Unit 1 People of achievement 语法非限制性定语从句课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

选修(一)Unit One 第六课时(非限制性定语从句) 1.在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫作定语从句,其作用相当于形容词。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。 2.定语从句的结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句 定语从句 He is a teacher who likes playing football. 定语从句 likes playing football 关系词 teacher 先行词 定语从句分类 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 功能 修饰、限制先行词 补充说明先行词或整个主句 形式 不用逗号与主句隔开 与主句用逗号隔开 意义 去掉后句意不完整 去掉从句后主句意思仍完整 译法 通常译成先行词的定语 通常译成与主句并列的分句 非限定性定语从句的关系词 关系词 所指 所做成分 关系代词 who 人 主语 whom 人 宾语(不能省) which 物或整个主句 或主句的一部分 主语/宾语等 whose 人或物 定语(“…的”) as 整个主句 或主句的一部分 主语/宾语等 关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 关系词的三个作用: 引导定语从句。 代替先行词。 在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注: 1. that、why不能引导非限制性定语从句 2. 非限制性定语从句表原因时,不用why 引导,而用for which代替why (1)The wonderful lecture was given by the founder of a nonprofit organization, whose courses, used in more than 30 countries, aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives. (2)My mother, whose guiding principle in life was doing right, had a consistent influence on me. (3)Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. (4)That evening, which I will tell you more later, I ended up working very late. 定语从句练习 先行词和定从中courses是所属关系 该组织的课程(在30多个国家被使用,)旨在帮助孩子们在他们的财务生活中获得帮助。 先行词和定从中guiding principle是所属关系 先行词是人,在定从中作动词met的宾语 先行词是物,在定从中作动词tell的宾语 (5)A Chinese basketball team employed the former NBA superstar Tracy Macready this year, which encouraged the whole team and the fans. (6)Dubai, where human’s dream meets reality, is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates. (7)We will discuss a number of cases, where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (8)My life as a tax paying employed person began in middle school, when , for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. which指代主句聘请球星这件事,在定从中作主语 先行词是地点名词,在定从中作地点状语 在迪拜梦想与现实相遇 先行词是抽象地点名词,在定从中作地点状语 先行词在定从中作时间状语,表示在高中时期 定语从句练习 where的先行词: ①具体地点名词:place,spot,street,house,room,school, playground, city, town,country等; ②抽象地点名词:position(位置;处境),situation(情况;形势),case(情形), stage(阶段),point(阶段),activity(在...活动范围中),atmosphere(氛 围),platform (平台;站台;讲台)等,且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的 情况、阶段等时,常用关系副词where引导。 ①He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right or wrong. ②The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. ③Creating a relaxing atmosphere where employees are less scared to state their views is a big challenge. 总结:关系副词where引导的定语从句 8 众所周知as is known to all/as we all know/as is well known 正如你所知道的那样as you know 正如你所看见的as you can see =as can be seen 如前所料 as was expected 正如我们所预料的那样as we had expected 正如上面所提到的 as has been mentioned above 正如报道/所说的那样 as is reported/said 常言道 as the saying goes 情况常常如此 as is often the case (1)as引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句内容,从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。 (2)非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时,常用as做主语。 (3)as引导非限制性定语从句,有“如,似,正像”的含义。 总结:as引导非限制性定语从句 9 (1) As Mo Yan said, if we want to be struck by inspiration, we must go deep into our lives. (2)Some companies still can't find highly skilled technicians even with high pay, as can be seen from the job market. 如果我们想受到灵感的冲击,我们必须深入我们的生活。 从就业市场可以看出,即使高薪,一些公司仍然找不到高技能的技术人员。 as用法练习 . ①as引导限制性定语从句时先行词常被the same, as, such, so等修饰在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语; ②such...as...引导定从,as 代替前面的先行词,且在从句中作主语,宾语或表语。 (3)Yuan Longping is such a committed scientist to agriculture as is respected by all the Chinese people. (4) Mount Huangshan is so attractive a place of interest as everyone like to visit. as在定从中作主语 as在定从中作动词visit的宾语 Such courses as are recommended by Mr Smith are optional for us. 史密斯先生推荐的这些课程对我们来说是可以选修的。 Mount Huangshan is so attractive a place of interest that everyone like to visit it. 总结:as引导限制性定语从句 11 Mr Li is kind-hearted and humorous, which has made him popular among the students. which指代主句,在从句中作主语,which意为“这” 正如报道所说,中国已成功发射了另一颗人造卫星。 China has launched another man-made satellite successfully, as is reported. as指代主句,在从句中作主语,as意为“正如” as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 关系代词 意义 从句位置 as 正如,就像 可位于句首、句中或句末 which 这一点,这/那 一般位于所修饰词之后 12 先行词指人时关系代词用 whom,不可用 who/that 先行词指物时关系代词用 which,不能用that (1) In our class, there are 46 students, of whom half wear glasses. (2) The nurse is offered a city pass, with which she can visit 12 different attractions, including the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum, the zoo and more. (3) We could not give the reason, for which so many people were willing to take out a loan. 介词+关系代词 介词选择的三原则:一先二动三意义 根据先行词的习惯搭配。 根据从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。 根据从句所表达的意义。 half of the students wear glasses she can visit 12 different attractions with the city pass “用城市通行证” 因为这个原因很多人都愿意贷款 13 . 名词+of+关代:His death, the cause of which is unknown, surprises us. 代词+of+关代:Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. 数词+of+关代:In our class there are 46 students, half of whom wear glasses. (4) English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently. (5)The foreign guests, most of whom were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport. 名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词 14 . 【拓展】关系代词、人称代词、指示代词的选择 非限制性定语从句 选关系代词 并列句 选人称代词或指示代词 He has three sons, none of whom is an architect.(定语从句) He has three sons, but none of them is an architect. (并列句) He has three sons, who are architects.(定语从句) He has three sons. They are architects. (两个简单句) He has three sons, and they are architects. (并列句) (6)Please write down these phrases, and all of them will be useful in your writing. 名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词 15 Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was widely considered to be the founder and forerunner of modern China. He was only in power for a short time, when he was president of the country in 1912. So it may seem odd to some people_ knowledge of China may be limited that he is such an important figure, However, his influence is not based on his time in office, but on his continuous struggle for a better society and his concern for all Chinese people. He also put forward many advanced ideas _ brought the Chinese people together, in particular, the Three Principles of the People. whose that/which 被广泛认为是: be widely regarded/thought/acknowledged to be/as 先驱 掌权 come to power 当政 为…不断奋斗 提出 P10活动2 16 P10活动2 These principles were inspired by Lincoln,_ he admired, and were developed when he was travelling overseas, _ he went to find support for his country. The first principle is about nationalism, _indicates that China should never be divided and should not be under any foreign control. The second is about people's rights. It means that all people have great value and should also have the same rights. The third is about people's livelihood, _means that the government should create opportunities for people to make a good living. whom where which which 民族主义 民生 民权 17 1.Some people always talk loudly in public,_ is really annoying. 2.Professor Li, _ you spoke to, specialises in constitutional law. 3.Please come back at four o'clock, _ your herbal medicine will be ready. 4.What do you want to write about these people, _stories I hace just told you? 5.Have you been to the Louvre Museum, _ you can see the Mina Lisa on display? 6.There are 46 students in our class, out _ only 10 are talking an optional art course. 7.Her mother works in a company, _ employees are all women. 8.It is vital to learn to use these software programs, both_ can help you with collection and evaluation. who whom which whose when where in/of/for which of whom which whom when whose where /in which of whom in which/where of which P62的活动1 18 $$