精品解析：江苏省扬州市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

扬州市第一中学2023-2024学年度第二学期 高一英语期中考试试卷 （满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 2024.4 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers invite Dave to do? A. Go fishing. B. Go diving. C. Go swimming. 2. Where are the reporters? A. In the reception room. B. In the meeting room. C. In the tea break room. 3. What is the man probably? A. A reporter. B. A driver. C. A policeman. 4. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Buy a new TV. B. Have the old TV fixed. C. Record the XV program. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A travel plan. B. A job opportunity. C. Their young children. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有一个小腿，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Classmates. 7. When is the Chinese homework due? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the weather like today? A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a park. B. Inαgym C. In a school. 10. Why does the man come to England? A. For holiday. B. For English study C. For a business trip. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How do the speakers find the math homework? A. Very easy. B. Just 10-50. C. Quite hard. 12. What does the woman say about the study group? A. Everyone is serious and helpful. B. It was started by a physics teacher. C. All of the members are her classmates. 13. When will the speakers get to the library? A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 6:30 pm. C. At 7:00 pm. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How much is the first computer? A. $600. B. S700. C. $900. 15 What does the woman care most about the computer? A. The wright. B. The price. C. The color. 16. What color computer will the woman buy? A. Black. B. Red. C. Blue. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题， 17 Why did the speaker live with the old lady? A. To learn Polish. B. To take care of her. C. To get the feeling of family. 18 What did the old lady do for the spenker? A. She washed her clothes. B. She did cooking for her. C. She cleaned her bathroom. 19. Who is Kathy? A. The speaker's roommate. B. The spanker's friend. C. The speaker's teacher. 20. What did the spenker think of the translating work? A. Useless. B. Easy. C. Challenging. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Art Study Abroad Programs in 2024 Whether you love art history, dance, photography, writing, or beyond, here are the top art programs to attend in 2024. The 6-week Gap Year Course in Italy | Art History Abroad Program length: 6 weeks in summer Price: $10,000 If you’re interested in studying artists, criticism, and painting techniques during periods like the Renaissance and styles like baroque, Romanesque, and modern art, then this program is for you. It prides itself on not simply teaching art but also culture and an appreciation of beauty. Creative Internships (实习) in Australia with ABI | ArtBound Initiative Program length: 1 month Price: $3,250 If you’ve ever had an interest in pursuing a career in the creative industry, consider an internship opportunity with ArtBound Initiative. Interns can work in exciting overseas locations while getting one-on-one career coaching from professionals. The Irish Arts and Culture Program | Irish Gap Year Program length: 1 semester Price: $17,000 Explore your own areas of interest as you work side by side with local Irish artists, photographers, writers, and musicians, learning about Ireland’s rich cultural and artistic heritage. Your hands-on experience goes hand in hand with day trips to galleries, museums, and castles, and at the end, you’ll have the opportunity to exhibit your works at the Le Cheile Art Expo. Creative Semester in France | Berridge Programs Program length: 1 semester Price: $16,500 Whether you’re a complete beginner or an experienced performer or artist, your interests and talents will be nurtured by industry professionals. During your time here, you will work on improving your skills which will end with a feature film or creative performance. 1. Where should you go to obtain career guidance according to the text? A. France. B. Australia. C. Italy. D. Ireland. 2. Which program enables participants to display their works? A. The 6-week Gap Year Course in Italy. B. Creative Internships in Australia with ABI. C. The Irish Arts and Culture Program. D. Creative Semester in France. 3. How much should an artist pay to improve his performing skills? A. $3,250. B. $10,000. C. $16,500. D. $17,000. B Have you ever wondered what animals are talking about? With the development of AI, we may be able to understand their languages! In Professor Karen Bakker’s new book, The Sounds of Life: How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants, she talks about how AI is helping us to make an animal version of Google Translate. All around the animal kingdom, there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants for example talk with each other using infrasound(次声波)—far below our human hearing range. Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves to attract baby coral to safer areas to grow. This is surprising as coral doesn’t have any ears! Scientists have placed listening equipment into these environments to pick up the sounds humans cannot hear. After the sounds are recorded, AI can study their meaning, according to the news website Vox. For example, Israeli researchers used AI to translate bats’ 15,000 calls. They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things: food, sleep positions, invasion of personal space, and unwanted advances. This technology can not only understand the animals but communicate back to them. For example, bees use dances to communicate. A research team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI system into a robot bee. They asked the robot to create a dance routine to tell the bees where the flowers were, Vox reported. 4. What can AI do for people in Karen Bakker’s opinion? A. AI helps people better understand animals. B. AI helps animals receive human’s sound. C. AI helps people do translations better. D. AI can help people develop Google Translate. 5. What do we know about the sounds made by animals? A. They can help animals get used to their environments. B. Corals have ears that can hear all animal sounds. C. Some of the sounds cannot be heard by humans. D. All communications among elephants are infrasound. 6. How did scientists tell bees where the flowers were? A. By making a robot bee tell the bees about the route by dancing. B. By creating a certain sound with the AI system. C. By asking a robot bee to teach them a new language. D. By training other bees to lead them there. 7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Making an animal version of Google Translate B. Recording sounds with AI C. Receiving infrasound with AI D. Talking to animals with AI C Recycling in general can be an effective way to reuse natural material resources. The U.S.’s high recycling rate of paper, 68 percent, has proved this point. But although some materials can be effectively recycled and safely made from recycled content, plastics cannot. Plastic recycling does not work and will never work. The problem with recycling plastic lies not in the concept or process but in the material itself. There are thousands of different plastics, each with its own characteristics. They all include different chemicals that cannot be recycled together, making it impossible to sort the trillions of pieces of plastics into separate types for processing. What’s more, plastic recycling costs more than new plastic because collecting, sorting, transporting, and reprocessing plastic waste is very expensive. Despite this obvious failure, the plastics industry has begun a decades-long campaign to keep the lie that the material is recyclable, which reminds the public of the tobacco industry’s efforts to tell smokers that filtered (过滤的) cigarettes are healthier than unfiltered cigarettes. Traditional mechanical recycling, in which plastic waste is ground up and melted (熔化), has been around for many decades. Now the plastics industry is promoting the benefits of so-called chemical recycling, in which plastic waste is broken down using high heat and turned into a low-quality fossil fuel. In 2018, Dow Chemical claimed that the Renewlogy chemical-recycling factory in Salt Lake City was able to reprocess mixed plastic waste through the “Hefty EnergyBag” program and turn it into diesel fuel (柴油). As Reuters showed in a 2021 survey, however, the pyrolysis (高温分解) process was not worth it. We’re not making a case for hopelessness. Just the opposite(相反的). We need the facts so that individuals and policymakers can take action. Proven solutions to the plastic-waste and pollution problems exist and can be quickly copied across the country. These solutions include placing bans on single-use plastic bags and unrecyclable single-use plastic food-service products, and installing dishwashing equipment in schools. Consumers can put pressure on companies to stop filling store shelves with single-use plastics by not buying them and instead choosing reusables and products in better packaging. And we should all keep recycling our paper, boxes, cans, and glass, because that actually works. 8. What is the problem with recycled plastic? A. It costs too much to produce. B. It can hardly be selected out. C. It is generally of poor quality. D. It can’t be stored in large numbers. 9. What is the plastics industry trying to do? A. To compete with the tobacco industry. B. To cut down the cost of recycling plastic. C. To uncover the lie of the tobacco industry. D. To prove the possibility of recycling plastic. 10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A. Traditional recycling proves to be safer. B. Chemical recycling turns out to be a failure. C Chemical recycling can save energy resources. D. Traditional recycling can deal with limited waste. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show the difficulty in recycling plastic. B. To introduce a new way of recycling plastic. C. To stress the importance of recycling plastic. D. To call for a ban on single-use plastic products. D Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province. He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu’s imagination took flight. He did what he might never have the chance to do in real life — wander in space, fight with aliens, and visit planets light-years away. But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that on Nov 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It’s the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award. In his acceptance speech, Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C. Clarke (1917 — 2008), a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarke’s 1968 classic novel 2001: A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him. “My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (充满敬畏的) by the mystery of the universe.” But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational (理性的). In The Three-Body Problem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens invading Earth. But unlike other alien stories, Liu talks more about relationships between civilizations, rules of survival, and the meanings of life. And in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams. 12. What do we know about Liu Cixin? A. He became a full-time writer when he was young. B. He is the first Asian to win the Arthur Clarke Award. C. He is the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award. D. He dreamed about wandering in space from childhood. 13. Liu Cixin’s words are used mainly to show ___________. A. his feeling after reading Clarke’s work B. his love of reading science fiction C. his interest in mysteries of the universe D. his confusion when he started writing 14. Why did the author mention The Three-Body Problem and The Wandering Earth? A. To prove that Liu Cixin’s works relate science to reality. B. To explain how Liu Cixin came up with his ideas. C. To show that Liu Cixin has a powerful imagination. D. To compare the different writing styles in the two books. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. Liu Cixin’s contributions to science fiction. B. Liu Cixin’s achievements and writing style. C. How Liu Cixin became a sci-fi writer. D. How Liu Cixin started a new sci-fi style. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever found yourself saying “I’ll never do that again”, only to find yourself doing the exact same thing just a short time later? ____16____ It seems all of us have repeated some of our mistakes at one time or another. The good news is that you can take steps to learn from your mistakes. Admit your mistakes. Don’t blame anyone or anything else. Don’t try to hide your mistake or pretend it didn’t happen. Admitting mistakes does not make you look weak. ____17____ When you admit mistakes, you help develop a culture of open communication and a willingness to improve by showing that you want to learn from the mistake. Ask yourself questions. Even though you don’t want to face your mistakes, thinking about them carefully can be helpful. Ask yourself a few questions. What went wrong? What could I do better next time? What did I learn from this? ____18____ Seeing your answers on paper can help you think more logically about your experience. Make a plan. Keeping feeling sorry for your mistakes won’t help you.____19____ Make a plan that will help you avoid making a similar mistake. Be as detailed as possible but remain flexible since your plan may need to be changed. ____20____ Sometimes people will point out your mistakes. Find someone who is wise and dependable and who is willing to listen to your explanations of what you’ve tried so far. If you can ask for advice from an expert, that couldn’t be better. A. Listen to other people. B. If so, you’re not alone. C. It actually makes you look strong. D. Bad habits can lead to serious mistakes. E. Consider your actions from an outsider’s view. F. Write down your answers and you’ll see the situation more clearly. G. It’s important to spend time thinking about how to do better in the future. 第三部分：语言知识运用（共三节；满分 55分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Hurricane Harvey struck Texas over two years ago, and many communities continue to feel its effects today. The areas that were ____21____ most by Harvey were already facing many economic ____22____. After Harvey hit, the people who were ____23____ to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well. ____24____ Harvey and the affected communities, the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly ____25____ by the hurricane and support them as they ____26____. Good360, a non-profit charity group, is ____27____ to partner with this organization to assist the ____28____ communities. Good360 donated backpacks to East Harris County Empowerment Council for students returning to school this fall who ____29____ would not have been able to buy new backpacks. The weeks _____30_____ the start of school are particularly hard for families. Parents are often forced to choose between having _____31_____ on the dinner table, putting gas in the car, and buying school _____32_____ for their children. The donation of backpacks allowed them to _____33_____ meeting other needs. One family in the county was especially impacted by this donation. When it came time to buy school items, the mother was _____34_____ that she would not have enough money for her two children in school. Thanks to Good360’s _____35_____, both children received brand new backpacks. 21. A. applied B. hit C. funded D. relieved 22. A. challenges B. impressions C. currents D. services 23. A. signaling B. struggling C. confirming D. marching 24. A. In case of B. In addition to C. In response to D. In place of 25. A. fancy B. ordinary C. hard D. orderly 26. A. recover B. revise C. reflect D. retire 27. A. shocked B. unlikely C. anxious D. proud 28. A. defeated B. deserted C. unearthed D. impacted 29. A. otherwise B. further C. entirely D. moreover 30. A. setting a limit to B. referring to C. leading up to D. giving rise to 31. A. fun B. food C. difficulty D. argument 32. A. games B. business C. sources D. supplies 33. A. focus on B. occur to C. draw on D. bring up 34. A. inspired B. concerned C. determined D. scared 35. A. procedure B. rescue C. donation D. power 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Biodiversity is significant to our planet. ____36____ , human activities are causing a decline in biodiversity. According to the World Wildlife Fund, we ____37____ (lose) 60% of the world’s wildlife population in the past 40 years alone. Each species in an ecosystem has a specific role to play, and if one species ____38____ (go) , it can have a series of impacts on the entire ecosystem. For example, if a predator species goes extinct, it can lead to ____39____ increase in the population of its prey, ____40____ can then lead to a decrease in the population of the prey’s food source. The loss of biodiversity also has significant ____41____ (consequence). Many of our medicines and food crops are gained from plants and animals ____42____ (find) in nature. If we continue to lose biodiversity, we may lose potential sources of life-saving drugs and vital food sources. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect biodiversity. This can include protecting endangered species, ____43____ (preserve) habitats, and reducing human impact on the environment. By protecting biodiversity, we can ensure that ecosystems continue to function ____44____ (proper). In conclusion, biodiversity is essential to the health of our planet and our own well-being. It is important that we take steps to protect and conserve the _____45_____ (vary) of life on Earth. 第三节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. Look! The girl over there __________ hair is blonde is the daughter of Professor Wang. (用适当的词填空) 47. Tom’s parents came back home from vacation earlier than __________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Neil Armstrong is the first man __________(step) on the moon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. The book __________(intend) for children will come out in May. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Road safety is taught to young children __________ (avoid) road accident. (所给词适当形式填空) 51. The boy over there __________ be John, as he is in the library now. (用适当的词填空) 52. A lovely dress was seen __________(wear) by Mary at Jimmy’s birthday party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. You __________ get a new car if you can pass the driving test. (用适当的词填空) 54. There are two major problems linked with nuclear power plants, __________ the first is about nuclear waste. (用适当的词填空) 55. She spent a lot of time practising, __________ (make) her piano skills improve. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 完成句子.（共140小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56. _________ _________ _________ the railing while going down the stairs. 下楼紧紧抓住扶手。 57. If you refer to Hawaii, a vision of pretty beaches and blue seas may _________ _________ _________. 如果你提到夏威夷，美丽海滩和蓝色海洋的景象可能会立刻浮现在脑海中。 58. It suddenly _________ _________ me that I left my keys at home, 我突然意识到我把钥匙落在家里了。 59. Three days later, the travelers arrived home _________ _________ _________. 三天后，游客们安然无恙回到了家。 60. I have to say _________ _________ _________ her that she meant no harm. 我得为她说话，她并没有恶意。 61. All theories originate from practice and _________ _________ serve practice. 任何理论都来源于实践，转而为实践服务。 62. The idea of starting my own business really _________ _________ me. 创业这个主意一直对我很有吸引力。 63. TuYouyou has _________ _________ _________ the study of traditional Chinese medicine in the past few decades. 屠呦呦过去的几十年全身心地投入到传统中医药的研究中。 64. We were _________ _________ _________ _________ giving up when he turned up. 我们快要放弃希望的时候，他出现了。 65. We need some people to _________ _________ _________ this project. 我们需要一些新鲜血液给该项目注入活力。 第四部分 写作 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华, 你校组建了慢跑俱乐部。请给你的留学生朋友Peter写信, 邀请他加入。内容包括： 1. 组建俱乐部的目的； 2. 俱乐部的主要活动； 3. 报名的时间和地点。 注意： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。 4. 生字: jogging慢跑 Dear Peter, How is everything going? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 扬州市第一中学2023-2024学年度第二学期 高一英语期中考试试卷 （满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 2024.4 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers invite Dave to do? A. Go fishing. B. Go diving. C. Go swimming. 2 Where are the reporters? A. In the reception room. B. In the meeting room. C. In the tea break room. 3. What is the man probably? A. A reporter. B. A driver. C. A policeman. 4. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Buy a new TV. B. Have the old TV fixed. C. Record the XV program. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A travel plan. B. A job opportunity. C. Their young children. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有一个小腿，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Classmates. 7. When is the Chinese homework due? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the weather like today? A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a park. B. Inαgym C. In a school. 10. Why does the man come to England? A. For holiday. B. For English study C. For a business trip. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How do the speakers find the math homework? A. Very easy. B. Just 10-50. C. Quite hard. 12. What does the woman say about the study group? A. Everyone is serious and helpful. B. It was started by a physics teacher. C. All of the members are her classmates. 13. When will the speakers get to the library? A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 6:30 pm. C. At 7:00 pm. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How much is the first computer? A. $600. B. S700. C. $900. 15. What does the woman care most about the computer? A. The wright. B. The price. C. The color. 16. What color computer will the woman buy? A. Black. B. Red. C. Blue. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题， 17. Why did the speaker live with the old lady? A. To learn Polish. B. To take care of her. C. To get the feeling of family. 18. What did the old lady do for the spenker? A. She washed her clothes. B. She did cooking for her. C. She cleaned her bathroom. 19. Who is Kathy? A. The speaker's roommate. B. The spanker's friend. C. The speaker's teacher. 20. What did the spenker think of the translating work? A. Useless. B. Easy. C. Challenging. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Art Study Abroad Programs in 2024 Whether you love art history, dance, photography, writing, or beyond, here are the top art programs to attend in 2024. The 6-week Gap Year Course in Italy | Art History Abroad Program length: 6 weeks in summer Price: $10,000 If you’re interested in studying artists, criticism, and painting techniques during periods like the Renaissance and styles like baroque, Romanesque, and modern art, then this program is for you. It prides itself on not simply teaching art but also culture and an appreciation of beauty. Creative Internships (实习) in Australia with ABI | ArtBound Initiative Program length: 1 month Price: $3,250 If you’ve ever had an interest in pursuing a career in the creative industry, consider an internship opportunity with ArtBound Initiative. Interns can work in exciting overseas locations while getting one-on-one career coaching from professionals. The Irish Arts and Culture Program | Irish Gap Year Program length: 1 semester Price: $17,000 Explore your own areas of interest as you work side by side with local Irish artists, photographers, writers, and musicians, learning about Ireland’s rich cultural and artistic heritage. Your hands-on experience goes hand in hand with day trips to galleries, museums, and castles, and at the end, you’ll have the opportunity to exhibit your works at the Le Cheile Art Expo. Creative Semester in France | Berridge Programs Program length: 1 semester Price: $16,500 Whether you’re a complete beginner or an experienced performer or artist, your interests and talents will be nurtured by industry professionals. During your time here, you will work on improving your skills which will end with a feature film or creative performance. 1. Where should you go to obtain career guidance according to the text? A. France. B. Australia. C. Italy. D. Ireland. 2. Which program enables participants to display their works? A. The 6-week Gap Year Course in Italy. B. Creative Internships in Australia with ABI. C. The Irish Arts and Culture Program. D. Creative Semester in France. 3. How much should an artist pay to improve his performing skills? A. $3,250. B. $10,000. C. $16,500. D. $17,000. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年的四个艺术留学项目，涉及艺术史、舞蹈、摄影、写作和表演。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Creative Internships (实习) in Australia with ABI | ArtBound Initiative”部分内容“Interns can work in exciting overseas locations while getting one-on-one career coaching from professionals.(实习生可以在令人兴奋的海外地区工作，同时获得专业人士一对一的职业指导)”可知，该项目提供专业的一对一职业指导。由此可知，要获得职业指导可以去澳大利亚参加该项目。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“The Irish Arts and Culture Program | Irish Gap Year”部分内容“Your hands-on experience goes hand in hand with day trips to galleries, museums, and castles, and at the end, you’ll have the opportunity to exhibit your works at the Le Cheile Art Expo(你的实践经验与一日游画廊、博物馆和城堡密不可分，最后，你将有机会在Le Cheile艺术博览会上展出你的作品)可知，参加该项目会有机会在Le Cheile艺术博览会上展出自己的作品。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Creative Semester in France | Berridge Programs”部分内容“Whether you’re a complete beginner or an experienced performer or artist, your interests and talents will be nurtured by industry professionals. During your time here, you will work on improving your skills which will end with a feature film or creative performance.(无论你是一个完全的初学者，还是一个经验丰富的表演者或艺术家，你的兴趣和才能都将由行业专业人士培养。在这里的这段时间里，你将努力提高你的技能，这将以故事片或创意表演结束)”可知，参加该项目能够可以提高自己的表演技能，其费用为“Price: $16,500(价格：16500美元)”。故选C项。 B Have you ever wondered what animals are talking about? With the development of AI, we may be able to understand their languages! In Professor Karen Bakker’s new book, The Sounds of Life: How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants, she talks about how AI is helping us to make an animal version of Google Translate. All around the animal kingdom, there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants for example talk with each other using infrasound(次声波)—far below our human hearing range. Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves to attract baby coral to safer areas to grow. This is surprising as coral doesn’t have any ears! Scientists have placed listening equipment into these environments to pick up the sounds humans cannot hear. After the sounds are recorded, AI can study their meaning, according to the news website Vox. For example, Israeli researchers used AI to translate bats’ 15,000 calls. They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things: food, sleep positions, invasion of personal space, and unwanted advances. This technology can not only understand the animals but communicate back to them. For example, bees use dances to communicate. A research team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI system into a robot bee. They asked the robot to create a dance routine to tell the bees where the flowers were, Vox reported. 4. What can AI do for people in Karen Bakker’s opinion? A. AI helps people better understand animals. B. AI helps animals receive human’s sound. C. AI helps people do translations better. D. AI can help people develop Google Translate. 5. What do we know about the sounds made by animals? A. They can help animals get used to their environments. B. Corals have ears that can hear all animal sounds. C. Some of the sounds cannot be heard by humans. D. All communications among elephants are infrasound. 6. How did scientists tell bees where the flowers were? A. By making a robot bee tell the bees about the route by dancing. B. By creating a certain sound with the AI system. C. By asking a robot bee to teach them a new language. D. By training other bees to lead them there. 7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Making an animal version of Google Translate B. Recording sounds with AI C. Receiving infrasound with AI D. Talking to animals with AI 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了人工智能技术可以帮助理解动物的语言。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In Professor Karen Bakker’s new book, The Sounds of Life: How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants, she talks about how AI is helping us to make an animal version of Google Translate.(在Karen Bakker教授的新书《生命之声：数字技术如何让我们更接近动植物世界》中，她谈到人工智能如何帮助我们制作动物版的Google翻译。)”可知，Karen Bakker教授认为人工智能可以制作动物版的Google翻译，让人类更接近动植物世界，由此可推知，人工智能可以帮助人们更好地了解动物。故选A。 5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All around the animal kingdom, there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants for example talk with each other using infrasound(次声波)—far below our human hearing range. Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves to attract baby coral to safer areas to grow.(在动物王国的每一个角落，都有一些我们很难听到和理解的声音。例如，大象之间用次声波交谈——远低于人类的听力范围。海洋中的珊瑚也会发出声波，吸引小珊瑚到更安全的地方生长。)”可知，人类听不到动物的一些声音。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A research team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI system into a robot bee. They asked the robot to create a dance routine to tell the bees where the flowers were, Vox reported.(因此，德国的一个研究小组将蜜蜂语言AI系统植入了一只蜜蜂机器人。据Vox报道，他们让机器人创建一套舞蹈动作，告诉蜜蜂花在哪里。)”可知，科学家让机器人创建一套舞蹈动作，通过跳舞来告诉蜜蜂花的位置。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“With the development of AI, we may be able to understand their languages!(随着人工智能的发展，我们也许能听懂他们的语言！)”可知，本文主要介绍了能听懂动物语言的人工智能技术。故D项“用人工智能和动物交流”适合作为文章标题。故选D。 C Recycling in general can be an effective way to reuse natural material resources. The U.S.’s high recycling rate of paper, 68 percent, has proved this point. But although some materials can be effectively recycled and safely made from recycled content, plastics cannot. Plastic recycling does not work and will never work. The problem with recycling plastic lies not in the concept or process but in the material itself. There are thousands of different plastics, each with its own characteristics. They all include different chemicals that cannot be recycled together, making it impossible to sort the trillions of pieces of plastics into separate types for processing. What’s more, plastic recycling costs more than new plastic because collecting, sorting, transporting, and reprocessing plastic waste is very expensive. Despite this obvious failure, the plastics industry has begun a decades-long campaign to keep the lie that the material is recyclable, which reminds the public of the tobacco industry’s efforts to tell smokers that filtered (过滤的) cigarettes are healthier than unfiltered cigarettes. Traditional mechanical recycling, in which plastic waste is ground up and melted (熔化), has been around for many decades. Now the plastics industry is promoting the benefits of so-called chemical recycling, in which plastic waste is broken down using high heat and turned into a low-quality fossil fuel. In 2018, Dow Chemical claimed that the Renewlogy chemical-recycling factory in Salt Lake City was able to reprocess mixed plastic waste through the “Hefty EnergyBag” program and turn it into diesel fuel (柴油). As Reuters showed in a 2021 survey, however, the pyrolysis (高温分解) process was not worth it. We’re not making a case for hopelessness. Just the opposite(相反的). We need the facts so that individuals and policymakers can take action. Proven solutions to the plastic-waste and pollution problems exist and can be quickly copied across the country. These solutions include placing bans on single-use plastic bags and unrecyclable single-use plastic food-service products, and installing dishwashing equipment in schools. Consumers can put pressure on companies to stop filling store shelves with single-use plastics by not buying them and instead choosing reusables and products in better packaging. And we should all keep recycling our paper, boxes, cans, and glass, because that actually works. 8. What is the problem with recycled plastic? A. It costs too much to produce. B. It can hardly be selected out. C. It is generally of poor quality. D. It can’t be stored in large numbers. 9. What is the plastics industry trying to do? A. To compete with the tobacco industry. B. To cut down the cost of recycling plastic. C. To uncover the lie of the tobacco industry. D. To prove the possibility of recycling plastic. 10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A. Traditional recycling proves to be safer. B. Chemical recycling turns out to be a failure. C. Chemical recycling can save energy resources. D. Traditional recycling can deal with limited waste. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show the difficulty in recycling plastic. B. To introduce a new way of recycling plastic. C. To stress the importance of recycling plastic. D. To call for a ban on single-use plastic products. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了回收通常是一种有效的方法来重复利用自然物质资源，塑料回收现在不起作用，将来也不会起作用。作者呼吁人们停止使用一次性塑料制品。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What’s more, plastic recycling costs more than new plastic because collecting, sorting, transporting, and reprocessing plastic waste is very expensive.(更重要的是，塑料回收比新塑料成本更高，因为收集、分类、运输和再处理塑料垃圾非常昂贵)”可知，回收塑料的问题是生产成本太高。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite this obvious failure, the plastics industry has begun a decades-long campaign to keep the lie that the material is recyclable, which reminds the public of the tobacco industry’s efforts to tell smokers that filtered (过滤的) cigarettes are healthier than unfiltered cigarettes.(尽管这一明显的失败，塑料行业已经开始了一场长达数十年的运动，以保持这种材料是可回收的谎言，这提醒公众烟草行业努力告诉吸烟者，过滤香烟比未过滤香烟更健康)”及第四段中的“Now the plastics industry is promoting the benefits of so-called chemical recycling, in which plastic waste is broken down using high heat and turned into a low-quality fossil fuel. In 2018, Dow Chemical claimed that the Renewlogy chemical-recycling factory in Salt Lake City was able to reprocess mixed plastic waste through the “Hefty EnergyBag” program and turn it into diesel fuel (柴油). As Reuters showed in a 2021 survey, however, the pyrolysis (高温分解) process was not worth it.(现在，塑料行业正在宣传所谓的化学回收的好处，在这种回收中，塑料垃圾用高热分解，变成低质量的化石燃料。2018年，陶氏化学公司声称，盐湖城的再生化学回收工厂能够通过“重型能源袋”计划对混合塑料垃圾进行再处理，并将其转化为柴油燃料。然而，正如路透社在2021年的一项调查中所显示的那样，这种热解过程并不值得)”可知，塑料工业一直试图证明回收塑料的可能性。故选D。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Now the plastics industry is promoting the benefits of so-called chemical recycling, in which plastic waste is broken down using high heat and turned into a low-quality fossil fuel. In 2018, Dow Chemical claimed that the Renewlogy chemical-recycling factory in Salt Lake City was able to reprocess mixed plastic waste through the “Hefty EnergyBag” program and turn it into diesel fuel (柴油). As Reuters showed in a 2021 survey, however, the pyrolysis (高温分解) process was not worth it.(现在，塑料行业正在宣传所谓的化学回收的好处，在这种回收中，塑料垃圾用高热分解，变成低质量的化石燃料。2018年，陶氏化学公司声称，盐湖城的再生化学回收工厂能够通过“重型能源袋”计划对混合塑料垃圾进行再处理，并将其转化为柴油燃料。然而，正如路透社在2021年的一项调查中所显示的那样，这种热解过程并不值得)”可知，第四段主要是关于化学回收被证明是失败的。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Plastic recycling does not work and will never work.(塑料回收现在不起作用，将来也不会起作用)”及最后一段中的“Consumers can put pressure on companies to stop filling store shelves with single-use plastics by not buying them and instead choosing reusables and products in better packaging.(消费者可以通过不购买一次性塑料，而是选择可重复使用的产品和包装更好的产品，向公司施加压力，让它们停止在商店货架上摆满一次性塑料)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁禁止使用一次性塑料制品。故选D。 D Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province. He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu’s imagination took flight. He did what he might never have the chance to do in real life — wander in space, fight with aliens, and visit planets light-years away. But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that on Nov 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It’s the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award. In his acceptance speech Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C. Clarke (1917 — 2008), a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarke’s 1968 classic novel 2001: A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him. “My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (充满敬畏的) by the mystery of the universe.” But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational (理性的). In The Three-Body Problem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens invading Earth. But unlike other alien stories, Liu talks more about relationships between civilizations, rules of survival, and the meanings of life. And in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams. 12. What do we know about Liu Cixin? A. He became a full-time writer when he was young. B. He is the first Asian to win the Arthur Clarke Award. C. He is the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award. D. He dreamed about wandering in space from childhood. 13. Liu Cixin’s words are used mainly to show ___________. A. his feeling after reading Clarke’s work B. his love of reading science fiction C. his interest in mysteries of the universe D. his confusion when he started writing 14. Why did the author mention The Three-Body Problem and The Wandering Earth? A. To prove that Liu Cixin’s works relate science to reality. B. To explain how Liu Cixin came up with his ideas. C. To show that Liu Cixin has a powerful imagination. D. To compare the different writing styles in the two books. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. Liu Cixin’s contributions to science fiction. B. Liu Cixin’s achievements and writing style. C. How Liu Cixin became a sci-fi writer. D. How Liu Cixin started a new sci-fi style. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国作家刘慈欣的成就和写作风格。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015.(但即使有着如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没想到他会成为2015年第一个获得雨果奖的亚洲人，雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。)”可知，刘慈欣是第一个获得雨果奖的亚洲人。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He said that reading Clarke’s 1968 classic novel 2001: A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him.(他说，在1980年代早期阅读克拉克1968年的经典小说《2001：太空漫游》对他影响很大。)”和第四段““My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (充满敬畏的) by the mystery of the universe.”(“我的思想前所未有地开阔了。我感觉自己就像一条狭窄的小河，终于看到了大海，”刘慈欣说。“那天晚上，在我眼里，繁星点点的天空与过去完全不同。这是我有生以来第一次对宇宙的神秘感到敬畏。”)”可知，刘慈欣说克拉克的小说对自己产生了巨大的影响，他说他这些话是在描述他阅读后的感受。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational(理性的).(但不管刘慈欣的想象力带他走多远，他的小说总是保持理性。)”可知，刘慈欣的小说虽然富有想象力，但总会保持理性，接着“In The Three-Body Problem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens invading Earth. But unlike other alien stories, Liu talks more about relationships between civilizations, rules of survival, and the meanings of life. And in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams.(例如，在《三体》中，刘慈欣讲述了外星人入侵地球的故事。但与其他外星故事不同的是，刘慈欣更多地谈论文明之间的关系、生存法则以及生命的意义。在《流浪地球》中，刘慈欣展望了太阳系终结的那一天，人类必须寻找一个新的生活场所。然而，他的所有设想和解决办法都是建立在“硬科学”的基础上的。刘慈欣的作品不仅仅是白日梦。)”讲述了刘慈欣小说《三体》和《流浪地球》的独特立意，并指出他的所有设想和解决办法都是建立在“硬科学”的基础上的，并不仅仅是想象。由此可推测出，作者提到这两部小说是为了证明刘慈欣的作品将科学与现实结合了起来。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin.(也许没有人比中国作家刘慈欣更了解想象力的力量。)”、第二段“But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that on Nov 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It’s the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award.(但即使有着如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没想到他会成为2015年第一个获得雨果奖的亚洲人，雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。或许他既没想到美国前总统巴拉克·奥巴马会读到他的小说《三体》，也没想到11月9日在华盛顿特区，他会获得2018年度克拉克想象力服务社会奖。这是中国作家第一次获得该奖项。)”和最后一段中的“But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational (理性的).(但不管刘慈欣的想象力带他走多远，他的小说总是保持理性。)”可知，本文主要讲述了刘慈欣的成就和写作风格。故选B。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever found yourself saying “I’ll never do that again”, only to find yourself doing the exact same thing just a short time later? ____16____ It seems all of us have repeated some of our mistakes at one time or another. The good news is that you can take steps to learn from your mistakes. Admit your mistakes. Don’t blame anyone or anything else. Don’t try to hide your mistake or pretend it didn’t happen. Admitting mistakes does not make you look weak. ____17____ When you admit mistakes, you help develop a culture of open communication and a willingness to improve by showing that you want to learn from the mistake. Ask yourself questions. Even though you don’t want to face your mistakes, thinking about them carefully can be helpful. Ask yourself a few questions. What went wrong? What could I do better next time? What did I learn from this? ____18____ Seeing your answers on paper can help you think more logically about your experience. Make a plan. Keeping feeling sorry for your mistakes won’t help you.____19____ Make a plan that will help you avoid making a similar mistake. Be as detailed as possible but remain flexible since your plan may need to be changed. ____20____ Sometimes people will point out your mistakes. Find someone who is wise and dependable and who is willing to listen to your explanations of what you’ve tried so far. If you can ask for advice from an expert, that couldn’t be better. A. Listen to other people. B. If so, you’re not alone. C. It actually makes you look strong. D. Bad habits can lead to serious mistakes. E. Consider your actions from an outsider’s view. F. Write down your answers and you’ll see the situation more clearly. G. It’s important to spend time thinking about how to do better in the future. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。即使时时告诫自己，人们也常常重复相同的错误。文章给出了几条建议，让人们可以从自己的错误中学习。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever found yourself saying “I’ll never do that again”, only to find yourself doing the exact same thing just a short time later?(你曾经发现自己说了‘我以后再也不那样做了’，却发现自己在一段时间后还是做相同的事情吗？)”和下文“It seems all of us have repeated some of our mistakes at one time or another.(似乎我们所有人都会在某些时候重复我们的一些错误)”可推知，设空处可能陈述其实重复犯同样错误的人不只你一人。B项“如果是这样，你不是一个人”符合语境，即对上文问题进行回答，也开启下文。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Admitting mistakes does not make you look weak.(承认错误不会让你看起来很弱小)”可推知，设空处可能陈述承认错误不仅不会让你看起来很弱小，它还会让你看起来很强大。C项“事实上，它会让你看起来更强大”符合语境，strong呼应上文strong。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Ask yourself a few questions. What went wrong? What could I do better next time? What did I learn from this?(问你自己一些问题。什么出错了？我下次把什么做得更好？我从这件事得到什么教训？)”和下文“Seeing your answers on paper can help you think more logically about your experience.(看着纸上你写的答案能够帮你更有逻辑地思考你的经历)”可推知，设空处建议人们把以上几个问题的答案写下来。F项“写下你的答案，这样你将把情况看得更清楚”符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Keeping feeling sorry for your mistakes won’t help you.(一直为自己的错误感到遗憾对你没有帮助)”和下文“Make a plan that will help you avoid making a similar mistake.(制定一个计划将有助于你避免犯同样的错误)”可推知，设空处可能建议人们花时间为将来做打算，而非一味的后悔。G项“花时间想想将来怎么做的更好是重要的”符合语境，呼应小标题内容“制定一个计划”。故选G。 【20题详解】 设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Sometimes people will point out your mistakes. Find someone who is wise and reliable and who is willing to listen to your explanations of what you’ve tried so far. If you can ask for advice from an expert, that couldn’t be better.(有时，人们会指出你的错误。找一个明智可靠的，愿意倾听你对目前所有努力做出解释的人。如果你能求助于一个专家，那就再好不过了)”可知，本段建议人们求助他人。A项“听听别人怎么说”可以作为本段小标题。故选A。 第三部分：语言知识运用（共三节；满分 55分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Hurricane Harvey struck Texas over two years ago, and many communities continue to feel its effects today. The areas that were ____21____ most by Harvey were already facing many economic ____22____. After Harvey hit, the people who were ____23____ to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well. ____24____ Harvey and the affected communities, the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly ____25____ by the hurricane and support them as they ____26____. Good360, a non-profit charity group, is ____27____ to partner with this organization to assist the ____28____ communities. Good360 donated backpacks to East Harris County Empowerment Council for students returning to school this fall who ____29____ would not have been able to buy new backpacks. The weeks _____30_____ the start of school are particularly hard for families. Parents are often forced to choose between having _____31_____ on the dinner table, putting gas in the car, and buying school _____32_____ for their children. The donation of backpacks allowed them to _____33_____ meeting other needs. One family in the county was especially impacted by this donation. When it came time to buy school items, the mother was _____34_____ that she would not have enough money for her two children in school. Thanks to Good360’s _____35_____, both children received brand new backpacks. 21. A. applied B. hit C. funded D. relieved 22. A. challenges B. impressions C. currents D. services 23. A. signaling B. struggling C. confirming D. marching 24. A. In case of B. In addition to C. In response to D. In place of 25. A. fancy B. ordinary C. hard D. orderly 26. A. recover B. revise C. reflect D. retire 27. A. shocked B. unlikely C. anxious D. proud 28. A. defeated B. deserted C. unearthed D. impacted 29. A. otherwise B. further C. entirely D. moreover 30. A. setting a limit to B. referring to C. leading up to D. giving rise to 31. A. fun B. food C. difficulty D. argument 32. A. games B. business C. sources D. supplies 33. A. focus on B. occur to C. draw on D. bring up 34. A. inspired B. concerned C. determined D. scared 35. A. procedure B. rescue C. donation D. power 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了飓风哈维袭击了德克萨斯州之后，政府和慈善机构帮助灾区人民恢复生活，度过难关的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受哈维打击最严重的地区已经面临许多经济挑战。A. applied应用，申请；B. hit打击；C. funded资助；D. relieved缓解。根据上文“Hurricane Harvey struck Texas”及下文“After Harvey hit”可知，此处指受飓风打击最严重的地区。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：受哈维打击最严重的地区已经面临许多经济挑战。A. challenges挑战；B. impressions印象；C. currents趋势；D. services服务。根据后文“the people who were ____3____ to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well”可知，他们遇到许多经济挑战。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈维袭击后，那些努力满足基本需求的人们面临着重建生活和家园的问题。A. signaling发信号；B. struggling挣扎，奋斗，努力；C. confirming证实；D. marching行进。根据前文“After Harvey hit”及后文“to meet their basic needs”可知，在飓风袭击之后，灾民需要努力满足基本需求。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查介词固定短语词义辨析。句意：为了应对哈维和受灾的社区，政府创建了东哈里斯县恢复工程，以帮助遭受飓风重创的个人和家庭，并在他们恢复时提供支持。A. In case of万一，如果发生……；B. In addition to另外；C. In response to作为回应，应对；D. In place of替代。根据后文“the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly ____5____ by the hurricane”可知，恢复工程的创建是为了应对飓风给灾区人民带来的灾害。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词（副词）词义辨析。句意：为了应对哈维和受灾的社区，政府创建了东哈里斯县恢复工程，以帮助遭受飓风重创的个人和家庭，并在他们恢复时提供支持。A. fancy精致的；B. ordinary普通的；C. hard艰难的，沉重地，猛烈地；D. orderly有序的。根据前文“The areas that were ____1____ most by Harvey were already facing many economic ____2____.”可知，恢复工程要帮助灾民，尤其是遭到飓风猛烈打击的灾民。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了应对哈维和受灾的社区，创建了东哈里斯县恢复工程，以帮助遭受飓风重创的个人和家庭，并在他们恢复时提供支持。A. recover恢复；B. revise修改；C. reflect反应；D. retire退休。根据常识和前文“the East Harris County Recovery Project”可知，恢复工程在灾民恢复生活时，提供支持。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Good360是一家非营利性慈善团体，很荣幸能与该组织合作，帮助受影响的社区。A. shocked震惊的；B. unlikely不大可能的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. proud自豪的。根据前文“a non-profit charity group”和后文“to partner with this organization to assist the ____8____ communities”可知，作为一家非营利慈善机构，能帮助灾民度过难关感到非常自豪。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Good360是一家非营利性慈善团体，很荣幸能与该组织合作，帮助受影响的社区。A. defeated被击败的；B. deserted被遗弃的；C. unearthed被发掘的；D. impacted受影响的。基于前文分析可知，飓风袭击了该地区，所以慈善机构帮助受影响的社区。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Good360向东哈里斯县赋权委员会捐赠了背包，以帮助今年秋季返校的学生，否则他们将无法购买新的背包。A. otherwise否则；B. further进一步；C. entirely完全地；D. moreover此外。根据语境和后文“would not have been able to buy new backpacks”可知，如果得不到帮助，他们就无法购买新书包。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：开学前的几周对家庭来说尤其艰难。A. setting a limit to将限制设置为；B. referring to参考，涉及；C. leading up to是……的先导，是导致……的原因；D. giving rise to引起，导致（尤指坏事）。根据后文“Parents are often forced to choose between having ____11____ on the dinner table, putting gas in the car, and buying school ____12____ for their children.”可知，在开学的前几周对家庭来说是最艰难的。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母不得不在餐桌上的食物、给车加油和给孩子买学习用品之间做出选择。A. fun乐趣；B. food食物；C. difficulty困难；D. argument争论。根据后文“on the dinner table”可知，此处指餐桌上的食物。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母不得不在餐桌上的食物、给车加油和给孩子买学习用品之间做出选择。A. games游戏；B. business商业；C. sources来源；D. supplies供应，补给，日用品。根据语境和前文“school”后文“for the children”可知，此处指学习日用品。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：捐赠背包使他们能够着力于满足其他需求。A. focus on关注；B. occur to被想起；C. draw on利用；D. bring up提出，抚养。基于前文分析可知，灾区的孩子们几乎买不起学习用品，根据后文“meeting other needs”可知，捐赠背包使他们能够着力于满足其他需求。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到了买学校用品的时候，这位母亲担心自己没有足够的钱供两个孩子上学。A. inspired受启发的；B. concerned关注的，担心的；C. determined坚定的；D. scared害怕的。基于前文分析可知，灾区的孩子们几乎买不起学习用品，根据后文“she would not have enough money for her two children in school”可知，妈妈在担心没有足够的钱供孩子上学。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏Good360的捐赠，两个孩子都收到了全新的背包。A. procedure程序；B. rescue营救；C. donation捐赠；D. power力量。根据前文“Good360 donated backpacks”及后文“both children received brand new backpacks”可知，两个孩子得到Good360的捐赠。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Biodiversity is significant to our planet. ____36____ , human activities are causing a decline in biodiversity. According to the World Wildlife Fund, we ____37____ (lose) 60% of the world’s wildlife population in the past 40 years alone. Each species in an ecosystem has a specific role to play, and if one species ____38____ (go) , it can have a series of impacts on the entire ecosystem. For example, if a predator species goes extinct, it can lead to ____39____ increase in the population of its prey, ____40____ can then lead to a decrease in the population of the prey’s food source. The loss of biodiversity also has significant ____41____ (consequence). Many of our medicines and food crops are gained from plants and animals ____42____ (find) in nature. If we continue to lose biodiversity, we may lose potential sources of life-saving drugs and vital food sources. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect biodiversity. This can include protecting endangered species, ____43____ (preserve) habitats, and reducing human impact on the environment. By protecting biodiversity, we can ensure that ecosystems continue to function ____44____ (proper). In conclusion, biodiversity is essential to the health of our planet and our own well-being. It is important that we take steps to protect and conserve the _____45_____ (vary) of life on Earth. 【答案】36. However 37. have lost 38. goes 39. an 40. which 41. consequences 42. found 43. preserving 44. properly 45. variety 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕生物多样性这一核心话题展开论述，旨在引起读者对生物多样性问题的关注和思考，呼吁人们采取行动来保护和维护生物多样性。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，人类活动正在导致生物多样性的下降。上文“Biodiversity is significant to our planet.”和下文“human activities are causing a decline in biodiversity.”之间存在转折关系；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填However。 【37题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：根据世界野生动物基金会的数据，仅在过去的40年里，我们就已经失去了全球60%的野生动物种群。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the past 40 years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“we”，复数人称，助动词用have。故填have lost。 【38题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：生态系统中的每个物种都有一个特定的角色，如果一个物种消失了，它会对整个生态系统产生一系列影响。这里为从句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“one species”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填goes。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：例如，如果一个捕食者物种灭绝，它可能会导致猎物数量的增加，这可能会导致猎物食物来源数量的减少。修饰可数名词单数“increase”，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：例如，如果一个捕食者物种灭绝，它可能会导致猎物数量的增加，这可能会导致猎物食物来源数量的减少。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为主句一句话，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：生物多样性的丧失也会产生严重后果。根据句意可知，空处为名词的复数形式，表示“很多后果”。故填consequences。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的许多药物和粮食作物都是从自然界的动植物中获取的。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“plants and animals”和动词“find”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填found。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这包括保护濒危物种，保护栖息地，减少人类对环境的影响。非谓语动词担当动词“include”的宾语，和上下文的“protecting”和“reducing”保持一致。故填preserving。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：通过保护生物多样性，我们可以确保生态系统继续正常运作。分析句子成分可知，空处为修饰动词用副词形式。故填properly。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：重要的是，我们要采取措施保护并维护地球上生命的多样性。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作宾语，构成短语：the variety of，意为“……的多样性”，符合句意。故填variety。 第三节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. Look! The girl over there __________ hair is blonde is the daughter of Professor Wang. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你看！那边那个金发的女孩是王教授的女儿。空处引导一个定语从句，修饰The girl，指人，且作定语修饰hair，所以应用whose引导。故填whose。 47. Tom’s parents came back home from vacation earlier than __________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】expected 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略、动词语态。句意：汤姆的父母度假回家比预期的早。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中than引导的比较状语从句省略了从句的主语they和were，从句完整句子为than they were_____ (expect)。 expect意为“预期”，和problem为被动关系，故本空应用expect的过去分词expected，与were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填expected。 48. Neil Armstrong is the first man __________(step) on the moon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to step 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是第一个登上月球的人。man前有序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to step。 49. The book __________(intend) for children will come out in May. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】intended 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本为儿童设计的图书将于五月出版。本句的谓语是will come out，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语The book和intend之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。be intended for意为“为……设计”。故填intended。 50. Road safety is taught to young children __________ (avoid) road accident. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to avoid 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免交通事故，年轻的孩子们被教授道路安全知识。本句谓语为is taught，此处为非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以此处应为动词“避免”的不定式形式作目的状语。故填to avoid。 51. The boy over there __________ be John, as he is in the library now. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】can’t 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那边的男孩不可能是约翰，因为他现在在图书馆里。根据空后的be可知，空处应用情态动词。根据as he is in the library now可知，这里确定那个男孩不是约翰，表示对现在情况的否定推测，应用can’t，表示“不可能”。故填can’t。 52. A lovely dress was seen __________(wear) by Mary at Jimmy’s birthday party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be worn 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人看见玛丽在吉米的生日聚会上穿了一件漂亮的连衣裙。see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，其被动形式为sb. be seen to do sth.，不定式作主语补足语。wear和dress之间是动宾关系，所以应用不定式的被动形式。故填to be worn。 53. You __________ get a new car if you can pass the driving test. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】shall 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：如果你能通过驾驶考试，你将得到一辆新车。shall用在第二、三人称的陈述句中表示允诺、承诺、强调、警告、决心等语气。根据从句中的can可知，句子用一般现在时，主句中用shall表示允诺。故填shall。 54. There are two major problems linked with nuclear power plants, __________ the first is about nuclear waste. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of which 【解析】 【详解】考查“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句。句意：核电站有两个主要问题，其中第一个是核废料。空处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，根据空后的the first可知，这里指两个主要问题中的第一个，先行词为two major problems，这里表示所属关系，应用of which引导。故填of which。 55. She spent a lot of time practising, __________ (make) her piano skills improve. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】making 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她花了很多时间练习，使她的钢琴技巧得到了提高。本句谓语为spent，此处为非谓语动词，用make“使得”的现在分词，作结果状语。故填making。 第四节 完成句子.（共140小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56. _________ _________ _________ the railing while going down the stairs. 下楼紧紧抓住扶手。 【答案】 ①. Hold ②. on ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、祈使句。“紧紧抓住”，用固定短语hold on to，其中to为介词，本句用祈使句的肯定形式，以动词原形开始，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Hold on to。 57. If you refer to Hawaii, a vision of pretty beaches and blue seas may _________ _________ _________. 如果你提到夏威夷，美丽海滩和蓝色海洋的景象可能会立刻浮现在脑海中。 【答案】 ①. spring##come ②. to ③. mind 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据中英文，设空处表示“立刻浮现在脑海中”，应用come/spring to mind，为固定搭配，表示“突然出现在脑海里，立即被想到”。空前有may，其后跟动词原形。故答案为come/spring；to；mind。 58. It suddenly _________ _________ me that I left my keys at home, 我突然意识到我把钥匙落在家里了。 【答案】 ①. occurred ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、时态。it occurs to sb. that...“某人突然想起……”。根据left可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式occurred，故答案为occurred to。 59. Three days later, the travelers arrived home _________ _________ _________. 三天后，游客们安然无恙回到了家。 【答案】 ①. safe ②. and ③. sound 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。“安然无恙地”应用固定短语safe and sound，解释说明主语的状态，作伴随状语。故填safe and sound。 60. I have to say _________ _________ _________ her that she meant no harm. 我得为她说话，她并没有恶意。 【答案】 ①. in ②. defence ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“为她说句话”意思就是“为她辩护”，所以此处用固定短语in defence of表示“为……辩护”。故填①in；②defence；③of。 61. All theories originate from practice and _________ _________ serve practice. 任何理论都来源于实践，转而实践服务。 【答案】 ①. in ②. turn 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，设空处填“反过来，转而”，用固定短语in turn。故填①in；② turn。 62. The idea of starting my own business really _________ _________ me. 创业这个主意一直对我很有吸引力。 【答案】 ①. appeals ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、时态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处表示“对……有吸引力”，作句子的谓语动词，可用固定短语appeal to，其中to为介词，本句描述当前的状态或情况，故时态用一般现在时，且主语The idea为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填①appeals；② to。 63. TuYouyou has _________ _________ _________ the study of traditional Chinese medicine in the past few decades. 屠呦呦过去的几十年全身心地投入到传统中医药的研究中。 【答案】 ①. devoted ②. herself ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。结合句意“全身心地投入”可知短语为devote oneself to，根据上文has可知为现在完成时。故填devoted herself to。 64. We were _________ _________ _________ _________ giving up when he turned up. 我们快要放弃希望的时候，他出现了。 【答案】 ①. on ②. the ③. point ④. of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“快要……的时候”，使用固定短语on the point of，故填①on；②the；③point；④of。 65. We need some people to _________ _________ _________ this project. 我们需要一些新鲜血液给该项目注入活力。 【答案】 ①. breathe ②. life ③. into 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、不定式。“注入活力”用固定短语breathe life into，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填breathe life into。 第四部分 写作 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华, 你校组建了慢跑俱乐部。请给你的留学生朋友Peter写信, 邀请他加入。内容包括： 1. 组建俱乐部的目的； 2. 俱乐部的主要活动； 3. 报名的时间和地点。 注意： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。 4. 生字: jogging慢跑 Dear Peter, How is everything going? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, How is everything going? I’m writing to tell you some good news. A jogging club has been founded in our school, which aims at enriching our after­class life. Since you are crazy about jogging, I’d like to invite you to join us. Club members meet every Friday afternoon for mass learning. Regular courses are provided on how to strengthen your body by jogging. And chances are also available for exchange activities. If you’re interested, please turn to the Student Union Office, which is situated at the east end on the ground floor of the office building. It opens from 3:00 to 6:30 pm on weekdays. I’m looking forward to your quick reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给留学生朋友Peter写信, 邀请他加入慢跑俱乐部 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 组建俱乐部的目的； 2. 俱乐部的主要活动； 3. 报名的时间和地点。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） found; a jogging club; aim at; after­class life; be crazy about; invite sb. to do sth.; provide; be available for; turn to; be situated at; look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. A jogging club has been founded in our school, which aims at enriching our after­class life. 2. Since you are crazy about jogging, I’d like to invite you to join us. 3. Club members meet every Friday afternoon for mass learning. 4. Regular courses are provided on how to strengthen your body by jogging. 5. And chances are also available for exchange activities. 6. If you’re interested, please turn to the Student Union Office, which is situated at the east end on the ground floor of the office building. 7. It opens from 3:00 to 6:30 pm on weekdays. 8. I’m looking forward to your quick reply. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second, And then 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句) 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1] Since you are crazy about jogging, I’d like to invite you to join us. (运用了since引导原因状语从句) [高分句型2] If you’re interested, please turn to the Student Union Office, which is situated at the east end on the ground floor of the office building. (运用了if引导条件状语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$