内容正文:
Continuation Writing
—五种常用结尾
Skill 1:画面定格
1.人物动作的画面定格:
读后续写中营造画面感可以增强文章的可读性和真实感,引导读者进入情节,更好地理解故事发生的背景和人物性格。在文章的结尾以人物的动作描写勾勒出一个画面,给读者留下深刻的印象。
如:(2020杭州高级中学等五校联考) They stood there for a moment, side by side, waiting for the rushing holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the deluge.
1.人物动作的画面定格:
When Mac gradually regained his calm, three friends waved goodbye to Paul and Becky until their car disappeared into a line of sight. And the three friends continued their bicycle trip to Alaska pleasantly.Mac慢慢恢复了平静,三个朋友向Paul和Becky挥手告别,直到他们的车消失在视线中。三个朋友继续愉快地进行他们到阿拉斯加的自行车之旅。
2.特殊寓意的写景画面
(1)The sky was a billion pure eyes of light and the grass green underfoot, it was as if night and day had become one beautiful moment. Dawn had come. 天空像是一亿只纯净的眼睛拼接在一起,脚下是青草,仿佛黑夜和白昼已成为一个美丽的时刻。黎明已经来临。(黎明到来的画面)
The rain drummed on the window, bidding farewell to the last beam of sunlight.
雨水打着窗户,向最后一缕阳光告别。 (雨水来临的画面)
Skill 2:收尾呼应
首尾呼应,形成闭环。文章的开头和结尾在内容上要有着密切的关系,对同一情况做出解释、说明,使文章浑然一体,更有突显文章主旨大意的作用。
例2: 2018年高考真题 ,讲述的是爸爸带儿子去朋友家农场游玩迷路的故事。文章的开头:It was summer and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West. 那是夏天,我爸爸想像以前一样请我去度假。 他决定带我去西部荒野之旅。文章结尾:Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before. The special trip to the Wild West was deeply engraved in my mind. 我从来没有过这么刺激又危险的假期。那次去西部的特别旅行,深深地印在我的脑海里。
开头】I had an interesting childhood. It was filled with surprise and amusements, all because of my mother—loving, sweet, yet absent-minded and forgetful. 我有一个有趣的童年,充满了惊喜和娱乐,都是因为我的母亲——有爱心的、温柔的,但心不在焉且健忘的。
【结尾】Despite mom's being absent-minded and forgetful, she was still a kind and nice mom. 尽管妈妈总是心不在焉,健忘,但她仍然是一个和蔼可亲的妈妈。
(结尾时候回到文章的开头再次重申妈妈的性格,深化主题,首尾呼应。)
Skill 2:收尾呼应
【开头】A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day.
一天,亚瑟在上班的路上发生了一件有趣的事情。
【结尾】What a funny day. Arthur couldn't stop laughing whenever he looked back on this hilarious experience. 多么有趣的一天啊,每当亚瑟回想起这次欢乐的经历,他就忍不住笑个不停。
【结尾时候回到文章的开头再次提及这次欢乐经历,深化主题,首尾呼应。】
Skill 2:收尾呼应
Skill 3:主旨升华
记叙文的结尾融入自己的观点和评价,精彩的结尾可以凸显文章的主题,升华事件的意义,起到画龙点睛的作用。
1.情感升华
情感升华的结尾要求,要有较高的立意,它是故事的灵魂所在,这样的结尾能够产生强烈的艺术感染力,通常我们可以通过表现人生感悟、生活真谛、生活哲理、人生观或价值观来达到结尾部分的情感升华。
例1: 2017年高考真题,讲述的是与健忘妈妈一块去旅游的故事。刚才我们用“首尾呼应”法,现在我们试一试用“情感升华”法:在结尾处,表达母爱对我的深远影响。Everyone has one person they look up to as a role model. To me there is none other than my mom. 每个人都有一个榜样。对我来说,不是别人,正是我妈妈。She has beauty, brains, and one of the best hearts I know. 她很漂亮,很聪明,而且是我认识的最用心的人之一。Without her in my life, I would have no idea whether I can be a famous dancer. Someday, when I am older and have children of my own, I hope I can be just as great a parent as my mom.如果没有她,我不知道我能不能成为一个著名的舞者。有一天,当我长大了,有了自己的孩子,我希望我能成为像我妈妈一样伟大的母亲。
例2: 主人公在故事的结尾处,表达自己对价值观:“幸福”的理解。来看看下面的表达:I am extremely unhappy about it. I think money doesn’t equal happiness. 我对此非常不高兴。我觉得金钱不等于幸福。And free life style also doesn’t equalhappiness. 自由的生活方式也不等于幸福。 The real happiness is that everyone loves each other, and does everything useful for our society. Most of my classmates support me.真正的幸福是每个人都有“爱”,为我们的社会做一切有益的事情。大多数同学都支持我。 But some of them think money is everything. In my opinion, money can’t take the place of everything, such as your life, your time and your happiness.但有些人认为钱就是一切。在我看来,金钱不能代替一切,比如你的生活,你的时间和你的幸福。
2.名言警句升华
使用名言结尾往往能给文章增添文采,同时也能起到凝炼中心,深化主旨的作用,这样的结尾可以引出结论,即时抒情,凸显主旨渲染氛围等,合理使用名言可以为续写文章画龙点睛,因此在平时我们不仅要多加积累,也要明白名言蕴含的道理,以便使其用在合适的语境中。需要注意的是:不可生搬硬套名言警句,一定要具体文本具体分析。
例1:Don't judge each day by the harvest you reap but by the seeds that you plant. (不要根据你每天的收获来判断每一天,而是根据你每天播种了多少。)这则名言采用了比喻的手法,将人的付出和回报比作耕种和收获。本质上,是过程和结果之间的比较,强调过程的重要性大于结果,可以用于习惯养成类和或者长期活动类叙事的结尾,提升思想境界。
例2:It is during our darkest moments that we must focus to see the light. (越是在最黑暗的时刻,我们越要寻找光明。)这则名言通过前后反复概念的对比,突出光明的重要性,引申为在困境中保持积极乐观的生活态度,可以用于主要人物经历重大坎坷,最后凭借乐观心态度过艰难岁月的文章。比,揭示了学习的规律,阐明了实践出真知的道理,可以用于总结学习经历,反思技能掌握的过程等。 例3:In the end, it's not the years in your life that count. It's the life in your years. (最后,重要的不是你生命中的岁月,而是你如何度过这些岁月的。)这则名言通过巧妙的词汇调换,改变句意,揭示了生活的真谛:只有认真对待生活,人生才不会留下遗憾,由于本句涉及的时间跨度较大,写作中最好从长者的视角提出。
在使用名言名句时,我们可以套用一个通用的固定句式:Just as the saying goes,“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Now I couldnt agree more with those words. 正如俗话所说,“有志者,事竟成。”现在我完全同意这句话。1. Roses given,fragrance in hand.赠人玫瑰,手有余香。2. No pains,no gains./ No sweet without sweat. 没有付出,就没有回报。3. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。4. Never judge from appearance. 不可以貌取人。5. Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 自信是成功的第一步。6. Genius is nothing but labor and diligence. 天才出自勤奋。7. Honesty is the best policy. 诚为上策。8. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
Skill 4:对话收尾
(1) Chester said his father told him he had tried to search for him and his brother, but both brothers had changed their last names.“He does remember me and my older brother and he told me that he’s been looking for us ever since we lost contact,” he said. Chester said his brother has since flown to Colombia to be reunited with Urrea as well. When asked how the reunion with his father will change his life, Chester said,“I got family everywhere, so it might lead to many more trips now.”
Skill 4:对话收尾
(2) What was most fascinating about the reunion is that Shavi also moves others. Nina’s family had moved to a bigger apartment.“I’ve heard amazing stories about dogs’ loyalty, but I never imagined this sort of thing would ever happen to me. Even now, I can hardly believe this dog traveled such a long distance to find us,” said Nina,“I would never give this kind of friend away again. I never grow tired of repeating this—animals are the most devoted and loving creatures. They need our love and care.”
Skill 5:修辞收尾
运用多种修辞手法让文章更有画面感和美感,既能点题又能大大加强文章的可读性。
1. Todays experience was like an everlasting flower, blooming in the river of my memories. 今天的经历将会像是一朵永不凋谢的花朵,永远绽放在我的记忆里。(比喻)(bloom开花)2. This special experience left a lasting mental picture in my mind, which I will never forget. 今日的这次特别的经历给我留下了刻骨铭心的记忆,我将永生难忘。(比喻)
3. With laughter lingering in the room, their sincere friendship blossomed in the summer like a flower that never fades. 伴随着笑声回荡在房间里,他们真挚的友谊之花盛开在这个夏季,永不凋败。(比喻)(linger回荡,徘徊; blossom开花)4. Alexs beam of smile seemed to wipe off Theos frustration and he was really expecting to be the next champion. Alex的微笑冲散了Theo心中的阴霾,他又开始对下一次的胜利充满期待。(拟人,比喻)(frustration沮丧)
Thank you for watching!
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