精品解析：新疆墨玉县第二高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期11月月考英语试题

墨玉教育2023-2024学年第一学期月考试卷 高二年级 英语 (时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 注意：所有试题在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15个小题;每小题2分，共30分) A Four Self-Portraits (自画像) by Famous Artists Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)—“Self-Portrait”, 1506 One of the beautiful self-portraits by famous artist Raphael was drawn at the age of 23. It measures around 45cm×33cm and is located at the world-famous Uffizi Gallery. The Italian painter used oil on board to draw his self-portrait, which was the clearest and the most recognizable self-portraits of Raphael himself. Leonardo da Vinci—“Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”, 1512 “Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”is a self-portrait of da Vinci at the age of 60 and measures around 33.3cm×21.6cm, which is on display in Biblioteca Reale, Turin, Italy. It is drawn with red chalk on paper and represents the head of an elderly man in a three-quarter view. In the portrait, the length of the hair is uncommon in Renaissance (文艺复兴) portraits. Rembrandt van Rijn—“Self-Portrait with Beret and Turned-up Collar”, 1659 Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn painted his self-portrait in 1659 when he was 53 years old. It shows his worried expression that clearly portrays the troubled condition of his mind at that point of his life since the year 1659 was a year of anxiety for him. This self-portrait found its place among the Benjamin Altman Collection, which has been exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art since 1913. Edgar Degas—“Degas Au Porte-Fusain’”, l855 Edgar Degas made this self-portrait only when he was twenty-one years old. It was one of the most remarkable of his fifteen self-portraits. Degas was seated as seemingly without fear and anxiety. The pose in the painting was formal and academic. The painting is located in the musée d’Orsay, Paris, France. 1. Where should visitors go if they want to admire Raphael’s self-portrait in 1506? A. Uffizi Gallery. B. Biblioteca Reale. C. The musée d’Orsay. D. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2. Which aspect of Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk was special during the Renaissance? A. The red clothing. B. The formal pose. C. The long hair. D. The worried expression. 3. Which painter was the youngest when painting the above-mentioned self-portraits? A. Raphael. B. Edgar Degas. C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Rembrandt van Rijn. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了著名艺术家们的四幅自画像。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)部分“It measures around 45cm×33 m and is located at the world-famous Uffizi Gallery.( 它的尺寸约为45cm×33 m，位于世界著名的乌菲齐美术馆。)”可知，如果游客想欣赏拉斐尔1506年的自画像，可以去乌菲齐美术馆。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Leonardo da Vinci部分“In the portrait, the length of the hair is uncommon in Renaissance (文艺复兴) portraits.(在这幅画中，头发的长度在文艺复兴时期的肖像画中是罕见的。)”可知，文艺复兴时期的《红色粉笔人的肖像》的特别之处在于画像中人的长头发。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题，根据Edgar Degas部分“Edgar Degas made this self-portrait only when he was twenty-one years old.(埃德加·德加在21岁时才画了这幅自画像。)以及Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)部分中“One of the beautiful self-portraits by famous artist Raphael was drawn at the age of 23. (著名画家拉斐尔的一幅美丽的自画像是他23岁时画的。)”以及Leonardo da Vinci部分中““Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”is a self-portrait of da Vinci at the age of 60 (《画红粉笔的人》是达・芬奇60岁时的自画像)”以及Rembrandt van Rijn部分中“Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn painted his self-portrait in 1659 when he was 53 years old. (1659年，荷兰画家伦勃朗·凡·莱因在53岁时画了这幅自画像。)”可知，在画自己的肖像画时，埃德加·德加21岁时才画了这幅自画像，是四个画家中最年轻的。故选B。 B After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing. Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities. Every four-square-metre room provides a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains (窗帘) for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. But there’s no shower. Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code (二维码) for use. A refundable deposit (可退还的押金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes. The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan. However, the idea of the shared fitness experience is not totally new. Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings. The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident people are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Centre published a report which says that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP. 4. What makes the shared gym room different from the common one? A. Sharing open spaces. B. Providing free training courses. C. Holding one person at a time. D. Having some advanced equipment. 5. What do people need to do to use the shared gym room? A. Pay 100 yuan first. B. Book a room ahead of time. C. Have a shower before exercise. D. Let down curtains for privacy. 6. What is the author’s attitude towards China’s sharing economy? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Worried. D. Positive. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce shared gym rooms. B. To praise a technology company. C. To support the idea of sharing gym rooms. D. To tell the future of shared gym rooms. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国出现的新兴产业：共享健身房以及共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法和这个项目的创立过程等。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.(与那些为众多会员提供宽敞公共空间供其同时使用的普通健身房不同，新建成的共享健身房房间则较小，是供个人使用的独立房间，通常设置在居民区附近)”可知，共享健身房不同于普通健身房，它一次容纳一个人。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code (二维码) for use.(与使用共享自行车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序找到共享健身房的位置，提前预订房间，然后需要扫描二维码才能使用)”可知，人们需要提前预订房间才能使用共享健身房。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China.(共享经济在中国仍十分流行)”以及本段中作者引用国家信息中心的预测数据来证明自己的观点，共享经济在中国的发展前景很好。由此推知，作者对中国共享经济的态度是积极的。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.(在自行车和雨伞在全中国实现了共享使用之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，于是共享健身房在北京市的街头也出现了)”可知，文章介绍了在中国出现的新兴产业：共享健身房以及共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法和这个项目的创立过程等。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选A。 C Most people will rest and relax when they are old. They do not work. But Grandma Moses is different. She started a new job at the age of 70. She was born in a poor farmer’s family in 1860. Her parents named her Anna Mary Robertson. She married Thomas Moses in 1887. He was a farm worker. It was 1930. Anna’ Mary Moses was 70, and was a grandmother. She began to paint pictures. She did paintings of country life. One day, her daughter took her paintings to a store in the town. Her paintings were put in the window. A man from New York saw the paintings in the window and bought them. And he wanted more! The man liked Grandma Moses’s paintings. He wanted to help her. So he took her paintings to galleries(美术馆) in New York City. Otto Kallir had a famous gallery there. He liked the paintings by Grandma Moses. It was 1940 and Grandma Moses’ paintings were in Kallir’s gallery. She was 80 years old. Grandma Moses suddenly became famous. Everyone wanted her paintings. So she painted more and more. She won many prizes for her paintings. She became famous in the United States and Europe. When she was 100 years old, the State of New York made her birthday “Grandma Moses’ Day”, After her 100th birthday, she painted 6 more paintings. She died at the age 101 and a lot of people thought she was amazing. 8. When did Grandma Moses start to paint pictures? A. At the age of 70. B. In the year 1887. C. In the year 1940. D. At the age of 80. 9. Grandma Moses’ paintings were first bought by A. her daughter B. Otto Kallir’s gallery C. a man from New York D. the owner of a store in town 10. When were her paintings on exhibition(展出)? A. When she was 70. B. When she was 1010 C. When she was 80. D. When she was 101. 11. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Moses’ Day B. Grandma Moses and Her Paintings C. Grandma Moses’ Family D. Grandma Moses and New York State 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了摩西奶奶70岁开始学画画，她的作品被人们争相购买，变得越来越出名的故事。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It was 1930. Anna’ Mary Moses was 70,and was a grandmother. She began to paint pictures. (那是1930年。安娜·玛丽·摩西今年70岁，已经是祖母了。她开始画画)”可知，摩西奶奶在她70岁的时候开始画画。故答案为A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“A man from New York saw the paintings in the window and bought them. (一个来自纽约的人看到橱窗里的画就把它们买了下来)”可知，第一个买下摩西奶奶画的人是一位来自纽约的男士。故答案为C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“ It was 1940 and Grandma Moses’ paintings were in Kallir’s gallery. She was 80 years old. (那是1940年，摩西奶奶的画在Kallir的画廊里。那时她80岁了)”，可知在摩西奶奶80岁的时候，她的画被放在画廊里展览。故答案为C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。本篇文章主要介绍了摩西奶奶70岁开始学画画，她的作品被人们争相购买，变得越来越出名的故事。所以B选项“摩西奶奶和她的画”贴合文章标题。故答案为B。 D Leonardo da Vinci (列奥纳多·达·芬奇) is most famous for his paintings, especially the Mona Lisa. The woman in the painting is best known for her mysterious smile. But who was she? Experts say she was Lisa di Antonio Maria di Noldo Gherardini, the third wife of a nobleman (贵族) from Florence. He invited Leonardo to paint the portrait (肖像). Leonardo started to work on this painting in 1503.At this time “Mona Lisa” was 24 years old. He worked on the portrait for the next four years. However, Leonardo didn’t sell the painting, and when he left Florence in 1507, he kept it for himself. Why? Several believe it was because he had never managed to finish it on time, while others say he had fallen in love with the painting. The Mona Lisa spent the next few hundred years traveling around the world. Leonardo finally sold the painting to King Francis I of France, who put it in his castle at Amboise. After the French revolution, the painting ended up in the Louvre. Napoleon took it away and hung it up in his bedroom. When Napoleon was driven away, the Mona Lisa returned once again to the Louvre. On 21st August, 1911, the Mona Lisa was stolen by an Italian thief, who took the painting to Italy. It appeared two years later in Florence and was taken back to the Louvre. An acid (酸) attack in 1956 damaged the lower half of the painting, and the repair work took several years. In the 60s and 70s, the Mona Lisa was on show in New York, Tokyo and Moscow. Today the painting is behind bullet-proof glass in the Louvre once again, and is no longer allowed to travel. Her journey is over. 12. What can we learn about the Mona Lisa from Paragraph Two? A. Leonardo da Vinci finished the painting when he was 24 years old. B. Leonardo da Vinci kept the painting for himself due to his love for it. C. It was probably a portrait of the wife of a nobleman from Florence. D. A young woman from Florence asked Leonardo da Vinci to draw the painting. 13. What happened to the Mona Lisa after Leonardo finally sold it? A. It was sent to the Louvre immediately after that. B. It took people two years to repair the painting suffering an acid attack. C. Napoleon once took it from the Louvre for himself. D. It has been on show around the world since the 1960s. 14. How many times was it mentioned that the Mona Lisa was brought to the Louvre before 1956? A. Two times. B. Three times. C. Four times D. Five times. 15. The passage is probably taken from . A. a magazine B. a news report C. a travel brochure D. a science book 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莱昂纳多·达·芬奇最著名的作品《蒙娜丽莎》，它的创作的过程，以及它在法国大革命期间几经流转，最后回到卢浮宫。现在，它已经不被允许带出卢浮宫进行巡展了。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“Experts say she was Lisa di Antonio Maria di Noldo Gherardini, the third wife of a nobleman (贵族) from Florence.(专家称她是利萨·迪安东尼奥·玛丽亚·迪诺尔多·格拉迪尼，一位贵族的第三任妻子，来自佛罗伦萨)”可知，这可能是一位来自佛罗伦萨的贵族的年轻妻子的肖像。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句话“After the French revolution, the painting ended up in the Louvre. Napoleon took it away from there and hung it up in his bedroom.(法国大革命后，这幅画最终在卢浮宫展出。拿破仑把它从那里拿走，挂在卧室里)”可知，它被拿破仑从卢浮宫拿到了自己的家里。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The Mona Lisa spent the next few hundred years traveling around the world. Leonardo finally sold the painting to King Francis I of France, who put it in his castle at Amboise.(在接下来的几百年里，《蒙娜丽莎》周游世界。达·芬奇最终把这幅画卖给了法国国王弗朗西斯一世，他把它放在了自己位于昂布瓦兹的城堡里)”，“After the French revolution, the painting ended up in the Louvre. Napoleon took it away and hung it up in his bedroom.(法国大革命后，这幅画被送到了卢浮宫。拿破仑把它拿走，挂在自己的卧室里)”和“On 21st August, 1911, the Mona Lisa was stolen by an Italian thief, who took the painting to Italy. It appeared two years later in Florence and was taken back to the Louvre.( 1911年8月21日，一名意大利小偷偷走了《蒙娜丽莎》，并将这幅画带到了意大利。两年后，它出现在佛罗伦萨，被带回卢浮宫)”可知，在1956年以前《蒙娜丽莎》被提到三次。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了莱昂纳多·达·芬奇最著名的作品《蒙娜丽莎》，它的创作的过程，以及它在法国大革命期间几经流转，最后回到卢浮宫。现在，它已经不被允许带出卢浮宫进行巡展了。由此推知，这篇文章可能出自一本杂志。故选A。 第二节 七选五(共5个小题;每小题2分，共10分) How to Sleep Better at Night As we all know, a good sleep helps us relax and it also makes us energetic again. However, some of us have trouble with sleep at night. Lack (缺少) of sleep can cause illnesses. How can we improve our night’s sleep?____16____. ● Take exercise during the day ___17___. It can reduce stress and help us feel more relaxed. But don’t take exercise right before bedtime as exercise can make us too excited to fall asleep. ● Don’t use electronic products before bedtime Before bedtime, some of us have a habit of using electronic products to surf the Internet, listen to music or watch movies. It’s bad for our health to do these activities before bedtime.____18____. Experts suggest we should stop using electronic products at least an hour before we go to bed. ●____19____ When we sleep with lights on, our brain will think it’s still daytime. It will take us longer time to fall asleep and we will rest less. So it’s wise to sleep with lights off. ● Keep worries away Some of us have difficulty in falling asleep because of worries. Instead of lying awake, we can write down the things that make us worried and make a list of things to do.____20____. A. Don’t sleep with lights on B. Don’t make any noise at night C. Here are some tips to improve it D. Taking exercise is good for our sleep E. There is no way to solve all these problems F. In this way we can keep worries away and sleep better G. These activities will keep our brain active and prevent sleep 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法，能够帮助我们改善夜间睡眠。 【16题详解】 根据空前“How can we improve our night’s sleep?(我们如何改善夜间睡眠呢？)”以及下文内容可知，空处应该回答空前问题，且引出下文。选项C“Here are some tips to improve it (这里有一些改进它的建议)”首先回答了空前问题，同时引出下文的各种改善夜间睡眠的方法，承上启下。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据空后内容“It can reduce stress and help us feel more relaxed.(它可以减轻压力，帮助我们感觉更放松)”可知，下文提到了“它”的好处。选项D“Taking exercise is good for our sleep(锻炼对我们的睡眠有好处)”提到了锻炼对睡眠有好处，其中的“taking exercise”即下文中的“it”，与下文内容一致。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据空前内容“Before bedtime, some of us have a habit of using electronic products to surf the Internet, listen to music or watch movies. It’s bad for our health to do these activities before bedtime.(睡前，我们中的一些人有使用电子产品上网，听音乐或看电影的习惯。睡前做这些活动对我们的健康有害)”可知，作者认为睡前使用电子产品上网对我们的健康有害。选项G“These activities will keep our brain active and prevent sleep(这些活动将使我们的大脑保持活跃，无法入睡)”是上文内容的延续，指的是睡前使用电子产品对睡眠的影响。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“When we sleep with lights on, our brain will think it’s still daytime. It will take us longer time to fall asleep and we will rest less. So it’s wise to sleep with lights off.(当我们开着灯睡觉时，我们的大脑会认为现在还是白天。我们会花更长的时间入睡，我们会休息得更少。所以关灯睡觉是明智的)”可知，作者在本段中建议我们睡觉时不要开灯。选项A“Don’t sleep with lights on(不要开着灯睡觉)”与本段内容相一致。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Some of us have difficulty in falling asleep because of worries. Instead of lying awake, we can write down the things that make us worried and make a list of things to do.(我们中的一些人因为担心而难以入睡。与其躺着睡不着，我们可以把让我们担心的事情写下来，列出要做的事情)”可知，作者建议我们因为担心而难以入睡时，可以把担心的事情写下来，并列出要做的事情。选项F“In this way we can keep worries away and sleep better(这样我们就可以远离烦恼，睡得更好)”是上文内容的延续，指出当我们写下担心的事情和要做的事情后，我们就会远离烦恼，而这也与本段小标题“keep worries away”相一致。故选F。 第二部分 词汇运用(共三节，满分70分) 第一节 完形填空(共15个小题;每小题2分，共30分) You may have noticed some changes in your grandparents. As they get old, they start ___21___things. And the older they get, the ___22___things they will forget. For example, they may not be able to___23___ where they left their glasses, or they may forget the names of their close friends. If you don’t want to ___24___ memories very early, put down your sandwiches. A new study published in a science magazine shows that cutting calories can ___25___ people’s (especially the old people’s) memory. Calorie restriction(热量限制) let lab animals live longer. And these ___26___ animals seemed to be ___27___. But it wasn’t clear ___28___it was the same with people. In the latest___29___ , scientists asked 50 elderly women to ___30___ the number of calories they consumed(吃，喝) by a third. After three months, the ___31___found that the women were not only ___32___ , but they were better than they had been at___33___ words—they remembered more words than ever, which suggested that keeping calories under ___34___ could help keep the brain _____35_____ . In a word, the less you eat, the more you will remember. 21. A. missing B. understanding C. forgetting D. loving 22. A. less B. more C. farther D. deeper 23. A. remember B. leave C. find D. believe 24. A. get B. close C. practice D. lose 25. A. reduce B. improve C. test D. damage 26. A. little B. happy C. dangerous D. hungry 27. A. healthier B. weaker C. higher D. better 28. A. what B. why C. whether D. how 29. A. magazine B. match C. study D. exercise 30. A. put B. cut C. increase D. take 31. A. researchers B. farmers C. teachers D. postmen 32. A. fatter B. higher C. shorter D. thinner 33. A. writing B. memorizing C. recognizing D. drawing 34. A. control B. limit C. reduction D. repair 35. A. weak B. tired C. fit D. hard 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述研究证明减少卡路里摄入可以提高人们（尤其是老年人）的记忆力。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，他们开始忘记事情。A. missing想念；B. understanding理解；C. forgetting忘记；D. loving爱。由下文“they will forget”可知，这里讲老年人容易“忘记”事情。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们年纪越大，就会忘记更多的事情。A. less更少的；B. more更多的；C. farther更远的；D. deeper更深的。由下文“they will forget”以及语境可知，这里表示年龄越大，忘的事情越“多”。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，他们可能记不起把眼镜忘在哪里了，或者他们可能忘记了亲密朋友的名字。 A. remember记住；B. leave离开；C. find找到；D. believe相信。由下文“they may forget ”可知，这里也表示他们不能“记住”他们眼镜放哪里了。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不想很早就失去记忆，那就放下你的三明治。A. get得到；B. close闭合；C. practice实践；D. lose失去。由下文“memories very early”以及语境可知，这里表示不想过早“失去”记忆。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项发表在科学杂志上的新研究表明，减少卡路里摄入可以提高人们（尤其是老年人）的记忆力。A. reduce减少；B. improve提高；C. test测试；D. damage损坏。由下文“they remembered more words than ever”可知，减少卡路里摄入可以“提高”人们的记忆力。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些饥饿的动物似乎更健康。A. little小的；B. happy快乐的；C. dangerous危险的；D. hungry感到饿的。由上文“Calorie restriction”可知，由于限制了能量，所以动物应该并不是很饱，是“饥饿的”状态。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些饥饿的动物似乎更健康。A. healthier更健康的；B. weaker较弱的；C. higher较高的；D. better较好的。由上文“let lab animals live longer”可知，饥饿的动物更活得更久，更“健康一些”。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：但目前还不清楚人们是否也是如此。A. what什么；B. why为什么；C. whether是否；D. how怎样。由上文“it wasn’t clear”以及结合语境可知，这里表示还不清楚“是否”人们也是如此情况。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一项研究中，科学家要求50名老年女性将她们消耗的卡路里数量减少三分之一。A. magazine杂志；B. match比赛；C. study研究；D. exercise运动。由下文“scientists asked 50 elderly women to 　10　 the number of calories they consumed(吃，喝) by a third. ”可知，这里是科学家们在做的一个“研究”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一项研究中，科学家要求50名老年女性将她们消耗的卡路里数量减少三分之一。A. put放；B. cut切割，消减；C. increase增加；D. take拿。由上文“Calorie restriction”可知，这里应是“消减”所消耗的卡路里。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，研究人员发现，这些女性不仅更瘦，而且在记忆单词方面比以前更好——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多，这表明控制热量可以帮助大脑保持活力。A. researchers研究人员；B. farmers农民；C. teachers教师；D. postmen邮递员。由上文“scientists asked 50 elderly women to 　10　 the number of calories they consumed(吃，喝) by a third. ”可知，这里应指包括科学家在内的“研究人员”。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，研究人员发现，这些女性不仅更瘦，而且在记忆单词方面比以前更好——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多，这表明控制热量可以帮助大脑保持活力。A. fatter更胖的；B. higher较高的；C. shorter较短的；D. thinner更瘦的。由上文“scientists asked 50 elderly women to 　10　 the number of calories they consumed(吃，喝) by a third. ”以及常识可知，减少卡路里摄入，所以人应该“更瘦”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，研究人员发现，这些女性不仅更瘦，而且在记忆单词方面比以前更好——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多，这表明控制热量可以帮助大脑保持活力。A. writing写作；B. memorizing记忆；C. recognizing识别； D. drawing绘画。由下文“They remembered more words than ever”可知，他们在“记忆”单词方面更好。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，研究人员发现，这些女性不仅更瘦，而且在记忆单词方面比以前更好——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多，这表明控制热量可以帮助大脑保持活力。A. control控制；B. limit极限；C. reduction减少；D. repair修理。由上文“Calorie restriction”可知，这里表示让卡路里在“控制”下。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，研究人员发现，这些女性不仅更瘦，而且在记忆单词方面比以前更好——她们记住的单词比以往任何时候都多，这表明控制热量可以帮助大脑保持活力。A. weak弱的；B. tired疲劳的；C. fit健康的；D. hard坚固的。由上文“they remembered more words than ever”可知，减少卡路里摄入可以让大脑更“健康”。故选C项。 第二节 选用适当的单词或短语补全句子(共10个小题;每小题2分，共20分) 选词填空 in response to, rely on, in reward for, straight away, decide on 36. I realized ______ that I have made a serious mistake. 37. You should ______ a good regular time for studying. 38. I’m writing this letter ______ your demand for torch bearers of the Winter Olympic Games. 39. When things go wrong, you need to ______ that power to keep your confidence. 40. It is unfair that he gets very little ______ his hard work. 【答案】36. straight away 37. decide on 38. in response to 39. rely on 40. in reward for 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查副词短语。句意：我立刻意识到我犯了一个严重的错误。根据“realized”和“that I have made a serious mistake”可知，此处表示立刻意识到，故填straight away。 【37题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：你应该确定一个固定的好的学习时间。根据“a good regular time for studying”可知，此处表示决定学习时间，should后接动词原形，故填decide on。 【38题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：我写这封信是回应你对冬奥会火炬手的要求。根据“your demand for torch bearers of the Winter Olympic Games”可知，此处表示回应你的要求，故填in response to。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当事情出错时，你需要依靠那种力量来保持你的信心。根据“that power to keep your confidence”可知，此处表示依靠那种力量，填rely on，need后接不定式作宾语，故填rely on。 【40题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：他努力工作却得到很少的回报，这是不公平的。根据“gets very little”和“his hard work”可知，此处表示努力工作的回报很少，故填in reward for。 选词填空 realist, influence, subjective, client, precise 41. It’s not clear ______ how the accident happened. 42. There were some extraordinarily ______ paintings of Europe on display. 43. She is one of the most ______ figures in art magazines. 44. In my view, taste in art is essentially ______. 45. Social workers must consider the best interests of their ______ in every situation. 【答案】41. precisely 42. realistic 43. influential 44. subjective 45. clients 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：事故究竟是怎么发生的还不清楚。空处应用副词，修饰“how the accident happened”，表示究竟是如何发生的。precisely意为“准确地，恰好地”。故填precisely。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：展出了一些非常写实的欧洲油画。根据“paintings of Europe”可知，此处是指写实的欧洲油画，所以应用形容词realistic，意为“栩栩如生的，逼真的”，作定语。故填realistic。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她是艺术杂志界最有影响力的人物之一。根据“figures in art magazines”可知，此处是指艺术杂志界最有影响力的人物之一，所以应用形容词influential，意为“有影响力的”，作定语。故填influential。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在我看来，艺术品味本质上是主观的。根据“taste in art”可知，此处是指艺术品味本质上是主观的，所以应用形容词subjective，意为“主观的”，作表语。故填subjective。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：社会工作者在任何情况下都必须考虑客户的最大利益。根据“the best interests of their”可知，此处是指客户的最大利益。client意为“客户”，为可数名词，此处是指很多客户，所以应用复数形式。故填clients。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, health is very important. Only when we are ____46____ (health) can we study well and enjoy life. However, ____47____ (much) teenagers don’t pay any attention to their health, ____48____ (especial) during the holiday. And they spend too much time ____49____ (watch) TV, playing games and chatting on the Internet all night, ____50____ is bad for their health. First, this may make them get near-sighted. Besides, their ____51____ (body) become much weaker. Thirdly, they will lose the chance to communicate with others face ____52____ face as they never go out, which may have a bad effect on their mental health. In ____53____ (I) opinion, they should spend less time in front of the TV or the computer. Go out ____54____ (take) some exercise, play some sports and visit some friends and have _____55_____ healthy lifestyle. 【答案】46. healthy 47. many 48. especially 49. watching 50. which 51. bodies 52. to 53. my 54. to take 55. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年在假期的不健康生活方式并给出建议。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：只有当我们健康的时候，我们才能好好学习，享受生活。提示词作表语，表明主语we的状态，用形容词healthy，意为“健康的”。故填healthy。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，许多青少年不注意自己的健康，尤其是在假期。修饰可数名词复数，用形容词many，意为“许多”；much修饰不可数名词。故填many。 【48题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，许多青少年不注意自己的健康，尤其是在假期。修饰介词短语during the holiday，用副词especially，作状语，意为“尤其是”。故填especially。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们花太多的时间看电视，玩游戏，整夜在网上聊天，这对他们的健康有害。spend some time (in) doing...是固定搭配，意为“花时间做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填watching。 【50题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他们花太多的时间看电视，玩游戏，整夜在网上聊天，这对他们的健康有害。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词将“花太多的时间看电视，玩游戏，整夜在网上聊天”这件事情代入定语从句作主语，用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 【51题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：此外，他们的身体变得更弱。body是可数名词，作主语，结合形容词性物主代词their和谓语动词become可知，主语是复数名词。故填bodies。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：第三，他们将失去与他人面对面交流的机会，因为他们从不出门，这可能对他们的心理健康有不好的影响。face to face是固定短语，意为“面对面”。故填to。 【53题详解】 考查代词。句意：在我看来，他们应该花更少的时间在电视或电脑前。in one’s opinion是固定短语，用形容词性物主代词my作定语。故填my。 【54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：出去锻炼一下，做一些运动，拜访一些朋友，有一个健康的生活方式。“(take) some exercise”是“Go out”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to take。 【55题详解】 考查冠词。句意：出去锻炼一下，做一些运动，拜访一些朋友，有一种健康的生活方式。可数名词lifestyle在句中表示“一种生活方式”，泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，同时空格后单词healthy是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 写作(满分15分) 56. 你在北京的英国朋友Tom非常喜欢中国绘画。请你根据以下信息，给Tom写信，告诉他近期将要举办的一个画展，并建议他去参观。 1. 时间：5月10日到25日 2. 地点：中国美术馆 3. 内容：张大千100多幅绘画作品 4. 画家简介：中国20世纪国画大师，擅长多种画法，在山水画方面卓有成就。 注意：1. 词数不少于50。 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 4. 参考词汇：landscape 山水画；山水画法 Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I know you love Chinese paintings. Here is a piece of good news for you. There will be an exhibition of Zhang Daqian’s paintings at the National Art Museum of China from May 10st to 25th. As you know, Mr. Zhang, one of the most famous Chinese painters of the 20th century, was a master at many types of painting, especially landscapes. The coming exhibition will be composed of more than 100 of his masterpieces. I believe it will be a great time for all his fans. Don’t miss it. If you need further information, just let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给在北京的英国朋友Tom写信，告诉他近期将要举办的一个画展，并建议他去参观。 【详解】1.词汇积累 展览：exhibition→display 有名的：famous→well-known 由……组成：be composed of→be made up of 多于：more than→over 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The coming exhibition will be composed of more than 100 of his masterpieces. 拓展句：The coming exhibition will be composed of more than 100 of his masterpieces which will definitely impress you. 【点睛】[高分句型1] There will be an exhibition of Zhang Daqian’s paintings at the National Art Museum of China from May 10st to 25th. (运用了there be结构) [高分句型2] I believe it will be a great time for all his fans. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 墨玉教育2023-2024学年第一学期月考试卷 高二年级 英语 (时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 注意：所有试题在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15个小题;每小题2分，共30分) A Four Self-Portraits (自画像) by Famous Artists Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)—“Self-Portrait”, 1506 One of the beautiful self-portraits by famous artist Raphael was drawn at the age of 23. It measures around 45cm×33cm and is located at the world-famous Uffizi Gallery. The Italian painter used oil on board to draw his self-portrait, which was the clearest and the most recognizable self-portraits of Raphael himself. Leonardo da Vinci—“Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”, 1512 “Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”is a self-portrait of da Vinci at the age of 60 and measures around 33.3cm×21.6cm, which is on display in Biblioteca Reale, Turin, Italy. It is drawn with red chalk on paper and represents the head of an elderly man in a three-quarter view. In the portrait, the length of the hair is uncommon in Renaissance (文艺复兴) portraits. Rembrandt van Rijn—“Self-Portrait with Beret and Turned-up Collar”, 1659 Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn painted his self-portrait in 1659 when he was 53 years old. It shows his worried expression that clearly portrays the troubled condition of his mind at that point of his life since the year 1659 was a year of anxiety for him. This self-portrait found its place among the Benjamin Altman Collection, which has been exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art since 1913. Edgar Degas—“Degas Au Porte-Fusain’”, l855 Edgar Degas made this self-portrait only when he was twenty-one years old. It was one of the most remarkable of his fifteen self-portraits. Degas was seated as seemingly without fear and anxiety. The pose in the painting was formal and academic. The painting is located in the musée d’Orsay, Paris, France. 1. Where should visitors go if they want to admire Raphael’s self-portrait in 1506? A. Uffizi Gallery. B. Biblioteca Reale. C. The musée d’Orsay. D. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2. Which aspect of Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk was special during the Renaissance? A. The red clothing. B. The formal pose. C. The long hair. D. The worried expression. 3. Which painter was the youngest when painting the above-mentioned self-portraits? A. Raphael. B. Edgar Degas. C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Rembrandt van Rijn. B After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing. Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, separate rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities. Every four-square-metre room provides a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains (窗帘) for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. But there’s no shower. Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by a smartphone app, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code (二维码) for use. A refundable deposit (可退还的押金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes. The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan. However, the idea of the shared fitness experience is not totally new. Last December, the company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings. The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident people are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Centre published a report which says that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP. 4. What makes the shared gym room different from the common one? A. Sharing open spaces. B. Providing free training courses. C. Holding one person at a time. D. Having some advanced equipment. 5. What do people need to do to use the shared gym room? A. Pay 100 yuan first. B. Book a room ahead of time. C. Have a shower before exercise. D. Let down curtains for privacy. 6. What is the author’s attitude towards China’s sharing economy? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Worried. D. Positive. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce shared gym rooms. B. To praise a technology company. C. To support the idea of sharing gym rooms. D. To tell the future of shared gym rooms. C Most people will rest and relax when they are old. They do not work. But Grandma Moses is different. She started a new job at the age of 70. She was born in a poor farmer’s family in 1860. Her parents named her Anna Mary Robertson. She married Thomas Moses in 1887. He was a farm worker. It was 1930. Anna’ Mary Moses was 70, and was a grandmother. She began to paint pictures. She did paintings of country life. One day, her daughter took her paintings to a store in the town. Her paintings were put in the window. A man from New York saw the paintings in the window and bought them. And he wanted more! The man liked Grandma Moses’s paintings. He wanted to help her. So he took her paintings to galleries(美术馆) in New York City. Otto Kallir had a famous gallery there. He liked the paintings by Grandma Moses. It was 1940 and Grandma Moses’ paintings were in Kallir’s gallery. She was 80 years old. Grandma Moses suddenly became famous. Everyone wanted her paintings. So she painted more and more. She won many prizes for her paintings. She became famous in the United States and Europe. When she was 100 years old, the State of New York made her birthday “Grandma Moses’ Day”, After her 100th birthday, she painted 6 more paintings. She died at the age 101 and a lot of people thought she was amazing. 8. When did Grandma Moses start to paint pictures? A. At the age of 70. B. In the year 1887. C. In the year 1940. D. At the age of 80. 9. Grandma Moses’ paintings were first bought by A. her daughter B. Otto Kallir’s gallery C. a man from New York D. the owner of a store in town 10. When were her paintings on exhibition(展出)? A. When she was 70. B. When she was 1010 C. When she was 80. D. When she was 101. 11. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Moses’ Day B. Grandma Moses and Her Paintings C. Grandma Moses’ Family D. Grandma Moses and New York State D Leonardo da Vinci (列奥纳多·达·芬奇) is most famous for his paintings, especially the Mona Lisa. The woman in the painting is best known for her mysterious smile. But who was she? Experts say she was Lisa di Antonio Maria di Noldo Gherardini, the third wife of a nobleman (贵族) from Florence. He invited Leonardo to paint the portrait (肖像). Leonardo started to work on this painting in 1503.At this time “Mona Lisa” was 24 years old. He worked on the portrait for the next four years. However, Leonardo didn’t sell the painting, and when he left Florence in 1507, he kept it for himself. Why? Several believe it was because he had never managed to finish it on time, while others say he had fallen in love with the painting. The Mona Lisa spent the next few hundred years traveling around the world. Leonardo finally sold the painting to King Francis I of France, who put it in his castle at Amboise. After the French revolution, the painting ended up in the Louvre. Napoleon took it away and hung it up in his bedroom. When Napoleon was driven away, the Mona Lisa returned once again to the Louvre. On 21st August, 1911, the Mona Lisa was stolen by an Italian thief, who took the painting to Italy. It appeared two years later in Florence and was taken back to the Louvre. An acid (酸) attack in 1956 damaged the lower half of the painting, and the repair work took several years. In the 60s and 70s, the Mona Lisa was on show in New York, Tokyo and Moscow. Today the painting is behind bullet-proof glass in the Louvre once again, and is no longer allowed to travel. Her journey is over. 12. What can we learn about the Mona Lisa from Paragraph Two? A. Leonardo da Vinci finished the painting when he was 24 years old. B. Leonardo da Vinci kept the painting for himself due to his love for it. C. It was probably a portrait of the wife of a nobleman from Florence. D. A young woman from Florence asked Leonardo da Vinci to draw the painting. 13. What happened to the Mona Lisa after Leonardo finally sold it? A. It was sent to the Louvre immediately after that. B. It took people two years to repair the painting suffering an acid attack. C. Napoleon once took it from the Louvre for himself. D. It has been on show around the world since the 1960s. 14. How many times was it mentioned that the Mona Lisa was brought to the Louvre before 1956? A. Two times. B. Three times. C. Four times D. Five times. 15. The passage is probably taken from . A. a magazine B. a news report C. a travel brochure D. a science book 第二节 七选五(共5个小题;每小题2分，共10分) How to Sleep Better at Night As we all know, a good sleep helps us relax and it also makes us energetic again. However, some of us have trouble with sleep at night. Lack (缺少) of sleep can cause illnesses. How can we improve our night’s sleep?____16____. ● Take exercise during the day ___17___. It can reduce stress and help us feel more relaxed. But don’t take exercise right before bedtime as exercise can make us too excited to fall asleep. ● Don’t use electronic products before bedtime Before bedtime, some of us have a habit of using electronic products to surf the Internet, listen to music or watch movies. It’s bad for our health to do these activities before bedtime.____18____. Experts suggest we should stop using electronic products at least an hour before we go to bed. ●____19____ When we sleep with lights on, our brain will think it’s still daytime. It will take us longer time to fall asleep and we will rest less. So it’s wise to sleep with lights off. ● Keep worries away Some of us have difficulty in falling asleep because of worries. Instead of lying awake, we can write down the things that make us worried and make a list of things to do.____20____. A. Don’t sleep with lights on B. Don’t make any noise at night C. Here are some tips to improve it D. Taking exercise is good for our sleep E. There is no way to solve all these problems F. In this way we can keep worries away and sleep better G. These activities will keep our brain active and prevent sleep 第二部分 词汇运用(共三节，满分70分) 第一节 完形填空(共15个小题;每小题2分，共30分) You may have noticed some changes in your grandparents. As they get old, they start ___21___things. And the older they get, the ___22___things they will forget. For example, they may not be able to___23___ where they left their glasses, or they may forget the names of their close friends. If you don’t want to ___24___ memories very early, put down your sandwiches. A new study published in a science magazine shows that cutting calories can ___25___ people’s (especially the old people’s) memory. Calorie restriction(热量限制) let lab animals live longer. And these ___26___ animals seemed to be ___27___. But it wasn’t clear ___28___it was the same with people. In the latest___29___ , scientists asked 50 elderly women to ___30___ the number of calories they consumed(吃，喝) by a third. After three months, the ___31___found that the women were not only ___32___ , but they were better than they had been at___33___ words—they remembered more words than ever, which suggested that keeping calories under ___34___ could help keep the brain _____35_____ . In a word, the less you eat, the more you will remember. 21. A. missing B. understanding C. forgetting D. loving 22. A. less B. more C. farther D. deeper 23. A. remember B. leave C. find D. believe 24. A. get B. close C. practice D. lose 25. A. reduce B. improve C. test D. damage 26. A. little B. happy C. dangerous D. hungry 27. A. healthier B. weaker C. higher D. better 28. A. what B. why C. whether D. how 29. A. magazine B. match C. study D. exercise 30. A. put B. cut C. increase D. take 31. A. researchers B. farmers C. teachers D. postmen 32. A. fatter B. higher C. shorter D. thinner 33. A. writing B. memorizing C. recognizing D. drawing 34. A. control B. limit C. reduction D. repair 35. A. weak B. tired C. fit D. hard 第二节 选用适当的单词或短语补全句子(共10个小题;每小题2分，共20分) 选词填空 in response to, rely on, in reward for, straight away, decide on 36. I realized ______ that I have made a serious mistake. 37. You should ______ a good regular time for studying. 38. I’m writing this letter ______ your demand for torch bearers of the Winter Olympic Games. 39. When things go wrong, you need to ______ that power to keep your confidence. 40. It is unfair that he gets very little ______ his hard work. 选词填空 realist, influence, subjective, client, precise 41. It’s not clear ______ how the accident happened. 42. There were some extraordinarily ______ paintings of Europe on display. 43. She is one of the most ______ figures in art magazines. 44. In my view, taste in art is essentially ______. 45. Social workers must consider the best interests of their ______ in every situation. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, health is very important. Only when we are ____46____ (health) can we study well and enjoy life. However, ____47____ (much) teenagers don’t pay any attention to their health, ____48____ (especial) during the holiday. And they spend too much time ____49____ (watch) TV, playing games and chatting on the Internet all night, ____50____ is bad for their health. First, this may make them get near-sighted. Besides, their ____51____ (body) become much weaker. Thirdly, they will lose the chance to communicate with others face ____52____ face as they never go out, which may have a bad effect on their mental health. In ____53____ (I) opinion, they should spend less time in front of the TV or the computer. Go out ____54____ (take) some exercise, play some sports and visit some friends and have _____55_____ healthy lifestyle. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 写作(满分15分) 56. 你在北京的英国朋友Tom非常喜欢中国绘画。请你根据以下信息，给Tom写信，告诉他近期将要举办的一个画展，并建议他去参观。 1. 时间：5月10日到25日 2. 地点：中国美术馆 3. 内容：张大千100多幅绘画作品 4. 画家简介：中国20世纪国画大师，擅长多种画法，在山水画方面卓有成就。 注意：1. 词数不少于50。 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 4. 参考词汇：landscape 山水画；山水画法 Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $