选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture (说明文）-【同步写作课】2024-2025学年高二英语单元写作深度指导（人教版2019）

Unit 3 Food and Culture (说明文）（人教版2019） Write about a healthy diet（说明文） 单元话题 真题展示 考情预测 说明文 2018年全国卷 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于健康饮食的文章，属于说明文的范畴，旨在通过帮助学生积累有关健康饮食的知识，深化对健康饮食这一主题的理解，并反思自身饮食习惯。 Use what you have learnt to write an essay about your own diet. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter春节打算来中国度假。因为他在中国期间将和一个寄宿家庭一起居住，所以他想知道一些中国的餐桌礼仪，以便能更好地适应中国的生活。请你根据下面的提示，给他写一封邮件，告诉他一些中国的餐桌礼仪。 要点提示: 1. 分享餐桌上的所有食物; 2. 用筷子吃饭，但不要把筷子插进食物中; 3. 就餐时，长辈先吃你才可以动手，可以互相交谈，但声音不可太大 要求: 1. 必须使用所给的提示内容，并适当发挥; 2. 不少于100词(邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。 说明文是写作中常见的一种文体，用简明的文字来说明事物，不带任何个人感情色彩，不需要生动的细节和背景，纯粹是客观的阐述。写作时应注意以下几个方面： 1．写作时抓住事物的特征，即抓住事物的个性特征。 2．安排合理的说明顺序，如时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序等。 3．恰当地使用说明方法，如下定义说明、举例说明、分类说明、比较说明、引用说明、比喻说明、数字说明等。 4．语言简练、用词准确，具有科学性、客观性、知识性。 段落 内容 句子设计 开头 开门见山，引出话题 Overall, I think I have healthy/unhealthy eating habits. As for the things that I am doing right,... Still, I should improve my eating habits by... 主体 进行客观具体事实的描述 quotation figures comparison explanation examples 结尾 给出自己的观点 To sum up/ In summary/ In general/ In short. 【词汇积累】:积累单元话题词汇; 1．be bad for one's health　　　 对某人的健康有害 2．be good for one's health 对某人的健康有好处 3．be optimistic about ... 对……乐观 4．be pessimistic about ... 对……悲观 5．build up one's body 强身健体 6．form a good eating habit 养成好的饮食习惯 7．mental condition 精神状态 8．relax oneself 自我放松 9．stay healthy 保持健康 10．suffer from 遭受 11．unhealthy eating habits 不健康的饮食习惯 12．be rich in 富含 13．be high/low in 含量……高/低 14．be on a diet 节食 15．break down (身体)垮掉 16．cure sb. of ... 治愈某人…… 【句式积累】: 1．常用开头句 ①Living a healthy lifestyle lies in having a healthy diet. What is a healthy diet? 拥有健康的生活方式在于有健康的饮食习惯。 什么是健康饮食呢？ ②Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. But how can we form a healthy eating habit? 健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康非常重要。 但是我们如何才能养成健康的饮食习惯呢？ ③I am sorry to hear that you have been gaining/putting on weight recently and you are upset about it. 我很抱歉听到你最近体重增加了，而且你对此很不高兴。 ④Recently, I have a big headache that I always like to eat fast food so much. 最近我遇到一件头疼的事，就是我总是喜欢吃如此多的快餐。 ⑤Do you have a healthy diet? A healthy diet is actually a balanced one. 你有健康的饮食习惯吗？ 健康的饮食实际上是均衡的饮食。 ⑥People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before. 如今，人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康。 2．常用中间句 ①Don't skip breakfast. 不要不吃早餐。 ②Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. 多吃谷物、水果和蔬菜。 ③We'd better take part in more outdoor activities instead of sitting in front of TV sets or computers for a long time, which is bad for our health. 我们最好多参加户外活动，而不是在电视或电脑前坐很长时间，这对我们的健康有害。 ④A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally. 均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。 ⑤We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health. 我们必须承认吃垃圾食品有害健康的事实。 ⑥I would strongly advise you to combine the balanced diet and exercise. 我会强烈建议你把均衡的饮食和锻炼结合起来。 ⑦A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins, fibre and mineral. 健康饮食包括吃各种各样的富含维生素、纤维和矿物质的食物。 ⑧In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. 在我看来，我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯以增强体质。 3．常用结束句 ①I hope you'll find these suggestions helpful. 我希望你会发现这些建议有帮助。 ②Only in this way can you have a healthy diet in the future. 只有这样，在未来你才能养成健康的饮食习惯。 ③All in all, we should eat healthy food to keep ourselves energetic. 总之，我们应该吃健康的食物来保持精力充沛。 ④Could you give me some suggestions and a healthy recipe for me? 你能给我一些建议和一份健康饮食食谱吗？ ⑤As the saying goes, you are what you eat. In order to keep fit, please have a healthy diet. 正如俗话所说，人如其食。 为了保持健康，请养成健康的饮食习惯。 【万能写作模板】给出写作模板,便于识记。 What I have known about is that __________________.(具体描述某事物)    First of all,  __________________ (具体阐述要点一) . What’s more,  __________________ (具体阐述要点二). As a college student,  __________________ (结合自身描述要点三).     In conclusion, __________________ (做出总结) . Therefore, we should __________________(提出建 议). 1．假定你是李华，请用你学到的知识写一篇关于你自己饮食的文章。 注意:词数80左右; _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生用学到的知识写一篇关于你自己饮食的文章。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 对……有害：do harm to→be harmful to 各种各样的：a variety of→various 简言之：put simply→in short 充满：be full of→be filled with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I hope to follow a balanced diet to build up a strong body. 拓展句：I hope to follow a balanced diet so that I can build up a strong body. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The fruits and vegetables that I eat are full of vitamins and minerals. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] I could prepare some healthy dishes in advance that I can eat when I’m too busy. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [审题] 1. 确定体裁：本文为一篇说明文。 2. 确定时态：一般现在时为主。 3. 确定人称：第一人称。 [谋篇] 第一段：我的饮食是否健康。 第二段：我的不良饮食习惯以及如何改正坏习惯。 第三段：总结我的观点。 [核心词汇] 汉译英 2．健康的饮食习惯 3．富含维生素和矿物质 4．挑食 5．对健康有害 6．强身健体 【答案】2．healthy eating habits 3．(be) full of/rich in vitamins and minerals 4．be particular about food 5．do harm to health 6．build up a strong body 【解析】2．“饮食习惯”表达为eating habits，“健康的”表达为healthy，因此“健康的饮食习惯”表达为healthy eating habits。故填healthy eating habits。 3．“富含”表达为(be) full of/rich in，“维生素和矿物质”表达为vitamins and minerals，因此“富含维生素和矿物质”表达为(be) full of/rich in vitamins and minerals。故填(be) full of/rich in vitamins and minerals。 4．“对……挑剔”表达为be particular about，“食物”表达为food，因此“挑食”表达为be particular about food。故填be particular about food。 5．“对……有害”表达为do harm to，“健康”表达为health，故“对健康有害”表达为do harm to health。故填do harm to health。 6．“强身健体”是固定短语，表达为build up a strong body。故填build up a strong body。 [连词成句] 7．简言之，我的大部分饮食都含有对我身体有益的食物。（汉译英） 【答案】Put simply, most of my diet contains food that is good for my body. 【详解】考查时态，固定短语和定语从句。简言之可以用固定短语put simply，修饰后面的句子作状语，我的大部分饮食是主语译为“most of my diet”，含有为谓语译为“contain”，句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语most of my diet，谓语用第三人称单数，食物为宾语译为“food ”，对我身体有益的为定语可以用that连接的定语从句，对……有益处为固定短语be good for，我的身体译为“my body”，故翻译为Put simply, most of my diet contains food that is good for my body. 8．我吃水果和蔬菜，它们富含维生素和矿物质。（汉译英） 【答案】I eat fruits and vegetables and they are full of vitamins and minerals. 【详解】考查固定搭配、名词和时态。分析句子结构，本句应为and连接的并列句，这里陈述的是事实，应用一般现在时。前一分句中，主语“我”可表示为I，“吃”可表示为eat，“水果”可表示为fruits，“蔬菜”可表示为vegetables；后一分句中，主语“它们”可表示为they，“富含”可表示为be full of，be动词用are，“维生素”可表示为vitamins，“矿物质”可表示为minerals。故本句可翻译为：I eat fruits and vegetables and they are full of vitamins and minerals. 9．我经常太忙而忘记吃饭。（汉译英） 【答案】I am sometimes too busy and forget to eat. 【详解】考查固定句型和短语。句子陈述经常性发生的动作，应用一般现在时；表示“太……以至于不能做某事”表达为too+adj.+to do，不定式作结果状语，“忙的”用busy表达，“忘记做某事”为forget to do sth.，不定式作宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为I am sometimes too busy and forget to eat. 10．我可以提前准备一些健康的食物。（汉译英） 【答案】I could prepare some healthy food/dishes in advance. 【详解】考查情态动词和固定短语。我是主语，译为“I”，可以用情态动词could，准备是谓语动词译为“prepare”，接在情态动词后，用动词原形，一些健康的食物是宾语，译为“some healthy food/dishes”，提前用固定短语“in advance”，在句中作状语，故翻译为I could prepare some healthy food/dishes in advance. 11．当我太忙的时候我可以吃一些健康食物。（汉译英） 【答案】I can eat some healthy food/dishes when I’m too busy. 【详解】考查时间状语从句。当我太忙的时候翻译成when引导的时间状语从句，时态为一般现在时，翻译为“ when I’m too busy.”，主句主语为I ，可以吃为“can eat”，一些健康食物为“some healthy food/dishes”，作宾语。故翻译为：I can eat some healthy food/dishes when I’m too busy. 12．我应该避免在电视前吃饭。（汉译英） 【答案】I should avoid eating in front of the TV. 【详解】考查动名词。我是主语，译为“I”，应该是情态动词should，避免做某事为avoid doing，接在情态动词后，应用原形，在电视前吃饭，译为“eat in front of the TV”，接在avoid后，应用动名词作宾语，故翻译为I should avoid eating in front of the TV. 13．在电视前面太容易吃太多。（汉译英） 【答案】It is too easy to eat too much in front of the TV. 【详解】考查固定句型和短语。表示“太容易做某事”句型为It is too easy to do sth.，it作形式主语；表示“吃太多”短语为eat too much；表示“在电视前面”短语为in front of the TV。为一般现在时。故翻译为It is too easy to eat too much in front of the TV. 14．做出正确的关于饮食的决定是我的责任。（汉译英） 【答案】It’s up to me to make the right decisions about my diet. 【详解】考查固定句型和短语。表示“……是某人的责任”句型为It’s up to sb. to do sth.；表示“做出正确的关于饮食的决定”翻译为make the right decisions about my diet，为一般现在时。故翻译为It’s up to me to make the right decisions about my diet. [句式升级] 15．I eat fruits and vegetables and they are full of vitamins and minerals.（改写成定语从句） 【答案】The fruits and vegetables that I eat are full of vitamins and minerals. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我吃的水果和蔬菜富含维生素和矿物质。此处改为定语从句修饰先行词fruits and vegetables，在从句作宾语，指物，应用that，故改为The fruits and vegetables that I eat are full of vitamins and minerals. 16．I am sometimes too busy and forget to eat.（用“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构改写） 【答案】I sometimes find myself too busy and forget to eat. 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我有时太忙而忘记吃饭。根据改写要求，该句可转换为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构的固定句型，原句为一般现在时，改写句应用一般现在时，主语I，谓语find，宾语用反身代词“我自己”myself，宾语补足语用形容词busy“忙的”，前面加程度副词too“太”，后面保持不变。故改写为：I sometimes find myself too busy and forget to eat. 17．合成主从复合句。 I could prepare some healthy food/dishes in advance. I can eat some healthy food/dishes when I’m too busy. 【答案】I could prepare some healthy dishes in advance that I can eat when I’m too busy. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我可以提前准备一些健康的菜肴，当我太忙的时候可以吃。分析可知，句中重复的部分是some healthy dishes，可以用作先行词，第二句子作定语从句修饰先行词，指事物，可以用that来指代，并且在从句中充当宾语成分，故合并为I could prepare some healthy dishes in advance that I can eat when I’m too busy. 18．合成复合句，状语从句用as引导。 I should avoid eating in front of the TV. It is too easy to eat too much in front of the TV. 【答案】I should also avoid eating in front of the TV, as it is too easy to eat too much that way. 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：我应该避免在电视机前吃饭，因为那样太容易吃太多了。分析可知，第二句是第一句的原因，可以用as引导的原因状语从句，两句中都有 in front of the TV，在句中表示方式，所以第二句中可以用that way代替，故合并为I should also avoid eating in front of the TV, as it is too easy to eat too much that way. [连句成篇] 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Overall, I think I have healthy eating habits. I am eating a variety of healthy and nutritious food on the list, such as fish, eggs, fruit, and salad. Put simply, most of my diet contains food that is good for my body. The fruits and vegetables that I eat are full of vitamins and minerals. However, I do have some bad eating habits. I sometimes find myself too busy and forget to eat. I am also particular about food, and still eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will do harm to my health. I could prepare some healthy dishes in advance that I can eat when I’m too busy. I should also avoid eating in front of the TV, as it is too easy to eat too much that way. After reading the article, I now better understand how to eat more healthily and improve my food choices. I hope to follow a balanced diet to build up a strong body. It is up to me to make the right decisions about my diet, and I have decided to be healthier and happier! 书面表达 1．假定你是李华。你的澳大利亚朋友John写信告诉你，他将参加他所在城市举行的“我所了解的中国美食”的演讲比赛，请求你为他推荐一种中国美食。请你给他回信，要点包括： 1. 收信时的感想； 2. 推荐并介绍中国美食； 3. 预祝对方取得好成绩。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2: 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear John, I’m so proud that your city is going to hold such a speech competition to promote Australians’ awareness of Chinese culture. China has many delicious food, but I’d like to recommend my favorite foods-Stewed Pork Ball in Brown Sauce to you, which I often cook at home or eat in restaurants. This dish is composed of four brown meat balls, representing blessing of life, longevity and happiness, so it is often served as the last dish in wedding, birthday and other feasts. If you need more information about the dish, just feel free to ask me. Wish you success in the competition! Yours, sincerely Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给澳大利亚朋友John写信，为他推荐一种中国美食。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：competition→contest 举行：hold→host 美味的：delicious→tasty 组成：be composed of→consist of 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：If you need more information about the dish, just feel free to ask me. 拓展句：When you need more information about the dish, just feel free to ask me. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m so proud that your city is going to hold such a speech competition to promote Australians’ awareness of Chinese culture. (运用了that引导的结果状语从句) [高分句型2] If you need more information about the dish, just feel free to ask me. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 2．假如你是李华，你的美国朋友David上个月在扬州旅游期间品尝了扬州绿杨春茶，对中国茶文化表现出了非常浓厚的兴趣。回国后他发来邮件，希望你介绍中国茶文化，请你写一份邮件，内容主要包括： 1.中国茶文化历史悠久、茶叶种类丰富； 2.茶在中国人生活中的重要性； 3.希望世界上有更多的人品尝中国茶，了解中国文化。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当发挥想象，增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear David, I am very glad to learn that you are very fond of Chinese tea. I am pleased to introduce something about Chinese tea culture to you. Chinese tea has a very long history, and it has been very popular since ancient times. As an important part of our country’s cultural heritage, Chinese tea has various kinds and flavors, such as green tea, black tea and white tea, of which Pu’er and Longjing are the most famous, and there are many tea houses in which people get together to get relaxed. I hope more and more friends all over the world like Chinese tea and learn about Chinese culture. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友David写一份邮件，向他介绍中国茶文化。其内容包括：茶的历史、茶在人们生活中的作用和希望更多人了解茶。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 喜欢：be fond of→be keen on 重要的：important→significant 各种各样的：various→varieties of 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Chinese tea has a very long history, and it has been very popular since ancient times.（并列句） 拓展句：Chinese tea has a very long history, which has been very popular since ancient times.（非限制性定语从句） 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am very glad to learn that you are very fond of Chinese tea. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] As an important part of our country’s cultural heritage, Chinese tea has various kinds and flavors, such as green tea, black tea and white tea, of which Pu’er and Longjing are the most famous, and there are many tea houses in which people get together to get relaxed.(运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句) 3．假如你是一家餐馆的经理，请你用英语向来自国外的游客介绍一下中国的传统美食——水饺。内容包括以下几个方面： 1. 中国传统美食之一， 几乎人人喜爱。 2. 形状像古代的金锭，是财富的象征。 3. 制作水饺需要全家参与，代表着团圆。 注意：1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 金锭gold ingot ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 My favorite food is a traditional food loved very much by Chinese people—dumplings. I first tried them more than ten years ago. Small child as I was at that time, I ate almost a big bowl of dumplings because they were so delicious. The shape of a dumpling is similar to that of an ancient Chinese gold ingot, so dumplings symbolize wealth. Making dumplings is really teamwork, so all the family members often work together, during which they share their life stories with each other. In this way, making dumplings is also a symbol of union. Now more and more foreigners are fond of the taste of dumplings. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。假如你是一家餐馆的经理，请你用英语向来自国外的游客介绍一下中国的传统美食——水饺。 【详解】1.词汇积累 传统的：traditional→conventional 喜欢：be fond of→like 美味的：delicious→tasty 财富：wealth→fortune 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：My favorite food is a traditional food loved very much by Chinese people—dumplings. I first tried them more than ten years ago. 拓展句：My favorite food is a traditional food loved very much by Chinese people—dumplings, which I first tried more than ten years ago. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Small child as I was at that time, I ate almost a big bowl of dumplings because they were so delicious. (运用了because引导原因状语从句) [高分句型2] Making dumplings is really teamwork, so all the family members often work together, during which they share their life stories with each other. (运用了“介词+which”结构非限制性定语从句) 4．假定你是李华，你校将举办以“中英传统美食”为主题的交流会。请写封邮件将此事告知你的英国朋友Peter,内容包括： 1.时间和地点; 2.交流会内容; 3.要求：提前准备素材。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I am more than delighted to tell you that an exchange meeting with the theme of traditional food in China and Britain will be held in our school soon. So I am writing to tell you something about it. As planned, the meeting will be held in the school lecture hall from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon next Sunday. You can share your own country’s traditional food that impresses you most. It’s worth mentioning that you should make some preparations in advance, such as related material. I firmly believe yow will have a good time. Yours. Li Hua 【导语】你校将举办以“中英传统美食”为主题的交流会。请写封邮件将此事告知你的英国朋友Peter，内容包括：1.时间和地点；2.交流会内容；3.要求：提前准备素材。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→pleased 告诉：tell→inform 计划：plan→schedule 提前：in advance→ahead of schedule 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As planned, the meeting will be held in the school lecture hall from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon next Sunday. 拓展句：As is planned, the meeting will be held in the school lecture hall from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon next Sunday. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You can share your own country’s traditional food that impresses you most. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】It’s worth mentioning that you should make some preparations in advance, such as related material. (运用了that引导的主语从句) 5．假如你是省实验中学学生会主席李健，为响应近期我校“注重培养学生健康生活习惯”的号召，用下面给出的要点提示，给全校同学写一封倡议书。 1. 注意合理饮食：多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果，不要吃太多垃圾食品。 2. 适当参加体育锻炼；非必要不出门；戴口罩；不去人多的地方。 3. 注意休息，保证充足睡眠。 注意： 1. 字数100字左右 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯 Dear fellow students, Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In short, let’s take action to improve our health. Li Jian 【答案】Dear fellow students,      Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life. I think we should take measures to improve the present situation of our health.As we all know, we teenagers grow very fast, so we need plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, beans, fresh fruits and vegetables, all of which can protect us against diseases. We should not take in too much junk food or too many sweets. Additionally, physical exercise is needed instead of studying all the time. What’s more, having enough sleep is of great benefit . Therefore, I sincerely suggest that we should have at least eight hours of sleep every day and get rid of the habit of staying up too late. Only in this way can we keep fit.       In short, let’s take action to improve our health.                                                                       Li Jian 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为响应近期学校“注重培养学生健康生活习惯”的号召给全校同学写一封倡议书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 采取措施：take measures→take steps/ take action 此外：additionally/ What ’s more→in addition/ furthermore/ besides/ moreover 有很大的好处：be very beneficial→be of great benefit 保持健康：keep fit→keep healthy/ keep in good health/ stay healthy 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句： Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life. I think we should take measures to improve the present situation of our health. 拓展句：To live a healthy life, our school is aiming to call on us students to take measures to improve the present situation of our health. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As we all know, we teenagers grow very fast, so we need plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, beans, fresh fruits and vegetables, all of which can protect us against diseases. (运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Only in this way can we keep fit. (运用了部分倒装句式)   1．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter春节打算来中国度假。因为他在中国期间将和一个寄宿家庭一起居住，所以他想知道一些中国的餐桌礼仪，以便能更好地适应中国的生活。请你根据下面的提示，给他写一封邮件，告诉他一些中国的餐桌礼仪。 要点提示: 1. 分享餐桌上的所有食物; 2. 用筷子吃饭，但不要把筷子插进食物中; 3. 就餐时，长辈先吃你才可以动手，可以互相交谈，但声音不可太大 要求: 1. 必须使用所给的提示内容，并适当发挥; 2. 不少于100词(邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Peter, I’m glad that you’ll take a trip to China and live with a Chinese host family during the Spring Festival. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’ glad that you will take a trip to China and live with a Chinese host family during the Spring Festival. Now let me introduce some Chinese table manners to you. Firstly, you’re supposed to share all the food on the table, showing appreciation for the hospitality of the host and hostess. Secondly, you will have to eat with chopsticks instead of knives and forks, which seems difficult for you, but the host will teach you how to use them. What is worth mentioning is that you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks into your food because it’s impolite. Besides, you’re allowed to talk with others while eating so long as you don’t speak too loudly. Most importantly, you can’t start eating until the elders are seated and pick up their chopsticks. In short, doing as the locals do is a good strategy not only to make yourself at home but also to avoid trouble. I hope these can be helpful to you. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生写封邮件告知即将来中国过春节的美国笔友一些中国的餐桌礼仪。 【详解】1.词汇积累 感谢：appreciation→gratitude 困难的：difficult→tough 此外：besides → what’s more 总之：in short→in brief 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Now let me introduce some Chinese table manners to you. 拓展句：Now let me introduce some Chinese table manners to you, which will help you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, you will have to eat with chopsticks instead of knives and forks, which seems difficult for you, but the host will teach you how to use them..（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】What is worth mentioning is that you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks into your food because it’s impolite.（运用了what引导的主语从句及that引导的表语从句和because引导的原因状语从句） 2．假定你是李华。你的外国朋友Smith对中国饮食文化很感兴趣。新年临近，他写信向你了解新年的传统食物，请你给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1. 年夜饭经典的食物； 2. 食物的寓意； 3. 邀请他来中国体验。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 参考词汇：年夜饭 family reunion dinner ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Smith, I’m glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese food culture, especially our tradition during the Chinese New Year. Let me introduce the family reunion dinner. The classic dishes that grace our dinner table include fish, dumplings, spring rolls and rice cakes. Each dish carries its own symbolic meaning, adding depth to our celebration. Fish symbolizes abundance and prosperity, with the pronunciation of fish in Chinese sounding similar to “surplus”. It signifies hopes for a bountiful year ahead. Dumplings, shaped like ancient Chinese currency, represent wealth and good luck. Spring rolls symbolize wealth and prosperity, while rice cakes convey wishes for growth and success. I want to invite you to visit China and experience the Chinese New Year festivities firsthand. It would be a great opportunity for you to taste these delicious dishes. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给想了解中国新年传统食物的外国朋友Smith回信，需为他介绍年夜饭中经典的食物，并告知这些食物的寓意，最后邀请他来中国体验年夜饭。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→have an interest in 象征：symbolize→signify, represent, stand for 丰富的：bountiful→abundant 表达：convey→express 美味的：delicious→tasty, flavorsome 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Each dish carries its own symbolic meaning, adding depth to our celebration. 拓展句：Each dish carries its own symbolic meaning, which adds depth to our celebration. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese food culture, especially our tradition during the Chinese New Year. (运用了that引导名词性从句作hear的宾语) [高分句型2] The classic dishes that grace our dinner table include fish, dumplings, spring rolls and rice cakes. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句) ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Food and Culture (说明文）（人教版2019） Write about a healthy diet（说明文） 单元话题 真题展示 考情预测 说明文 2018年全国卷 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于健康饮食的文章，属于说明文的范畴，旨在通过帮助学生积累有关健康饮食的知识，深化对健康饮食这一主题的理解，并反思自身饮食习惯。 Use what you have learnt to write an essay about your own diet. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter春节打算来中国度假。因为他在中国期间将和一个寄宿家庭一起居住，所以他想知道一些中国的餐桌礼仪，以便能更好地适应中国的生活。请你根据下面的提示，给他写一封邮件，告诉他一些中国的餐桌礼仪。 要点提示: 1. 分享餐桌上的所有食物; 2. 用筷子吃饭，但不要把筷子插进食物中; 3. 就餐时，长辈先吃你才可以动手，可以互相交谈，但声音不可太大 要求: 1. 必须使用所给的提示内容，并适当发挥; 2. 不少于100词(邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。 说明文是写作中常见的一种文体，用简明的文字来说明事物，不带任何个人感情色彩，不需要生动的细节和背景，纯粹是客观的阐述。写作时应注意以下几个方面： 1．写作时抓住事物的特征，即抓住事物的个性特征。 2．安排合理的说明顺序，如时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序等。 3．恰当地使用说明方法，如下定义说明、举例说明、分类说明、比较说明、引用说明、比喻说明、数字说明等。 4．语言简练、用词准确，具有科学性、客观性、知识性。 段落 内容 句子设计 开头 开门见山，引出话题 Overall, I think I have healthy/unhealthy eating habits. As for the things that I am doing right,... Still, I should improve my eating habits by... 主体 进行客观具体事实的描述 quotation figures comparison explanation examples 结尾 给出自己的观点 To sum up/ In summary/ In general/ In short. 【词汇积累】:积累单元话题词汇; 1． __________________　　 对某人的健康有害 2． __________________ 对某人的健康有好处 3． __________________ 对……乐观 4． __________________ 对……悲观 5． __________________ 强身健体 6． __________________ 养成好的饮食习惯 7． __________________ 精神状态 8． __________________ 自我放松 9 __________________ 保持健康 10． __________________ 遭受 11． __________________ 不健康的饮食习惯 12． __________________ 富含 13． __________________ 含量……高/低 14． __________________ 节食 15． __________________ (身体)垮掉 16． __________________ 治愈某人…… 【句式积累】: 1．常用开头句 ①Living a healthy lifestyle lies in having a healthy diet. What is a healthy diet? 拥有健康的生活方式在于有健康的饮食习惯。 什么是健康饮食呢？ ②Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. But how can we form a healthy eating habit? 健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康非常重要。 但是我们如何才能养成健康的饮食习惯呢？ ③I am sorry to hear that you have been gaining/putting on weight recently and you are upset about it. 我很抱歉听到你最近体重增加了，而且你对此很不高兴。 ④Recently, I have a big headache that I always like to eat fast food so much. 最近我遇到一件头疼的事，就是我总是喜欢吃如此多的快餐。 ⑤Do you have a healthy diet? A healthy diet is actually a balanced one. 你有健康的饮食习惯吗？ 健康的饮食实际上是均衡的饮食。 ⑥People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before. 如今，人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康。 2．常用中间句 ①Don't skip breakfast. 不要不吃早餐。 ②Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. 多吃谷物、水果和蔬菜。 ③We'd better take part in more outdoor activities instead of sitting in front of TV sets or computers for a long time, which is bad for our health. 我们最好多参加户外活动，而不是在电视或电脑前坐很长时间，这对我们的健康有害。 ④A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally. 均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。 ⑤We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health. 我们必须承认吃垃圾食品有害健康的事实。 ⑥I would strongly advise you to combine the balanced diet and exercise. 我会强烈建议你把均衡的饮食和锻炼结合起来。 ⑦A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins, fibre and mineral. 健康饮食包括吃各种各样的富含维生素、纤维和矿物质的食物。 ⑧In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. 在我看来，我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯以增强体质。 3．常用结束句 ①I hope you'll find these suggestions helpful. 我希望你会发现这些建议有帮助。 ②Only in this way can you have a healthy diet in the future. 只有这样，在未来你才能养成健康的饮食习惯。 ③All in all, we should eat healthy food to keep ourselves energetic. 总之，我们应该吃健康的食物来保持精力充沛。 ④Could you give me some suggestions and a healthy recipe for me? 你能给我一些建议和一份健康饮食食谱吗？ ⑤As the saying goes, you are what you eat. In order to keep fit, please have a healthy diet. 正如俗话所说，人如其食。 为了保持健康，请养成健康的饮食习惯。 【万能写作模板】给出写作模板,便于识记。 What I have known about is that __________________.(具体描述某事物)    First of all,  __________________ (具体阐述要点一) . What’s more,  __________________ (具体阐述要点二). As a college student,  __________________ (结合自身描述要点三).     In conclusion, __________________ (做出总结) . Therefore, we should __________________(提出建 议). 1．假定你是李华，请用你学到的知识写一篇关于你自己饮食的文章。 注意:词数80左右; _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生用学到的知识写一篇关于你自己饮食的文章。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 对……有害：do harm to→ __________________ 各种各样的：a variety of→ __________________ 简言之：put simply→ __________________ 充满：be full of→ __________________ 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I hope to follow a balanced diet to build up a strong body. 拓展句： 【点睛】[高分句型1] The fruits and vegetables that I eat are full of vitamins and minerals. (运用了 引导定语从句) [高分句型2] I could prepare some healthy dishes in advance that I can eat when I’m too busy. (运用了 引导时间状语从句) [审题] 1. 确定体裁：本文为一篇 文。 2. 确定时态：一般 时为主。 3. 确定人称：第 人称。 [谋篇] 第一段：我的饮食是否健康。 第二段：我的不良饮食习惯以及如何改正坏习惯。 第三段：总结我的观点。 [核心词汇] 汉译英 2．健康的饮食习惯 3．富含维生素和矿物质 4．挑食 5．对健康有害 6．强身健体 [连词成句] 7．简言之，我的大部分饮食都含有对我身体有益的食物。（汉译英） 8．我吃水果和蔬菜，它们富含维生素和矿物质。（汉译英） 9．我经常太忙而忘记吃饭。（汉译英） 10．我可以提前准备一些健康的食物。（汉译英） 11．当我太忙的时候我可以吃一些健康食物。（汉译英） 12．我应该避免在电视前吃饭。（汉译英） 13．在电视前面太容易吃太多。（汉译英） 【答案】It is too easy to eat too much in front of the TV. 14．做出正确的关于饮食的决定是我的责任。（汉译英） [句式升级] 15．I eat fruits and vegetables and they are full of vitamins and minerals.（改写成定语从句） 16．I am sometimes too busy and forget to eat.（用“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构改写） 17．合成主从复合句。 I could prepare some healthy food/dishes in advance. I can eat some healthy food/dishes when I’m too busy. 18．合成复合句，状语从句用as引导。 I should avoid eating in front of the TV. It is too easy to eat too much in front of the TV. [连句成篇] 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 书面表达 1．假定你是李华。你的澳大利亚朋友John写信告诉你，他将参加他所在城市举行的“我所了解的中国美食”的演讲比赛，请求你为他推荐一种中国美食。请你给他回信，要点包括： 1. 收信时的感想； 2. 推荐并介绍中国美食； 3. 预祝对方取得好成绩。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2: 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．假如你是李华，你的美国朋友David上个月在扬州旅游期间品尝了扬州绿杨春茶，对中国茶文化表现出了非常浓厚的兴趣。回国后他发来邮件，希望你介绍中国茶文化，请你写一份邮件，内容主要包括： 1.中国茶文化历史悠久、茶叶种类丰富； 2.茶在中国人生活中的重要性； 3.希望世界上有更多的人品尝中国茶，了解中国文化。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当发挥想象，增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．假如你是一家餐馆的经理，请你用英语向来自国外的游客介绍一下中国的传统美食——水饺。内容包括以下几个方面： 1. 中国传统美食之一， 几乎人人喜爱。 2. 形状像古代的金锭，是财富的象征。 3. 制作水饺需要全家参与，代表着团圆。 注意：1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 金锭gold ingot ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．假定你是李华，你校将举办以“中英传统美食”为主题的交流会。请写封邮件将此事告知你的英国朋友Peter,内容包括： 1.时间和地点; 2.交流会内容; 3.要求：提前准备素材。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 5．假如你是省实验中学学生会主席李健，为响应近期我校“注重培养学生健康生活习惯”的号召，用下面给出的要点提示，给全校同学写一封倡议书。 1. 注意合理饮食：多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果，不要吃太多垃圾食品。 2. 适当参加体育锻炼；非必要不出门；戴口罩；不去人多的地方。 3. 注意休息，保证充足睡眠。 注意： 1. 字数100字左右 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯 Dear fellow students, Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In short, let’s take action to improve our health. Li Jian   1．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter春节打算来中国度假。因为他在中国期间将和一个寄宿家庭一起居住，所以他想知道一些中国的餐桌礼仪，以便能更好地适应中国的生活。请你根据下面的提示，给他写一封邮件，告诉他一些中国的餐桌礼仪。 要点提示: 1. 分享餐桌上的所有食物; 2. 用筷子吃饭，但不要把筷子插进食物中; 3. 就餐时，长辈先吃你才可以动手，可以互相交谈，但声音不可太大 要求: 1. 必须使用所给的提示内容，并适当发挥; 2. 不少于100词(邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Peter, I’m glad that you’ll take a trip to China and live with a Chinese host family during the Spring Festival. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 2．假定你是李华。你的外国朋友Smith对中国饮食文化很感兴趣。新年临近，他写信向你了解新年的传统食物，请你给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1. 年夜饭经典的食物； 2. 食物的寓意； 3. 邀请他来中国体验。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 参考词汇：年夜饭 family reunion dinner ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$