2024-2025学年初高中衔接之状语从句课件

初高中衔接之状语从句 授课教师： 1.什么是状语? 副词 动词不定式 V-ing形式 He stood there , playing the guitar. 介词短语 He is lucky to have a big family. With the help of his family ancestors,he finds his way back home. He enters the world of undead accidently. 状语一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词、从句等充当。 状语从句 Although Mig’family has the strict tradition of fobidding learning music, he loves music. What is adverbial? 状语修饰_______、 ________、_____或___________。 动词 形容词 副词 整个句子 什么是状语从句? 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。 状语从句分类 1. 时间状语从句 2. 地点状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 条件状语从句 5. 让步状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 结果状语从句 8. 方式状语从句 9. 比较状语从句 表时间：在......之前 表地点：在......地方 表原因：因为......所以 表条件：如果 表让步：虽然......但是 表目的：为了 表结果：所以...... 表方式：就好像...... 表比较：比...... 一、时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, every time等引导。 e.g.1. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. 2.He started as soon as he received the news. 3.Once you see him, you will never forget him. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词和词组有where, wherever, everywhere 等。 【例句】 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成 Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. 二、地点状语从句 三、原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as 等。 e.g. 1. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position. 2. As it is raining, I will not go out. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词和词组有if, unless =if not(除非), as / so long as (只要)等。 四、条件状语从句 1. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 2. You can go out, as/so long as you promise to be back before eleven. 【例句】 五、让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由although, though, even if (though), whatever, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 e.g. 1. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 2. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 3. Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind. 六、结果状语从句 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由 so … that, such … that等引导。 e.g. 1. He was so excited that he could not say a word. 2. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 七、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。 e.g. 1. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. 2. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. 3. He left early in case he should miss the train. 八、方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。 e.g. 1. You must do the exercise as I show you. 2. He acted as if nothing had happened. 九、比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。 e.g. 1. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. 2. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. 3. The busier he is, the happier he feels. 使用状语从句时要注意的事项 在时间和条件从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来，即常说的“主将从现”。 e.g. 1. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 2. I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 知识检测 1. Peter can be really difficult at times ________ he’s a nice person in general. A. even if B. as though C. as if D. if only 2. ________ happens, you shouldn’t lose heart. A. Whatever it B. what no matter C. No matter it D. Whatever 3. ________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better. A. Now that B. Although C. Due to D. Despite 4. It was several minutes ______ we realized what was happening. A. since B. after C. before D. when 5. Mr. Black has been teaching English in a middle school _____ he came to China. A. right away B. ever since C. before long D. long before 6. No matter________the international situation changes, China-Peru relations have________a momentum of steady development and become the “front-runner” in China-Latin America relations. A. what … performed B. / … staged C. that … celebrated D. how … maintained 7. Adults, ________overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not. A. unless … but B. although … and C. when … where D. even if … unless 8. They raised money ______ the homeless children can have a shelter. A. in case B. in order to C. in order that D. now that 9. ________ difficult life is, we should believe in ourselves and believe that we can do something great. A. No matter what B. No matter how C. No matter which D. No matter who 10. We found that the habitat of polar bears is disappearing ________ the ice at the North Pole is getting warm. A. because B. because of C. for D. for which 参考答案 1. A 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：彼得有时真的很难缠，即使一般情况下他是一个很好的人。A. even if即使，尽管； B. as though似乎，好像； C. as if似乎，好像； D. if only要是...就好了。空前表示Peter有时候很难缠；空后句子表示他通常情况都是很好很和善的人，前后有转折关系，只有A项even if可以引导让步状语从句，符合题意。故选A项。 2. D 【解析】考查让步状语此句。句意：无论发生什么，你都不应该丧失信心。根据句子结构可知，此句是让步状语从句，引导词表示“无论什么”，作主语，故用Whatever或No matter what。故选D。 3. A 【解析】考查连词。句意：由于我的头脑清醒了，我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然；由于；B. although conj. 虽然；C. due to 由于；因为；D. despite prep. 尽管，虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要连词，表示“因为，由于”的意思，引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。 4. C 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：过了几分钟我们才意识到发生了什么。“it was+一段时间+before...”为固定句型，意为“过了多久……才……”。故选C。 5. B 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：自从布莱克先生来中国以来，他一直在一所中学教英语。A. right away立刻；B. ever since从……以来；C. before long不久以后；D. long before很久以前。根据“ has been teaching”可知，此处应用ever since，引导时间状语从句。故选B。 6. D 【解析】考查让步状语从句及动词词义辨析。句意：无论国际形势如何变化，中秘关系始终保持稳定发展势头，成为中拉关系的“领跑者”。分析句子可知，第一个空处引导让步状语从句，应使用副词修饰从句中动词changes，使用no matter how，意为“无论如何…….”；根据句意可知，关系应是“保持”稳定，perform意为“表演；执行”；stage意为“主办；演出”；celebrate意为“庆祝；祝贺”；maintain意为“保持；维持”，maintain符合句意。综上，故选D。 7. C 【解析】考查状语从句和定语从句。句意：当成年人过度关注名利时，有时看不到简单事物中的快乐，而孩子们则不会如此。A. unless … but 除非…… 但是；B. although … and 尽管……和；C. when … where 时候…… 哪里；D. even if … unless甚至……除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知，该句主句是 Adults, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things，其中间是一个时间状语从句，后面是一个定语从句；其中，时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”，应该用连接副词when引导；定语从句（simple things ________ children do not fail to see the joy）中先行词是simple things，在从句中做地点状语，应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。 8. C 【解析】考查目的状语从句。句意：他们筹集资金以便无家可归的孩子们能有一个庇护所。A. in case以防；B. in order to为了；C. in order that为了，以便；D. now that既然。分析句子可知，句子为目的状语从句，“in order that”意为“为了，以便”，引导从句，符合句意，“in order to”意为“为了”，后面不接句子，故空格处应填“in order that”。故选C项。 9. B 【解析】考查复合连词词义辨析。句意：无论生活多么艰难，我们都要相信自己，相信自己可以做一些伟大的事情。A.No matter what不管什么，无论什么；B. No matter how无论如何，不管如何；C. No matter which无论哪一个；D. No matter who无论谁，不管是谁。no matter how后面要接形容词。根据句子结构及句意可知，前半句为让步状语从句，设空处后接形容词，只能用No matter how。故选B项。    10. A 【解析】考查连词。句意：我们发现北极熊的栖息地正在消失，因为北极的冰正在变暖。分析句子结构可知，“We found that the habitat of polar bears is disappearing”是主句，“the ice at the North Pole is getting warm.”是状语从句，表示原因，且此句和上句“北极熊的栖息地正在消失”是因果关系，所以应用从属连词because来引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。because of，是介词短语，意为“因为”，但是后面接词或短语或what引导的名词性从句；for属于并列连词，由for引导的句子表示补充说明性的理由，不表示直接原因，所以此处不合语境；for which一般出现在定语从句中，也不符合，故选A。 $$