内容正文:
代词全解2 在这篇中我们继续讲解剩下的代词,相对于人称和物主代词,剩余代词考试频率不是很高,我们识别即可。而且剩下的代词理解起来也是很容易,笔者在这里一笔带过。 1. 反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself,herself,itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 怎么构成反身代词? 解析:其实也很简单。 第一二人称可以理解为是物主代词形容词性+self(自己)/ 第三人称可以理解为人称代词宾格+self(自己) 变形:单数+self,复数+selves(self的复数) 注意: 1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做宾语(所以才会有宾格+self构成,而不是主格) 2. 常见的反身代词搭配(识记即可) Teach oneself 自学 Help oneself to 随便吃点 Look after oneself 照顾自己 Keep ~~to oneself 保守秘密 Enjoy oneself 玩的开心 Dress oneself 自己穿衣服 By oneself 独自 For oneself 亲自 3. 反身代词可以在句子中当表语,表达或者描述一种感觉,状态。 如:I don’t feel myself(我感到不舒服) 结论:反身代词主要是考搭配,识记搭配尤为重要。 小试牛刀: 一. 选择正确的选项 1. Is this model plan yours,Amy? Yes,it is mine. It is made by_. A. me B. her C. yourself D. myself 2.The skirt is _ . She made it _ . A.hers; herself B.her; herself C.herself; hers D.herself; her 2. 指示代词 单数 复数 用法 This These 一般指空间/时间比较近的人或物 That Those 一般指空间/时间比较远的人或物 怎么使用这些代词? 基本用法: 1.This可以指下面要讲的事物,that可以指之前讲过的事物 如:What I want to say is this:Study hard is vital. I missed my pen. That is why I did not finish it. 2.打电话时用this介绍自己,询问对方用that 如:This is Amy speaking. Is that Tom? 注意 That,it,one区分 one 可代替单数名词,与前面提到过的事物同类,不同个,表示泛指,复数形式是ones,指代复数名词。 It 代替单数可数名词,同类同个。 that 代替前面提到过的单数名词或者不可数名词,表示同类不同个,表示特指,复数形式是those。(常用于比较结构) 如:I lost a watch and I want to buy one(再买一个手表(随便的一个手表,同类不同个)) I can’t find my hat. I want to see it again(想再看到不见的帽子(同类同个,就是不见那个帽子)) The population of China is larger than that of India.(比印度人口要多(特指人口,但是中国,同类不同个) 结论:指示代词注意是区分that,it,one的用法,one和that都是同类不同个,一个表示特指,一个表示泛指,it表示与上文同一个物品。 小试牛刀 一. 选择正确的选项 1.Did you find_very interesting to play volleyball? A. this B. that C. it D. one 2. He found _ very interesting to ride a horse. A.this B.that C.it D.which 3. I am a little hungry, Daddy. See the cupcakes on the plate, but you can only take_. Dinner is ready soon. A. this B. that C. it D. one 3. 不定代词 不定代词是指代某些人,物的代词。不定代词基本可以充当主语,表语,宾语,定语和同位语。 分类如下: 不定代词 肯定性 Both, all, one, many, each, either, other, the other(s),a few, a little, someone, somebody, something ,anyone, anybody, anything等 否定性 no, neither, none, nobody, nothing, few , little 用法如下: 代词 意义/用法 谓语动词形式 例句 相同点 Each 每个(>=2)指代或者修饰单数名词 单数 Each of them has a ball 都能与of短语连用,都能单独作主语 None 都不(>=3)指代不可数名词或者可数名词 单复数 None can speak English in the class Neither (两者)都不,修饰单数可数名词 单数 What do you like, tea or water? Neither, thanks. Either 两者中任意一个,修饰单数可数名词 单数 Either of the two balls belongs to you All 都(>=3)指代或者修饰复数名词或者不可数名词 复数 All of the boys in our team like football Both (两者)都,指代或者修饰复数名词 复数 Both of my parents are teachers. 注意: 有一些容易混淆的笔者也在这里强调一下。 Both and all both表示“两者都”,all表示“三者及三者以上的全部”/ both修饰可数名词复数;all可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。 Either, neither and none 1. either表示“两者中的任意一个”。2. neither表示“两者中的任何一个都不”。不用于否定句。3. none表示“三者以上的任何一个都不”,neither和none都表示全部否定。不用于否定句。 Each and every 1.each可作代词和形容词,而every只能用作形容词.所以every不能和of连用。2. each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个,而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个,不能指两个中每一个。3. each多强调个体概念,而every强调整体概念。 分类 用法 相同点 Some (一些) 用于肯定句,或用于疑问句中,表示希望得到对方肯定回答或婉转提出建议与要求 既可以修饰可数,也可以修饰不可数 Any (一些/任何) 用于否定句,或者用于肯定句中表示“任何”的意思 分类 用法 特殊句型中的用法 Many(许多) many修饰可数名词复数 How many...?用于询问可数名词的数量; Much(许多) much修饰不可数名词。 How much...?用于询问不可数名词的数量,也可用来询问价格 分类 意义 用法 Few 几乎没有(否定) 修饰可数名词复数 A few 有一些,有一点 Little 几乎没有(否定) 修饰不可数名词 A litte 有一些,有一点 为了方便理解,我们再列一下图片理解一下 分类 意义 用法 Other 泛指“另外的” 常做形容词,修饰复数名词 Others 泛指“另一些” 单独使用,常和some others 搭配 The other 特指“两者的另一个” 单独也可,搭配也可,修饰名词,常用于one the other The others 特指“剩余的一些” 单独使用 Another 泛指“三者或三者以上的另一个” 可单独,也可修饰单数名词 为了方便理解,我们再列一下图片理解一下 两者的另外一个 另外一部分中的另外一些(不是剩余全部) 另外一部分中剩余的一些(剩余全部) 三者以上的另外一个 结论:不定代词明细很多,考试注意是将相似的放在一起,然后叫我们根据语境找到答案。所以读者一定要仔细区分之间的区别,这些知识都是需要记忆的知识为主。 4.复合不定代词 分类 some- any- no- every- -one someone某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 Everyone每人 -body somebody某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每人 -thing something某物,事情 Anything任何事情 nothing没有东西 everything每一个事物,一切 注意: 1.当形容词或者else修饰不定代词时,修饰词要放在不定代词之后。 如:there is something important I want to tell you. 2.one/body的区别:body和one多数情况可以互换,但是body更偏向口语,one更正式. 4. 代词专项训练 一,选出正确的一项 1. John, show me your _ hand. What's in it? A the other B another C other D others 2. Do you have any _ questions? A the others B another C other D others 3. I have two apples. One is for me, and _ is for you. A the others B the other C others D another 4. This T-shirt is too large for me. Please show me _ one. A another B other C the other D others 5. Please don't give up, Judy. Have _ try. A another B the other C the rest D other 6. There is a book in my left hand and a pen in my _ hand. A other B the others C the other D another 7. I met Mr. Smith in the park the _ day. A other B another C others D the others 8. My parents are both busy. One is a doctor and _ is a manager. A another B other C the other D others 9. At that time the twins were at home. One was washing clothes while _ was reading. A other B the other C another D others 11. -How many apples can I have? -You can have two. _ are for Jim. A The others B Others C The other D Another 12. _ of us have a good time at this party. No one dislikes it. A Some B Every C All D Nobody 13. _ of us in class should listen to the teacher. A Every B Each C Both D Either 14. You _ only have one chance, boys and girls. A every B each C all D both 15. -Which coat do you like, the yellow one or the pink one? -_. I like these two colors. A Either B Both C Any D Neither 16. I invited Lucy and Daisy to dinner, and _ of them came. A neither B all C none D both 17. She knows _ student in the school. A each of B every C every one D both 18. _ of his two children have read the story, so they know everything about it. A Some B Both C None D All 19. -Which is more useful, Chinese or English? -I think _ them are useful. A no one of B none of C both of D all of 20. On _ sides of the road there are many white tall buildings. A all B both C either D none 21. _ John _ Jack may go there because one of them must stay at home. A Neither; nor B Both; C Either; or D Not only; but also 22. _ of us has read the story, so we know nothing about it. A Some B Both C None D All 23. How nice! _ of his twin sons _ well. A Both; sing B Neither; sing C All; sings D None; sings 24. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _ of them came. A neither B either C none D both 25. Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk? - _. I think I'll just have a glass of water. A Both B Neither C None D Either 26. _ of us finished our homework, so our teacher was very angry. A Some B Most C None D All 二,选词填空 1.I have two sisters. _ of them live in London. (Both/All) 2._ of us is in the classroom now. (Each/Most) 3.Lucy is a helpful and kind student so _ teachers like her. (every/all) 4.-Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? -I think _ of them are useful. (both/either) 5.-Which sweater do you prefer, the yellow one or the pink one? -_. I like a light blue one. (Both/Neither) 6. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _ one.(another/ others) 7. Though they had cleaned the floor, there was still _ water on it.(a little/ little) 8.“Help _ to some meat, Mary,”my aunt said to me.(ourselves/ yourself) 9.Han Meimei, what about _ to eat?(nothing/ sometnhig) 10.Put it down, Richard. You mustn't read _ letter. (anyone else/ anyone else's) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$
代词全解2
在这篇中我们继续讲解剩下的代词,相对于人称和物主代词,剩余代词考试频率不是很高,我们识别即可。而且剩下的代词理解起来也是很容易,笔者在这里一笔带过。
1. 反身代词
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself,herself,itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
怎么构成反身代词?
解析:其实也很简单。
第一二人称可以理解为是物主代词形容词性+self(自己)/
第三人称可以理解为人称代词宾格+self(自己)
变形:单数+self,复数+selves(self的复数)
注意:
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做宾语(所以才会有宾格+self构成,而不是主格)
2. 常见的反身代词搭配(识记即可)
Teach oneself
自学
Help oneself to
随便吃点
Look after oneself
照顾自己
Keep ~~to oneself
保守秘密
Enjoy oneself
玩的开心
Dress oneself
自己穿衣服
By oneself
独自
For oneself
亲自
3. 反身代词可以在句子中当表语,表达或者描述一种感觉,状态。
如:I don’t feel myself(我感到不舒服)
结论:反身代词主要是考搭配,识记搭配尤为重要。
小试牛刀:
一. 选择正确的选项
1. Is this model plan yours,Amy?
Yes,it is mine. It is made by_____.
A. me B. her C. yourself D. myself
解析:根据题意是“模型飞机是Amy自己做的,made by oneself,所以选择D”
2.The skirt is ____ . She made it ____ .
A.hers; herself B.her; herself C.herself; hers D.herself; her
解析:根据题意“这个短裙是她的,她自己做的,所以选择A”
2. 指示代词
单数
复数
用法
This
These
一般指空间/时间比较近的人或物
That
Those
一般指空间/时间比较远的人或物
怎么使用这些代词?
基本用法:
1.This可以指下面要讲的事物,that可以指之前讲过的事物
如:What I want to say is this:Study hard is vital.
I missed my pen. That is why I did not finish it.
2.打电话时用this介绍自己,询问对方用that
如:This is Amy speaking. Is that Tom?
注意
That,it,one区分
one
可代替单数名词,与前面提到过的事物同类,不同个,表示泛指,复数形式是ones,指代复数名词。
It
代替单数可数名词,同类同个。
that
代替前面提到过的单数名词或者不可数名词,表示同类不同个,表示特指,复数形式是those。(常用于比较结构)
如:I lost a watch and I want to buy one(再买一个手表(随便的一个手表,同类不同个))
I can’t find my hat. I want to see it again(想再看到不见的帽子(同类同个,就是不见那个帽子))
The population of China is larger than that of India.(比印度人口要多(特指人口,但是中国,同类不同个)
结论:指示代词注意是区分that,it,one的用法,one和that都是同类不同个,一个表示特指,一个表示泛指,it表示与上文同一个物品。
小试牛刀
一. 选择正确的选项
1.Did you find_____very interesting to play volleyball?
A. this B. that C. it D. one
解析:根据题意我们可以知道这是宾语从句,省略了连接词that,所以排除B,另外从句中缺主语,所以选择it。AD不符合题意
2. He found ____ very interesting to ride a horse.
A.this B.that C.it D.which
解析:根据题意我们可以知道这是宾语从句,省略了连接词that,所以排除B,另外从句中缺主语,所以选择it。AD不符合题意
3. I am a little hungry, Daddy.
See the cupcakes on the plate, but you can only take_____. Dinner is ready soon.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
解析:根据题意"看看盘子里的纸杯蛋糕,但是你只能吃一个,晚餐很快就准备好了。同类中的一个,表示泛指,排除it同类同个,也排除that表示特指,所以one符合句意,故选D.
3. 不定代词
不定代词是指代某些人,物的代词。不定代词基本可以充当主语,表语,宾语,定语和同位语。
分类如下:
不定代词
肯定性
Both, all, one, many, each, either, other, the other(s),a few, a little, someone, somebody, something ,anyone, anybody, anything等
否定性
no, neither, none, nobody, nothing, few , little
用法如下:
代词
意义/用法
谓语动词形式
例句
相同点
Each
每个(>=2)指代或者修饰单数名词
单数
Each of them has a ball
都能与of短语连用,都能单独作主语
None
都不(>=3)指代不可数名词或者可数名词
单复数
None can speak English in the class
Neither
(两者)都不,修饰单数可数名词
单数
What do you like, tea or water? Neither, thanks.
Either
两者中任意一个,修饰单数可数名词
单数
Either of the two balls belongs to you
All
都(>=3)指代或者修饰复数名词或者不可数名词
复数
All of the boys in our team like football
Both
(两者)都,指代或者修饰复数名词
复数
Both of my parents are teachers.
注意:
有一些容易混淆的笔者也在这里强调一下。
Both and all
both表示“两者都”,all表示“三者及三者以上的全部”/ both修饰可数名词复数;all可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。
Either, neither and none
1. either表示“两者中的任意一个”。2. neither表示“两者中的任何一个都不”。不用于否定句。3. none表示“三者以上的任何一个都不”,neither和none都表示全部否定。不用于否定句。
Each and every
1.each可作代词和形容词,而every只能用作形容词.所以every不能和of连用。2. each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个,而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个,不能指两个中每一个。3. each多强调个体概念,而every强调整体概念。
分类
用法
相同点
Some (一些)
用于肯定句,或用于疑问句中,表示希望得到对方肯定回答或婉转提出建议与要求
既可以修饰可数,也可以修饰不可数
Any (一些/任何)
用于否定句,或者用于肯定句中表示“任何”的意思
分类
用法
特殊句型中的用法
Many(许多)
many修饰可数名词复数
How many...?用于询问可数名词的数量;
Much(许多)
much修饰不可数名词。
How much...?用于询问不可数名词的数量,也可用来询问价格
分类
意义
用法
Few
几乎没有(否定)
修饰可数名词复数
A few
有一些,有一点
Little
几乎没有(否定)
修饰不可数名词
A litte
有一些,有一点
为了方便理解,我们再列一下图片理解一下
分类
意义
用法
Other
泛指“另外的”
常做形容词,修饰复数名词
Others
泛指“另一些”
单独使用,常和some··others···搭配
The other
特指“两者的另一个”
单独也可,搭配也可,修饰名词,常用于one···the other
The others
特指“剩余的一些”
单独使用
Another
泛指“三者或三者以上的另一个”
可单独,也可修饰单数名词
为了方便理解,我们再列一下图片理解一下
两者的另外一个
另外一部分中的另外一些(不是剩余全部)
另外一部分中剩余的一些(剩余全部)
三者以上的另外一个
结论:不定代词明细很多,考试注意是将相似的放在一起,然后叫我们根据语境找到答案。所以读者一定要仔细区分之间的区别,这些知识都是需要记忆的知识为主。
4.复合不定代词
分类
some-
any-
no-
every-
-one
someone某人
anyone任何人
no one没有人
Everyone每人
-body
somebody某人
anybody任何人
nobody没有人
everybody每人
-thing
something某物,事情
Anything任何事情
nothing没有东西
everything每一个事物,一切
注意:
1.当形容词或者else修饰不定代词时,修饰词要放在不定代词之后。
如:there is something important I want to tell you.
2.one/body的区别:body和one多数情况可以互换,但是body更偏向口语,one更正式.
4. 代词专项训练
一,选出正确的一项
1. John, show me your ___ ___ hand. What's in it?
· A the other B another C other D others
· 解析:根据题意是另外一个手,两者另外一个选A
2. Do you have any __ ____ questions?
· A the others B another C other D others
· 解析:根据题意是询问“还有没有其他的问题,缺定语,选C
3. I have two apples. One is for me, and ___ ___ is for you.
· A the others B the other C others D another
· 解析:根据题意,是两个苹果的另外一个,,两者另外一个B
4. This T-shirt is too large for me. Please show me __ ____ one.
· A another B other C the other D others
· 解析:根据题意,另外一个,然后another one是固定搭配
5. Please don't give up, Judy. Have ______ try.
· A another B the other C the rest D other
· 解析:根据题意,是再尝试一下,其余不符合语境,have another try也可以理解为固定搭配。选A
6. There is a book in my left hand and a pen in my __ ____ hand.
· A other B the others C the other D another
· 解析:根据题意,钢笔在我另外一个手,两者另外一个选the other,选C
7. I met Mr. Smith in the park the ______ day.
· A other B another C others D the others
· 解析:根据题意,我遇到几天天在公园 遇到Mr. Smith,所以选择A
8. My parents are both busy. One is a doctor and ______ is a manager.
· A another B other C the other D others
· 解析:根据题意是“我父母都很忙,一个是医生,另外一个是经理”,两者另外一个选C”
9. At that time the twins were at home. One was washing clothes while ______ was reading.
· A other B the other C another D others
· 解析:根据题意“双胞胎一个人在洗衣服,另外一个在,两者另外一个选B”
11. -How many apples can I have?
-You can have two. ______ are for Jim.
· A The others B Others C The other D Another
· 解析:根据题意“能有多少个苹果?你可以有两个苹果,剩余的苹果给Jim。the others表示"剩余的人或事"选择A。
12. ______ of us have a good time at this party. No one dislikes it.
· A Some B Every C All D Nobody
· 解析:根据题意“全部的人都有一段好时光在派对上,every不能和of搭配,所以选择C。”
13. _____ of us in class should listen to the teacher.
· A Every B Each C Both D Either
· 解析:根据题意,我们班的学生都应该听老师的,全部,every不能和of连用,所以选择B。
14. You ______ only have one chance, boys and girls.
· A every B each C all D both
· 解析:根据题意,你们全部人都只有一个机会,男孩和女孩们,every只能做定语,排除,each谓语动词用单数排除,both两者都不符合语境,选C
15. -Which coat do you like, the yellow one or the pink one?
-______. I like these two colors.
· A Either B Both C Any D Neither
· 解析:根据题意,你喜欢哪一件大衣,黄色的还是粉色的,下文写我喜欢两个颜色,所以应该选择两个都喜欢。故选择B。
16. I invited Lucy and Daisy to dinner, and ______ of them came.
· A neither B all C none D both
· 解析:根据题意,我邀请Lucy and Daisy来吃晚餐,她们两个都来,所以选择D。
17. She knows ______ student in the school.
· A each of B every C every one D both
· 解析:她知道所有在学校的学生,这里student前面缺定语,故选择B。
18. _____ of his two children have read the story, so they know everything about it.
· A Some B Both C None D All
· 解析:根据题意,他的两个孩子都已经读过故事书,所以他们知道一切。选择B。
19. -Which is more useful, Chinese or English?
-I think ______ them are useful.
· A no one of B none of C both of D all of
· 解析:根据题意,英语和中文哪个更有用,我认为两个都很有用,故选择C。
20. On ______ sides of the road there are many white tall buildings.
· A all B both C either D none
· 解析:根据题意,马路两边都有很多白色的高楼,故选择B。all三者以上不合适。
21. ______ John ______ Jack may go there because one of them must stay at home.
· A Neither; nor B Both; C Either; or D Not only; but also
· 解析:根据题意,从句后面说有一个必须呆在家,所以前面应该是两者的其中一个,故选择C,要不John要么Jack
22. _____ of us has read the story, so we know nothing about it.
· A Some B Both C None D All
· 解析:根据题意,下半句说我们全部知道内容,所以上半句应该是我们全部都看过,故选择D
23. How nice! ______ of his twin sons ______ well.
· A Both; sing B Neither; sing C All; sings D None; sings
· 解析:根据题意,双胞胎两个都唱歌唱的很好,故选择A
24. Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?
- ______. I think I'll just have a glass of water.
· A Both B Neither C None D Either
· 解析:根据题意,你喜欢茶还是牛奶,下文回答说要一杯水,故应该是两者都不要,选择B
25. ______ of us finished our homework, so our teacher was very angry.
· A Some B Most C None D All
· 解析:根据题意,我们老师很生气,上文应该是没有人完成作业才符合语境,故选择C。
二,选词填空
1.I have two sisters. _Both_____ of them live in London. (Both/All)
2.____Each__ of us is in the classroom now. (Each/Most)
3.Lucy is a helpful and kind student so ___all___ teachers like her. (every/all)
4.-Which is more useful, biology or chemistry?
-I think __both____ of them are useful. (both/either)
5.-Which sweater do you prefer, the yellow one or the pink one?
-__Neither____. I like a light blue one. (Both/Neither)
6. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _another___ one.(another/ others)
7. Though they had cleaned the floor, there was still __a little__ water on it.(a little/ little)
8.“Help ____ to some meat, Mary,”my aunt said to me.(ourselves/ yourself)
9.Han Meimei, what about ____ to eat?(nothing/ sometnhig)
10.Put it down, Richard. You mustn't read ____ letter. (anyone else/ anyone else's)
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