新概念英语第一册 Lesson 81讲义

新概念第一册lesson81 讲义 Snow Have you ever1 seen2 snow? A lot of people in the world have not. A lot of countries never have snow — or have it only on the tops of very high mountains. In Canada there is quite a lot of snow every winter, but in the southern3 US there is usually very little. When a student from a warm country like Vietnam4 comes to Canada in the autumn for the first time, he feels cold at first, and most students from warm countries do not like this. Snow is different. Although5 it is very cold, it is also very beautiful. Perhaps6, after several7 dark8 mornings, the student wakes9 up one day, and there is a lot of light in his room. He thinks, "Is it so late?"and jumps out of bed, but no, it is not very late. He looks out the window — and there is snow, on the ground10 and everywhere. The light in his room came11 from that smooth12, clean, beautiful white snow. 雪 你看见过雪吗?世界上有很多人都没有见过。许多国家从来不下雪——或者只有在很高的山顶上有雪。在加拿大,每个冬天都下很多雪,但美国南部通常很少下雪。当一个来自像越南这样温暖的国家的学生在秋天第一次到加拿大时,他首先感觉到的就是寒冷,而大多数来自温暖国家的学生不喜欢这么冷的天气。 雪就不同。虽然雪很冷,但是很漂亮。也许,在几个阴沉的早晨之后,有一天,学生醒来时房间里很亮。他会想,“天很晚了吗?”然后跳下床,可是不对,并不是很晚。他朝窗外看去—是雪,地上是雪,到处都是雪。原来他房间里的光亮来自光滑、干净、美丽的白雪。 1 ever adv.曾经;永远;不断地;在任何时候;究竟 参考例句: Have you ever been to hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗? I will be young and strong and beautiful for ever.我将永远年轻、强壮,永远漂亮。 2 seen vbl.(see的过去分词)看见 参考例句: Since I left college, I have not seen him.自从我离开大学以后,就没有见过他了。 I hope to have seen the film next week.我希望下星期能看到这部电影。 3 southern adj.南部的,南方的,来自南方的 参考例句: They live in the southern area.他们住在南部地区。 He has traveled in southern cities.他游历了南方各市。 4 Vietnam n.越南 参考例句: Vietnam is suffering from food shortage.越南正遭受食物短缺之苦。 Laos is on the west of Vietnam.老挝在越南西面。 5 although conj(=though)虽然,即使,纵然,尽管 参考例句: Although my car is very old,It'still runs very well.我的汽车虽然很旧,但仍然跑得很快。 Although he worked hard,he failed in the exam.虽然他很努力,但他考试没有及格。 6 perhaps adv.也许,可能 参考例句: Perhaps it will rain in the afternoon.下午可能有雨。 Perhaps I can help you.也许我能帮帮你的忙吧。 7 several adj.几个,若干,数个;各个的,各自的 参考例句: Words often have several meanings.单词往往有若干个意思。 Several new members have come into the club since last year.自去年以来,又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。 8 dark adj.黑色的;暗的;黑暗的 参考例句: The night is too dark for us to see.夜间太暗,我们看不见。 The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.月亮出来时,天空是深蓝色的,非常晴朗。 9 wakes v.醒( wake的第三人称单数 );唤醒;唤起(记忆);使再次感觉到 参考例句: In spring nature wakes from her long winter sleep. 春天大自然从长长的冬眠中苏醒过来。 来自《简明英汉词典》 On holidays the little town wakes up. 每逢假日,这个小城镇就活跃起来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》 10 ground n.土地,战场,场地;adj.土地的,地面上的;v.放在地上,使...搁浅,打基础 参考例句: The baby is playing on the ground.婴儿正在地上玩。 He picked a pen from the ground.他从地上捡起一支钢笔。 11 came v.动词come的过去式 参考例句: I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里,我很惊奇。 The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。 12 smooth adj.平滑的,平坦的,平稳的,顾忱;v.弄平,使平滑;消除,排除,克服 参考例句: Life is not always smooth.生活的路不总是平坦的。 He picked up some smooth stones.他捡了一些光滑的石子。 In through the Window One day my father took us for a family drive in the country. We arrived home before seven. Dad pulled into the driveway and we got out. Dad walked to the door. His hand came out of his pocket. He tried his other pockets, but they too were empty. He realized that he didn't have his door keys. He tried the window. It was firmly1 shut. He went around to the back, and we followed, but mother was always afraid of burglars2, and the rear3 windows were just as tightly4 closed. "John, run up to Mr. Wilson and ask if you can borrow his ladder,"he said. I went too, and in a few moments we were back with it. "Mr. Wilson says he wants the ladder back right away."We took it around to the back, and David went up the ladder while Dad held it. The front door was soon open, and we left Mary and Susan to prepare dinner while we returned the ladder. driveway 车道 firmly 紧紧地 burglar 窃贼,夜盗 rear 后面的,背面的 ladder 梯子,阶梯 right away 立刻,马上 从窗户进去 一天,我爸爸带我们一家到乡下兜风。我们七点到家。爸爸把车开进车道,我们下了车。爸爸朝大门走去。他的手从口袋里拿出来。他又试了一下其他口袋,但它们都是空的。他意识到他没有带大门钥匙。他试了试窗户。窗户都紧紧地关着。他绕到屋后,我们都跟着他,但妈妈总是害怕有窃贼,所以后窗同样也关得紧紧的。“约翰,快去找威尔逊先生,问他是否能借他的梯子。”他说。我也去了,几分钟后,我们带着梯子回来了。“威尔逊先生说他希望梯子马上就还回去。” 我们把梯子拿到后面,大卫爬上梯子,爸爸帮他扶着。前门很快就开了,我们留下玛丽和苏珊准备晚饭,而我们去还梯子。 1 firmly adv.坚固,坚定,断然 参考例句: You must keep this firmly in mind.这一点你必须牢牢记住。 This is what we are firmly against.这是我们坚决反对的。 2 burglars 窃贼( burglar的名词复数 ); 破门盗窃者; 破门盗贼; 小偷 参考例句: The house had been ransacked by burglars. 这房子遭到了盗贼的洗劫。 The burglars took to their heels when they heard the police arrive. 窃贼听见警察来了,拔腿就跑。 3 rear vt.抚养,饲养;n.后部,后面 参考例句: We had to rear it in a nursery and plant it out.我们不得不在苗棚里培育它,然后再把它移植出来。 The hall is in the rear of the building.礼堂在大楼的后部。 4 tightly adv.紧紧地,坚固地,牢固地 参考例句: My child holds onto my hand tightly while we cross the street.横穿马路时,孩子紧拉着我的手不放。 The crowd pressed together so tightly that we could hardly breathe.人群挤在一起,我们几乎喘不过气来。 A Clever Servant Once upon1 a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant. He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home; the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing it. One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, "Here are two bottles of poison2 and some nice food in the house. You must take care of them."With these words, he went out. When the rich man was away from his home, the servant enjoyed a nice meal. When the rich man came back, he couldn's find his food and wine. He became very angry. So he asked the servant, "Where are my wine and food?"The servant said a cat had eaten up the food. He was afraid to be punished3 so he drank the poison to kill himself. servant 仆人 poison 毒药 聪明的仆人 从前,有一个有钱人,他有一个仆人,他和他的仆人都喜欢好酒和美食。每当富人离开家后,仆人就喝酒,吃光家里所有好吃的东西。富人知道仆人的所作所为,但他从来没有当场抓住过。 一天早上,当富人离开家时,他对仆人说:“家里有两瓶毒药和一些好吃的食物。你必须好好照看它们。”说完,他就走了。 当富人离开家后,仆人尽情享受了一顿美味大餐。富人回来后,找不到食物和酒,他很生气。他问仆人:“我的酒和食物到哪里去了?”仆人说有一只猫吃光了所有食物,他怕受到惩罚就喝下了毒药以结束自己的性命。 1 upon prep.在……上面 参考例句: I hope that fortune may smile upon you.我希望幸运之神会向你微笑。 I rely upon you to finish the work on time.我相信你会准时完成这项工作的。 2 poison n.毒药;毒害;vt./vi.毒害;投毒 参考例句: The bottle is labelled "Poison".瓶上标明“有毒”。 Don't allow evil thoughts to poison young people's minds.不允许邪念毒害青年。 3 punished v.罚( punish的过去式和过去分词 );处罚;粗暴地对待;痛打 参考例句: He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。 Those responsible for this crime will be severely punished. 犯下这宗罪行的人将受到严厉惩罚。 Our Playground There is a big park in our town with lots of trees, flowers, and grass in it. There are also places for tennis and volley-ball. There is a pond1 for small boats and a very small zoo, with a few2 wild3 animals in it. For children the best place in the park is the playground. There they can swing and slide and go round and round for hours. During4 school hours, only the very small children are there, but on summer evenings, on Saturdays, and Sundays all the year, there are older children too. I like going5 to the playground with my friends because we are happy there. We laugh and shout and joke6 with each other. There is a shed7 near the playground, and when it rains hard, the children go in here and wait until8 the rain stops. Then they come out again, running9 and shouting and laughing and in a minute they are all sliding and swinging and going round and round again. swing 荡秋千 slide 滑,滑行 shed 小屋,棚 我们的游乐场 我们镇上有个大公园,里面有很多树、花和草。那里还有打网球和排球的地方。里面有个池塘可以划小船,还有个很小的动物园,里面有一些野生动物。 对孩子们来说,公园里最好的地方是游乐场。他们可以荡秋千、滑滑梯、到处跑,玩上好几个小时。在上课时间,那里只有很小的孩子,但在夏天的晚上、全年的周六和周日,那里也有大一点的孩子。我喜欢和朋友们一起去游乐场,因为在那里我们很开心。我们笑啊、叫啊,互相开着玩笑。 游乐场旁边有座小屋,下大雨时,孩子们就在这里等雨停。然后他们又出来,跑着、叫着、笑着,很快,他们又都在荡秋千、滑滑梯、到处跑了。 1 pond n.池塘;vt.堵河成湖;vi.形成池塘 参考例句: Tom walked around the pond.汤姆绕着池子走。 The pond was iced over.池子给冰封起来了。 2 few adj.很少的,不多的,少数的;int.少数的 参考例句: There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。 I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。 3 wild adj.放荡的;未开发的,野的,野生的,原始的;n.荒野 参考例句: We should protect the wild animal.我们应该保护野生动物。 After the old gardener died,the garden grew wild.老园丁死后,花园就慢慢荒芜了。 4 during prep.在…期间,在…时候 参考例句: What did you do with yourself during the summer holidays?暑假你是怎样度过的? London is full of visitors during May and June.五六月间伦敦挤满了游客。 5 going n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的 参考例句: We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。 He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。 6 joke n.笑话;笑柄;vi.开玩笑;vt.开…的玩笑,戏弄 参考例句: Come on,lighten up!It was only a joke.喂,别紧张!这只不过是开玩笑。 They all laughed about the joke.这个笑话把他们全逗笑了。 7 shed n.车棚,小屋,脱落之物,分水岭;vt.使流出,放射,脱落,散发,摆脱;vi. 流出 参考例句: There are a lot of straws in the shed.棚子里有许多稻草。 His nose told him that he was getting near the cow shed.他的嗅觉告诉他,他正走近牛棚。 8 until prep.直到...为止;conj.直到...时才... 参考例句: He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。 She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。 9 running n.赛跑,流出,运转;adj.流动的,跑着的,连续的 参考例句: I like running.我喜欢跑步。 The water is running out.水流出来了。 A Free Show Jack1 lived in a village. As his father was very poor, Jack had little pocket money. One day a circus came to the village. Jack was very fond of going to the circus. He wanted to go very much, but he had no money. After lunch Jack went out and wandered slowly round the circus tent. Inside the tent the band was playing music and people were shouting happily. Jack was excited, so he tried putting his head first through a small opening in the tent. Just then, a guard found Jack out. "Hey, this is not an entrance,"he shouted and pulled him out. Then Jack went to the back of the tent. There was another opening. Another guard was standing2 there. This time Jack turned backwards3 and tried to enter with his legs first. When the guard saw him, he shouted, "Hey, this is not an exit. You can's leave from here."He pushed Jack into the tent. So Jack got to see the Circus after all. pocket money 零花钱 band 乐队 entrance 入口 backwards 向后地 exit 出口 免费看表演 杰克住在一个村庄里。因为杰克的父亲很穷,所以他只有很少的零用钱。一天,村里来了个马戏团。杰克很喜欢马戏。他非常想去看,但是他没有钱。午饭后,杰克走了出去,绕着马戏团的帐篷慢慢晃悠。帐篷里,乐队正在演奏音乐,人们高兴地欢呼。杰克很激动,所以他试图把头伸进帐篷上的一个小口子里。正在这时,一个保安发现了杰克。“嗨,这里不是入口,”他大叫,然后把杰克拉了出来。 随后杰克又走到帐篷的后面。这里也有一个口子。另一个保安站在那里。这次杰克背过身去,试着先把脚伸了进去。保安看到了他,保安大叫,“嗨,这不是出口。你不能从这里出去。”他把杰克推进帐篷里。这样,杰克终于看到了马戏表演。 1 jack n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克 参考例句: I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。 He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。 2 standing n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 参考例句: After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。 They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。 3 backwards adv.往回地,向原处,倒,相反,前后倒置地 参考例句: He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。 All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。 Climbing Mountains Do you like climbing mountains? My friend Ted1 does. He has never climbed a dangerous mountain, but he has climbed some quite big and difficult ones. He began to climb rocks when he was a small boy. Ted liked it very much and he did not get very tired. The next year his father took him up some mountains in Scotland2, and he was very happy. Last summer holidays, Ted's uncle invited him to go to Switzerland. The mountains are high there. They went to Switzerland by train and had a very good holiday. They climbed several mountains. At the end of the holiday he said to Ted, "You are still very young, but you already climb well."Ted was very glad. Now Ted wants to go to China to climb some of the very high peaks4 in the Himalayas, but he is still too young and also he hasn's got enough money. Perhaps one day he will become rich, and then he will go to China. Switzerland 瑞士 peak3 山顶 Himalayas 喜马拉雅山 爬 山 你喜欢爬山吗?我朋友特德喜欢。他从没爬过危险的山,但他曾爬过一些很大很难爬的山。当他还是个小男孩的时候,他就开始攀登岩石了。特德很喜欢这个运动,一点也不感到疲倦。第二年,他父亲带他登上苏格兰的一些山,他非常开心。 去年暑假,特德的叔叔邀请他去瑞士。那里的山很高。他们乘火车去了瑞士,过了一个非常愉快的假期。他们爬了几座山。在假期结束时,叔叔对特德说:“你还很年轻,但你已经爬得很好了。”特德听了很高兴。 现在,特德想去中国,爬上喜玛拉雅山最高的山峰,但他年纪还太小,而且没有足够的钱。也许有一天他会变得富有,然后他就可以去中国了。 1 ted vt.翻晒,撒,撒开 参考例句: The invaders gut ted the village.侵略者把村中财物洗劫一空。 She often teds the corn when it's sunny.天好的时候她就翻晒玉米。 2 Scotland n.苏格兰 参考例句: He has been hiking round Scotland for a month.他围着苏格兰徒步旅行了一个月。 Scotland is to the north of England.苏格兰在英格兰之北。 3 peak n.山峰,巅,山顶,顶点,尖峰,帽舌;adj.最高的,最大值的;vi.到达最高点,消瘦,变憔悴,逐渐缩小;vt.使竖起,使达到最高点 参考例句: Traffic reaches a peak between 8 and 9 in the morning.早晨八九点钟是交通的高峰时刻。 He was the first to top the mountain peak.他是第一个登上这座山峰的人。 4 peaks n.山峰( peak的名词复数 );最高点;尖端;帽舌 参考例句: There have been peaks and troughs in the long-term trend of unemployment. 长期以来失业率一直时起时伏。 We looked up at the rocky peaks towering above us. 我们抬头观望高高耸立的遍布岩石的山峰。 Three Jokes Joke 1 Clerk in a post office, after weighing the letter: "That letter's too heavy. You'll have to put another stamp on it."Man: "What's the good of that? If I put another stamp on it, that will only make it heavier, won's it?" Joke 2 "What are you doing, my dear?"said a mother to her four-year-old daughter. "I'm writing a letter to Helen,"the little girl answered. "But dear,"said the mother, "you don's know how to write." The little girl continued to make marks on the paper with her pencil and answered: "Well, Helen doesn's know how to read, so it doesn's make any difference." Joke 3 A school inspector1 was visiting an English class one day. He found some students were not sure about how to put the letters i or e in the words like receive,"believe,"and ceiling2."He said: "Students, I can give you a rule. It always works3 well for me."The students were very interested. Even the teacher seemed eager to learn this important rule. The inspector continued: "It is simply this: Write the i and the e exactly alike4 and then put the dot in the middle over them." inspector 巡视员 receive 收到, 接到 believe 相信 ceiling 天花板 dot 点, 圆点 笑 话 三 则 笑话1 邮局的工作人员称过信后:“这封信太重了。你需要再贴一张邮票。” 寄信人:“那样做有什么好处?如果我在信上再贴一张邮票,岂不是更重了?” 笑话2 “做什么呢,宝贝?”妈妈问她四岁的女儿。 “我在给海伦写信,”小姑娘回答。 “可是宝贝,”妈妈说,“你不知道怎么写。” 小姑娘继续用铅笔在纸上涂画,答道:“哦,海伦不认识字,所以会写不会写都一样。” 笑话3 一天,有个学校巡视员在视察一堂英语课时,发现有些学生拿不准像“receive”、“believe”和“ceiling”这些单词中的字母i和e什么在前,什么在后。他说:“同学们,我可以告诉你们一个规律。这个规律对我来说很管用。”学生们很感兴趣,甚至老师也急于想知道这个重要的规律。 巡视员接着说:“很简单: 把i和e写得很相像,然后在它们上面中间的地方点个点。” 1 inspector n.检查员,监察员,视察员 参考例句: The inspector was interested in everything pertaining to the school.视察员对有关学校的一切都感兴趣。 The inspector was shining a flashlight onto the tickets.查票员打着手电筒查看车票。 2 ceiling n.天花板;(规定价格、工资等的)最高限额 参考例句: It took more or less a whole day to paint the ceiling.粉刷天花板用了将近一整天的时间。 A fly is on the ceiling.一只苍蝇在天花板上。 3 works n.作品,著作;工厂,活动部件,机件 参考例句: We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。 The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。 4 alike adj.同样的,相像的;adv.一样地;同程度地 参考例句: The twins are so alike that I can't tell which is which.这对双胞胎一模一样,我分辨不出谁是谁。 All stories seemed dreadfully alike,no matter who told them.看来,不管谁讲,故事都是千篇一律的。 Things My Mother Taught Me How interesting is your life? The answer is how clever you are when you turn the dull routines1 of life into laughter. I learned2 the meanings of these words from my mother when I was a teenager. My Mother taught me to MEET A CHALLENGE ... "What were you thinking? Answer me when I talk to you ... Don's talk back to me! " My Mother taught me LOGIC3... "If you fall out off that swing and break your neck, you're not going to the store with me."My Mother taught me to THINK AHEAD... "If you don's pass your test, you'll never get into a university."My Mother taught me how to BECOME AN ADULT... "If you don's eat your vegetables, you'll never grow up." My Mother taught me about GENETICS... "You're just like your father." My Mother taught me about WISDOM OF AGE... "When you get to be my age, you will understand." And my all time favourite ... JUSTICE ... "One day you'll have kids, and I hope they turn out just like you ... Then you'll see what it's like. dull routines 枯燥的日常生活琐事 meet a challenge 迎接挑战 talk back 回嘴 logic 逻辑,逻辑学 university (综合)大学 genetics 遗传学 wisdom 智慧,学识 justice 公平,正义,公正 我妈妈教我的事情 你的生活有多少乐趣?答案在于,你是否能够聪明地把枯燥的生活琐事变成笑声。在十几岁时,我从妈妈那里知道了下面这些话的含义。 妈妈教会我迎接挑战……“你在想什么?我和你说话时要回答我……别顶嘴!” 妈妈教会我逻辑学……“如果你从秋千上掉下来摔断了脖子,你就不能和我一起去商店了。” 妈妈教我凡事要想在前面……“如果你通不过考试,你就上不了大学。” 妈妈教我如何成为一个大人……“如果你不吃蔬菜,你就长不大。” 妈妈教我遗传学……“你跟你爸爸一模一样。” 妈妈教我关于年龄的智慧……“当你到我这个年纪时,你会明白的。” 以及我一贯的最爱……公平……“有一天,你会有孩子,我希望他们像你一样……那样你就会明白怎么回事了。” 1 routines n.[计算机]程序( routine的名词复数 );例行公事;日常工作;固定节目 参考例句: The artists were going through their daily routines. 艺术家们正进行日常的练习活动。 来自《简明英汉词典》 Hospital routines for nurses are very rigid. 医院中护士的日常工作非常刻板。 来自辞典例句 2 learned adj.有学问的,博学的;learn的过去式和过去分词 参考例句: He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。 In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里,他被视为有学问的人。 3 logic n.逻辑(学);逻辑性 参考例句: What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑? I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$