专题11 非谓语动词 动名词-十年（2015-2024）高考英语语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编

十年（2015-2024）高考英语 语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编 专题11 非谓语动词-动名词 （原卷版） Part 1 考点分类+考频统计 题源 考点 考频 专项 考频 2014-2024年历年真题59篇 非谓语动词 101 不定式 45 动名词 17 过去分词 20 现在分词 19 Part 2 十年真题 1． [2024年全国I卷] The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 2． [2023年全国乙卷] As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8.______ (record) everything I discovered. 3． [2021年全国甲卷] After 4_____ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 4． [2021年全国乙卷]    ● Minimize the impact of __7___ (visit) the place. 5． [2020年全国II卷] They represent the earth 3 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 6． [2019年全国I卷] Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 7． [2019年全国II卷] A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 1 （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 8． [2018年全国I卷] You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. 9． [2018年全国III卷] I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged. 10． [2018年浙江卷6月]I still remember 4 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years. 11． [2017年全国I卷] Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 12． [2017年全国II卷] This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 13． [2017年全国III卷] But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). 14． [2016年全国I卷] My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 15． [2015年全国II卷] In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 4 (use)electric equipment. 16． [2014年全国II卷] One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 (be) late for school. 17． [2014年全国II卷] Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). 18． [2014年辽宁卷] Keep 4 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Part 3 最新模拟题 1. [杭州二中钱江学校] In the UK, twins Melissa and Oliver Fu, owners of Mei Mei’s Street Cart are bringing the joys of jianbing first to London and now Manchester despite all the difficulty they have in______45______(perfect) their technique. 2. [2024年云学名校联盟高一年级３月联考]Sun Tzu made the major ___63___ (appear) of his life as a military strategist for King Ho-Lu, in the state of Wu, also known for ___64___ (win) many great battles in history. 3. [23-24高三上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习]Human clearance teams worry about 36 (send) to hard-to-reach vegetation patches (土地) goats don’t. 4. [2024·四川绵阳·二模]After 196 (boil) them, he gave the medicinal food to the people there on the day of the winter solstice. 5. [2022·广西南宁·二模]There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder,to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth, and finally 215 (draw) the pictures. 6. [22-23高一上·全国·单元测试] 291 (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. 7. [22-23高一上·全国·单元测试]After 295 (listen) to the scientists and citizens, the government turned to the United Nations for help. 8. 【重庆八中高2024级高三(上)一诊适应性考试】Many quick service restaurant owners are looking ahead to a future where automation will play an important role. They believe it will be the key to greatly ____36____(increase) their thin profits and allow their workers to shine in the tasks no machine can do. 9. 【上海市闵行区2023学年第一学期高三学业质量调研英语】Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to ____9____ (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. 10. 【北京市东城区2023—2024学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）】Some teachers see it as a ____19____ (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. Part 4 短文语法填空 · 真题 + 模拟题 【2020年北京卷】 A Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 (play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible. B Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 countless tiny pieces, and fish cam accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7 (country)and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. C A piece of stone 8 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 10 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 【2020年浙江卷1月】 Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 1 (be)30-today it is 41 and is expected 2 (increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 3 (number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six. This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large 5 (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 6 (old)than before. This is 7 (particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9 (place)on longevity(长寿). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 【2020年浙江卷6月】 Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1 ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 2 could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. Farming produced more food per person 3 hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 4 （need）. Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5 （change）lives. By about 6000 BC，people 6 （discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 7 （season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 8 （make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 9 rise of science，changes began. New methods 10 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥）have now totally transformed a way，of life that started in the Stone Age. 【2024届河北省沧州市部分学校高三下学期一模英语试题】 The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket, developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace, 36 (launch) into space on September 9th, 2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites into orbit. It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket, the 37 (late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit. The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 38 (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the 39 (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket, and also 40 (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry. The ZQ-2 Y3 has 41 total length of 49.5 meters, which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth. Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons, 42 can facilitate the deployment (部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft. Now China is home 43 world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials, electronic information, and equipment required for rocket manufacturing (制造). 44 (obvious), the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages 45 (benefit) China’s Internet constellation (互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future. 【2024届云南省大理州高三毕业生第一次复习统一检测英语试题】 Porcelain, also named china, is made by heating raw materials, often a mix between china stone and kaolin clay, in a kiln (窑) at a temperature as high as 1, 200 degree Celsius, which is key 36 making porcelain. 37 (go)through the fire of reinvention at a high temperature gives porcelain with greater 38 (strong), more translucence (半透明) and a feast of colors. Blue porcelain produced in Longquan, Zhejiang province, a technique which 39 (pass) down at least 1, 600 years ago, is a typical example of craftsmen’s pursuit of the perfect green light. And 40 takes 72 steps to produce Longquan celadon’s jade-like green. Plum green and light green are two colors of the best quality. Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the first goods 41 (receive) worldwide trade. As it 42 (gradual) travelled around the globe through the ancient Maritime Silk Road, porcelain enjoyed great popularity among royal families and upper classes in Europe, 43 were attracted by these beautiful containers they named after China, a product that could be produced only in the far East. Porcelain began as a 44 (practice) container and evolved into pieces of art. Even when shattered into pieces and buried deep in mud, cultural values 45 (attach) to porcelain would never disappear. 【2024届山西省省际学校高三下学期一模考试英语试题 】 What does your face look like when you sleep? Researchers discovered that people may have negative 36 (face) expressions while asleep, according to a paper 37 (publishing) in the Journal of Sleep Research. Rapid eye movement (REM) is the stage of sleep 38 which people dream. During REM sleep, people’s bodies tend to move more, such as their eyes moving rapidly when their eyes are closed. The researchers gathered 91 adult participants, including health y people and those with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is 39 sleep disorder in which patients physically act out their dreams 40 (unknowing). The researchers put electrodes (电极) on both of their cheeks and recorded their faces during sleep. In this way, slight muscle movements can 41 (record), making sure the study result is accurate. Frowns (皱眉) were observed during sleep in more than 97 percent of the participants and were also likely 42 (occur) when their sleep was good and normal. Frowns appeared during REM sleep the most and had a lower 43 (frequent) in other sleep stages. Healthy participants also tended to show other negative expressions apart from frowns. Things were far 44 (bad) for patients with RBD．They showed mostly painful expressions and sometimes sadness and anger. Negative behavior, such as shouting, painful moaning (呻吟), 45 speaking, was also observed. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 十年（2015-2024）高考英语 语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编 专题11 非谓语动词-动名词 （解析版） Part 1 考点分类+考频统计 题源 考点 考频 专项 考频 2014-2024年历年真题59篇 非谓语动词 101 不定式 45 动名词 17 过去分词 20 现在分词 19 Part 2 十年真题 1． [2024年全国I卷] The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 【答案】 engineering 【解析】句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 2． [2023年全国乙卷] As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8.______ (record) everything I discovered. 【答案】recording 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 3． [2021年全国甲卷] After 4_____ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 【答案】spending 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。此处After为介词，应用动名词，作介词宾语。故填spending。 4． [2021年全国乙卷]    ● Minimize the impact of __7___ (visit) the place. 【答案】visiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。 5． [2020年全国II卷] They represent the earth 3 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 【答案】coming 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以空处填非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，这里the earth coming back to life是动名词的复合结构，作represent的宾语。故填coming。 6． [2019年全国I卷] Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 【答案】noting 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词作宾语，故填noting。 7． [2019年全国II卷] A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 1 （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 【答案】being 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：一位90岁的女性被称为“年度女性”，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工，每周仍工作40小时。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。 8． [2018年全国I卷] You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. 【答案】dying 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。 9． [2018年全国III卷] I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged. 【答案】looking 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。 10． [2018年浙江卷6月]I still remember 4 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years. 【答案】visiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。 11． [2017年全国I卷] Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 【答案】eating 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。by为介词，后接名词、动名词作宾语，故填eating。 12． [2017年全国II卷] This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 【答案】laying 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式作宾语，故填laying。 13． [2017年全国III卷] But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). 【答案】resting 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：但与她的学校朋友不同的是，16岁的莎拉并没有在期中休息。sb. spend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型，意为“某人花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填resting。 14． [2016年全国I卷] My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 【答案】introducing 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。介词后面用动名词，此处用动名词作include的宾语。故填introducing。 15． [2015年全国II卷] In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 4 (use)electric equipment. 【答案】using 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。 介词without后接动名词use去掉字母e再加-ing。故填using。 16． [2014年全国II卷] One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 (be) late for school. 【答案】being 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。句意：一天早上，我在公共汽车站等车，担心上学迟到。about为介词,其后接名词、代词或动名词,故填being。 17． [2014年全国II卷] Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). 【答案】riding 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：尽管如此，男孩还是继续骑。keep doing sth固定用法，意为“一直做某事”。故填riding。 18． [2014年辽宁卷] Keep 4 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. 【答案】holding 【解析】考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：保持你的位置一段时间。keep doing sth继续做某事,固定搭配。符合句意。故填holding。 Part 3 最新模拟题 1. [杭州二中钱江学校] In the UK, twins Melissa and Oliver Fu, owners of Mei Mei’s Street Cart are bringing the joys of jianbing first to London and now Manchester despite all the difficulty they have in______45______(perfect) their technique. 【答案】perfecting 【解析】句意：在英国，梅梅街头小推车的老板梅莉莎和奥利弗·傅先把煎饼的乐趣带到伦敦，现在又把煎饼的乐趣带到曼彻斯特，尽管他们在完善他们的技术方面遇到了很多困难。根据“in”可知，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填perfecting。 2. [2024年云学名校联盟高一年级３月联考]Sun Tzu made the major ___63___ (appear) of his life as a military strategist for King Ho-Lu, in the state of Wu, also known for ___64___ (win) many great battles in history. 【答案】 winning 【解析】句意：孙子一生中最重要的角色是吴国和鲁王的军事战略家，他在历史上也以赢得许多伟大的战役而闻名。作介词for的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填winning。 3. [23-24高三上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习]Human clearance teams worry about 36 (send) to hard-to-reach vegetation patches (土地) goats don’t. 【答案】being sent 【解析】句意：人类清理队担心被送到难以到达的植被地带，而山羊则不担心。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，介词about后应为动名词形式，且send与逻辑主语Human clearance teams之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式。故填being sent。 4. [2024·四川绵阳·二模]After 196 (boil) them, he gave the medicinal food to the people there on the day of the winter solstice. 【答案】boiling 【解析】句意：煮熟后，他在冬至那天把这种药膳送给那里的人们。空处作介词“After”的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填boiling。 5. [2022·广西南宁·二模]There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder,to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth, and finally 215 (draw) the pictures. 【答案】drawing 【解析】句意：从磨成细粉，到倒开水，搅拌成浓沫，最后画图，总共有十几道工序。空处和“pouring”、“stirring”并列，需填动名词drawing作介词to的宾语。故填drawing。 6. [22-23高一上·全国·单元测试] 291 (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. 【答案】Keeping 【解析】句意：在发展和文化遗址保护之间保持正确的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Keeping。 7. [22-23高一上·全国·单元测试]After 295 (listen) to the scientists and citizens, the government turned to the United Nations for help. 【答案】listening 【解析】句意：在听取了科学家和市民的意见后，政府向联合国寻求帮助。after为介词后接动名词作宾语。故填listening。 8. 【重庆八中高2024级高三(上)一诊适应性考试】Many quick service restaurant owners are looking ahead to a future where automation will play an important role. They believe it will be the key to greatly ____36____(increase) their thin profits and allow their workers to shine in the tasks no machine can do. 【答案】increasing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们相信，这将是大大增加他们微薄利润的关键，并让他们的工人在机器无法完成的任务中大放异彩分析句子，设空处使用increase的动名词increasing作宾语。故填increasing。 9. 【上海市闵行区2023学年第一学期高三学业质量调研英语】Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to ____9____ (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. 【答案】 checking 【解析】考查动名词。句意：Müller博士希望一种自动检查结果的方法可以帮助监督这些工作。根据空前的approach to 可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，意为“……的方法”。故填checking。 10. 【北京市东城区2023—2024学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）】Some teachers see it as a ____19____ (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. 【答案】 cheating 【解析】考查动名词。句意：一些老师认为这是一种作弊工具。动名词形式作定语修饰名词tool，用来表示该名词的用途、目的或场合，cheating修饰tool，意为“用来作弊的工具”，故填cheating。 Part 4 短文语法填空 · 真题 + 模拟题 【2020年北京卷】 A Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 (play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible. 【文体】记叙文：主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。 【答案】 1．plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2．lucky 3．if/whether 1．考查谓语动词-时态-一般现在时/现在完成时/现在进行时/现在完成进行时。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。主语food为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。 2．考查词性转换n.-adj.。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 3．考查名词性从句-宾语从句。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 B Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 countless tiny pieces, and fish cam accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7 (country)and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 【文体】说明文，介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害，应禁止使用。 【答案】 4．are thrown 5．to break 6．into/to 7．countries 4．考查谓语动词-时态语态-一般现在时的被动。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语they（Single-use plastic bags ）和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 5．考查非谓语动词-不定式作主语。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填to break。 6．考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fall apart into/to...（分崩离析成……），介词into/to可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故填into/to。 7．考查名词单复数。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用。lots of修饰可数名词复数，故填countries。 C A piece of stone 8 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 10 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 【文体】说明文：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。 【答案】 8．found 9．lived/had lived/had been living 10．smarter 8．考查非谓语动词-过去分词作定语。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。 9．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时/过去完成时/过去完成进行时。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。 【2020年浙江卷1月】 Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 1 (be)30-today it is 41 and is expected 2 (increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 3 (number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six. This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large 5 (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 6 (old)than before. This is 7 (particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9 (place)on longevity(长寿). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 【文体】说明文：主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题，并文体了其产生的两个原因。 【答案】 1． was 2．to increase 3．numbers 4．by 5．compared 6．older 7．particularly 8．a 9．be placed 10．and 1．考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-一般过去时的单三形式。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 2．考查非谓语动词-不定式作主补。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。 3．考查名词单复数。句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人——1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。 4．考查介词。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。 5．考查谓语动词-被动语态。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。 7．考查词性转换adj.-adv.。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。 8．考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 9．考查谓语动词-被动语态（含情态动词）。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。 10．考查并列连词and。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and，故填and。 【2020年浙江卷6月】 Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1 ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 2 could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. Farming produced more food per person 3 hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 4 （need）. Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5 （change）lives. By about 6000 BC，people 6 （discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 7 （season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 8 （make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 9 rise of science，changes began. New methods 10 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥）have now totally transformed a way，of life that started in the Stone Age. 【文体】说明文：文章讲述了农业的发展历史。 【答案】 1． in 2．what 3．than 4．was needed 5．to change 6．had discovered 7．seasons 8．making 9．the 10．meant. 1．考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。文体可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。 2．考查名词性从句-宾语从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。文体句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。 3．考查比较连词than。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。 4．考查谓语动词-时态语态-一般过去时的被动。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。文体句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 5．考查非谓语动词-不定式作目的状语。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。文体句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。文体句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。 6．考查谓语动词-时态-过去完成时。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。文体句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered. 7．考查名词单复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。文体句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。 8．考查非谓语动词-现在分词作状语。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。文体句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。 9．考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。 10．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。文体句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。 【2024届河北省沧州市部分学校高三下学期一模英语试题】 The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket, developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace, 36 (launch) into space on September 9th, 2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites into orbit. It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket, the 37 (late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit. The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 38 (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the 39 (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket, and also 40 (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry. The ZQ-2 Y3 has 41 total length of 49.5 meters, which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth. Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons, 42 can facilitate the deployment (部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft. Now China is home 43 world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials, electronic information, and equipment required for rocket manufacturing (制造). 44 (obvious), the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages 45 (benefit) China’s Internet constellation (互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章主要介绍了中国私营航天公司蓝箭航天研发的ZQ-2 Y3火箭，它于2023年9月9日从酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射升空，将三颗卫星送入轨道。 36．was launched 37．latest 38．planned 39．maturity 40．marking 41．a 42．which 43．to 44．Obviously 45．will benefit 36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：ZQ-2 Y3火箭，由中国私营航空航天公司LandSpace开发，于2023年9月9日从酒泉卫星发射中心发射到太空，将三颗卫星送入轨道。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket与launch之间是被动关系，同时on September 9th, 2023为一般过去时时间标志，故使用一般过去时被动语态。故填was launched。 37．考查形容词最高级。句意：这是该公司使用ZQ-2系列火箭的第二次成功飞行，是中国民营航空航天公司将卫星送入轨道的最新例子。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表示“最新的例子”故使用late的最高级latest。故填latest。 38．考查形容词。句意：此次发射成功地将三颗商业卫星送入距地球约460公里的计划轨道，进一步凸显了ZQ-2运载火箭的成熟度和稳定性，也标志着该公司和中国商业航空航天业向前迈出了一步。分析句子，设空处使用plan的形容词作定语，修饰orbit，此处表示“根据计划的，有计划的”用planned。故填planned。 39．考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用mature的名词maturity作宾语，与后文的stability构成并列。故填maturity。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中delivered为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处the launch与mark之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词与前文的highlighting构成并列。故填marking。 41．考查冠词。句意：ZQ-2 Y3总长度为49.5米，能够将1.5吨的有效载荷放置在距地球约500公里的典型太阳同步轨道上。句中a total of为固定短语，意为“总计……”。故填a。 42．考查定语从句。句意：未来的模型最终可以将有效载荷增加到4吨，这可以促进低地球轨道卫星和货运航天器的部署。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实为物，故使用which。故填which。 43．考查介词。句意：现在，中国在原材料、电子信息和火箭制造所需设备等领域拥有世界级的企业。句中be home to为固定短语，意为“是……的所在地”。故填to。 44．考查副词。句意：显然，中国商业航天公司的快速发展和具有成本优势的国产火箭将在未来极大地有利于中国的互联网星座建设计划。分析句子，设空处使用obvious的副词obviously作状语，修饰句子，意为“明显地”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母应该大写。故填Obviously。 45．考查动词时态。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in the future为一般将来时的时间标志。故填will benefit。 【2024届云南省大理州高三毕业生第一次复习统一检测英语试题】 Porcelain, also named china, is made by heating raw materials, often a mix between china stone and kaolin clay, in a kiln (窑) at a temperature as high as 1, 200 degree Celsius, which is key 36 making porcelain. 37 (go)through the fire of reinvention at a high temperature gives porcelain with greater 38 (strong), more translucence (半透明) and a feast of colors. Blue porcelain produced in Longquan, Zhejiang province, a technique which 39 (pass) down at least 1, 600 years ago, is a typical example of craftsmen’s pursuit of the perfect green light. And 40 takes 72 steps to produce Longquan celadon’s jade-like green. Plum green and light green are two colors of the best quality. Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the first goods 41 (receive) worldwide trade. As it 42 (gradual) travelled around the globe through the ancient Maritime Silk Road, porcelain enjoyed great popularity among royal families and upper classes in Europe, 43 were attracted by these beautiful containers they named after China, a product that could be produced only in the far East. Porcelain began as a 44 (practice) container and evolved into pieces of art. Even when shattered into pieces and buried deep in mud, cultural values 45 (attach) to porcelain would never disappear. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国瓷器，尤其是浙江龙泉的青瓷的制作工艺以及其对欧洲的影响。 36．to 37．Going 38．strength 39．was passed 40．it 41．to receive 42．gradually 43．who 44．practical 45．attached 36． 考查介词。句意：瓷器，也叫china，是通过加热原料制成的，通常是瓷石和高岭土的混合物，在窑炉里加热到1200摄氏度，这是制作瓷器的关键。固定短语the key to doing sth“做某事的关键”，to是介词，其后接提示词的动名词形式作宾语。故填to。 37． 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过高温的再创造之火，使瓷器具有更大的强度，更半透明和色彩盛宴。设空处在句中为非谓语作主语，表示一般的，泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词的形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Going。 38． 考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用名词的形式作宾语，strength“强度”表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填strength。 39． 考查谓语动词。句意：浙江龙泉的青瓷技艺至少有1600年的历史，是工匠们追求完美绿光的典型代表。设空处在which引导的非限制性的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a technique；根据时间状语1,600 years ago可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，和句子的主语为被动关系，故设空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，结合主谓一致。故填was passed。 40． 考查形式主语it。句意：而龙泉青瓷的翡翠般的绿色需要72步才能生产出来。固定短语it takes sb some time to do sth花费某人一段时间去做某事，it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。故填it。 41． 考查非谓语动词。句意：与中国的丝绸和茶叶一样，瓷器是首批接受世界贸易的商品之一。当名词被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。 42． 考查副词。句意：随着瓷器通过古代海上丝绸之路逐渐传遍全球，它在欧洲的皇室和上层阶级中非常受欢迎，他们被这些美丽的容器所吸引，他们以中国的名字命名瓷器，这种产品只能在远东生产。设空处应用副词的形式作状语修饰动词。故填gradually。 43． 考查定语从句的引导词。句意见上题解析。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句，先行词为royal families and upper classes(欧洲的皇室和上层阶级)，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 44． 考查形容词。句意：瓷器最初是一种实用的容器，后来演变成艺术品。设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词container，故填practical。 45． 考查非谓语动词。句意：即使碎成碎片，被深埋在泥里，瓷器的文化价值也不会消失。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语values之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式做后置定语。故填attached。 【2024届山西省省际学校高三下学期一模考试英语试题 】 What does your face look like when you sleep? Researchers discovered that people may have negative 36 (face) expressions while asleep, according to a paper 37 (publishing) in the Journal of Sleep Research. Rapid eye movement (REM) is the stage of sleep 38 which people dream. During REM sleep, people’s bodies tend to move more, such as their eyes moving rapidly when their eyes are closed. The researchers gathered 91 adult participants, including health y people and those with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is 39 sleep disorder in which patients physically act out their dreams 40 (unknowing). The researchers put electrodes (电极) on both of their cheeks and recorded their faces during sleep. In this way, slight muscle movements can 41 (record), making sure the study result is accurate. Frowns (皱眉) were observed during sleep in more than 97 percent of the participants and were also likely 42 (occur) when their sleep was good and normal. Frowns appeared during REM sleep the most and had a lower 43 (frequent) in other sleep stages. Healthy participants also tended to show other negative expressions apart from frowns. Things were far 44 (bad) for patients with RBD．They showed mostly painful expressions and sometimes sadness and anger. Negative behavior, such as shouting, painful moaning (呻吟), 45 speaking, was also observed. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，研究表明人们在睡觉时可能会呈现出负面的面部表情，尤其是在REM睡眠阶段。 36．facial 37．published 38．in/during 39．a 40．unknowingly 41．be recorded 42．to occur 43．frequency 44．worse 45．and 36．考查形容词。句意：根据发表在《睡眠研究杂志》上的一篇论文，研究人员发现人们在睡觉时可能会有消极的面部表情。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的“expressions”。故填facial。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据发表在《睡眠研究杂志》上的一篇论文，研究人员发现人们在睡觉时可能会有消极的面部表情。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a paper”和动词“publish”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填published。 38．考查介词。句意：快速眼动(REM)是人们做梦的睡眠阶段，在快速眼动睡眠期间，人们的身体往往运动得更多，比如闭上眼睛时眼睛运动得很快。意为“在……期间”，用介词in或者during。故填in/during。 39．考查冠词。句意：研究人员收集了91名成年参与者，其中包括健康的人和患有快速眼动睡眠行为障碍(RBD)的人。快速眼动睡眠行为障碍是一种睡眠障碍，患者在不知情的情况下用身体表现出他们的梦。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指一种睡眠障碍，用不定冠词，sleep首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 40．考查副词。句意：研究人员收集了91名成年参与者，其中包括健康的人和患有快速眼动睡眠行为障碍(RBD)的人。快速眼动睡眠行为障碍是一种睡眠障碍，患者在不知情的情况下用身体表现出他们的梦。担当句子的状语，用副词形式。故填unknowingly。 41．考查语态。句意：这样，可以记录轻微的肌肉运动，确保研究结果的准确性。这里为本句谓语动词，情态动词之后用动词原形，主语为“slight muscle movements”，和动词“record”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填be recorded。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：超过97%的参与者在睡眠中会皱眉，当他们的睡眠良好和正常时，皱眉也可能发生。非谓语动词出现在形容词“likely”之后，构成短语：be likely to do sth.，意为“有可能做某事”。故填to occur。 43．考查名词。句意：皱眉在快速眼动睡眠期间出现最多，在其他睡眠阶段出现的频率较低。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作宾语。故填frequency。 44．考查比较级。句意：RBD患者的情况更糟。根据下文“They showed mostly painful expressions and sometimes sadness and anger.”可知，对于RBD患者而言，情况更糟糕。由此可知，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填worse。 45．考查连词。句意：消极的行为，如大喊大叫、痛苦的呻吟和说话，也被观察到。空前的“moaning”和空后的“speaking”之间为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$