and, despite being followed by a guide, I had the greatest feeling of freedom in this completely silent world.我被带到十米深的地方，尽管有一个向导跟着我，但在这个完全寂静的世界里，我有一种最大的自由感。 ⑧Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he hasn’t found one. 尽管申请了几百份工作了，他还是一个都没有找到。 2.while句型 【原句呈现】Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.(P23)爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，妈妈正在把重要的文件和灾 难必需品放入一个包里。 【拓展延伸】 ①while在本句中作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时候”(当主从句的主语一致时，常常用省略句)。 ②while作从属连词还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。 ③while作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。 注意：while跟when不同，while不可以表示“这时”。 例句： ①While(he was)writing the book, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own. 在写这本书的时候，李时珍独自品尝了一些不知名的植物，吃了不少苦。 ②The old map will be of great use while you are travelling.这张旧地图在你旅行时很有用。 ③While I am willing to help, I don’t have much time.尽管我愿意帮忙，可我没有足够的时间。 ④While human beings dominate the world, we should not violate the laws of nature, otherwise we will be punished by it.虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不能违背自然规律，否则我们会受到大自然的惩罚。 ⑤Most of my classmates are fond of Chinese paintings while I prefer to learn about western paintings. 我的大部分同学都喜欢中国绘画，而我更愿意学习西方绘画。 ⑥Although/While/Though we were surrounded/Surrounded as/though we were surrounded by the enemy, we managed to march forward.虽然被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法向前推进。 ④We were having a lesson when a stranger came in.我们正在上课，这时一个陌生人进来了。 3.as if/as though句型 【原句呈现】Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(P26 Lines 33-35)它的墙好像昨天刚刚粉刷过；富丽堂皇的地板上没有一点颜色变化。 【拓展延伸】 ①本句中 as if painted yesterday是由“as if” 引导的省略句=as if they had been painted yesterday。 as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。 ②as if/though意为“似乎，好像”可以引导表语从句和方式状语从句。 ③as if/though从句中用虚拟语气 若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时； 若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时； 若表示与将来相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could/might do。 注意：如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。 例句： ①She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone/waiting for someone.她站在门口好像在等人。 ②We discussed my opinion for a while, and I felt he was eyeing me doubtfully as if to say how stupid it was.我们讨论了一会儿我的意见，我觉得他怀疑地看着我，好像在说这是多么蠢。 ③The injured soldier opened his mouth as if he had something to say/to say something. 那个受伤的士兵张了张嘴，好像有话要说似的。 ④It seems as if/as though nothing can stop him.似乎没有什么可以阻止他。 ⑤She speaks English as if/as though she were a native of New York. 她讲英语好像她是一位地道的纽约人。 ⑥The boy muttered something, as though he hadn’t heard of this thing. 这个男孩嘀咕着什么，好像没有听说过这件事一样。 ⑦It always seemed as if/though they would(might, could)get married.看起来他们好像是要结婚似的。 ⑧The sky looks so dark that it seems as though it is going to rain.天看起来这么黑，好像要下雨了。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.After the accident, 80 per cent of the passengers who/that recovered from the ________(震惊)somehow suffered a slow _________(反应). 2.On the eve of the annual fundraiser, the ________(慈善)organization’s president decided to personally call on all the ________(捐赠者)to express their gratitude to all the ________(捐赠者)and ask for continued support. 3.The _________(爆发)of this _________(火山) would be _________(毁灭性的). 4.The disaster ________(救济)________(资金)are already in place so that people in the earthquake-stricken area can carry out reconstruction work without delay. 5.Please write and tell me what is the ________(程序)for applying for a visa. 6.He has been accustomed to/used to the ________(热带的)climate in the area since he has stayed there for almost ten years. 7.The river flows through three ________(县)and into the sea just south of here. 8.She ________(示意)to her students to e________ the classroom in an o_______ line covering their heads with their hands. 9.The memories of my childhood ________(大量涌入)back to my mind when I smelt the familiar smell. 10.In the newspaper of our school there is a _________(栏目)called “Foreign Cultures”.   11.1,400 medical personnel from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army are _________(在……工作)the hospital. 12.As an ancient _________(港口)city, London has a history dating back to Roman times. 13.This totem(图腾)________(柱)was carved from a single tree ________(树干).  14.Since 1748, Pompeii has been systematically________(挖掘). Today it is an international tourist ________(目的地). 15.Mom _________(拥抱)me, asking ,“H_________, would you like to join me in decorating the Christmas tree?” 16.This material is _________(进口)from Italy, but it’s not as good as ours. 17.It is a golden rule in international trade that if you _________(出口)nothing but raw materials, you’re at the mercy of world prices. 18.There is a sort of ________(灰色的)behavior between lawful behavior and offence behavior.  19.The pain was almost more than he could b________. 20.Nowhere else can you find such a quiet and beautiful place as Kaihua National Forest Park, whose beauty is b_________ description. 21.Adolescents need adults to guide them; o________, it is easy for them to get into trouble. 22.Just as I was going d_________, it o________ to me that I had left the door unlocked. 23.Nobody noticed when he entered the classroom; he must have s_________ into it from the back door.(slide) 24.That team of soldiers had just returned from the d_________ area when they were sent to fulfill a new task. 25.This p_________ of woods and fields is typical of the English landscape. 26.That noise is u_________! I’m going to lose my hearing! 27.The computer has c_________ five times in the last few minutes and I will get it repaired tomorrow. 28.Many years later, it d_________ on me that my parents’ birthdays were never mentioned. 29.After the bombing, the whole area was b_________ to the public. 30.Research suggests that pets have offered emotional support during the pandemic, helping(to)make the long days of isolation more b_________. 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1.Measures should be taken to ease up the social conflicts brought up by ________(polar). 2.Such misunderstandings reflect the ________(polar)debate concerning the nature of automation and the future of jobs. 3.China slowly develops a more reliable social security system for ________(retire). 4.The country is now the world’s largest________(export) of goods and the second largest________(import), which has created millions of jobs in export industry and related areas. 5.As the clown performed silly tricks, the children in the audience ________(eruptive)into delighted and amused laughter. 6.After the ________(disaster)earthquake, the rescue team sent the ________(injure)to the hospital without delay. 7.She must have been well disciplined for her ________(order). 8.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in ________ (power)high-rise buildings. 9.The ________(document)stirred up a lot of discussion about environmental issues last year. 10.Not only do great writers have great thoughts but also they express their thoughts in words which ________(power) influence our minds and emotions. 11.Her actions contrasted ________(sharp) with/to her promises. 12.Based on the _________(inform), we can conclude that the company is the world’s largest _________ (destroy)of the river. 13.As many old ________ men say, for many middle-aged people, when it comes to preparing for ________, they are not quite sure about how much money they should save and spend.(retire) 14.This incident has ________(sharp)public awareness of the economic crisis. 15.Many species are in extinction because of our _________(destroy)of their habitats. 16.Every year, he ________(donate)millions of dollars to sponsor________(charity)activities. 17.Looking through the newspaper, I’m _________(shock) by photos showing a hurricane has _________ (destroy)a town. 18.I can certainly tell you the ________ of the library. It is ________ in the west of the campus.(locate) 19.She felt, _________(odd), that they had been happier when they had no money. 20.I’m still that shy, _________(retire)little girl who was afraid to ask for sweets in the shop. 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1.After his terrifying adventure, Mac felt relieved when he reached home _____________. 2.He had to ask his parents for help because _________________ money. 3.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated _______________ overall qualities. 4.To be brief, no matter who you are and what you are doing, you should have your dreams and ____________ them because they give you chances to taste success. 5.Angry arguments over unimportant things commonly ____________ between teenagers. 6.______________ all these difficulties, we should not be discouraged but keep our spirits up. 7.________________, their son soon overcame the language barrier and learned to adjust/adapt to the new life there. 8.They must use research to _____________________ the missing parts of the story. 9.It immediately _____________ her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 10.The more you know about the terrible consequences of taking drugs, the more likely you are to _____________ them. 11.Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spreads ______________. 12.But, as the opinion poll shows, the party’s standing with the people ___________ has never been so low. 13.Hearing the gun, the horses were panicked into running _________________. 14.When Jim heard the fire alarm he _________________ and looked for the nearest exit. 15.Dad moved the table against the door, ___________ the floodwater forced the door open. 16.In this model, the return message might _______________ feedback or a formal reply. 17.Latest development in relation to the disease will be discussed ___________ in next meeting. 18.My failure to answer the ___________ made the teacher very angry.  19.I was concentrating on reading a novel when I heard someone _______________ call my name. 20.As time went by, I was getting older and older and _________________ I wanted to leave home to earn my living. 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. injury 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①________ often occurs in the football games. Measures should be taken to prevent players from ________. ②Without the proper treatment, minor ________ or burns could lead to more suffering and even loss of lives. ③Not only he but also his parents ________ severely in the car accident yesterday. ④Many of the ________ are still in a serious condition. ⑤The governor called on the ________ miners in the hospitals after inspecting the accident site. 完成句子 ⑥小心那些化学制品，否则你会伤着自己的。 Be careful with the chemicals, or _________________________. ⑦这会严重损害公司的声誉。 This could seriously _____________________. ⑧七人被困在星期五发生的大火里，其中四人当场受了重伤。 Seven people were caught in the big fire that broke out on Friday, _____________________ at the scene. ⑨运动员必须戴防护垫以免受伤。 Players must wear padding to _________________.  2. reaction 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①People’s ________ to the movie adapted from a famous novel vary greatly. ②Advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in turn, are likely to influence consumers’ ________ to products. 完成句子 ③孩子往往故意不听父母的话来表示抗拒。 Children tend to ___________________ by going against their wishes. ④学生们对铁与水反应缓慢的结论有什么反应？ How ___________________ that iron ______________________ water? ⑤一位发言人说这些变化并非是对公司最近的损失的反应。 A spokesman said the changes were not __________________________. ⑥你认为他会对这个坏消息作何反应? How do you think ________________?/What do you think ________________? 3. confirm 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①There has still been no official ________(confirm)of the report, so we don’t know if it is true. ②The daily number of newly cured and discharged(出院)patients exceeded that of the newly ________ cases. 完成句子 ③他举了许多例子来证实他的观点。 He gave many examples to _______________________. ④已经确认巴蜀的新校区明年将投入使用。 _______________________ a new campus of Bashu Secondary School will be put into use next year. ⑤亨利给机场打电话想确认飞往旧金山的24航班是否会准时离港。 Harry ______________________________ Flight 24 for San Francisco is departing on time. ⑥他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。 His guilty expression _____________________. ⑦这使我更加坚定了不要放弃学习酌涣心。 _______________________ my decision not to give up my studies. 4. occur 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The restlessness of animals indicated a possible _________(occur)of an earthquake. ②In the spring of 2023, the sudden climate change _________ in this area, killing a lot of crops. ③Without these naturally _________ greenhouse gases, the sun’s rays would bounce back into space, leaving the earth cold and impossible to live on. 完成句子 ④我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。(一句多译) _____________________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. ⑤我突然想到，我可以换一种方式解决这个问题。 ______________________ to work out the problem in another way.=______________________ I can work out the problem in other ways. ⑥今年春季，这个地区发生了突发性气候变化,对庄稼造成了巨大的影响。 This spring, ______________________________ this area, having a great impact on crops. ⑦他已经不省人事了，当我看着他的脸时，我突然想起了什么。 He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, ______________________.   5. relief 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①With his help, I managed to take some effective measures ________ my great pressure. ②One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ________ feelings of homesickness. ③She was ________ to hear the news that all the residents had been saved. ④Henry was capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a ________. 完成句子 ⑤令人惊讶的是，这个小女孩似乎理解了我的意思，也不再哭了。我望着她的大眼睛，松了一口气。 Surprisingly, the little girl seemed to understand me and stopped crying. Looking into her big eyes, I _______ ___________. ⑥你刚才说的话减轻了她的压力。 What you said just now ______________________. ⑦听说他在事故中幸免于难，并安然无恙地回到家，真让人欣慰。 _________________________ that he survived the accident and came back home safe and sound. ⑧迄今为止，中国已多次参与国际救援工作。 Up to now, China has participated in ___________________ for many times. ⑨成千上万的人可能会因为救灾工作的滞后而死亡。 Thousands of people could die because the relief effort ____________________. ⑩听说她的儿子被清华大学录取了，她如释重负地笑了。 She ________________ after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University. ⑪令他非常欣慰的是，孩子们都找到了好的工作。 _______________________, his children all found a good job. His children all found a good job, which _______________. ⑫很多专家同意这一观点，即中药有减轻新冠病毒症状的可能性。 Most experts subscribe to have the potential to the view that _________________________________ the novel coronavirus 6. inform 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①________ of the current affairs in the world, the old man even learned to surf the Internet in his eighties. ②Become an _________ consumer, and you will increase your value to your organization. ③In library books and computers, you can find ________ on starting a business. 完成句子 ④我写信是想邀请您参加我们的广播节目“Talk and Talk”。让我告诉您更多细节。 I’m writing to invite you to be on our broadcast “Talk and Talk”. Let me _________________________. ⑤我每天看电视以使自己了解世界上正在发生的事情。 I watch TV every day _____________________ what is going on in the world. ⑥“我很遗憾地通知你，你考试不及格。”“你应该后悔没有更加努力学习。” —I _____________________ you failed in the exam. —You should regret not studying harder. 附录：用“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语完成句子 ①失去钱包的打击，使我一改过去心不在焉的坏毛病。 The shock of losing my purse ________ my former absent-mindedness. ②她警告她的朋友有危险。 She ___________________ the danger. ③这些工厂的老板被指控剥削工人。 The employers of these factories _______________ exploiting their workers. ④他们被打倒在地并被抢走了钱包。 They were knocked to the ground and ________ their wallets. ⑤为了使警察相信他是无辜的，嫌疑犯提供了几个令人信服的事实。 In order to ______________ his innocence, the suspect offered several convincing facts. ⑥这名涉嫌对一家公司实施网络犯罪的年轻人被警方逮捕并接受了问话。 The young man, ____________________ committing cybercrime against a company, was arrested and interviewed by the police. ⑦这些成就显示了决心的力量，但也提醒了我们面临的挑战。 These achievements showed the power of determination, but they also _______________ the challenges. 7. shock 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①All the people present felt _________ at the _________ news.(shock) ②The news of the disaster occurring there ________ the whole nation. 完成句子 ③得知他病得很重，我很震惊。 ___________________________ that he’s badly ill. ④这个坏消息让我们大家非常震惊。 The bad news ________________________________. _________________________________ the bad news. ⑤听到他的话，一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感涌上我的心头，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的脚就像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。 At his words, an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride flooding over me, I simply _______________, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn’t move an inch. ⑥看到厨房里的混乱，父亲震惊得目瞪口呆。 Seeing the great mess in the kitchen, the father _______________________. 8. scare 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I can tell she doesn’t like dogs from the ________ look on her face. ②Seeing the ________ wolf, children were very ________, but some adults managed ________ the beast off. ③It _________ me to think I was alone in the building.  完成句子 ④当我们发现地面在摇晃时，我们都吓得要死。 We ________________________ when we found the ground was shaking. ⑤那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。 Those who achieve great things are the ones willing _________________________. ⑥这些可爱的小动物被巨大的噪音吓跑了。 The cute little animals ____________________________. ⑦那些淘气的孩子被吓得说出了真相。 Those naughty children ___________________________. ⑧父亲一回到家，我就胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。 The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and _________________________________. 9. supply 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①So far, relief _________ have been put in place and will be sent to earthquake-hit areas in Gansu Province. ②Foods ________ our daily vitamin needs are sold in the supermarket. ③While we were hiking in the Gobi, some support cars followed us all the way to help keep us ________ 完成句子 ④在夏秋两季，冬眠动物在体内储存了大量的脂肪。 Hibernating animals __________________________ in their bodies during the summer and autumn. ⑤食物供应短缺，所以他们为我们提供各种各样的食物和蔬菜。 ______________________, so they ___________________________________. ⑥在每个学期开始的时候，学生们都会得到一份他们要读的书单。 At the beginning of every semester, ___________________ a list of books that they are expected to read. ⑦价格的变化通常随供求的变化而变化。 Changes in price normally ___________________________. ⑧当地政府为贫困儿童提供免费教科书，一些公司为他们提供食物。 The local government ___________________ free textbooks and some companies ______________ them. 10. donate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The ________ generously ________ food and money to the poor family and his ________ helped them go through the hard time. ②The ________ refused to tell his name after ________ a large amount of money. ③Charities appealed for _________ of food and clothing to the homeless of the earthquake. 完成句子 ④虽然我失去了我的存钱罐，但把钱捐给需要帮助的人让我非常高兴。 Though I lost my piggy bank, I was overwhelmed with happiness by ___________________. ⑤许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。 Many people came to help, ______________________________. 11. curious 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①We were ________ about the wildlife, so we walked into the thick forest ________. It was this experience that satisfied our ________. 完成句子 ②孩子们喜欢以极大的好奇心探索这个世界。 The children like to ______________________________. ③这个小男孩对他周围的一切事物都很好奇，他的父母总是满足他的好奇心。 The little boy _____________________________, and his parents always ____________________. ④我钦佩父亲，他的工作让我充满敬畏和好奇。 I admired my father, and his work _____________________________. ⑤孩子们常常充满好奇心，他们对每件事都很感兴趣。 Children ___________________ and they take great interest in everything.  ⑥出于好奇，小女孩打开了那个小盒子。 _____________________, the little girl opened the little box. The little girl opened the little box because _________________ ⑦他竟然抑制不住好奇心，未经我的允许就打开了我的手提包。 He should ___________________ and opened my handbag without my permission. ⑧大厅里的人看起来很好奇，好奇地看着我。 The people in the hall _________________, keeping their eyes on me _____________. ⑨她竟没有赢得比赛，真是奇怪。 __________________ she should have failed to win the race.  ⑩如果你想深入了解这种传统的历史，你一定不要错过这个黄金机会！ If you __________________________ the history of the tradition, you mustn’t miss the golden opportunity! ⑪坐在窗口旁边的编辑表现出对各个领域的好奇。 The editor sitting next to the window ____________________ various fields. 12. distance 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Nowadays, _________ won’t prevent us from getting in touch even if you live in a _________ land. ②Some plants that look nearly identical turn out to be only ________ related. 完成句子 ③让我们非常高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河边。 Much to our delight, ________________________ caught our attention and drove us to the river bank. ④从远处看，这座岛屿就像一朵云彩。 _________________________, the island looks like a cloud.  ⑤有人告诫她说，如果她不想受到伤害，就离查尔斯远一点。 She was warned ________________________ if she didn’t want to get hurt. ⑥海滩离我家只有几步之遥。 The beach is ________________________ of my house.  13. rescue 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①_________(rescue)were still working their way towards the trapped men  ②Some of the ________ workers and doctors were trapped in the hurricane. 完成句子 ③消防员奋战两小时,将人们从大楼中救出。 Firefighters worked for two hours ______________________. ④幸运的是，那位老人把她从可怕的生活中拯救了出来。 Luckily, the old man ___________________________. ⑤周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来/去营救她。 All the people nearby ________________________ when hearing her cry for help. ⑥他去抢救溺水儿童，把个人安危置之度外。 He ____________________________ regardless of his personal safety. ⑦医务人员都在忙着抢救重大事故中的伤员。 Medical workers _____________________ in the major accident. 五、句型仿写 1.尽管他很努力，他还是没能通过这次至关重要的考试。 ________________________________, he still failed to pass the crucial exam. 2.尽管没有去过中国，但他对书法感到兴奋，并对中国文化表示钦佩。 He was excited to experience calligraphy and showed admiration for Chinese culture, _____________________. 3.不管过去发生了什么，我想让她知道我在那里支持她。 _________________________, I want her to know I am there for her. 4.尽管如此，中国还是从零开始成功研制出了自己的原子弹、航空母舰、卫星和战斗机。 _________________, China managed to develop its own atomic bombs , aircraft carriers, satellites, and fighter jets starting from zero. 5.其他人会在压力下崩溃，而少数人即使面对压力也能表现出色。 Others fall apart under pressure, _________ a few do well _________________. 6.尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得很好。 _____________________, they got along quite well in the summer camp. 7.他等公共汽车时，狗一直陪伴着他。 The dog kept him company _____________________________. 8.爷爷举起右手，好像要说些什么。 Grandpa raised his right hand ____________________________________. 9.他表现得好像一点都没有听说过这件事一样。 He acted _________________________ this thing. 10.他喜欢夸夸其谈，好像他是个重要人物。 He likes to talk big as though _______________________. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修三Unit 2 Natural disasters 强基固本 一、全部单词 序 号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 county n.郡，县 2 injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 injury n.伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的，受损害的 the injured n.伤者/伤员 3 disaster n.灾难，灾害；彻底失败 disastrous adj.灾难性的 4 reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 react vi.反应，(对……)做出反应；回应；起化学反应 5 crash n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 6 signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 7 exit vt.& vi.出去，离去，退场；退出 n.出口，通道；离开 8 orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 order n.顺序 v.命令 orderliness n.秩序井然，有条不紊，整洁，整齐 9 stair n.楼梯；梯级 10 roll n.名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 11 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信； 批准 confirmed adj.已被确定的，已被证实的，根深蒂固的 confirmation n.确定，确证，确认书，证明书 12 hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 13 procedure n.程序，步骤，手续 14 *tsunami n.海啸 15 odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 oddly adv.古怪地，怪异地，反常地 16 *bubble n.泡沫，泡，气泡 17 occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 occurrence n.出现；发生，事件 18 relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 relieve vt.减轻，缓和 relieved adj.(感到)欣慰的，放心的 19 typhoon n.台风 20 destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的 destruction n.毁灭，破坏 destroy v.摧毁，毁灭，破坏 destroyer n.破坏者，毁灭者；驱逐舰 21 pole n.柱，杆；极 polar adj.极地的，两极的，正好相反的polarize vt. & vi.(使)两极化，(使)截然对立 polarized adj.两极分化的，截然对立的 polarization n.两极化，截然对立 22 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 information n.信息 informed adj.有学问的；见多识广的，消息灵通的 23 hurricane n.飓风 24 conference n.会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 25 shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.感到震惊的 26 scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓 scared adj.恐惧的；惊恐的；害怕的 scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的 27 power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量 powerful adj.强大的 (adv.powerfully) powerless adj.无力的；无权的，无能的 28 supply n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供 29 donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血) donation n.捐赠 donor n.捐赠者，捐款人，献血者 30 charity n.慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 charitable adj.慈善的，慈善事业的 31 staff n.全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于 32 slide n.幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 33 fund n.资金；基金 34 flood n.洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 35 downstairs adv.在楼下，往楼下 n.楼下 36 document n.文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档 documentary n.纪录片adj. 纪实的 37 honey n.(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜 38 otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外 39 curious adj.好奇的；奇特的 curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n.好奇(心) 40 *Roman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n.古罗马人；罗马人 41 erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生 eruption n.爆发，喷发，火山灰 eruptive adj.火山爆发/喷发的 42 unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 43 destination n.目的地，终点 44 bar n.酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止 45 import n.进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进 importer n.进口商、进口国 46 export n.出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出 exporter n.出口商、出口国 47 port n.港口，避风港；港口城市 48 cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 49 *ashy adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的 ash n.灰，灰烬，废墟 50 *dawn n.黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.开始；开始清楚 51 volcano n.火山 52 trunk n.树干 53 unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的 bearable adj.可以忍受的 bear vt.承受，忍受，生(孩子) 54 beyond adv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep.在(或向)更远处； 超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外 55 distance n.遥远，久远，距离，差异；疏远 distant adj.遥远的，遥远的；冷淡的；疏远的 distantly adv. 遥远地；冷淡地；疏远地 56 pattern n.图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 57 column n.柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列 58 rescue n.& vt.救援，营救，抢救 rescuer n.救援人员/救助者 =rescue worker 59 sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的 sharply adv.急剧地；锋利地；鲜明地 sharpen vt.使锋利，(使)变得锋利 (使)提高，改善 60 locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于) location n.定位，位置，地点，场所 61 retire vi.& vt.退休，退职 retirement n.退休，退职 retiree n.退休人员 retired adj.退休的 retiring adj.腼腆的；不爱与人交往的 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 break out 突然开始，爆发 拓展 break away from 突然离开，挣脱(束缚)，脱离 break down 使分解 (为) ，使变化(成)，(机器等)出故障，抛锚；(身体、精神)垮掉；坍塌，崩溃；消除；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂 break in(不跟宾语) break into(跟宾语) break off break out of break through break up break up with 打断；闯入，强行进入 闯入；破门而入 折断；突然停止，暂停 打破 突破；突围；有重大发现 驱散，拆分，打碎；分裂，解体；结束；关系等破裂 与……分手，与……断绝关系 2 hold on to 抓紧，不放开，(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 3 inform oneself of 了解，熟悉 keep ... informed of使……了解，知道 拓展 accuse sb. of sth. convince sb. of sth. cure sb. of sth. inform sb. of sth. remind sb. of sth. rob sb. of sth. suspect sb. of sth. warn sb. of sth. 指控某人某事 使某人相信某事 治好/治愈某人的病 通知某人某事 提醒某人某事 抢劫/剥夺某人的某物 怀疑某人某事 警告某人某事 4 keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静 拓展 use one’s head hold one’s head high shake one’s head head for 动脑筋 昂首；趾高气扬 摇头 朝着……方向走 5 occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中 6 run out of=use up 用完，耗尽 拓展 run out=give out=be used up run across run after run away from run away/off with sb. run away with sth. run for run into run over 被用完，被耗尽 偶然遇见(或看到) 追赶，追逐 回避，躲避，逃离 与某人私奔 轻而易举地赢得 参加竞选 偶然遇见，遇到(困难等) 撞倒并碾轧 7 stay away from 与……保持距离，远离 8 take the form of 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 拓展 in the form of... fill in/out a form 以……的形式 填写表格 9 roll call n. 点名 10 far and wide 到处，各处 11 safe and sound 安然无恙的 12 at large 整个，全部 13 at the same time 同时 14 in all directions 朝着四面八方 15 in case 万一，假使，以备，以防 拓展 in any case in most/some cases in no case in this/that case in case of＋n.情况下 无论如何 在大多数/某些情况下 绝不，决不<放在句首句子要倒装> 假如这样/那样的话 以防/万一/防备，若在…… 16 in detail 详细地 17 in terms of 就……而言 18 in the face of 面临…… 19 in the distance 在远处 20 (much)to one’s relief 令人(非常)宽慰的是 三、经典句型 1.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16 Lines 2-4)尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。(despite+名词<短语>/代词/动名词短语) 2.Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.(P23)爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，妈妈正在把重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。(while句型) 3.Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(P26 Lines 33-35)它的墙好像昨天刚刚粉刷过；富丽堂皇的地板上没有一点颜色变化。(as if/as though句型) 4.Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake.(P16 Lines 5-6)艾丽斯·布朗，弗尔蒙特小学的班主任正在上课，这时地板开始摇晃起来。 以上这句所用的句型，请查看必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature 经典句型1.主句+when(意为“这时”)从句。 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. injury 【词不离句】Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16) 【拓展延伸】 do sb./oneself an injury=do an injury to sb./oneself使某人/自己受到伤害 be/get badly/seriously injured严重受伤，受重伤 protect from injury防止受伤 injure one’s pride/feelings/reputation伤害某人的自尊/感情/损害某人的声誉 2. reaction 【词不离句】Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.(16) 【拓展延伸】 in reaction to...对……的反应 react to对……作出反应；回应…… react with...与……起反应 react against反抗 3. confirm 【词不离句】After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.(P16) 【拓展延伸】 confirm sb. in sth.使某人确信某事 confirm one’s belief/determination坚定某人的信念/决心 confirm one’s opinion/suspicions证明/证实某人的观点/猜疑 confirm that/wh-clause确定，证实…… It has been confirmed that(从句)，已经确定/证实/证明…… 4. occur 【词不离句】It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 occur in存在于，出现在 sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事 It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人突然想到做某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that...某人突然想起…… 5. relief 【词不离句】To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 in relief 如释重负，松了口气 to one’s relief令/让/使某人欣慰的是 (to one’s relief为了强调，可在to前面加much或者relief前加great，意为“令/让/使某人非常欣慰的是”。有相同用法的词还有：surprise, joy, regret等。) with relief欣慰地，如释重负地 sigh with relief/breathe a sigh of relief松/舒了口气 It’s a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的 international relief effort(s)国际救援工作 disaster relief efforts救灾/救援工作 disaster relief efforts用于救灾(赈灾)/用于救济(救援)工作 relieve one’s pain/ pressure(stress)/anxiety/guilt减轻(缓解、消除)某人的痛苦/压力焦虑/内疚 relieve sb.of...减轻某人的……；将某人从……中解脱出来，解除某人的职务 relieve the symptoms of减轻……的症状 relieve poverty缓解贫困 6. inform 【词不离句】Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.(P19) 【拓展延伸】 inform sb. That从句/of what从句...通告/告知某人…… inform sb. of sth.通告/告知某人某事 keep sb. informed of/about sth.随时让某人了解某事，随时通知某人某事 “动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语还有： warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 cure sb. of sth.治好某人某病/改掉某人某毛病 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事 suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物 convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 7. shock 【词不离句】As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.(P 20) 【拓展延伸】 be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊 (be)numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 It be a shock to do sth做某事真是令人震惊 be shocked that...对……感到震惊 8. scare 【词不离句】The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me, but I was quite frightened during the power failure. (P 20) 【拓展延伸】 scare...away/off把……吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事 be scared to death吓得要死 be scared to do sth./of doing sth害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事 scare sb. off(be scared off)吓倒某人(被吓倒) 9. supply 【词不离句】Were you afraid of running out of supplies? (P 20) 【拓展延伸】 supply sth.to sb./supply sb. with sth.提供某物给某人 a good supply of/large supplies of大量 in short supply供应不足，短缺，缺少 supply and demand供求关系 relief supplies救援物资 注意：provide和offer的用法 provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 10. donate 【词不离句】Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.(P20) 【拓展延伸】 donate sth.to...向……捐赠某物 give/make donations/a donation(of sth./money)to...向……捐赠(某物/钱) 11. curious 【词不离句】She was curious to see how much water there was outside.(P23) 【拓展延伸】 be curious about sth.对某事好奇 be curious to do sth.很想/极想做某事，渴望做某事 (be)filled with curiosity怀着好奇心 full/out of curiosity充满/出于好奇 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心 show curiosity about sth.对某事表现出好奇心 give in to curiosity抑制不住好奇心 with curiosity=curiously好奇地 It is curious/strange that…奇怪的是……/……真是奇怪 12. distance 【词不离句】At that moment，they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.(P26) 【拓展延伸】 in the distance在远处 from a distance(of)从远处 at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远，离一段距离 keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from sb对某人冷淡，与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距离 within walking distance在步行距离之内 13. rescue 【词不离句】Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land.(P27) 【拓展延伸】 come/go to one’s rescue/to the rescue of sb.来/去营救某人 rescue ... from...把……从……救出来 二、经典句型 1.despite+名词(短语)/代词/动名词短语 【原句呈现】Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16 Lines 2-4)尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤, 但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 【拓展延伸】 本句中介词despite后面跟了名词短语the current figures of...，除了跟名词短语外，其后还可以跟名词， 代词和动名词短语等。此外，还有despite the fact +that同位语从句、despite what宾语从句。 注意：despite用作介词时，与 in spite of同义，都表示“尽管”、“虽然”、“不顾”之意，但 程度有所不同。一般说来，in spite of的语气较强，使用范围也较广； despite的语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。despite是介词，in spite of是介词短语，两者后面都是接名词/代词/动名词短语。 例句： ①Despite the bad weather and difficulties, the students still finished their military training. 尽管天气不佳，困难重重，同学们还是完成了军训。 ②Despite(facing)the challenges, he successfully completed the task, demonstrating remarkable perseverance and Determination. 尽管面临挑战，他还是成功完成了任务，展现出了出色的毅力和决心。 ③Despite the fact that the three teams adopted different approaches to the problem, they all succeeded in the end.尽管这三个团队采取了不同的方法解决这个问题，他们最终都成功了。 ④Despite what he said/In spite of what he said,I think he’s still in love with you. 不管他说了什么，我认为他仍然爱着你。 ⑤Despite that, parents should know these possible risks and consider other ways to replace lying, such as knowing children’s feelings, giving information so children know what to expect, offering choices and solving problems together.”尽管如此，父母应该知道这些可能的风险，并考虑其他方法来代替说谎， 比如了解孩子的感受，给孩子提供信息，让他们知道会发生什么，提供选择，一起解决问题。 ⑥Despite this, I couldn’t resist the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. 尽管如此，我还是无法抵挡参观Ciudad Perdida的机会。 ⑦I was taken ten meters down and, despite being followed by a guide, I had the greatest feeling of freedom in this completely silent world.我被带到十米深的地方，尽管有一个向导跟着我，但在这个完全寂静的世界里，我有一种最大的自由感。 ⑧Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he hasn’t found one. 尽管申请了几百份工作了，他还是一个都没有找到。 2.while句型 【原句呈现】Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.(P23)爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，妈妈正在把重要的文件和灾 难必需品放入一个包里。 【拓展延伸】 ①while在本句中作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时候”(当主从句的主语一致时，常常用省略句)。 ②while作从属连词还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。 ③while作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。 注意：while跟when不同，while不可以表示“这时”。 例句： ①While(he was)writing the book, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own. 在写这本书的时候，李时珍独自品尝了一些不知名的植物，吃了不少苦。 ②The old map will be of great use while you are travelling.这张旧地图在你旅行时很有用。 ③While I am willing to help, I don’t have much time.尽管我愿意帮忙，可我没有足够的时间。 ④While human beings dominate the world, we should not violate the laws of nature, otherwise we will be punished by it.虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不能违背自然规律，否则我们会受到大自然的惩罚。 ⑤Most of my classmates are fond of Chinese paintings while I prefer to learn about western paintings. 我的大部分同学都喜欢中国绘画，而我更愿意学习西方绘画。 ⑥Although/While/Though we were surrounded/Surrounded as/though we were surrounded by the enemy, we managed to march forward.虽然被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法向前推进。 ④We were having a lesson when a stranger came in.我们正在上课，这时一个陌生人进来了。 3.as if/as though句型 【原句呈现】Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(P26 Lines 33-35)它的墙好像昨天刚刚粉刷过；富丽堂皇的地板上没有一点颜色变化。 【拓展延伸】 ①本句中 as if painted yesterday是由“as if” 引导的省略句=as if they had been painted yesterday。 as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。 ②as if/though意为“似乎，好像”可以引导表语从句和方式状语从句。 ③as if/though从句中用虚拟语气 若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时； 若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时； 若表示与将来相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could/might do。 注意：如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。 例句： ①She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone/waiting for someone.她站在门口好像在等人。 ②We discussed my opinion for a while, and I felt he was eyeing me doubtfully as if to say how stupid it was.我们讨论了一会儿我的意见，我觉得他怀疑地看着我，好像在说这是多么蠢。 ③The injured soldier opened his mouth as if he had something to say/to say something. 那个受伤的士兵张了张嘴，好像有话要说似的。 ④It seems as if/as though nothing can stop him.似乎没有什么可以阻止他。 ⑤She speaks English as if/as though she were a native of New York. 她讲英语好像她是一位地道的纽约人。 ⑥The boy muttered something, as though he hadn’t heard of this thing. 这个男孩嘀咕着什么，好像没有听说过这件事一样。 ⑦It always seemed as if/though they would(might, could)get married.看起来他们好像是要结婚似的。 ⑧The sky looks so dark that it seems as though it is going to rain.天看起来这么黑，好像要下雨了。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.After the accident, 80 per cent of the passengers who/that recovered from the ________(震惊)somehow suffered a slow _________(反应). 【答案】shock, reaction 【句意】事故发生后，从震惊中恢复过来的乘客中，有80%的人反应缓慢。 2.On the eve of the annual fundraiser, the ________(慈善)organization’s president decided to personally call on all the ________(捐赠者)to express their gratitude to all the ________(捐赠者)and ask for continued support. 【答案】charity, donors, donors 【句意】在年度筹款活动的前夕，慈善组织的主席决定亲自拜访所有的捐赠者，以表达他们对所有捐赠者的感激之情，并要求继续支持。 3.The _________(爆发)of this _________(火山) would be _________(毁灭性的). 【答案】eruption, volcano, destructive 【句意】该火山的爆发将可能是毁灭性的。 4.The disaster ________(救济)________(资金)are already in place so that people in the earthquake-stricken area can carry out reconstruction work without delay. 【答案】relief, funds 【句意】灾难救济金现在已经到位，然后震区的人们可以即刻开展重建工作。 5.Please write and tell me what is the ________(程序)for applying for a visa. 【答案】procedure 【句意】请写信告诉我申请签证的程序是什么。 6.He has been accustomed to/used to the ________(热带的)climate in the area since he has stayed there for almost ten years. 【答案】tropical 【句意】他在那里呆了近十年，已经习惯了那里的热带气候。 7.The river flows through three ________(县)and into the sea just south of here. 【答案】counties 【句意】这条河流经三个县，流入这里南边的大海。 8.She ________(示意)to her students to e________ the classroom in an o_______ line covering their heads with their hands. 【答案】signaled, exit, orderly 【句意】她示意学生们用手捂着头，排成一列有序地离开教室。 9.The memories of my childhood ________(大量涌入)back to my mind when I smelt the familiar smell. 【答案】flooded 【句意】当我闻到熟悉的气味时，童年的记忆涌上心头。 10.In the newspaper of our school there is a _________(栏目)called “Foreign Cultures”.   【答案】column 【句意】在我们学校的报纸上有一个专栏叫“外国文化”。 11.1,400 medical personnel from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army are _________(在……工作)the hospital. 【答案】staffing 【句意】来自中国人民解放军的1400名医务人员在这家医院工作。 12.As an ancient _________(港口)city, London has a history dating back to Roman times. 【答案】port 【句意】作为一个古老的港口城市，伦敦的历史可以追溯到罗马时代。 13.This totem(图腾)________(柱)was carved from a single tree ________(树干).  【答案】pole, trunk 【句意】这根图腾柱是由一整根树干雕刻而成的。 14.Since 1748, Pompeii has been systematically________(挖掘). Today it is an international tourist ________(目的地). 【答案】unearthed, destination 【句意】从1748年开始，庞贝古城就被系统地发掘出来。如今，它已成为一个国际旅游目的地。 15.Mom _________(拥抱)me, asking ,“H_________, would you like to join me in decorating the Christmas tree?” 【答案】hugged, Honey 【句意】妈妈拥抱着我问：“亲爱的，你愿意和我一起装饰圣诞树吗?”母亲问。 16.This material is _________(进口)from Italy, but it’s not as good as ours. 【答案】imported 【句意】这种材料是从意大利进口的，但不如我们的好。 17.It is a golden rule in international trade that if you _________(出口)nothing but raw materials, you’re at the mercy of world prices. 【答案】export 【句意】国际贸易的黄金法则是，如果你只出口原材料，你就会受世界价格的支配。 18.There is a sort of ________(灰色的)behavior between lawful behavior and offence behavior.  【答案】ashy 【句意】在合法行为与违法行为之外，还存在着一种灰色行为。 19.The pain was almost more than he could b________. 【答案】bear 【句意】这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。 20.Nowhere else can you find such a quiet and beautiful place as Kaihua National Forest Park, whose beauty is b_________ description. 【答案】beyond 【句意】你在其他任何地方都不可能找到像开化国家森林公园这么宁静、美丽的地方，它的美无法形容。 21.Adolescents need adults to guide them; o________, it is easy for them to get into trouble. 【答案】otherwise 【句意】青少年需要成年人的引导；否则，他们很容易陷入麻烦。 22.Just as I was going d_________, it o________ to me that I had left the door unlocked. 【答案】downstairs, occurred 【句意】就在我下楼时，我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。 23.Nobody noticed when he entered the classroom; he must have s_________ into it from the back door.(slide) 【答案】slid 【句意】没人注意到他什么时候进的教室；他一定是从后门溜进来的。 24.That team of soldiers had just returned from the d_________ area when they were sent to fulfill a new task. 【答案】disaster 【句意】那队士兵刚从灾区回来就又被派去执行新的任务。 25.This p_________ of woods and fields is typical of the English landscape. 【答案】pattern 【句意】这是具有典型英格兰风景特征的森林与田野。 26.That noise is u_________! I’m going to lose my hearing! 【答案】unbearable 【句意】那噪音真让人受不了！我快要聋了！ 27.The computer has c_________ five times in the last few minutes and I will get it repaired tomorrow. 【答案】crashed 【句意】这台电脑在过去几分钟内死机(崩溃)了五次，我明天要把它修好。 28.Many years later, it d_________ on me that my parents’ birthdays were never mentioned. 【答案】dawned 【句意】多年以后，我才开始明白我父母的生日从未被提及。 29.After the bombing, the whole area was b_________ to the public. 【答案】barred 【句意】爆炸发生后，整个地区禁止公众进入。 30.Research suggests that pets have offered emotional support during the pandemic, helping(to)make the long days of isolation more b_________. 【答案】bearable 【句意】塔夫茨大学卡明斯兽医学院的临床副教授Emily MeCobb说，研究表明，在流感大流行期间，宠物提供了情感上的支持，帮助人们忍受长时间的孤独。 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1.Measures should be taken to ease up the social conflicts brought up by ________(polar). 【答案】polarization/polarizing 【句意】应采取措施缓解两极分化带来的社会冲突。 2.Such misunderstandings reflect the ________(polar)debate concerning the nature of automation and the future of jobs. 【答案】polarized 【句意】这些误解反映了对自动化性质和就业未来的两极分化的讨论。 3.China slowly develops a more reliable social security system for ________(retire). 【答案】retirees 【句意】中国正在逐步建立更加可靠的退休人员社会保障制度。 4.The country is now the world’s largest________(export) of goods and the second largest________(import), which has created millions of jobs in export industry and related areas. 【答案】exporter, importer 【句意】中国现在是世界上最大的商品出口国和第二大进口国，这在出口行业和相关领域创造了数百万个就业机会。 5.As the clown performed silly tricks, the children in the audience ________(eruptive)into delighted and amused laughter. 【答案】erupted 【句意】当小丑表演滑稽的把戏时，观众中的孩子们爆发出欢快的笑声。 6.After the ________(disaster)earthquake, the rescue team sent the ________(injure)to the hospital without delay. 【答案】disastrous, injured 【句意】灾难性地震发生后，救援队立即将伤员送往医院。 7.She must have been well disciplined for her ________(order). 【答案】orderliness 【句意】她有条有理，一定受过良好的训练。 8.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in ________ (power)high-rise buildings. 【答案】powerless 【句意】十几岁的孩子们爬上几十层楼梯，为困在断电的高层建筑中的老人送水和食物。 9.The ________(document)stirred up a lot of discussion about environmental issues last year. 【答案】documentary 【句意】这部纪录片在去年激起了许多关于环境问题的讨论。 10.Not only do great writers have great thoughts but also they express their thoughts in words which ________(power) influence our minds and emotions. 【答案】powerfully 【句意】伟大的作家不仅有伟大的思想，而且他们用有力地影响我们的思想和情感的文字来表达他们的思想。 11.Her actions contrasted ________(sharp) with/to her promises. 【答案】sharply 【句意】她的行动与她的诺言有天壤之别。 12.Based on the _________(inform), we can conclude that the company is the world’s largest _________ (destroy)of the river. 【答案】information, destroyer 【句意】根据这些信息，我们可以得出结论，该公司是这条河流最大的破坏者。 13.As many old ________ men say, for many middle-aged people, when it comes to preparing for ________, they are not quite sure about how much money they should save and spend.(retire) 【答案】retired, retirement 【句意】正如许多退休老人所说，对于很多中年人来说，当提到为退休做准备时，他们不知道应该存多少钱和花多少钱。 14.This incident has ________(sharp)public awareness of the economic crisis. 【答案】sharpened 【句意】这一事件提高了公众对经济危机的认识。 15.Many species are in extinction because of our _________(destroy)of their habitats. 【答案】destruction 【句意】许多物种正濒临灭绝，因为我们破坏了它们的栖息地。 16.Every year, he ________(donate)millions of dollars to sponsor________(charity)activities. 【答案】donated, charitable 【句意】每年，他都捐赠数百万美元用于赞助慈善活动。 17.Looking through the newspaper, I’m _________(shock) by photos showing a hurricane has _________ (destroy)a town. 【答案】shocked,, destroyed 【句意】我翻阅着报纸，我震惊的看到飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。 18.I can certainly tell you the ________ of the library. It is ________ in the west of the campus.(locate) 【答案】location, located 【句意】我当然可以告诉你图书馆的位置。它位于校园的西边。 19.She felt, _________(odd), that they had been happier when they had no money. 【答案】oddly 【句意】她感到奇怪的是，他们没钱时生活得更幸福。 20.I’m still that shy, _________(retire)little girl who was afraid to ask for sweets in the shop. 【答案】retiring 【句意】我还是那个害羞、孤僻的，不敢在商店买糖果的小女孩。 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1.After his terrifying adventure, Mac felt relieved when he reached home _____________. 【答案】safe and sound 【句意】经历了可怕的冒险之后，麦克安然无恙地回到家，感到如释重负。 2.He had to ask his parents for help because _________________ money. 【答案】he had run out of /used up 【句意】他不得不向父母求助，因为他的钱用完了。 3.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated _______________ overall qualities. 【答案】in terms of 【句意】人们普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。 4.To be brief, no matter who you are and what you are doing, you should have your dreams and ____________ them because they give you chances to taste success. 【答案】hold on to 【句意】简而言之，无论你是谁，无论你在做什么，你都应该有你的梦想，并坚持下去，因为它们给了你品尝成功的机会。 5.Angry arguments over unimportant things commonly ____________ between teenagers. 【答案】break out 【句意】青少年之间经常为不重要的事情发生愤怒的争吵。 6.______________ all these difficulties, we should not be discouraged but keep our spirits up. 【答案】In the face of 【句意】面对各种困难，我们不应灰心而应保持良好的心态。 7.________________, their son soon overcame the language barrier and learned to adjust/adapt to the new life there. 【答案】To their relief 【句意】令他们欣慰的是，他们的儿子很快克服了语言障碍，学会了适应那里的新生活。 8.They must use research to _____________________ the missing parts of the story. 【答案】inform themselves of 【句意】他们必须通过研究来了解故事中缺失的部分。 9.It immediately _____________ her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 【答案】occurred to 【句意】她立刻意识到这是海啸即将来临的迹象。 10.The more you know about the terrible consequences of taking drugs, the more likely you are to _____________ them. 【答案】stay away from 【句意】你对吸毒的可怕后果知道得越多，就越有可能远离它们。 11.Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spreads ______________. 【答案】far and wide 【句意】好事不出门，坏事传千里。 12.But, as the opinion poll shows, the party’s standing with the people ___________ has never been so low. 【答案】at large 【句意】但是，正如民意调查显示的那样，该党在广大民众中的地位从未如此之低。 13.Hearing the gun, the horses were panicked into running _________________. 【答案】in all directions 【句意】听到枪声，马儿惊慌失措，四散奔逃。 14.When Jim heard the fire alarm he _________________ and looked for the nearest exit. 【答案】kept his head 【句意】当吉姆听到火警警报时，他保持镇定，寻找最近的出口。 15.Dad moved the table against the door, ___________ the floodwater forced the door open. 【答案】in case 【句意】爸爸把桌子靠在门上，以防洪水冲开了门。 16.In this model, the return message might _______________ feedback or a formal reply. 【答案】take the form of 【句意】在此模型中，返回消息可能采用反馈或正式回复的形式。 17.Latest development in relation to the disease will be discussed ___________ in next meeting. 【答案】in detail 【句意】有关这种疾病的最新进展将在下次会议上详细讨论。 18.My failure to answer the ___________ made the teacher very angry.  【答案】roll call 【句意】点名时我没回答，使得老师非常生气。 19.I was concentrating on reading a novel when I heard someone _______________ call my name. 【答案】in the distance 【句意】我正在聚精会神地看小说，突然听到远处有人叫我的名字。 20.As time went by, I was getting older and older and _________________ I wanted to leave home to earn my living. 【答案】at the same time 【句意】随着时间的流逝，我年龄越来越大了，与此同时，我想离开家去谋生。 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. injury 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①________ often occurs in the football games. Measures should be taken to prevent players from ________. 【答案】Injury, being injured 【解析】第一空处需要名词作主语，injury为名词“伤害”，不可数。第二个空表示“防止球员被伤害”应该用being injured。本空也可以填名词injury。句意：足球比赛中经常发生伤害事故。应采取措施防止球员受伤。 ②Without the proper treatment, minor ________ or burns could lead to more suffering and even loss of lives. 【答案】injuries 【解析】该空作句子主语，用名词，结合“burns”可知这里用名词复数，故填injuries。句意：如果没有适当的治疗，轻伤或烧伤可能会导致更多的痛苦，甚至失去生命。 ③Not only he but also his parents ________ severely in the car accident yesterday. 【答案】were injured 【解析】设空处为谓语，可以用be injured，表示主语的状态，根据时间状语yesterday可知，应用一般过去时，not only...but also...连接的并列主语，谓语采取就近原则，所以谓语应用复数形式，故填were injured。句意：不仅他，他的父母在昨天的车祸中严重地受伤。 ④Many of the ________ are still in a serious condition. 【答案】injured 【解析】句意：许多伤者的情况仍然很严重。the +形容词，表示一类人。the injured表示“伤者”。根据句意，故填injured。 ⑤The governor called on the ________ miners in the hospitals after inspecting the accident site. 【答案】injured 【解析】injured受伤的，形容词修饰名词miners。句意：视察了事故现场之后，省长到医院探望了受伤的矿工们。 完成句子 不要触摸那些化学制品——你会伤着自己的。 ⑥小心那些化学制品，否则你会伤着自己的。 Be careful with the chemicals, or _________________________. 【答案】you’ll do yourself an injury/do an injury to yourself ⑦这会严重损害公司的声誉。 This could seriously _____________________. 【答案】injure the company’s reputation ⑧七人被困在星期五发生的大火里，其中四人当场受了重伤。 Seven people were caught in the big fire that broke out on Friday, _____________________ at the scene. 【答案】four of whom(=of whom four=and four of them)were/got badly/seriously injured ⑨运动员必须戴防护垫以免受伤。 Players must wear padding to _________________.  【答案】protect them from injury/being injured 2. reaction 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①People’s ________ to the movie adapted from a famous novel vary greatly. 【答案】reaction 【解析】reaction to，表示“对……的反应”。句意：人们对这部由著名小说改编的电影的反应大相径庭。 ②Advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in turn, are likely to influence consumers’ ________ to products. 【答案】reactions 【解析】名词所有格修饰名词reaction,且要用复数reactions。句意：广告可以影响消费者的情绪，反过来，也可能影响消费者对产品的反应。 完成句子 ③孩子往往故意不听父母的话来表示抗拒。 Children tend to ___________________ by going against their wishes. 【答案】react against their parents ④学生们对铁与水反应缓慢的结论有什么反应？ How ___________________ that iron ______________________ water? 【答案】did the students react to the conclusion, has a slow reaction with/reacts slowly with ⑤一位发言人说这些变化并非是对公司最近的损失的反应。 A spokesman said the changes were not __________________________. 【答案】in reaction to the company’s recent losses ⑥你认为他会对这个坏消息作何反应? How do you think ________________?/What do you think ________________? 【答案】he will react to the bad news/his reaction to the bad news will be 3. confirm 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①There has still been no official ________(confirm)of the report, so we don’t know if it is true. 【答案】confirmation 【解析】形容词official修饰名词confirmation。句意：目前还没有官方确认该报道，所以我们不知道它是否属实。 ②The daily number of newly cured and discharged(出院)patients exceeded that of the newly ________ cases. 【答案】confirmed 【解析】confirmed adj.已被确定的，已被证实的。句意：新治愈和出院的患者总数超过了新确诊的病例。 完成句子 ③他举了许多例子来证实他的观点。 He gave many examples to _______________________. 【答案】confirm him in his view/confirm his opinion ④已经确认巴蜀的新校区明年将投入使用。 _______________________ a new campus of Bashu Secondary School will be put into use next year. 【答案】It has been confirmed that ⑤亨利给机场打电话想确认飞往旧金山的24航班是否会准时离港。 Harry ______________________________ Flight 24 for San Francisco is departing on time. 【答案】telephoned to the airport to confirm whether ⑥他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。 His guilty expression _____________________. 【答案】confirmed my suspicions ⑦这使我更加坚定了不要放弃学习酌涣心。 _______________________ my decision not to give up my studies. 【答案】It has confirmed me in 4. occur 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The restlessness of animals indicated a possible _________(occur)of an earthquake. 【答案】occurrence 【解析】形容词possible修饰名词，故填 occurrence。句意：动物表现出不安的现象表明有发生地震的可能。 ②In the spring of 2023, the sudden climate change _________ in this area, killing a lot of crops. 【答案】occurred 【解析】句中缺谓语，且用一般过去时。句意：2023年春季，这个地区发生了突发性气候变化，造成大量的庄稼死亡。 ③Without these naturally _________ greenhouse gases, the sun’s rays would bounce back into space, leaving the earth cold and impossible to live on. 【答案】occurring 【解析】现在分词occurring作形容词用修饰greenhouse gases。句意：没有这些自然存在的温室气体，太阳光就会反射到宇宙中，使得地球变得很冷而无法居住。 完成句子 ④我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。(一句多译) _____________________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 【答案】It never occurred to me that/It never struck me that/It never hit me that ⑤我突然想到，我可以换一种方式解决这个问题。 ______________________ to work out the problem in another way.=______________________ I can work out the problem in other ways. 【答案】It occurred to me, It occurred to me that ⑥今年春季，这个地区发生了突发性气候变化,对庄稼造成了巨大的影响。 This spring, ______________________________ this area, having a great impact on crops. 【答案】a sudden climate change occurred in ⑦他已经不省人事了，当我看着他的脸时，我突然想起了什么。 He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, ______________________.   【答案】something occurred to me 5. relief 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①With his help, I managed to take some effective measures ________ my great pressure. 【答案】to relieve 【解析】take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事。句意：在他的帮助下，我成功地采取了有效措施缓解了我巨大的压力。 ②One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ________ feelings of homesickness. 【答案】relieving 【解析】句中takes为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。逻辑主语One mouthful of comfort food与relieve之间是主动关系，且表伴随，用现在分词作状语，故填relieving。句意：一口舒适的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，缓解思乡之情。 ③She was ________ to hear the news that all the residents had been saved. 【答案】relieved 【解析】relieved(感到)欣慰的。句意：听到所有居民都被救的消息，她感到很是欣慰。 ④Henry was capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a ________. 【答案】relief 【解析】不定冠词a后用名词relief。句意：Henry仍能够作曲并且他认为创作音乐可以让他放松。 完成句子 ⑤令人惊讶的是，这个小女孩似乎理解了我的意思，也不再哭了。我望着她的大眼睛，松了一口气。 Surprisingly, the little girl seemed to understand me and stopped crying. Looking into her big eyes, I _______ ___________. 【答案】breathed a sigh of relief sighed with/in a relief ⑥你刚才说的话减轻了她的压力。 What you said just now ______________________. 【答案】relieved her of her stress ⑦听说他在事故中幸免于难，并安然无恙地回到家，真让人欣慰。 _________________________ that he survived the accident and came back home safe and sound. 【答案】It was a relief to hear ⑧迄今为止，中国已多次参与国际救援工作。 Up to now, China has participated in ___________________ for many times. 【答案】international relief efforts ⑨成千上万的人可能会因为救灾工作的滞后而死亡。 Thousands of people could die because the relief effort ____________________. 【答案】disaster relief has fallen behind ⑩听说她的儿子被清华大学录取了，她如释重负地笑了。 She ________________ after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University. 【答案】smiled in relief/with relief ⑪令他非常欣慰的是，孩子们都找到了好的工作。 _______________________, his children all found a good job. His children all found a good job, which _______________. 【答案】Much to his relief/To his great relief made him greatly relieved ⑫很多专家同意这一观点，即中药有减轻新冠病毒症状的可能性。 Most experts subscribe to have the potential to the view that _________________________________ the novel coronavirus 【答案】traditional Chinese medicines relieve symptoms of. 6. inform 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①________ of the current affairs in the world, the old man even learned to surf the Internet in his eighties. 【答案】To be informed 【解析】分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词learned，所以inform应该用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，应该用不定式形式，又因为inform的逻辑主语是the old man，两者是被动关系，应该用不定式的被动语态，故填To be informed。句意：为了了解世界时事，这位老人甚至在八十多岁时学会了上网。 ②Become an _________ consumer, and you will increase your value to your organization. 【答案】informed 【解析】informed adj.有学问的；见多识广的，消息灵通的。句意：成为一名见多识广的客户，会增加您在团队中的价值。 ③In library books and computers, you can find ________ on starting a business. 【答案】information 【解析】空处作find的宾语，inform的名词形式information，是不可数名词。句意：在图书馆的书和电脑里，你可以找到关于创业的信息。分析句子可知， 完成句子 ④我写信是想邀请您参加我们的广播节目“Talk and Talk”。让我告诉您更多细节。 I’m writing to invite you to be on our broadcast “Talk and Talk”. Let me _________________________. 【答案】inform you of/about more details ⑤我每天看电视以使自己了解世界上正在发生的事情。 I watch TV every day _____________________ what is going on in the world. 【答案】to keep myself informed of 　 ⑥“我很遗憾地通知你，你考试不及格。”“你应该后悔没有更加努力学习。” —I _____________________ you failed in the exam. —You should regret not studying harder. 【答案】regret to inform you that 附录：用“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语完成句子 ①失去钱包的打击，使我一改过去心不在焉的坏毛病。 The shock of losing my purse ________ my former absent-mindedness. 【答案】cured me of ②她警告她的朋友有危险。 She ___________________ the danger. 【答案】warned her friends of ③这些工厂的老板被指控剥削工人。 The employers of these factories _______________ exploiting their workers. 【答案】were accused of ④他们被打倒在地并被抢走了钱包。 They were knocked to the ground and ________ their wallets. 【答案】(were)robbed of ⑤为了使警察相信他是无辜的，嫌疑犯提供了几个令人信服的事实。 In order to ______________ his innocence, the suspect offered several convincing facts. 【答案】convince the police of ⑥这名涉嫌对一家公司实施网络犯罪的年轻人被警方逮捕并接受了问话。 The young man, ____________________ committing cybercrime against a company, was arrested and interviewed by the police. 【答案】being suspected of ⑦这些成就显示了决心的力量，但也提醒了我们面临的挑战。 These achievements showed the power of determination, but they also _______________ the challenges. 【答案】reminded us of 7. shock 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①All the people present felt _________ at the _________ news.(shock) 【答案】shocked, shocking 【句意】shocked adj.感到震惊的；shocking adj.令人震惊的。句意：听到这令人震惊的消息，在场的人都感到震惊。 ②The news of the disaster occurring there ________ the whole nation. 【答案】shocked 【解析】句子中少谓语，填shocked。句意：那里发生灾害的消息让全国人民感到震惊。 完成句子 ③得知他病得很重，我很震惊。 ___________________________ that he’s badly ill. 【答案】It was a shock for me to learn/I was socked to learn ④这个坏消息让我们大家非常震惊。 The bad news ________________________________. _________________________________ the bad news. 【答案】made us all very shocked/shocked us all very much All of us were shocked at/by ⑤听到他的话，一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感涌上我的心头，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的脚就像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。 At his words, an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride flooding over me, I simply _______________, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn’t move an inch. 【答案】stood there in shock ⑥看到厨房里的混乱，父亲震惊得目瞪口呆。 Seeing the great mess in the kitchen, the father _______________________. 【答案】was numb with shock 8. scare 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I can tell she doesn’t like dogs from the ________ look on her face. 【答案】scared 【解析】修饰名词look，指人的表情，需用形容词scared，作定语，故填scared。句意：从她害怕的表情我可以看出她不喜欢狗。 ②Seeing the ________ wolf, children were very ________, but some adults managed ________ the beast off. 【答案】scary/scaring, scared, to scare 【解析】第一空使用形容词scary/scaring“恐怖的，吓人的”，作定语，修饰wolf。第二空使用形容词scared“恐怖的，吓人的”，作表语，形容孩子们的心理特征。本句谓语为managed，第三空非谓语动词，应用scare的不定式，作managed的宾语。句意：看到这只可怕的狼，孩子们非常害怕，但一些成年人设法把它吓跑了。 ③It _________ me to think I was alone in the building.  【答案】scared 【解析】句子中少谓语动词，根据后面主句的时态，应用一般过去时，故填scared。句意：想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。 完成句子 ④当我们发现地面在摇晃时，我们都吓得要死。 We ________________________ when we found the ground was shaking. 【答案】were all scared to death ⑤那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。 Those who achieve great things are the ones willing _________________________. 【答案】to be scared but not scared off ⑥这些可爱的小动物被巨大的噪音吓跑了。 The cute little animals ____________________________. 【答案】were scared away/off by the loud noise ⑦那些淘气的孩子被吓得说出了真相。 Those naughty children ___________________________. 【答案】were scared into telling the truth ⑧父亲一回到家，我就胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。 The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and _________________________________. 【答案】was scared to look/was scared of looking at his face 9. supply 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①So far, relief _________ have been put in place and will be sent to earthquake-hit areas in Gansu Province. 【答案】supplies 【解析】relief supplies救援物资，复数形式supplies表示“物资”。句意：目前，救灾物资已经准备就绪，即将被运往甘肃省的地震灾区。 ②Foods ________ our daily vitamin needs are sold in the supermarket. 【答案】supplying 【句意】分析可知，句子的谓语为“are sold”，因此，所填动词作非谓语，为之前名词“Foods”的后置定语。动词“supply”与逻辑主语“Foods”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填supplying。句意：超市里有供应我们日常所需维生素的食品出售。 ③While we were hiking in the Gobi, some support cars followed us all the way to help keep us ________ 【答案】supplied 【解析】分析句子可知，supply“供应；补充”，作宾语补足语，与宾语us是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。故填supplied。句意：当我们在戈壁徒步旅行时，一些支援车一路跟着我们，以帮助我们提供补给。 完成句子 ④在夏秋两季，冬眠动物在体内储存了大量的脂肪。 Hibernating animals __________________________ in their bodies during the summer and autumn. 【答案】have stored a good supply of/large supplies of fat ⑤食物供应短缺，所以他们为我们提供各种各样的食物和蔬菜。 ______________________, so they ___________________________________. 【答案】Food are in short supply Supply/provide us with various foods and vegetables=supply various foods and vegetables to us =provide various foods and vegetables for us=offer various foods and vegetables to us =offer us various foods and vegetables ⑥在每个学期开始的时候，学生们都会得到一份他们要读的书单。 At the beginning of every semester, ___________________ a list of books that they are expected to read. 【答案】students are supplied/provided with/are offered ⑦价格的变化通常随供求的变化而变化。 Changes in price normally ___________________________. 【答案】vary with changes of supply and demand ⑧当地政府为贫困儿童提供免费教科书，一些公司为他们提供食物。 The local government ___________________ free textbooks and some companies ______________ them. 【答案】supplied/provided the poor children with, supplied/offered food to 10. donate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The ________ generously ________ food and money to the poor family and his ________ helped them go through the hard time. 【答案】donor, donated, donation 【解析】分析句子可知，第一空位于定冠词the后，在句中作主语，应用名词，结合句意可知，此处应指“捐赠者”，用donor，结合后面的his可知用单数形式；第二空在句中作谓语，应用动词，结合后面的helped可知，此处表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时，故填donated；第三空位于形容词性物主代词his后，在句中作主语，应用名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“他的捐赠”，应用名词donation，当表示捐赠这一行为时，donation为不可数名词。句意：捐赠者慷慨地向那个贫困家庭捐赠了食物和钱，他的捐赠帮助他们度过了难关。 ②The ________ refused to tell his name after ________ a large amount of money. 【答案】donor, donating 【解析】根据句子结构和“tell his name”可知，第一空名词donor“捐赠者”的单数形式作主语；第二空在介词after后，应用动名词donating，动名词短语donating a large amount of money作after的宾语。句意：捐了一大笔钱后，捐赠者拒绝透露自己的姓名。 ③Charities appealed for _________ of food and clothing to the homeless of the earthquake. 【答案】donations 【句意】介词后面用名词，donation是可数名词，这里用复数。句意：慈善机构呼吁为地震中无家可归的人捐赠食物和衣服。 完成句子 ④虽然我失去了我的存钱罐，但把钱捐给需要帮助的人让我非常高兴。 Though I lost my piggy bank, I was overwhelmed with happiness by ___________________. 【答案】donating the money to those in need ⑤许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。 Many people came to help, ______________________________. 【答案】donating food and clothes to charities Making/giving donations/a donation of food and clothes to charities 11. curious 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①We were ________ about the wildlife, so we walked into the thick forest ________. It was this experience that satisfied our ________. 【答案】curious, curiously, curiosity 【解析】第一空作表语，应用形容词curious；第二空修饰动词walk应用副词curiously；第三空作动词的宾语，应用名词curiosity，不可数。句意：我们对野生动物很好奇，所以我们好奇地走进了茂密的森林。正是这次经历满足了我们的好奇心。 完成句子 ②孩子们喜欢以极大的好奇心探索这个世界。 The children like to ______________________________. 【答案】explore the world with great curiosity/explore the world curiously ③这个小男孩对他周围的一切事物都很好奇，他的父母总是满足他的好奇心。 The little boy _____________________________, and his parents always ____________________. 【答案】was curious about everything around him, satisfied his curiosity ④我钦佩父亲，他的工作让我充满敬畏和好奇。 I admired my father, and his work _____________________________. 【答案】filled me with awe and curiosity ⑤孩子们常常充满好奇心，他们对每件事都很感兴趣。 Children ___________________ and they take great interest in everything.  【答案】are often full of curiosity/are often filled with curiosity ⑥出于好奇，小女孩打开了那个小盒子。 _____________________, the little girl opened the little box. The little girl opened the little box because _________________ 【答案】Out of curiosity she was curious ⑦他竟然抑制不住好奇心，未经我的允许就打开了我的手提包。 He should ___________________ and opened my handbag without my permission. 【答案】give in to curiosity ⑧大厅里的人看起来很好奇，好奇地看着我。 The people in the hall _________________, keeping their eyes on me _____________. 【答案】seemed very curious, with curiosity/curiously ⑨她竟没有赢得比赛，真是奇怪。 __________________ she should have failed to win the race.  【答案】It is curious/strange that ⑩如果你想深入了解这种传统的历史，你一定不要错过这个黄金机会！ If you __________________________ the history of the tradition, you mustn’t miss the golden opportunity! 【答案】are curious to gain a deep insight into ⑪坐在窗口旁边的编辑表现出对各个领域的好奇。 The editor sitting next to the window ____________________ various fields. 【答案】shows curiosity about 12. distance 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Nowadays, _________ won’t prevent us from getting in touch even if you live in a _________ land. 【答案】distance, distant 【解析】第一空作主语，应用名词distance，意为“距离”，为不可数名词。第二空修饰名词land，应用形容词distant，意为“遥远的”，作前置定语。句意：如今，即使你住在遥远的地方，距离也不会阻止我们保持联系。 ②Some plants that look nearly identical turn out to be only ________ related. 【答案】distantly 【解析】修饰形容词related用副词，故填distantly。句意：有的植物看起来相似，但结果可能只是远亲。 完成句子 ③让我们非常高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河边。 Much to our delight, ________________________ caught our attention and drove us to the river bank. 【答案】the sound of water in the distance ④从远处看，这座岛屿就像一朵云彩。 _________________________, the island looks like a cloud.  【答案】Seen from the distance ⑤有人告诫她说，如果她不想受到伤害，就离查尔斯远一点。 She was warned ________________________ if she didn’t want to get hurt. 【答案】to keep her distance from Charles/to keep Charles at a distance ⑥海滩离我家只有几步之遥。 The beach is ________________________ of my house.  【答案】within walking distance 13. rescue 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①_________(rescue)were still working their way towards the trapped men  【答案】Rescuers  【解析】作主语用名词，根据后面的were用名词复数，故填rescuers。句意：营救人员仍在艰难地向被困者靠拢。 ②Some of the ________ workers and doctors were trapped in the hurricane. 【答案】rescue 【解析】rescue workers救援人员。句意：一些救援人员和医生被困在了飓风当中。 完成句子 ③消防员奋战两小时,将人们从大楼中救出。 Firefighters worked for two hours ______________________. 【答案】to rescue people from the building ④幸运的是，那位老人把她从可怕的生活中拯救了出来。 Luckily, the old man ___________________________. 【答案】has rescued her from a horrible life ⑤周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来/去营救她。 All the people nearby ________________________ when hearing her cry for help. 【答案】came/go to her rescue ⑥他去抢救溺水儿童，把个人安危置之度外。 He ____________________________ regardless of his personal safety. 【答案】went to the rescue of a drowning child ⑦医务人员都在忙着抢救重大事故中的伤员。 Medical workers _____________________ in the major accident. 【答案】were all busy rescuing the injured 五、句型仿写 1.尽管他很努力，他还是没能通过这次至关重要的考试。 ________________________________, he still failed to pass the crucial exam. 【答案】Despite his great efforts/Despite the fact that he made great efforts 2.尽管没有去过中国，但他对书法感到兴奋，并对中国文化表示钦佩。 He was excited to experience calligraphy and showed admiration for Chinese culture, _____________________. 【答案】despite not having visited China 3.不管过去发生了什么，我想让她知道我在那里支持她。 _________________________, I want her to know I am there for her. 【答案】Despite what happened in the past 4.尽管如此，中国还是从零开始成功研制出了自己的原子弹、航空母舰、卫星和战斗机。 _________________, China managed to develop its own atomic bombs , aircraft carriers, satellites, and fighter jets starting from zero. 【答案】Despite this/that 5.其他人会在压力下崩溃，而少数人即使面对压力也能表现出色。 Others fall apart under pressure, _________ a few do well _________________. 【答案】while, despite the pressure 6.尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得很好。 _____________________, they got along quite well in the summer camp. 【答案】While the students came from different countries 7.他等公共汽车时，狗一直陪伴着他。 The dog kept him company _____________________________. 【答案】while he was waiting for the bus 8.爷爷举起右手，好像要说些什么。 Grandpa raised his right hand ____________________________________. 【答案】as though/if he would say something, as though/if to say something 9.他表现得好像一点都没有听说过这件事一样。 He acted _________________________ this thing. 【答案】as if/though he hadn’t heard of 10.他喜欢夸夸其谈，好像他是个重要人物。 He likes to talk big as though _______________________. 【答案】he were an important person 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$