精品解析：北京市第一零一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期英语期中考试英语试题

2023至2024学年度第二学期高一英语期中考试听力部分。第一节听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。Text one. Hello, john. I heard you're planning to buy a car, are you? Yes, i've moved to a new apartment, which is far from the campus. Well, if you are seriously considering buying a car, i'm trying to get rid of mine. All IT needs some new paint. thanks, but most used cars end up being more trouble than their worth. Text too. Why are you leaving so early? The movie doesn't start till seven. You know, it's a nightmare on the expressway during rush hour. Okay, you are right. It's Better to wait at the cinema than in the traffic. Text three congratulations, I heard about your new job. Thanks nearly perfect for me. It's really interesting. The hours are ideal, and it's an easy walk from home, if only the pay, where half as good as everything else. Text for do you drive to the shopping center every day? No, I hardly . ever drive in the shopping center. now. I've moved to a new department, and IT is within walking distance. Well, you are lucky. The nearest store to me is about ten miles away. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍，听第五段材料，回答第五至第六两道小题。Text five, hey, could you help me get something from the top shelf, please? sure. What do you need? I needs some . paper for the printer. I'm not sure why it's all the way up. glared. It's usually on the . bottom shelf. No problem. Here you are. thanks. Have we met before? I've been here for almost three years, and I don't think i've seen you around here before. I am Betty, apple gate, mr. Wolf's assistant. Nice to meet you. Is apple gate. I miles chaplain. I just started in the accounting department last week. Hey, could you help me get something from the top shelf. please? sure. What do you need? I needs some paper for the printer. I'm not sure why it's all the way up. There is usually on the bottom shelf. No problem. Here you are. thanks. Have we met before? I ve been here for almost three years, and I don't think i've seen you around here before. I'm Betty apple gate. mr. Wolf assistant. Nice to meet you. Is apple gate I miles chain. I just started in the accounting department last week. 听第六段材料，回答第七至第八两道小题。Text six hello, David, will you be able to pick me up at the airport tomorrow? What time are you arriving? I will be arriving at four in the afternoon. I'm afraid I can't. I'll be in the conference from four thirty to five, but and will be available the whole day tomorrow. I'll ask her to pick you up. thanks. That doesn't SHE have to work tomorrow. No, SHE has quit her job. He wants to take a break and then . find a new one. SHE made a wise decision. Her job kept too busy. You're right, but the pay was good. Hello, David. will you be able to pick me up at the airport tomorrow? What time are you arriving? I will be arriving at four in the afternoon. I am afraid I can't. I'll be in the conference from four thirty to five, but and will be available the whole day tomorrow. I'll ask her to pick you up. thanks. That doesn't SHE have to work tomorrow. No, SHE has put her job. He wants to take a break and then . find a new one. SHE made a wise decision. Her job kept too busy. you're right, but the pay was good. 听第七段材料，回答第九至第十两道小题。Text, seven city service department marry chAmber speaking, how may I help you? Yes, i'm new to the city, and i'm trying to figure out how garbage and recycle collection work. It's my understanding that garbage is collected on wednesdays and recycle bls such as paper, plastic and glass, are collected on thursdays. Is that correct? No surge. The other way round. Recyclables are wednesday and barbares. thursday. You need to put your garbage can next to the road in front of your house by seven AM. Thursday, you should have two recycling containers, one for paper and cardboard and one for glass. Those need to be set in front of your house by seven AM. wednesday. On both those days, our pickup trucks will be there sometime between seven and five. Oh, I see. Thank you very much for your assistance. Just one more thing I heard that the city is going to start collecting yard way soon. Can you please tell . me about that city service department? Marry chAmbers speaking, how may I help you? Yes, i'm new to the city, and i'm trying to figure out how garbage and recycle collection work. It's my understanding that garbage is collected on wednesdays and recyclables such as paper and glass are collected on thursdays . is incorrect. No surge the other way round. Recycle les or wednesday and garbage thursday. You need to put your garbage can next to the road in front of your house by seven AM. thursday. You should have two recycling containers, one for paper and cardboard and one for glass. Those need to be set in front of your house by seven AM. wednesday. On both those days, our pick up trucks will be there sometime between seven and five. Oh, I see. Thank you very much for your assistance. Just one more thing, I heard that the city is going to start collecting yard way soon. Can you please tell me about that? 听第八段材料，回答第11至第十二两道小题。Text state anything interesting on the web today, dear? Well, yeah, there are a few here that might interest us. Here is one for just four hundred dollars. IT only has one bedroom, but that sounds nice. Nearly street. yeah. Let me see what the cheapest two bedroom apartment is. Oh, here is one on market street. It's a real bargain, only three hundred and fifty dollars, but IT doesn't have any furniture. Well, IT costs a lot to buy all the furniture. Oh, here is another one for just over four hundred dollars. This sounds very interesting. It's on south street. That's a nice area. Yes, it's quiet. Did you say two bedrooms? Yes, at four hundred fifteen dollars. Why don't we go and have a look? Okay, i'll give them a call. Anything interesting on the web today. dear? Well, yeah, there are a few here that might interest us. Here is one for just four hundred dollars. IT only has one bedroom, but that sounds nice near lake street. Yeah, let me see what the cheapest two bedroom apartment is. Oh, here is one on market street. It's a real bargain. Only three hundred and fifty dollars, but IT doesn't have any furniture. Who I like costs a lot to buy all the furniture. Oh, here is another one for just over four hundred dollars. This sounds very interesting. It's on south street. That's a nice area. Yes, it's quiet. Did you say two bedrooms? Yes, at four hundred fifteen dollars. Why don't we go and have a look? Okay, i'll give them a call. 听第九段材料，回答第13至第十四两道小题。Text nine well, ladies and gentlemen, that was our last item. The last thing I want to do is sincerely thank our performers for the pleasure they have given us tonight. And of course, I must express things to those who've work behind disease, and especially our producer. But most of all, I want to say thank you to all of you for coming here this evening and supporting this event, especially in such bad weather. I should take this opportunity to renew my sincere apologies to those sitting in the back roads. We've made some s to the roof, but unfortunately, the rain tonight was unexpectedly heavy, and we're grateful to you for your understanding and good sense of humor. IT is our hope that we will have another concert soon. Thank you. Well, ladies and gentlemen, that was our last item. The last thing I want to do is to sincerely think our performers for the pleasure they have given us tonight. And of course, I must express things to those who've worked behind disease, and especially our producer. But most of all, I want to say thank you to all of you for coming here this evening and supporting this event, especially in such bad weather. I should take this opportunity to renew my sincere apologies to those sitting in the back roads. We've made some repairs to the roof, but unfortunately, the rain tonight was unexpectedly heavy, and we're grateful to you for your understanding and good sense of humor. IT is our hope that we will have another concert soon. Thank you. 第三节听下面一段独白，完成第15至第十八四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间，这段独白你将听两遍。Text ten, you may be familiar with the model from the environmental movement. Reduce, reuse, recycle. You can do your part in environmental protection. Firstly, reduce your use of materials and energy. Bring a reusable bag with you shopping when buying produce at the grocery store, avoid packing the product in an extra plastic bag if IT isn't necessary, cut down on electricity use, turn off the T, V, computer or lights that aren't being used, and try to wash clothes by hand. Secondly, we use a variety of goods by and donate used clothing. When donate in clothes, make sure that everything is in good condition, avoid buying bottle water, IT is Greener to Carry and fill up your own reusable plastic bottles, blast jar, finally get into the recycling habits, shop for recycled products, check the labels of paper, plastic and metal products to see if they are made from recycled of materials, sort you are recyclable near your kitchen garbage can, arrange a separate washin, or bag the hold glass, plastic and metal recyclable materials. Being Green isn't time consuming. IT saves you money and gives you a sense of satisfaction for making environmentally friendly choices. You may be familiar with the model from the environmental movement, reduce, reuse, recycle. You can do your part in environmental protection. Firstly, reduce your use of materials and energy. Bring a reusable bag with you shopping when buying produce at the grocery store. Avoid packing the product in an extra plastic bag. If IT isn't necessary, cut down on electricity use, turn off the T, V, computer or lights that aren't being used, and try to wash clothes by hand. Secondly, we use a variety of goods by and donate used clothing when domine clothes, make sure that everything is in good condition, avoid buying bottled water, IT is Greener to Carry and fill up your own reusable plastic bottler glass jar. Finally, get into the recycling habits, shop for recycled products, check the labels of paper, plastic and metal products to see if they are made from recycled materials. Sort you are recyclable near your kitchen garbage can, arrange a separate whistle, bin or bag to hold class plastic and metal recyclable materials. Being Green isn't time consuming. IT saves you money and gives you a sense of satisfaction for making environmentally friendly choices. 北京一零一中学2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语 2024.04.23 （考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：120分） 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，共20分） 第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分） 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man probably do? A. Get a new car. B. Buy the woman’s car. C. Help the woman paint her car. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, John, I heard you’re planning to buy a car. Are you? M: Yes, I’ve moved to a new apartment, which is far from the campus. W: Well, if you are seriously considering buying a car, I’m trying to get rid of mine. All it needs is some new paint. M: Thanks, but most used cars end up being more trouble than they are worth. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is the man leaving early? A. He isn’t interested in the movie. B. He wants to stay out of the traffic jam. C. He doesn’t know the way to the theatre. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Why are you leaving so early? The movie doesn’t start till seven. M: You know it’s a nightmare on the expressway during rush hour. W: Okay, you are right. It’s better to wait at the cinema than in the traffic. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man dissatisfied with about his new job? A. The salary. B. The hours. C. The location. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Congratulations, I heard about your new job. M: Thanks, nearly perfect for me. It’s really interesting. The hours are ideal and it’s an easy walk from home. If only the pay were half as good as everything else. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the man usually get to the shopping center? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you drive to the shopping centre every day? M: No, I hardly ever drive to the shopping centre. Now I've moved to a new department and it is within walking distance. W: Well, you are lucky. The nearest store to me is about ten miles away. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 5. Where is the paper for the printer? A. On the bottom shelf. B. On the top shelf. C. On the floor. 6. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Boss and assistant. C. Salesman and customer. 【答案】5. B 6. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, could you help me get something from the top shelf, please? M: Sure, what do you need? W: I need some paper for the printer. I’m not sure why. It’s all the way up there. It’s usually on the bottom shelf. M: No problem, here you are. W: Thanks. Have we met before? I’ve been here for almost three years and I don’t think I’ve seen you around here before. I’m Betty Applegate, Mr Wolf’s assistant. M: Nice to meet you, Miss Applegate. I’m Miles Chaplin. I just started in the accounting department last week. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 7. Where will the man be at 4:45 pm tomorrow? A. In a meeting room. B. At the airport. C. In his car. 8. Why did Ann quit her job according to the woman? A. The pay was low. B. It wasn’t challenging. C. It took up much of her time. 【答案】7. A 8. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello David, will you be able to pick me up at the airport tomorrow? M: What time are you arriving? W: I will be arriving at four in the afternoon. M: I’m afraid I can’t. I’ll be in the conference from four thirty to five, but Anne will be available the whole day tomorrow. I’ll ask her to pick you up. W: Thanks, but doesn’t she have to work tomorrow? M: No, she has quit her job. She wants to take a break and then find a new one. W: She made a wise decision. Her job kept her too busy. M: You’re right, but the pay was good. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 9. What are the two speakers talking about? A. Waste collection. B. House cleaning. C. Building materials. 10. When is garbage collected? A. On Mondays. B. On Wednesdays. C. On Thursdays. 【答案】9. A 10. C 【解析】 【原文】W: City Service Department Mary Chamber’s speaking. How may I help you? M: Yes, I’m new to the city, and I’m trying to figure out how garbage and recycle collection work. It’s my understanding that garbage is collected on Wednesdays, and recyclables such as paper, plastic and glass are collected on Thursdays. Is that correct? W: No, sir, it’s the other way round. Recyclables are Wednesday and garbages Thursday. You need to put your garbage can next to the road in front of your house by seven a.m. Thursday. You should have two recycling containers, one for paper and cardboard and one for glass. Those need to be set in front of your house by seven a.m. Wednesday. On both those days, our pickup trucks will be there sometime between seven and five. M: Oh, I see. Thank you very much for your assistance. Just one more thing. I heard that the city is going to start collecting yard waste soon. Can you please tell me about that? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer? A. One near the market. B. One without furniture. C. One with two bedrooms. 12. How much might the speakers pay? A. $350. B. $415. C. $400. 【答案】11. C 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Anything interesting on the web today, dear? M: Well, yeah, there are a few here that might interest us. Here is one for just 400 dollars, it only has one bedroom, but it sounds nice near lake street. W: Yeah, let me see what the cheapest two bedroom apartment is. Oh, here is one on market street. It’s a real Bargain, only 350 dollars, but it doesn’t have any furniture. M: Well, it costs a lot to buy all the furniture. W: Oh, here’s another one for just over 400 dollars, this sounds very interesting. It’s on south street. That’s a nice area. M: Yes, it’s quiet. Did you say two bedrooms? W: Yes, at 415 dollars. M: Why don’t we go and have a look? W: Okay, I’ll give them a call. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Who might the speaker be? A. A performer in the concert. B. The producer of the concert. C. The organizer of the concert. 14. Why does the speaker apologize to those sitting at the back? A. Because they were standing in the rain. B. Because they had to work behind the scene. C. Because the performers didn’t have good sense of humor. 【答案】13. C 14. A 【解析】 【原文】Well, ladies and gentlemen, that was our last item. The last thing I want to do is to sincerely thank our performers for the pleasure they have given us tonight. And of course, I must express thanks to those who have worked behind the scenes and especially our producer. But most of all, I want to say thank you to all of you for coming here this evening and supporting this event, especially in such bad weather. I should take this opportunity to renew my sincere apologies to those sitting in the back rows. We’ve made some repairs to the roof, but unfortunately the rain to night was unexpectedly heavy and we’re grateful to you for your understanding and good sense of humor. It is our hope that we will have another concert soon. Thank you. 第三节 听取信息（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分） 听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入空格中。录音读两遍。注意：每空仅填一词。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Do Your Part in Environmental Protection Reduce your use of materials and energy ● Bring a ____15____ bag with you shopping ● Cut down on electricity use Reuse a variety of items ● Buy and donate used clothing ● ____16____ buying bottled water Get into the recycling ____17____ ● Shop for recycled products ● ____18____ your recyclables 【答案】15. reusable 16. Avoid 17. habits 18. Sort 【解析】 【原文】You may be familiar with the motto from the environmental movement. Reduce, reuse, recycle. You can do your part in environmental protection. Firstly, reduce your use of materials and energy. Bring a reusable bag with you shopping. When buying produce at the grocery store, avoid packing the product in an extra plastic bag if it isn’t necessary. Cut down on electricity use. Turn off the TV computer or lights that aren’t being used and try to wash clothes by hand. Secondly, reuse a variety of goods. Buy and donate used clothing. When donating clothes, make sure that everything is in good condition. Avoid buying bottled water. It is greener to carry and fill up your own reusable plastic bottle or glass jar. Finally, get into the recycling habits. Shop for recycled products. Check the labels of paper, plastic and metal products to see if they are made from recycled materials. Sort your recyclables. Near your kitchen, garbage can arrange a separate wain or bag to hold glass, plastic and metal recyclable materials. Being green isn’t time consuming. It saves you money and gives you a sense of satisfaction from making environmentally friendly choices. 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A mystery man, known as Benny, has been spreading happiness—one $100 bill at a time for more than three years in and around Salem, Oregon. He randomly ____19____ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers. When it appeared that others might be trying to copy him, he started ____20____ his bills. It is estimated that he has hidden more than $50,000 worth of $100 bills, and that’s only what has been reported. Some people have been ____21____ where the bills are found, and notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs. Those who find one all have a similar tale about being ____22____ when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something. It is ____23____ how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands. They have helped people pay their electric bill, make their rent, and even provide the homeless with ____24____ for a couple of nights. But the real magic of Benny is that more than half of the ____25____ report paying it forward to their favorite non-profit or a stranger in need. Some of the most heartwarming stories involve ____26____. Instead of shopping for toys, they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank. The bills are so ____27____ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses. It’s a ____28____, they say, to give and be like Benny. 19. A. covers B. buries C. hides D. stores 20. A. returning B. checking C. changing D. signing 21. A. keeping sight of B. keeping track of C. losing sight of D. losing track of 22. A. amazed B. impressed C. inspired D. amused 23. A. acceptable B. sensible C. admirable D. remarkable 24. A. food B. clothing C. shelter D. transport 25. A. finders B. sellers C. losers D. receivers 26. A. teachers B. children C. the elderly D. the disabled 27. A. protected B. recommended C. treasured D. expected 28. A. chance B. challenge C. record D. reminder 【答案】19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫本尼的神秘男子，三年多来一直在俄勒冈州塞勒姆及其周边地区传播快乐——一次一张100美元的钞票，他的行为不仅为很多人解决了困境，也激励了许多人效仿。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他随机地把钞票藏在商店里等着被发现，让毫无戒心的顾客惊喜不已。A. covers覆盖；B. buries埋葬；C. hides藏、隐藏；D. stores贮存。根据句中的“to be found”和下文中“It is estimated that he has hidden more than ￥50,000 worth”（据估计，他藏了价值超过5万美元的百元大钞）可知，本尼应该是把钞票藏到商店里让人们去找。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当发现其他人可能试图模仿他时，他开始在自己的钞票上签名。A. returning归还；B. checking检查；C. changing改变；D. signing签名。根据第三段“when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something.”（当一张印有“Benny”标志的100美元钞票从某种东西的包装里掉出来时）可知，为了防止被他人模仿，本尼在自己藏的钞票上都签上了“Benny”作为标记。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人一直在跟踪这些钞票的下落，并注意到他把它们留在了商店、市场和集市上。A. keeping sight of让……保留在视线内；B. keeping track of跟踪、记录；C. losing sight of看不见；D. losing track of失去消息。根据句中“notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs.”可知，一些人注意到了这些钞票被藏的位置，可见他们一直都在跟踪这些钞票的下落。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些找到钞票的人都有类似的故事，当一张印有“Benny”标志的100美元钞票从某种东西的包装里掉出来时，他们感到很惊讶。A. amazed惊讶的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. inspired得到激励的；D. amused好笑的。根据前文“notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs.”（注意到他把它们留在了商店、市场和集市上）和句中“falls out of the packaging of something.”可知，那些找到钞票的人应该是在商店、市场或集市上购物时，无意间发现钞票从包装里掉了出来的，应该感到很惊讶。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：值得注意的是，这些钞票似乎总是落到正确的人手里。A. acceptable可接受的；B. sensible明智的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. remarkable引人注目的、值得注意的。根据句中“how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands.”可知，这些钞票好像总是能被正确的有需要的人找到，这点应该是值得注意、引入注目的。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助人们支付电费，交房租，甚至为无家可归的人提供几个晚上的住所。A. food食物；B. clothing衣服；C. shelter住处、庇护处；D. transport运输。根据句中的“homeless”、“for a couple of nights”和句意可知，这些钱帮助人们解决了生活困难，为无家可归的人应该是提供了几个晚上的住处。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但本尼的真正魔力在于，超过一半的找到钞票的人报告说，他们把钱捐给了他们最喜欢的非营利组织或有需要的陌生人。A. finders发现者、找到者；B. sellers销售者；C. losers失败者；D. receivers收受者。根据前文“He randomly ____ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers.”（他随机地把钞票藏在商店里等着被发现，让毫无戒心的顾客惊喜不已。）和文章内容可知，应该是这些找到钞票的人中，有超过一半的报告说把钱给了他们最喜欢的非营利组织和有需要的陌生人。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些最暖心的故事与孩子有关。A. teachers教师；B. children孩子们；C. the elderly老年人；D. the disabled残疾人。根据下文“Instead of shopping for toys, they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank.”（他们决定为同学购买学习用品，或者为当地的食品库购买食品杂货，而不是购买玩具。）中的“toys”、“buy school supplies for their classmates”可知，这些暖心的故事应该是指一些找到钞票的孩子，他们没有用这些钱买玩具，而是为同学购买学习用品，或为当地的食品库购买杂货。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：找到这些钞票的人非常珍惜这些钞票，他们把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里。A. protected被保护；B. recommended被推荐；C. treasured被珍惜；D. expected被期待。根据句中“they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses”可知，他们把找到的钞票贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里保存，可见是非常珍惜的。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说，这是一个提醒，要给予，向本尼一样。A. chance机会；B. challenge挑战；C. record记录；D. reminder提醒。根据前文“The bills are so ____ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses.”（找到这些钞票的人非常珍惜这些钞票，他们把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里。）和本句中“to give and be like Benny”可知，找到钞票的人非常珍惜它们，把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里，以便随时可以看见，从而提醒自己也要像本尼一样学会给予。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Understanding the meaning of dreams is crucial for personal growth. In 2023, researchers ____29____ (conduct) an experiment to prove that dreams reflect our subconscious (潜意识的) thoughts and desires. Whether they are pleasant or nightmares, they all hold a message about our inner world. People regarding dreams ____30____ inspirations know that they can motivate us to achieve goals. Therefore, listening to ____31____ our dreams tell us might lead us to a better understanding of ourselves and a more fulfilling life. 【答案】29. conducted 30. as 31. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是理解梦的意义对个人成长的重要性。 【29题详解】 考查时态。句意：2023年，研究人员进行了一项实验，证明梦反映了我们潜意识的想法和欲望。由In 2023可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填conducted。 【30题详解】 考查介词。句意：把梦当作灵感的人知道梦可以激励我们实现目标。regard...as...是固定短语，意为“认为……是……”，因此空格处用介词as，故填as。 【31题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：因此，倾听我们的梦告诉我们的可能会让我们更好地了解自己，过上更充实的生活。“our dreams tell us”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“倾听我们的梦告诉我们的可能会让我们更好地了解自己，过上更充实的生活”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 B 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I'll never forget the time ____32____ my parents sent me to learn painting. Since I was very young, they ___33___(expect) that I could understand art and master one skill. This experience brings me the sense of art, ___34___ (allow) me to have my own understanding of art. Art is an important way to express people's opinion. For example, the difference between classical and ordinary paintings lies in the thoughts. The famous artists implant their ideas in the pictures, which ____35____(admit) by the public, so the value of arts can be seen. 【答案】32. When 33. have expected 34. allowing 35. are admitted 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者学习绘画的经历以及艺术对其产生的影响。 【32题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记父母送我去学画画的那个时候。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，需要一个关系副词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，并在从句中作时间状语。故填When。 【33题详解】 考查时态。句意：从我很小的时候起，他们就期望我能理解艺术并掌握一项技能。根据句中的时间状语“Since I was very young(从我很小的时候起)”，可知这里应该使用现在完成时来表达一个从过去持续到现在的情况。故填have expected。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这段经历给我带来了艺术的感觉，让我有了自己对艺术的理解。此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随的情况。allowing与句子的逻辑主语This experience之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 【35题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：著名的艺术家们将自己的想法植入画中，这些想法被公众所接受，因此可以看到艺术的价值。分析句子结构可知，ideas与admit之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are admitted。 C 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yellowstone National Park is the world’s first national park. It lies mainly on a broad plateau in the Rocky Mountains, ____36____(surround) by mountains from 3,048-4,267m high. The area, a huge crater like ___37___ (volcano) basin, is a geological hot spot responsible for several massive eruptions, the most recent occurring some 640,000 years ago. The park has a wide variety of flowers and other plant lives. Bears, mountain sheep, elk, bison, moose, many smaller animals, and more than 200 kinds of birds inhabit Yellowstone, which is one of the world’s ____38____(large) wildlife sanctuaries (保护区). 【答案】36. surrounded 37. volcanic 38. largest 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是黄石公园的特点和概况。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它主要位于落基山脉广阔高原上，周围群山环绕，海拔3048 - 4267米。句中谓语是lies，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填surrounded。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：该地区是一个像火山盆地一样的巨大火山口，是一个地质热点，曾发生过几次大规模喷发，最近一次发生在64万年前。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词basin，volcano的形容词是volcanic，意为“火山的”，故填volcanic。 【38题详解】 考查最高级。句意：黄石公园是世界上最大的野生动物保护区之一，这里栖息着熊、山羊、麋鹿、野牛、驼鹿、许多小型动物和200多种鸟类。由the world’s可知，空格处用最高级，large的最高级是largest，意为“最大的”，故填largest。 第三部分 阅读理解（共2节，共30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Growing up in an underdeveloped zone of Johannesburg, South Africa, Musa Motha says his surroundings weren’t exactly ideal. Soccer was his favorite sport, and he fondly remembers the times he played for the local youth team. But when he was 10 years old, he injured in his left leg. This changed everything. A bone marrow biopsy (骨髓活检) revealed Motha had osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer, in his left leg. While his soccer injury was not the cause, it did draw attention to the already-present cancer. He chose the amputation (截肢) and ever since that day, he decided he was going to approach life differently — more positively, he said. True to his word, Motha, now 26, can be seen twirling (转动) across stages around the world. He first encountered dance at a neighborhood party, where he asked a friend to teach him some modified moves. “Then I danced the whole night,” he recalled. His talents did not go unnoticed; he began appearing in South African TV ads and shows. He even appeared in Drake’s One Dance music video. Motha thinks that representation needs to extend beyond the performing arts. “The more we can see the disabled person in multiple aspects of life, such as helicopter pilots, engineers, chefs, choreographers and professors, the greater hope we can hold onto for a society where no one is on the margins,” he said. That’s Motha’s dream as well. Though he said that dance gave him “a purpose”, he added “I don’t want to see myself as a dancer only.” He wants to create a space for other people with disabilities to go outside their comfort zone — from soccer to singing. He feels that greater representation will create more opportunities and inclusion, paving the way for people with disabilities to shine. “Instead of telling a so b story, I find that the most beautiful stories are after the amputation,” Motha said. He encourages others with disabilities that they, too, can do everything: “There’s a whole lot of things that you can overcome and that actually define how strong you are.” 39 What caused the discovery of Motha’s cancer? A. The terrible living environment. B. The routine medical examination. C. The accidental injury in his left leg. D. The high amputation of his left leg. 40. Why does Motha refuse to see himself as a dancer only? A. To indicate that dance is no longer his favorite. B. To inspire the disabled to go beyond themselves. C. To stress he hasn’t gone outside his comfort zone. D. To show off his talents in more aspects of his life. 41. Which of the following can best describe Motha? A. Brave and humorous. B. Friendly and sociable. C. Humble and creative. D. Optimistic and ambitious. 【答案】39. C 40. B 41. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫Musa Motha的人在自己确诊骨肉瘤之后积极对待生活，选择了走上跳舞的舞台的故事。在有了自己的成功之后，他希望能够鼓励更多的残疾人走出舒适圈，展现自己的能力，得到社会的认可。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But when he was 10 years old, he injured in his left leg. This changed everything. (但是当他10岁的时候，他的左腿受伤了。这改变了一切。)”和第二段中的“A bone marrow biopsy (骨髓活检) revealed Motha had osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer, in his left leg. (骨髓活组织检查显示，Motha的左腿患有骨肉瘤，这是一种骨癌。)”可知，Motha10岁时左腿受伤，在左腿检查时发现了骨癌。因此，他的疾病是因为他左腿受伤后做检查时发现的，是一个意外的发现。故选C项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Though he said that dance gave him “a purpose”, he added “I don’t want to see myself as a dancer only.” He wants to create a space for other people with disabilities to go outside their comfort zone—from soccer to singing. (虽然他说舞蹈给了他一个“目标”，但他补充说：“我不想把自己仅仅看作一个舞者。”他想为其他残疾人创造一个走出舒适区的自由空间——从踢足球到唱歌。)”可知，Motha拒绝把自己只是看作一个舞者是因为他想激励其他残疾人走出舒适圈，超越自己。故选B项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“He chose the amputation(截肢) and ever since that day, he decided he was going to approach life differently—more positively, he said. (他选择了截肢，从那天起，他决定要以不同的方式对待生活——更积极地，他说。)”可知，他选择了截肢，并决定积极地生活，这体现了他的勇敢乐观；文章最后一段中的“He wants to create a space for other people with disabilities to go outside their comfort zone—from soccer to singing. He feels that greater representation will create more opportunities and inclusion, paving the way for people with disabilities to shine. (他想为其他残疾人创造一个空间，走出他们的舒适区——从足球到唱歌。他认为，更大的代表性将创造更多的机会和包容，为残疾人的闪耀铺平道路。)”可知，这体现了他的抱负。选项D“Optimistic and ambitious. (乐观又有志向)”符合对他的描述。故选D项。 B On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 42. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect. C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment. 43. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________. A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent 44. What did the follow-up study focus on? A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members. C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates. 45. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. 【答案】42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and come to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. (从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的)”和第三段的“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. (这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? (在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. (尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。 【点睛】 C Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, what’s less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it. People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increases susceptibility to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk. Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while others are unable to respond behaviorally at all. It’s not yet clear how these varying reactions manifest (呈现) on a population level and how they’re influencing humanity’s response to climate change. However, a recent survey of nearly 200 people found that, while climate anxiety was associated with an emotional response to climate change, it was not correlated with a behavioral response. If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints. We can’t let climate anxiety stop us from responding to climate change, because now, more than ever, we need action, not inaction. 46. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A. Mental illness may increase the risk of climate anxiety. B. Reducing energy consumption can help treat depression. C. Failure to handle climate anxiety may cause depressive symptoms. D. The influence of climate anxiety on mental illness can be measured. 47. The underlined phrase “secondary to” in Paragraph 3 probably means . A. as a result of B. less important than C. as serious as D. regardless of 48. Which of the following might be effective in helping the anxious overcome climate anxiety? A. Publicizing the latest research on climate anxiety. B. Funding studies into cognitive-behavioral therapies. C. Delivering speeches to anxious people on a regular basis. D. Informing the public of practical ways to live a greener life. 49. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To reveal consequences of climate anxiety. B To show new findings about climate anxiety. C. To compare climate anxiety and mental illness. D. To demand care for those experiencing climate anxiety. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状，并呼吁我们关心那些经历气候焦虑的人。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms.”（在美国2018年公布的一项针对340多人的调查中，对气候的担忧与抑郁症状有关。生态应对，包括减少能源消耗等有利于环境的行为，似乎对抑郁症有保护作用，这表明气候担忧和处理这些问题的不当方法可能导致抑郁症。）可知，对气候的担忧与抑郁症状有关，气候担忧和处理这些问题的不当方法可能导致抑郁症。由此可知，通过前两段的内容我们可以得知，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状。故选C项。 【47题详解】 词义猜测题。上文介绍了未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状，根据第三段关键句“Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change.”（毋庸置疑，在基准状态下对环境问题更为关注的人和那些已经经历了气候变化直接影响的人中，气候焦虑似乎出现的比例更高。）可知，后文介绍的是由于气候变化，哪些人更容易患上气候焦虑。由此可知，画线短语所在句提出的问题是“由于气候变化的不确定性，谁更容易患上精神疾病呢？”“as a result of”意为“由于”，符合句意，能够表示画线短语的意思。故选A项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints.”（如果这对整个人类来说是真的，我们必须紧急地帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人。成功地做到这一点需要许多方法，例如向受影响最严重的人提供认知行为疗法，并向全体民众表明，通过各组织更好地宣传为减少碳足迹所作的富有成效的努力，改变是可能的。）可知，要想帮助我们中间气候焦虑的人，可以通过向全体民众宣传减少碳足迹的方式，改变是可能的。由此可知，可能有效帮助焦虑者克服气候焦虑的方法是让公众知道如何过上更环保的生活。故选D项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状。根据最后一段关键句“If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us.”（如果这对整个人类来说是真的，我们必须紧急地帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人。）可知，作者在文章中呼吁人们必须紧急地帮助我们中间有气候焦虑的人。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们关心那些经历气候焦虑的人。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People Who Can’t Count A recent study has discovered that dyscalculia, the mathematical inability in reading, affects about 5% of children in Britain. There is no simple way of finding out the reason and kids with this learning disability are usually labelled unintelligent. So what exactly is this learning disability in mathematics? Unlike most people, dyscalculics cannot recognise three or four objects. ____50____ For example, they need to count the books on the table before they can say how many there are. In other words, they have to count them one by one. This is where they are different from others. The majority of us, if shown three or four similar things, can immediately recognise them. ____51____ They cannot understand, for instance, why two and three makes five. Another problem is not being able to tell which group contains more objects than the other. Experiments have proved that dyscalculics have not developed the part of the brain responsible for processing numbers. There are also problems with the abstract concept of time for dyscalculics. ____52____ If your best friend is always late, he might be suffering from dyscalculia. Dyscalculics cannot keep track of time, and they never know how much time they have spent getting ready and how long it will take them to get to work. In addition, research has shown that dyscalculics behave oddly in social situations. ____53____ This poor ability can explain why they never know how much change they are due or what kind of budget they need for their holiday. On the other hand, dyscalculics are very good at creative arts. People suffering from dyscalculia can become painters or poets. Dyscalculia does not seem to delay language acquisition. Dyscalculic children acquire language at the same time as, if not earlier than, most children and have no problem learning to read or write. ____54____ A. Dyscalculics have difficulties in using numbers at all. B. This disability scares children away from learning mathematics. C. They would ask for a phone number again and again before writing it down. D. They have to go through the routine of counting even a small number of objects. E. They never know how much they should tip the waiter or they’ve got left after a shopping trip. F. We can see that dyscalculia is only a learning disability, not a general indication of intelligence. G. This can account for their difficulty in reading schedules and remembering the order in which things have happened. 【答案】50. D 51. A 52. G 53. E 54. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对计算障碍患者的特征进行了介绍，并表明这只是一种学习障碍，而不是智力的普遍表现。 【50题详解】 根据后文“For example, they need to count the books on the table before they can say how many there are.(例如，他们需要数一数桌子上的书，然后才能说出有多少本书。)”可知，此处是指即使数量很少他们也必须数过才知道，D选项“They have to go through the routine of counting even a small number of objects.(他们必须经过一个例行程序，即使是数一小部分的物体。)”说明他们连一点东西都要数一下，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。 【51题详解】 根据后文“They cannot understand, for instance, why two and three makes five.(例如，他们不能理解为什么二加三等于五。)”可知，此处是指计算障碍患者在计算方面有困难，所以选项A“Dyscalculics have difficulties in using numbers at all.(计算障碍患者在使用数字方面有困难。)”说明了计算障碍患者在使用数字方面有困难，因此引起下文，符合语境。故选A。 【52题详解】 根据前文“There are also problems with the abstract concept of time for dyscalculics.(对于非计算学来说，抽象的时间概念也存在问题。)”可知，空格处应该说时间观念存在问题会导致什么问题，G选项“This can account for their difficulty in reading schedules and remembering the order in which things have happened.(这可以解释他们在阅读时间表和记住事情发生的顺序方面的困难。)”说明了在时间观念存在问题会导致他们在阅读时间表和记住事情发生的顺序方面的困难，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 【53题详解】 前文“In addition, research has shown that dyscalculics behave oddly in social situations.(此外，研究表明，计算障碍患者在社交场合的行为很奇怪。)”，空格处应该说具体的奇怪的行为，E选项“They never know how much they should tip the waiter or they’ve got left after a shopping trip.(他们永远不知道应该给服务员多少小费，或者他们购物后还剩下多少钱。)”是在社交场合的奇怪的行为，且后文“This poor ability can explain why they never know how much change they are due or what kind of budget they need for their holiday.(这种糟糕的能力可以解释为什么他们从不知道他们应该找多少零钱，也不知道他们的假期需要什么样的预算。)”也是和算钱有关的内容，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【54题详解】 根据前文“On the other hand, dyscalculics are very good at creative arts. People suffering from dyscalculia can become painters or poets. Dyscalculia does not seem to delay language acquisition. (另一方面，非计算型的人很擅长创造性艺术。患有计算障碍的人可以成为画家或诗人。计算障碍似乎不会延迟语言习得。)”可知，计算障碍并不意味着智力低下。所以选项F“We can see that dyscalculia is only a learning disability, not a general indication of intelligence.(我们可以看到，计算障碍只是一种学习障碍，而不是智力的一般表现。)”说明了计算障碍不是智力的一般表现，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 第四部分：基础知识（共两节，15分） 第一节 单词拼写（请用五、六、七单元学过的单词的适当形式填空，共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 55. The bad weather increases the danger of their __________ (探险). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】exploration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：恶劣的天气增加了他们探险的危险。根据汉语提示“探险”可知，应用名词exploration，作of的宾语。故填exploration。 56. The old woman continued to do cooking d__________ her age of 90. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 【答案】despite##espite 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：这位老妇人虽然已经90岁了，但仍继续做饭。由“The old woman continued to do cooking”和“her age of 90”可知，句子表示“这位老妇人虽然已经90岁了，但仍继续做饭”，空格处意为“尽管”，由首字母提示d可知，应填介词despite“尽管”。故填despite。 57. She stood there,__________(犹豫) over whether or not to tell him the truth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】hesitating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她站在那里，犹豫着是否要告诉他真相。“犹豫”是hesitate，句中谓语是stood，空格处用非谓语动词，she和hesitate之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填hesitating。 58. Mary was a__________ the first prize for her remarkable performance last term. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 【答案】awarded##warded 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：玛丽因上学期出色的表现而获得一等奖。由the first prize可知，句子表示“玛丽因上学期出色的表现而获得一等奖”，空格处意为“授予”，由首字母提示a可知，是award，玛丽是被授予一等奖，因此句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，故填awarded。 59. When it comes to maintaining a relationship, nothing but __________ (真诚) matters most. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sincerity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：要维持一段关系，最重要的是真诚。根据空前短语nothing but“只有”可知，空处位于介词“but”之后应为名词，作but的宾语，并与nothing but共同作为句子的主语；sincerity表示“真诚”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填sincerity。 60. S__________ such heavy loss in the hurricane, the farmer didn’t expect to have a good harvest. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Suffering##uffering 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在飓风中损失如此惨重，农民没有料到会有一个好收成。由“such heavy loss in the hurricane”可知，句子表示“在飓风中损失如此惨重，农民没有料到会有一个好收成”，空格处意为“遭受”，由首字母提示S可知，是suffer，句中谓语是didn’t expect，空格处用非谓语动词，主语the farmer和suffer之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Suffering。 61. We have various duties at different s__________ of our life, for example, enriching our knowledge during youth. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 【答案】stage##tage 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我们生命的不同阶段，我们有各种各样的职责，例如，在年轻时丰富我们的知识。本空用名词stage“阶段”，由句意及different可知此处应用名词复数形式stages，作at的宾语。故填stages。 62. His unusual use of color has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have a__________ his sense of sight. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】affected##ffected 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他对色彩的不同寻常的运用使得专家们认为梵高的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。根据“may have”可知，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，表示对过去动作的推测；根据首字母提示和句意，affect为动词，表示“影响”，符合句意。故填affected。 63. In the near future we can live in a smart home that can __________(综合) computers into the structure of the building itself. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】integrate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在不久的将来，我们可以生活在一个智能家居中，它可以将计算机并入到建筑物本身的结构中。根据“can”可知，空处应用动词原形；integrate为动词，表示“综合、合并”，动词短语integrate...into意为“使……并入”，符合句意。故填integrate。 64. Inspired by his s__________ with deafness, Beethoven produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera! (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】struggles##truggles 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在与耳聋斗争的鼓舞下，贝多芬创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响曲，五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！根据“by his”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据首字母提示，struggle表示“斗争、搏斗”，为可数名词，结合句意和常识，应用复数形式，表示多次的斗争。故填struggles。 第二节 完成句子（请用五、六、七单元学过的短语完成，共5小题；每小题1分，共5分） 65. 昨天冷气坏掉，所以我没有睡好。 The air conditioner __________ yesterday, so I did not sleep well. 【答案】broke down 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“坏掉”应用break down，根据后文did可知为一般过去时。故填broke down。 66. 不久前某一天，我偶然发现了这些旧照片。 I came across these old photos __________. 【答案】the other day 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。“不久前某一天”用the other day。故填the other day。 67. 大自然受到了伤害，感受到了痛苦，最终背弃了我们。 Nature got hurt, felt pain, and finally __________. 【答案】turned its back on us 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“背弃了我们”，可用动词短语turn one’s back on表示“背弃，放弃”，主语是Nature，one’s需变为its，“我们”应用代词us，且根据“got”可知，时态为一般过去时，turn应用过去式的形式。故填turned its back on us。 68. 当她看到那只大白鲨时，她发出恐惧的叫喊。 She __________ of terror when she spotted the white shark. 【答案】let out a scream 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“发出叫喊”，“发出”是let out，“叫喊”是a scream，由when she spotted可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，因此空格处是let out a scream。故填let out a scream。 69. 由于天气很冷，所以我们无法去植树。 __________ the extreme cold, we were unable to plant the trees. 【答案】Due to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。“由于”用固定短语due to表示，首字母大写。故填Due to。 第五部分：书面表达（共两节，25分） 第一节 阅读与表达（共4小题，第69、70、71小题各2分，第72小题4分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Do We Need Art in Our Lives No one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives? In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead? It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them. Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it. Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day. So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression. 70. Why do some schools drop art? __________________________________________________________________________________ 71. From which three aspects can art benefit our lives? __________________________________________________________________________________ 72. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We need art in our lives but art only exists in galleries and theatres. __________________________________________________________________________________ 73. Explain how art benefits you by giving an example. (About 40 words) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】70. Because time and money is at a premium / limited. 71. Art has a lot of practical uses; it gives people insight into the world; it gives people a form of self-expression. 72. We need art in our lives but art only exists in galleries and theatres. According to the passage, art is much more accessible. It is part of our life. So art is everywhere not just in galleries and theatres. 73. Art eases stress and fosters self-expression. When I feel overwhelmed, I often turn to painting. Creating art allows me to channel my emotions into something tangible, which not only improves my mood but also gives me a sense of accomplishment. 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是一篇议论文。本文讨论的是艺术在人们生活中的必要性，提出了艺术对于个人和社会的重要性，并反驳了一些常见的反对意见。通过列举艺术的实际用途和价值，文章试图说服读者相信艺术不仅仅是一种奢侈品，而是日常生活不可或缺的一部分。 【70题详解】 考查推理判断。由文章第二段中的“In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. (在学校里，时间和金钱是非常重要的，现在比以往任何时候都重要。老师们每天都要上这么多课，很容易理解为什么艺术越来越被搁置在一边。)”可知，有些学校放弃艺术，是因为时间和金钱是宝贵的或者说有限的。故答案为：Because time and money is at a premium / limited. 【71题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第三段中的“There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them. (实际上，对很多人来说，艺术有很多实际用途。例如，艺术疗法已经帮助患有一系列精神和身体疾病的人应对他们的症状。在家里，艺术几乎随处可见。实用的物品，如床罩、家具或衣服，本身都是艺术形式，并能激发与之互动的人的情感。)”第四段中的“Art also gives us insight into the world. (艺术也让我们洞察世界。)”、第五段中的“Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. (最重要的是，我们在生活中需要艺术，因为它给了我们一种自我表达的形式。)”可知，艺术能从以下三个方面有益于我们的生活：艺术有很多实际用途；它让人们洞察世界；它给了人们一种自我表达的形式。故答案为：Art has a lot of practical uses; it gives people insight into the world; it gives people a form of self-expression. 【72题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中的“Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression. (艺术实际上更容易接近，而且是日常生活中真正需要的。它帮助那些需要帮助的人，让未来的人们了解生活是什么样的，是自我表达的一种重要形式。)”可知，艺术很容易获得。这是我们生活的一部分。因此，艺术无处不在，而不仅仅是画廊和剧院。故答案为：We need art in our lives but art only exists in galleries and theatres. According to the passage, art is much more accessible. It is part of our life. So art is everywhere not just in galleries and theatres. 【73题详解】 开放性问题，言之有理即可。例如：艺术可以缓解压力，促进自我表达。当我感到不知所措时，我经常转向绘画。创作艺术让我能够将情感转化为有形的东西，这不仅改善了我的情绪，也给了我一种成就感。故答案为：Art eases stress and fosters self-expression. When I feel overwhelmed, I often turn to painting. Creating art allows me to channel my emotions into something tangible, which not only improves my mood but also gives me a sense of accomplishment. 第二节 应用文写作（共15分） 74. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你们学校正举办主题为“An Admirable Person In My Eyes”的英文征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.人物简介及事迹 2.对你的影响 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.题目已为你写好。 An Admirable Person in My Eyes I consider ... a respectable person. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 An Admirable Person in My Eye I consider Zhong Nanshan a respectable person. He has become a household name for his great contributions to defeating virus. He is a leading figure in the battles against SARS in 2003 and COVID in 2019, winning him the worldwide respect. Every time I see the pictures, in which he is fighting to save people’s lives, I cannot help being moved by him. What impresses me most is that aged 84, he rushed to the front line of the epidemic area without hesitation at the beginning of the outbreak of COVID 19. Dangerous though it was, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates worked hard day and night to treat the patients infected with COVID 19. With their efforts, remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control. Influenced by him, I have made up my mind to be a doctor in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇短文投稿，介绍一位自己敬佩的人物及其对自己的影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 人物：figure → person 显著的：remarkable → outstanding 影响：influence → impact 决定：make up one’s mind to do→ be determined to do 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：With their efforts, remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control. 拓展句：It was with their efforts that remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Every time I see the pictures, in which he is fighting to save people’s lives, I cannot help being moved by him. (运用了every time引导的时间状语从句、介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】With their efforts, remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control. (运用了一般过去时的被动语态) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京一零一中学2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语 2024.04.23 （考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：120分） 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，共20分） 第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分） 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man probably do? A. Get a new car. B. Buy the woman’s car. C. Help the woman paint her car. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is the man leaving early? A. He isn’t interested in the movie. B. He wants to stay out of the traffic jam. C. He doesn’t know the way to the theatre. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man dissatisfied with about his new job? A. The salary. B. The hours. C. The location. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the man usually get to the shopping center? A By bus. B. On foot. C. By car. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 5. Where is the paper for the printer? A. On the bottom shelf. B. On the top shelf. C. On the floor. 6. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Boss and assistant. C. Salesman and customer. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 7. Where will the man be at 4:45 pm tomorrow? A. In a meeting room. B. At the airport. C. In his car. 8. Why did Ann quit her job according to the woman? A. The pay was low. B. It wasn’t challenging. C. It took up much of her time. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 9. What are the two speakers talking about? A Waste collection. B. House cleaning. C. Building materials. 10 When is garbage collected? A. On Mondays. B. On Wednesdays. C. On Thursdays. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer? A. One near the market. B. One without furniture. C. One with two bedrooms. 12. How much might the speakers pay? A. $350. B. $415. C. $400. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Who might the speaker be? A. A performer in the concert. B. The producer of the concert. C. The organizer of the concert. 14. Why does the speaker apologize to those sitting at the back? A. Because they were standing in the rain. B. Because they had to work behind the scene. C. Because the performers didn’t have good sense of humor. 第三节 听取信息（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分） 听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入空格中。录音读两遍。注意：每空仅填一词。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Do Your Part in Environmental Protection Reduce your use of materials and energy ● Bring a ____15____ bag with you shopping ● Cut down on electricity use Reuse a variety of items ● Buy and donate used clothing ● ____16____ buying bottled water Get into the recycling ____17____ ● Shop for recycled products ● ____18____ your recyclables 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A mystery man, known as Benny, has been spreading happiness—one $100 bill at a time for more than three years in and around Salem, Oregon. He randomly ____19____ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers. When it appeared that others might be trying to copy him, he started ____20____ his bills. It is estimated that he has hidden more than $50,000 worth of $100 bills, and that’s only what has been reported. Some people have been ____21____ where the bills are found, and notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs. Those who find one all have a similar tale about being ____22____ when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something. It is ____23____ how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands. They have helped people pay their electric bill, make their rent, and even provide the homeless with ____24____ for a couple of nights. But the real magic of Benny is that more than half of the ____25____ report paying it forward to their favorite non-profit or a stranger in need. Some of the most heartwarming stories involve ____26____. Instead of shopping for toys, they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank. The bills are so ____27____ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses. It’s a ____28____, they say, to give and be like Benny. 19. A. covers B. buries C. hides D. stores 20. A. returning B. checking C. changing D. signing 21. A. keeping sight of B. keeping track of C. losing sight of D. losing track of 22. A. amazed B. impressed C. inspired D. amused 23. A. acceptable B. sensible C. admirable D. remarkable 24. A. food B. clothing C. shelter D. transport 25. A. finders B. sellers C. losers D. receivers 26. A. teachers B. children C. the elderly D. the disabled 27. A. protected B. recommended C. treasured D. expected 28. A. chance B. challenge C. record D. reminder 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Understanding the meaning of dreams is crucial for personal growth. In 2023, researchers ____29____ (conduct) an experiment to prove that dreams reflect our subconscious (潜意识的) thoughts and desires. Whether they are pleasant or nightmares, they all hold a message about our inner world. People regarding dreams ____30____ inspirations know that they can motivate us to achieve goals. Therefore, listening to ____31____ our dreams tell us might lead us to a better understanding of ourselves and a more fulfilling life. B 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I'll never forget the time ____32____ my parents sent me to learn painting. Since I was very young, they ___33___(expect) that I could understand art and master one skill. This experience brings me the sense of art, ___34___ (allow) me to have my own understanding of art. Art is an important way to express people's opinion. For example, the difference between classical and ordinary paintings lies in the thoughts. The famous artists implant their ideas in the pictures, which ____35____(admit) by the public, so the value of arts can be seen. C 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yellowstone National Park is the world’s first national park. It lies mainly on a broad plateau in the Rocky Mountains, ____36____(surround) by mountains from 3,048-4,267m high. The area, a huge crater like ___37___ (volcano) basin, is a geological hot spot responsible for several massive eruptions, the most recent occurring some 640,000 years ago. The park has a wide variety of flowers and other plant lives. Bears, mountain sheep, elk, bison, moose, many smaller animals, and more than 200 kinds of birds inhabit Yellowstone, which is one of the world’s ____38____(large) wildlife sanctuaries (保护区). 第三部分 阅读理解（共2节，共30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Growing up in an underdeveloped zone of Johannesburg, South Africa, Musa Motha says his surroundings weren’t exactly ideal. Soccer was his favorite sport, and he fondly remembers the times he played for the local youth team. But when he was 10 years old, he injured in his left leg. This changed everything. A bone marrow biopsy (骨髓活检) revealed Motha had osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer, in his left leg. While his soccer injury was not the cause, it did draw attention to the already-present cancer. He chose the amputation (截肢) and ever since that day, he decided he was going to approach life differently — more positively, he said. True to his word, Motha, now 26, can be seen twirling (转动) across stages around the world. He first encountered dance at a neighborhood party, where he asked a friend to teach him some modified moves. “Then I danced the whole night,” he recalled. His talents did not go unnoticed; he began appearing in South African TV ads and shows. He even appeared in Drake’s One Dance music video. Motha thinks that representation needs to extend beyond the performing arts. “The more we can see the disabled person in multiple aspects of life, such as helicopter pilots, engineers, chefs, choreographers and professors, the greater hope we can hold onto for a society where no one is on the margins,” he said. That’s Motha’s dream as well. Though he said that dance gave him “a purpose”, he added “I don’t want to see myself as a dancer only.” He wants to create a space for other people with disabilities to go outside their comfort zone — from soccer to singing. He feels that greater representation will create more opportunities and inclusion, paving the way for people with disabilities to shine. “Instead of telling a so b story, I find that the most beautiful stories are after the amputation,” Motha said. He encourages others with disabilities that they, too, can do everything: “There’s a whole lot of things that you can overcome and that actually define how strong you are.” 39. What caused the discovery of Motha’s cancer? A. The terrible living environment. B. The routine medical examination. C. The accidental injury in his left leg. D. The high amputation of his left leg. 40. Why does Motha refuse to see himself as a dancer only? A. To indicate that dance is no longer his favorite. B. To inspire the disabled to go beyond themselves. C. To stress he hasn’t gone outside his comfort zone. D. To show off his talents in more aspects of his life. 41. Which of the following can best describe Motha? A. Brave and humorous. B. Friendly and sociable. C. Humble and creative. D. Optimistic and ambitious. B On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 42. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect. C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment. 43. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________. A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent 44. What did the follow-up study focus on? A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members. C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates. 45 What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. C Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, what’s less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it. People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increases susceptibility to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk. Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while others are unable to respond behaviorally at all. It’s not yet clear how these varying reactions manifest (呈现) on a population level and how they’re influencing humanity’s response to climate change. However, a recent survey of nearly 200 people found that, while climate anxiety was associated with an emotional response to climate change, it was not correlated with a behavioral response. If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints. We can’t let climate anxiety stop us from responding to climate change, because now, more than ever, we need action, not inaction. 46. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A. Mental illness may increase the risk of climate anxiety. B. Reducing energy consumption can help treat depression. C. Failure to handle climate anxiety may cause depressive symptoms. D. The influence of climate anxiety on mental illness can be measured. 47. The underlined phrase “secondary to” in Paragraph 3 probably means . A. as a result of B. less important than C. as serious as D. regardless of 48. Which of the following might be effective in helping the anxious overcome climate anxiety? A. Publicizing the latest research on climate anxiety. B. Funding studies into cognitive-behavioral therapies. C. Delivering speeches to anxious people on a regular basis. D. Informing the public of practical ways to live a greener life. 49. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To reveal consequences of climate anxiety. B. To show new findings about climate anxiety. C. To compare climate anxiety and mental illness. D. To demand care for those experiencing climate anxiety. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People Who Can’t Count A recent study has discovered that dyscalculia, the mathematical inability in reading, affects about 5% of children in Britain. There is no simple way of finding out the reason and kids with this learning disability are usually labelled unintelligent. So what exactly is this learning disability in mathematics? Unlike most people, dyscalculics cannot recognise three or four objects. ____50____ For example, they need to count the books on the table before they can say how many there are. In other words, they have to count them one by one. This is where they are different from others. The majority of us, if shown three or four similar things, can immediately recognise them. ____51____ They cannot understand, for instance, why two and three makes five. Another problem is not being able to tell which group contains more objects than the other. Experiments have proved that dyscalculics have not developed the part of the brain responsible for processing numbers. There are also problems with the abstract concept of time for dyscalculics. ____52____ If your best friend is always late, he might be suffering from dyscalculia. Dyscalculics cannot keep track of time, and they never know how much time they have spent getting ready and how long it will take them to get to work. In addition, research has shown that dyscalculics behave oddly in social situations. ____53____ This poor ability can explain why they never know how much change they are due or what kind of budget they need for their holiday. On the other hand, dyscalculics are very good at creative arts. People suffering from dyscalculia can become painters or poets. Dyscalculia does not seem to delay language acquisition. Dyscalculic children acquire language at the same time as, if not earlier than, most children and have no problem learning to read or write. ____54____ A. Dyscalculics have difficulties in using numbers at all. B. This disability scares children away from learning mathematics. C. They would ask for a phone number again and again before writing it down. D. They have to go through the routine of counting even a small number of objects. E. They never know how much they should tip the waiter or they’ve got left after a shopping trip. F. We can see that dyscalculia is only a learning disability, not a general indication of intelligence. G. This can account for their difficulty in reading schedules and remembering the order in which things have happened. 第四部分：基础知识（共两节，15分） 第一节 单词拼写（请用五、六、七单元学过的单词的适当形式填空，共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 55. The bad weather increases the danger of their __________ (探险). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. The old woman continued to do cooking d__________ her age of 90. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 57. She stood there__________(犹豫) over whether or not to tell him the truth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. Mary was a__________ the first prize for her remarkable performance last term. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 59. When it comes to maintaining a relationship, nothing but __________ (真诚) matters most. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. S__________ such heavy loss in the hurricane, the farmer didn’t expect to have a good harvest. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 61. We have various duties at different s__________ of our life, for example, enriching our knowledge during youth. (根据汉首字母单词拼写) 62. His unusual use of color has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have a__________ his sense of sight. (根据首字母单词拼写) 63. In the near future we can live in a smart home that can __________(综合) computers into the structure of the building itself. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 64. Inspired by his s__________ with deafness, Beethoven produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera! (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节 完成句子（请用五、六、七单元学过的短语完成，共5小题；每小题1分，共5分） 65. 昨天冷气坏掉，所以我没有睡好。 The air conditioner __________ yesterday, so I did not sleep well. 66. 不久前某一天，我偶然发现了这些旧照片。 I came across these old photos __________. 67. 大自然受到了伤害，感受到了痛苦，最终背弃了我们。 Nature got hurt, felt pain, and finally __________. 68. 当她看到那只大白鲨时，她发出恐惧的叫喊。 She __________ of terror when she spotted the white shark. 69. 由于天气很冷，所以我们无法去植树。 __________ the extreme cold, we were unable to plant the trees. 第五部分：书面表达（共两节，25分） 第一节 阅读与表达（共4小题，第69、70、71小题各2分，第72小题4分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Do We Need Art in Our Lives No one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives? In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead? It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them. Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it. Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day. So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression. 70. Why do some schools drop art? __________________________________________________________________________________ 71. From which three aspects can art benefit our lives? __________________________________________________________________________________ 72. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We need art in our lives but art only exists in galleries and theatres. __________________________________________________________________________________ 73. Explain how art benefits you by giving an example. (About 40 words) __________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 应用文写作（共15分） 74. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你们学校正举办主题为“An Admirable Person In My Eyes”的英文征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.人物简介及事迹 2.对你的影响 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.题目已为你写好。 An Admirable Person in My Eyes I consider ... a respectable person. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $