Unit 4 Body Language Using Language(分层作业）英语人教版2019选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Body Language Using Language分层作业 基础巩固 一、单句语法填空 1．He is waiting for the result of the medical test, as his voice was full of . (anxious) 2．His failing to answer the question is , but to avoid the , the teacher immediately asked him a easier question, making him less . (embarrass) 3．No matter how clearly (clarify), the issues can’t still get through to all of us. 4．Through his whole life, Charles Dickens created a sea of literary works, (reveal) a wide range of social issues in Great Britain in the 19th century. 5．The Old President has a (tend) to forget his words suddenly when giving a speech. 6． other words, employing body language appropriately can help you break down barriers in communication. 7．People with low EQs often have a harder time (adjust) in life and in their careers. 8．I went around to my friend’s house. Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without (distract) by messages from other people. 9．The boy cheated in the exam, which made his parents (shame). 10．Some students act this way (mere) because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. 二、根据汉语提示单词拼写 11．Thank you for allowing me to (澄清) the present position. 12．At what age are children able to (分辨) between right and wrong? 13．Nowadays, there is a growing (倾向) for young people to be less engaged in social activities. 14．The routine tasks (占据) most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. 15．There is a (矛盾，冲突) between two cultures. 三、根据首字母提示单词拼写 16．I’m afraid I can’t tell Lucy from Lily because I only met the t once before. 17．He u returned to China and became a supporter of the Chinese revolutionary. 18．He l his head in shame when asked why he was absent from class yesterday. 19．After paying for our travel costs, we b broke even. 20．In class, we should not allow ourselves to be d . We should focus on the lesson. 四、完成句子 21．Embarrassed and helpless, I froze there with my empty wallet and unusable bankcard, . 尴尬又无助，我拿着空钱包和无法使用的银行卡呆在那里，内心充满了深深的焦虑。 22．昨天晚上是什么阻止你去听音乐会的啊? What to the concert last night? 23．我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值，以及实际的经验。 On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge, practical experience. 24．现在是时候展望新赛季了，我们对此非常自信。 Now it’s time to look forward to the new season, which we are all very . 25．你知道最后一个和他联系的是谁吗？ Do you know who was the last person to him? 五、选词填空 at the trial,  in favour of,  straighten up,  tend to,  end up,  stare out of,  call on,  react to,  work out,  at the same time 26．I don’t think anyone is really these changes. 27．His lawyer set up a very convincing defense . 28．From ingrained habit he paused to the bed. 29．In my job one lose touch with friends. 30．If you don’t know what you want,  you might getting something you don’t want. 31．It took me some time to what was causing this. 32．It’s impossible to get everybody together . 33． airplane windows,  she didn’t hear the plane arrived. 34．Please give him a message that I won’t him tomorrow. 35．You’re attacking me to see how I what you say. 六、七选五 Use Body Language to Build Trust Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school. 36 Keep eye contact when someone is talking. It will help build trust because it shows real interest. 37 Building stronger human ties makes it easier to trust people and know more about them. Uncross your arms and legs. You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold. However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust. Make sure your body looks open. 38 Don’t sit behind a desk. 39 According to Professor Carla Chamberlin-Quinlisk, sitting at a table with her students encourages them to be more vocal during class. So try the smart way to get your boss to trust you. 40 Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact. If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable. And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?” A．Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts. B．Sitting behind a desk could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up. C．So put your phone down and listen with your eyes. D．Nod and smile while someone is talking. E．Limit your own note taking. F．Although some gestures vary across cultures, there’re certain basic body language gestures. G．Unfortunately, most people have no training on how to read body language. 能力提升 一、完形填空 Language studies traditionally have paid much attention to verbal and written language. But recently they have begun to consider language without 1 , for people regard nonverbal 2 as having meaning. Nonverbal acts either accompany verbal messages or are used independently. They may support or even contradict spoken messages. They are more likely to be used 3 because they are habitual and routine behaviors. In some 4 , people express more nonverbally than verbally. If you ask an obviously depressed person, “What’s wrong?”, and he answers, “Nothing. I’m fine,” you probably won’t 5 him. When an angry person says, “Let’s 6 the subject. I don’t want to talk about it anymore!”, actually he hasn’t stopped communicating. His withdrawal and 7 continue to convey emotional meaning. One study showed that 93 percent of the message was communicated by the tone of the 8 and facial expressions, while only 7 percent of the speaker’s attitude was conveyed by words. It is 9 that we express our emotions and attitudes more nonverbally than verbally. Nonverbal communication expresses meaning or feeling 10 words. Universal emotions, such as happiness, fear, and sadness, are expressed in a 11 nonverbal way throughout the world. There are, however, nonverbal differences across cultures that may be a source of 12 for foreigners. For example, feelings of friendship exist everywhere but their expression 13 . It may be acceptable in some countries for men to embrace each other and for women to hold hands; in other countries these acts of 14 may be shocking. What is acceptable in one culture may be completely unacceptable in another. In order to correctly 15 another culture’s style of communication, it is necessary to study the “silent language” of that culture. 1．A．words B．learning C．hearing D．records 2．A．skills B．measures C．tests D．behaviors 3．A．secretly B．particularly C．uncommonly D．unconsciously 4．A．competition B．question C．communication D．description 5．A．guess B．believe C．know D．help 6．A．forget about B．regard to C．debate on D．deal with 7．A．patience B．silence C．attention D．reflection 8．A．life B．respect C．voice D．music 9．A．vital B．desirable C．appropriate D．apparent 10．A．with B．like C．beyond D．in 11．A．different B．practical C．similar D．positive 12．A．suggestion B．confusion C．inspiration D．depression 13．A．varies B．disappears C．delays D．matches 14．A．aggression B．courage C．affection D．modesty 15．A．interpret B．direct C．make D．establish 二、语法填空 In daily life, body language plays an important part in 16 (communicate). By watching body language, we can learn a lot about 17 people are thinking. Just like the words we use, body language also varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is that body language should be 18 (appropriate) used. For example, making eye contact in some countries is a way 19 (display) interest. In other countries, by contrast, not all eye contact 20 (approve) of. There 21 (be) also some differences in how we touch someone we are talking to. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps 22 most common example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult 23 (situation). A smile can break down barriers. We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, or to ask for help. Experts suggest 24 (smile) at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better 25 seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 拓展延伸 1．假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tony下个月要以交换生的身份来到你校交流，发邮件向你询问中国人在日常交际中常见的肢体语言。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1.欢迎他的到来； 2.介绍日常生活中常见的肢体语言； 3.邀请他到时住在你家。 注意：1.词数80左右 ； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in Grade One, most of my classmates didn’t like to play with me because I was always shy and silent. However, I always got high grades in both exams and activities. Gradually, I got the respect of my classmates. And my teachers repeatedly praised me and asked me to assist my classmates in their study. Besides, there were various competitions in my school and I was always chosen as the representative of our class. However, life is not always happy. There are times when we experience ups and downs. When I was in Grade Three, a student named Vannilyn came to our school, and she was placed in the class next to mine. Months passed and the result of the mid-term examination was released. I was still the No. 1 in my class and I heard that Vannilyn was the No. 1 in her class. However, I just ignored her and in my thought, I was still superior because I was a seasoned pupil. There were times when I didn’t want to open my books to read and study for our next day’s lesson. When I did my homework, I became careless and I didn’t even mind whether my handwriting looked beautiful or not. What’s worse, I gradually became addicted to computer games. And because of that, my teachers began to criticise me and what made me angry was that they always mentioned Vannilyn in front of me! I got annoyed every time my teachers compared me with Vannilyn. I was discouraged and no longer followed their instructions. At the end of the first term, the principal’s assistant announced the final examination result, and I still ranked No. 1. Therefore, I became prouder and told myself that I would still be the best student even if I didn’t study hard. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was overconfident and didn’t pay much attention to my study. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, the result of the English Spelling competition was announced. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第4页，共9页 试卷第5页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Body Language Using Language分层作业 基础巩固 一、单句语法填空 1．He is waiting for the result of the medical test, as his voice was full of . (anxious) 2．His failing to answer the question is , but to avoid the , the teacher immediately asked him a easier question, making him less . (embarrass) 3．No matter how clearly (clarify), the issues can’t still get through to all of us. 4．Through his whole life, Charles Dickens created a sea of literary works, (reveal) a wide range of social issues in Great Britain in the 19th century. 5．The Old President has a (tend) to forget his words suddenly when giving a speech. 6． other words, employing body language appropriately can help you break down barriers in communication. 7．People with low EQs often have a harder time (adjust) in life and in their careers. 8．I went around to my friend’s house. Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without (distract) by messages from other people. 9．The boy cheated in the exam, which made his parents (shame). 10．Some students act this way (mere) because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. 二、根据汉语提示单词拼写 11．Thank you for allowing me to (澄清) the present position. 12．At what age are children able to (分辨) between right and wrong? 13．Nowadays, there is a growing (倾向) for young people to be less engaged in social activities. 14．The routine tasks (占据) most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. 15．There is a (矛盾，冲突) between two cultures. 三、根据首字母提示单词拼写 16．I’m afraid I can’t tell Lucy from Lily because I only met the t once before. 17．He u returned to China and became a supporter of the Chinese revolutionary. 18．He l his head in shame when asked why he was absent from class yesterday. 19．After paying for our travel costs, we b broke even. 20．In class, we should not allow ourselves to be d . We should focus on the lesson. 四、完成句子 21．Embarrassed and helpless, I froze there with my empty wallet and unusable bankcard, . 尴尬又无助，我拿着空钱包和无法使用的银行卡呆在那里，内心充满了深深的焦虑。 22．昨天晚上是什么阻止你去听音乐会的啊? What to the concert last night? 23．我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值，以及实际的经验。 On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge, practical experience. 24．现在是时候展望新赛季了，我们对此非常自信。 Now it’s time to look forward to the new season, which we are all very . 25．你知道最后一个和他联系的是谁吗？ Do you know who was the last person to him? 五、选词填空 at the trial,  in favour of,  straighten up,  tend to,  end up,  stare out of,  call on,  react to,  work out,  at the same time 26．I don’t think anyone is really these changes. 27．His lawyer set up a very convincing defense . 28．From ingrained habit he paused to the bed. 29．In my job one lose touch with friends. 30．If you don’t know what you want,  you might getting something you don’t want. 31．It took me some time to what was causing this. 32．It’s impossible to get everybody together . 33． airplane windows,  she didn’t hear the plane arrived. 34．Please give him a message that I won’t him tomorrow. 35．You’re attacking me to see how I what you say. 六、七选五 Use Body Language to Build Trust Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school. 36 Keep eye contact when someone is talking. It will help build trust because it shows real interest. 37 Building stronger human ties makes it easier to trust people and know more about them. Uncross your arms and legs. You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold. However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust. Make sure your body looks open. 38 Don’t sit behind a desk. 39 According to Professor Carla Chamberlin-Quinlisk, sitting at a table with her students encourages them to be more vocal during class. So try the smart way to get your boss to trust you. 40 Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact. If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable. And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?” A．Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts. B．Sitting behind a desk could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up. C．So put your phone down and listen with your eyes. D．Nod and smile while someone is talking. E．Limit your own note taking. F．Although some gestures vary across cultures, there’re certain basic body language gestures. G．Unfortunately, most people have no training on how to read body language. 1． anxiously anxiety 【详解】考查副词和名词。句意：他焦急地等待着体检结果，因为他的声音里充满了焦虑。提示词在第1空处修饰动词waiting，用副词anxiously作状语，意为“焦急地；忧虑地”；在第2空处作宾语，用名词anxiety，意为“焦虑，忧虑”。故填anxiously；anxiety。 2． embarrassing embarrassment embarrassed 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：他答不上来这个问题很尴尬，但为了避免尴尬，老师马上问了他一个更容易的问题，使他不那么尴尬了。第一空应填形容词作表语，主语His failing to answer the question指物，应用形容词embarrassing；第二空应用名词作宾语，embarrassment为不可数名词；第三空应填形容词作宾补，宾语him指人，应用形容词embarrassed。故填①embarrassing②embarrassment③embarrassed。 3．clarified 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：无论问题被解释得多么清楚，仍然不能使我们所有人都理解。no matter how引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……，不管怎样……”。状语从句的完整结构为“No matter how clearly the issues are clarified, ……”，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。故填clarified。 4．revealing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：查尔斯·狄更斯一生创作了大量的文学作品，揭示了19世纪英国广泛的社会问题。本句谓语为created，此处为非谓语动词，且a sea of literary works与reveal“揭示”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填revealing。 5．tendency 【详解】考查名词。句意：老总统在演讲时有突然忘词的倾向。空处应填名词作宾语，tend的名词形式是tendency，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填tendency。 6．In 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：换言之，恰当地运用肢体语言可以帮助你打破沟通中的障碍。分析句子可知，这里考查in other words表“换句话说”，为固定搭配，在本句中作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填In。 7．adjusting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：情商低的人在生活和事业中往往很难适应。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语have a hard time (in) doing“做某事有困难”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填adjusting。 8．being distracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我去了朋友家。在没有手机的情况下，我们进行了两个多小时的正常交谈，没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。介词without后跟动名词作宾语，动词distract意为“使分心，使转移注意力”，与其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式being distracted。故填being distracted。 9．ashamed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那男孩考试作弊，这使他的父母感到羞愧。分析句子可知，空处作宾语补足语，用形容词形式，shame是名词也是动词，其形容词形式ashamed“感动羞愧的”符合句意，故填ashamed。 10．merely 【详解】考查副词。句意：有些学生这样做仅仅是因为他们害怕被老师点名。空格处用副词修饰空后整个句子，mere的副词是merely，意为“仅仅，只”。故填merely。 11．clarify 【详解】考查动词。句意：感谢您允许我澄清目前的情况。根据汉语提示可知，应用动词clarify，且上文为短语allow sb. to do sth.。故填clarify。 12．distinguish 【详解】考查动词。句意：孩子几岁能分辨是非？be able to do sth，“分辨”为动词distinguish。故填distinguish。 13．tendency 【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，年轻人较少参与社会活动的趋势越来越明显。倾向为tendency，作主语，根据a 可知，填单数形式。故填tendency。 14．occupying 【详解】考查动词。句意：占据了一天中大部分时间的日常事务要求很高，但它们也非常有意义。根据汉语提示可知，occupy“占据”，动词，和名词tasks之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填occupying。 15．conflict 【详解】考查名词。句意：两种文化之间存在冲突。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词conflict，用于不定冠词a之后，应用名词的单数形式，在there be句型中作主语。故填conflict。 16．twins/wins 【详解】考查名词。句意：我恐怕无法分辨露西和莉莉，因为我之前只见过这对双胞胎一次。根据单词首字母和句意“I can’t tell Lucy from Lily”以及上文冠词the，可知应用名词twins作宾语。故填twins。 17．ultimately/ltimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：他最终回到了中国，成为了中国革命的支持者。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填副词ultimately作状语修饰动词。故填ultimately。 18．lowered/owered 【详解】考查动词。句意：当被问到昨天为什么没来上课时，他羞愧地低下了头。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的was可知句子应该使用一般过去时。根据句意和首字母提示，表示“低下头”用lower one’s head。故填lowered。 19．barely/arely 【详解】考查副词。句意：在支付了旅行费用后，我们几乎不能收支平衡。表示“几乎不”为副词barely，在句中作状语。故填barely。 20．distracted/istracted 【详解】考查动词。句意：在教室里，我们不能让自己分心。我们应该专注于学习。根据首字母和句意可知，空处可填动词distract（分心），与oneself构成被动关系，用动词不定式的被动式，构成短语allow sb. to be done形式，意为“允许某人被……”。故填distracted。 21．a deep sense of anxiety filling my heart 【详解】考查独立主格结构。此处为独立主格结构：名词+现在分词，表示“深深的焦虑”为a deep sense of anxiety；表示“内心充满”与anxiety为主动关系，应用filling my heart。故填a deep sense of anxiety filling my heart。 22．kept you from going 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“阻止你去”，“阻止某人做某事”是固定短语keep sb. from doing，“去”是go，由last night可知，句子时态是一般过去时，keep用过去式，因此空格处是kept you from going。故填kept you from going。 23．as well as 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“以及”，是固定短语as well as。故填as well as。 24．confident about/of 【详解】考查固定短语。空白处作表语，应使用形容词短语。“对……自信”可用“be confident about/of”。故填confident about/of 。 25．have contact with 【详解】考查固定短语。have contact with sb.与某人联系，此处为不定式作后置定语修饰the last person，have用原形，故填have contact with。 26．in favour of 27．at the trial 28．straighten up 29．tends to 30．end up 31．work out 32．at the same time 33．Staring out of 34．call on 35．react to 【解析】26．考查介词短语。句意：我认为没有人真的赞成这些改变。分析句子成分可知，空处为表语；根据句意，从句主语为“anyone”，对空后宾语“these changes”应该抱有“赞同或反对”的态度。介词短语：in favour of，意为“赞成”，可担当表语，符合句意。故填in favour of。 27．考查介词短语。句意：他的律师在审判中提出了很有说服力的辩护。分析句子成分可知，空处为状语。根据空前的“His lawyer set up a very convincing defense”可推测，空处和“审判”相关。短语“at the trial”，可担当状语，意为“在审判中”，符合句意。故填at the trial。 28．考查动词短语。句意：出于根深蒂固的习惯，他停下来整理床铺。分析句子成分可知，空处放在动词不定式to后为动词短语，用原形即可；根据空后的“the bed”可推断，动词短语和“收拾、打扫”等意思相关。动词短语“straighten up”，意为“整理”，符合句意。故填straighten up。 29．考查动词短语。句意：在我的工作中，人们往往会与朋友失去联系。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；主语为“one”是单数，陈述事实时态为一般现在时；空后“lose touch with friends”为主语可能会发生或做的事情。短语“tend to”，意为“往往会做、倾向于”，符合句意。故填tends to。 30．考查动词短语。句意：如果你不知道你想要什么，你可能最终得到你不想要的东西。分析句子成分可知，空处为动词短语，同时其后应为动名词形式。短语“end up”，意为“最终做某事”，构成搭配：end up doing sth，意为“最终……”，符合句意。故填end up。 31．考查动词短语。句意：我花了一些时间才弄明白是什么导致了这一切。分析句子成分可知，空处为动词短语，构成句型it takes sb some time to do sth，意为“做某事花费某人……时间”；根据空后“what was causing this”可推断，空处指的是弄清楚下文“是什么导致这一切”。动词短语“work out”，意为“弄清楚”，符合句意。故填work out。 32．考查介词短语。句意：让所有人同时聚在一起是不可能的。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句状语。介词短语“at the same time”，意为“同时”，符合句意，同时可担当本句状语。故填at the same time。 33．考查动词短语。句意：她凝视着窗外，没有听到飞机到达的声音。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句状语。主句“she didn’t hear the plane arrived”指的是没有听到飞机到达了，由此可知，主语是因为看着窗外才没有听到飞机到了。动词短语“stare out of”，符合句意，担当状语，和主句主语“she”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填Staring out of。 34．考查动词短语。句意：请给他捎个口信，我明天不去拜访他。分析句子成分可知，空处在won’t后填入动词原形充当从句谓语，根据空后“him”可知，空处应该表示“拜访或找”他等相似意思。动词短语“call on”，意为“拜访”，符合句意。故填call on。 35．考查动词短语。句意：你攻击我是想看看我对你的话的反应。分析句子成分可知，空处为从句谓语，根据下文say可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为I，和宾语“what you say”之间应表示主语对“what you say”所做出的反应。动词短语“react to”，意为“反应”，符合句意。故填react to。 36．F 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了用肢体语言建立信任的一些方法。 36．上文“Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school.(肢体语言可以帮助人们认为你更值得信赖，从而在家庭、工作和学校建立更牢固的关系)”说明肢体语言很有益处，F项中basic body language gestures 是关键词，F项“尽管有些手势因文化而异，但也有一些基本的肢体语言手势。”承接上文，进一步说明尽管手势会因文化有差异，但仍有基本的肢体语言。故选F。 37．上文“Keep eye contact when someone is talking. It will help build trust because it shows real interest.(当有人说话时，保持眼神交流。这将有助于建立信任，因为它显示了真正的兴趣)”说明眼神交流很重要，要与说话人保持眼神交流，C项中eyes是关键词，C项“所以放下手机，用眼睛倾听”与上文构成因果关系，符合题意。故选C。 38．上文“Make sure your body looks open.(确保你的身体看起来是敞开的)”说明要保持良好的身体状态，确保身体看起来是敞开的，A项中open是关键词，A项“因此，你会更愿意倾听别人的想法” 承接上文，符合题意。故选A。 39．上文“Don’t sit behind a desk.(不要坐在桌子后面)”说明本段介绍的方法是不坐在桌子后面，B项“坐在桌子后面可能会让你说话的人竖起自己的墙。”说明坐在桌子后面的消极影响，解释上文提出方法的原因，符合题意。故选B。 40．下文“Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact.(有时候，当你和同事交谈时，笔记是必要的，但要确保所有这些都不会妨碍你的眼神交流)”说明笔记有时是必要的，但是需要确保做笔记不会妨碍眼神交流，所以要限制自己做笔记，E项“限制自己做笔记”引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选E。 能力提升 一、完形填空 Language studies traditionally have paid much attention to verbal and written language. But recently they have begun to consider language without 1 , for people regard nonverbal 2 as having meaning. Nonverbal acts either accompany verbal messages or are used independently. They may support or even contradict spoken messages. They are more likely to be used 3 because they are habitual and routine behaviors. In some 4 , people express more nonverbally than verbally. If you ask an obviously depressed person, “What’s wrong?”, and he answers, “Nothing. I’m fine,” you probably won’t 5 him. When an angry person says, “Let’s 6 the subject. I don’t want to talk about it anymore!”, actually he hasn’t stopped communicating. His withdrawal and 7 continue to convey emotional meaning. One study showed that 93 percent of the message was communicated by the tone of the 8 and facial expressions, while only 7 percent of the speaker’s attitude was conveyed by words. It is 9 that we express our emotions and attitudes more nonverbally than verbally. Nonverbal communication expresses meaning or feeling 10 words. Universal emotions, such as happiness, fear, and sadness, are expressed in a 11 nonverbal way throughout the world. There are, however, nonverbal differences across cultures that may be a source of 12 for foreigners. For example, feelings of friendship exist everywhere but their expression 13 . It may be acceptable in some countries for men to embrace each other and for women to hold hands; in other countries these acts of 14 may be shocking. What is acceptable in one culture may be completely unacceptable in another. In order to correctly 15 another culture’s style of communication, it is necessary to study the “silent language” of that culture. 1．A．words B．learning C．hearing D．records 2．A．skills B．measures C．tests D．behaviors 3．A．secretly B．particularly C．uncommonly D．unconsciously 4．A．competition B．question C．communication D．description 5．A．guess B．believe C．know D．help 6．A．forget about B．regard to C．debate on D．deal with 7．A．patience B．silence C．attention D．reflection 8．A．life B．respect C．voice D．music 9．A．vital B．desirable C．appropriate D．apparent 10．A．with B．like C．beyond D．in 11．A．different B．practical C．similar D．positive 12．A．suggestion B．confusion C．inspiration D．depression 13．A．varies B．disappears C．delays D．matches 14．A．aggression B．courage C．affection D．modesty 15．A．interpret B．direct C．make D．establish 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非言语表达相对于言语表达的广泛运用性及其由于文化差异所造成的表达差异。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言研究历来重视口头语言和书面语言。但是最近他们开始考虑没有字的语言，因为人们认为非言语行为是有意义的。A. words话、字；B. learning学习；C. hearing听觉；D. records记录。根据下文“Nonverbal acts either accompany verbal messages are used”可知，在讲述非言语行为，这正是口头和书面之外的一种语言表达，即没有话语的语言。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言研究历来重视口头语言和书面语言。但是最近他们开始考虑没有字的语言，因为人们认为非言语行为是有意义的。A. skills技巧；B. measures措施；C. tests测验；D. behaviors行为。呼应后文“Nonverbal acts either accompany verbal messages or are used independently. ”此处指非语言行为，故空处表达的是与acts同义的词，即D项behaviors(行为)。故选D。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们更有可能被无意识地使用，因为它们是习惯性的和惯例的行为。A. secretly秘密地；B. particularly特别地；C. uncommonly不经常地；D. unconsciously无意识地。根据“because they are habitual and routine behaviors.”可知，它们是习惯性的和惯例的行为，即对外界某种刺激所作出的下意识的习惯性的行为，即被无意识地使用。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些交流中，人们的表达通过非言语多于言语。A. competition竞赛；B. question问题；C. communication交流；D. description描述。根据下句“If you ask an obviously depressed person, “What’s wrong?”, and he answers, “Nothing. I’m fine, ” you probably won’t ___5___ him.”可知，这是在讲述人与人之间的交流，所以在一些交流中，人们用非言语多于言语来表达自己，引出下文对于具体交流的列举。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你问一个明显情绪低落的人，“怎么了? ”，他回答说，“没什么。我很好，”你可能不会相信他。A. guess猜测；B. believe相信；C. know知道；D. help帮助。根据“If you ask an obviously depressed person, “What’s wrong?”, and he answers, “Nothing. I’m fine,””可知，问一个看上去明显情绪很低落的人怎么了，他如果回答没什么他很好，那你可能不会相信。故选B。 6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当一个生气的人说，“让我们忘记这个话题吧，我不想再谈论它了!”事实上他没有停止交流。A. forget about忘记（一件事情）；B. regard to考虑；C. debate on争论……问题；D. deal with处理。根据“I don’t want to talk about it anymore!”可知，一个很生气的人说他不想再谈论这件事了，是想双方忘记这个话题，不要再继续说下去了。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的退出和沉默继续传达着情感意味。A. patience耐心；B. silence沉默；C. attention注意；D. reflection反映。根据前文“Let’s 　　　6　　　 the subject. I don’t want to talk about it anymore!”可知，这个人不想再谈论这个话题了，由此推知他会保持沉默。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项研究表明，93%的信息是通过语气和面部表情来交流的，而只有7%的说话者的态度是通过言语传达的。A. life生命；B. respect尊重；C. voice声音；D. music音乐。the tone of the voice是固定短语，表示“声音的语气；语调”。根据“while only 7 percent of the speaker’s attitude was conveyed by words.”可知，是传达说话者的态度，通常语气和面部表情是最能传达一个人态度的。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显我们表达自己的情绪和态度更多的是以非言语手段而不是言语手段。A. vital必不可少的；B. desirable可取的；C. appropriate合适的；D. apparent明显的。根据上文“One study showed that 93 percent of the message was communicated by the tone of the 　　　8　　　 and facial expressions, while only 7 percent of the speaker’s attitude was conveyed by words.”可知，只有7%的说话者的态度是通过言语来表达的，93%是通过非言语来表达的，这个比例很明显。故选D。 10．考查介词词义辨析。句意：非语言交流表达的意思或感觉超越语言。A. with和；B. like像；C. beyond超越；D. in在里面。根据下句“Universal emotions, such as happiness, fear, and sadness, are expressed in a ___11___ nonverbal way throughout the world.”可知，像幸福、恐惧和悲伤这类普遍的情绪在世界都是可以用非言语方式表达出来，因此非言语交流所表达的意义和感觉有时候是超越言语的。故选C。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：普遍的情绪，如幸福、恐惧和悲伤，在世界各地都以类似的非语言方式表达。A. different不同的；B. practical实际的；C. similar相似的；D. positive积极的。根据下句“There are, however, nonverbal differences across cultures that may be a source of confusion for foreigners.”可知，提到跨文化的非言语表达的差异，根据however可知，出现了转折，推知上句讲述的是相似的非言语表达。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，不同文化之间的非语言差异可能会让外国人感到困惑。A. suggestion建议；B. confusion困惑；C. inspiration鼓舞；D. depression沮丧。根据后文提到“在一些国家，男人相互拥抱，女人牵手可能是可以接受的；在其他国家，这些表达喜爱的行为可能令人震惊”说明不同文化之间存在非语言差异，会让外国人感到困惑。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，友谊的感觉无处不在，但他们的表达方式各不相同。A. varies变化；B. disappears消失；C. delays推迟；D. matches匹配。根据后文提到“在一些国家，男人相互拥抱，女人牵手可能是可以接受的；在其他国家，这些表达喜爱的行为可能令人震惊”说明友谊在不同的国家表达方式各不相同。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，男人相互拥抱，女人牵手可能是可以接受的；在其他国家，这些表达喜爱的行为可能令人震惊。A. aggression侵略；B. courage勇气；C. affection喜爱；D. modesty谦虚。根据上文“men to embrace each other and for women to hold hands”可知，男人相互拥抱，女人牵手是表达喜爱的行为，故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了正确解读另一种文化的交际方式，有必要对该文化的“无声语言”进行研究。A. interpret解释；B. direct指导；C. make制作；D. establish建立。根据后文“another culture’s style of communication, it is necessary to study the “silent language” of that culture”可知，对该文化的“无声语言”进行研究是为了正确解读另一种文化的交际方式，interpret符合语境。故选A。 二、语法填空 In daily life, body language plays an important part in 16 (communicate). By watching body language, we can learn a lot about 17 people are thinking. Just like the words we use, body language also varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is that body language should be 18 (appropriate) used. For example, making eye contact in some countries is a way 19 (display) interest. In other countries, by contrast, not all eye contact 20 (approve) of. There 21 (be) also some differences in how we touch someone we are talking to. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps 22 most common example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult 23 (situation). A smile can break down barriers. We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, or to ask for help. Experts suggest 24 (smile) at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better 25 seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 【答案】 16．communication 17．what 18．appropriately 19．to display 20．is approved 21．are 22．the 23．situations 24．smiling 25．than 【导语】这是一篇说明文。说明了肢体语言的重要性以及其应该被恰当地使用。 16．考查名词。句意：在日常生活中，肢体语言在交际中起着重要作用。根据空处位于介词in之后，故用名词作宾语，communication“交流,交际”，作此意时为不可数名词，故填communication。 17．考查名词性从句。句意：通过观察肢体语言，我们可以多多了解很多人在想什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 18．考查副词。句意：关键是肢体语言应该被恰当地使用。空处修饰谓语动词be used部分，应使用副词作状语，故填appropriately。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在一些国家，眼神交流是显示兴趣的一种方式。根据在way后接不定式作后置定语，a way to do表示“做某事的方式”，故填to display。 20．考查被动语态。句意：相比之下，在其他国家，并不是所有的眼神交流都被认可。此处单数主语eye contact与approve是被动关系，因此用被动语态，表示客观事实用一般现在时，故填is approved。 21．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们在接触交谈对象的方式上也存在一些差异。该句的主语是some differences，整篇文章使用了一般现在时，应使用are，故填are。 22．考查冠词。句意：也许最常见的例子就是微笑。空后的most common 是形容词最高级，故空处应用使用定冠词the，故填the。 23．考查可数名词复数。句意：微笑可以帮助我们度过难关。名词situation在此处意为“情况”，是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，根据可数名词的性质，此处应使用其复数形式，故填situations。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家建议，对着镜子微笑可以让自己感到更快乐。根据动词suggest后接动词-ing形式作宾语，表示“建议做某事”，故填smiling。 25．考查固定句型。句意：如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。There is nothing better than...意为“没有比……更好的了”，此处表示比较，应使用介词than，故填than。 拓展延伸 1．假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tony下个月要以交换生的身份来到你校交流，发邮件向你询问中国人在日常交际中常见的肢体语言。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1.欢迎他的到来； 2.介绍日常生活中常见的肢体语言； 3.邀请他到时住在你家。 注意：1.词数80左右 ； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tony, I am more than thrilled to have received your letter where you mention that you will come to my school as an exchange student next month and I would like to extend my warmest welcome to you. As is known to us all, body language varies from country to country. When exchanging greetings, people in China will shake hands with each other to convey our kindness, while nodding and giving a big thumb are what we usually use when showing our agreement. However, some Chinese may think it is impolite to show their disagreement directly and thus they may frown or keep silent to imply their disapproval. All in all, in China, people express our emotions in a reserved way and try to avoid too much body contact. By the way, I would also like to invite you to live in my home so that you can know more about our traditional customs. Look forward to your arrival. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tony下个月要以交换生的身份来到你校交流，发邮件向你询问中国人在日常交际中常见的肢体语言。请你回复邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 想要：would like to→want to 表达：extend→convey 激动的：thrilled→excited 总之：all in all→in short 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：All in all, in China, people express our emotions in a reserved way and try to avoid too much body contact. 拓展句：All in all, in China, not only do people express our emotions in a reserved way, but also they try to avoid too much body contact. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am more than thrilled to have received your letter where you mention that you will come to my school as an exchange student next month and I would like to extend my warmest welcome to you. (运用了where引导的定语从句以及链接代词that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] When exchanging greetings, people in China will shake hands with each other to convey our kindness, while nodding and giving a big thumb are what we usually use when showing our agreement. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略) 2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in Grade One, most of my classmates didn’t like to play with me because I was always shy and silent. However, I always got high grades in both exams and activities. Gradually, I got the respect of my classmates. And my teachers repeatedly praised me and asked me to assist my classmates in their study. Besides, there were various competitions in my school and I was always chosen as the representative of our class. However, life is not always happy. There are times when we experience ups and downs. When I was in Grade Three, a student named Vannilyn came to our school, and she was placed in the class next to mine. Months passed and the result of the mid-term examination was released. I was still the No. 1 in my class and I heard that Vannilyn was the No. 1 in her class. However, I just ignored her and in my thought, I was still superior because I was a seasoned pupil. There were times when I didn’t want to open my books to read and study for our next day’s lesson. When I did my homework, I became careless and I didn’t even mind whether my handwriting looked beautiful or not. What’s worse, I gradually became addicted to computer games. And because of that, my teachers began to criticise me and what made me angry was that they always mentioned Vannilyn in front of me! I got annoyed every time my teachers compared me with Vannilyn. I was discouraged and no longer followed their instructions. At the end of the first term, the principal’s assistant announced the final examination result, and I still ranked No. 1. Therefore, I became prouder and told myself that I would still be the best student even if I didn’t study hard. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was overconfident and didn’t pay much attention to my study. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, the result of the English Spelling competition was announced. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Paragraph 1: I was overconfident and didn’t pay much attention to my study. Believing that I would always be the best in studies, whether I studied hard or not, I continued to play computer games and did what I thought was fun and interesting. At the beginning of the second term, our school organised an English Spelling Competition, in which there were six participants, including Vannilyn and me. When looking at Vannilyn in the competition room, I suddenly felt not so confident of myself. Three minutes later, the competition started. Paragraph 2: Three days later, the result of the English Spelling competition was announced. I was shocked to know that I only took the third place, with Vannilyn being the first. I sat on my chair, tears rolling down my face. After calming down, I began to reflect on what I had been doing those days. How I regretted the days that had been wasted playing games but should have been spent on my studies. I know better the saying “Pride goes before a fall” through my own experience. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了我学习很好，在班级很受人欢迎。但三年级时，隔壁班新来的同学Vannilyn的学习成绩和我不相上下，这让我很苦恼。于是，学习状态受到影响，我开始沉迷电脑游戏，因而受到老师批评，老师还总将我和Vannilyn进行比较。但是我期末考试成绩还是第一名，因此我骄傲地认为自己不努力学习也可以取得好成绩。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我过于自信，不太注重学习”可知，第一段可描写作者过于自信以及不注重学习的表现。 ②由第二段首句内容“三天后，英语拼写比赛的成绩宣布了”可知，第二段可描写作者知道拼写比赛成绩不好之后的表现，以及感悟。 2.续写线索：过于自信——放松学习——参加比赛——公布结果——成绩不好——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类： 学习好：be the best in studies/get best grades in class 组织比赛：organize a competition/hold a competition 流眼泪：tears running down my face/my eyes watering 情绪类： 震惊：be shocked/be surprised/be amazed 冷静：calm down/pull oneself together 【点睛】【高分句型1】Believing that I would always be the best in studies, whether I studied hard or not, I continued to play computer games and did what I thought was fun and interesting.（运用了非谓语动词做状语，whether引导的让步状语从句，以及that和what引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I was shocked to know that I only took the third place, with Vannilyn being the first.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和with的复合结构） 试卷第4页，共9页 试卷第5页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$