专题14 名词单复数-十年（2015-2024）高考英语语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编

十年（2015-2024）高考英语 语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编 专题14 名词单复数 （原卷版） Part 1 考点分类+考频统计 题源 考点 考频 专项 考频 2014-2024年历年真题59篇 名词 64 n.-adj. 29 n.-v. 1 名词单复数 32 名词所有格 2 Part 2 十一年真题 1． [2024年甲卷] They are ____42____ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). 2． [2024年全国I卷] These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 3． [2024年全国II卷] Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 4． [2024年北京卷] To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 5． [2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷] They also need to be ready to give ___6___ (interview) in English with international journalists. 6． [2023年全国乙卷] But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ______ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 7． [2023年北京卷] Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 5 (city) from coastal winds. 8． [2023年浙江省1月]Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9 (event). 9． [2022年全国乙卷] China has a ___5___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 10． [2022年新高考I卷] The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 11． [2021年全国甲卷] Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9_____ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines. 12． [2021年全国乙卷] ___9__ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment. 13． [2021年新高考Ⅰ卷] The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___2____(human) are. 14． [2021年北京卷] Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____1___ (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. 15． [2020年全国新高考Ⅱ卷] the computer has become a common tool in most 4 （profession） 16． [2020年北京卷] Now, lots of 7 (country)and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 17． [2020年浙江卷1月] For Japan, the 3 (number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. 18． [2020年浙江卷6月] Later，they learned to work with the 7 （season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas，making use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields. 19． [2019年北京卷] No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 （activity） on Earth Day. 20． [2019年浙江卷1月] One study showed that 9 (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely to have children with birth defects. 21． [2018年全国I卷]A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause). 22． [2018年浙江卷1月] You wouldn't think that a few 3 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 23． [2018年浙江卷6月]Making Chinese 1 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. 24． [2017年全国I卷] This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 25． [2017年全国II卷] It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 26． [2017年全国III卷] She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 27． [2017年浙江卷]Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. 28． [2016年全国I卷] The nursery team switches him every few 9 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum—she never suspects. 29． [2016年全国II卷] Recent 6 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 30． [2016年四川卷] Any smell might attract natural 5 (enemy) that would try to eat the little comforting panda. 31． [2015年全国I卷]I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting). 32． [2014年全国I卷] While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Part 3 最新模拟题 1. [杭州二中钱江学校]Every neighborhood has its own Jianbing vendor(摊贩) serving breakfast from dawn through mid-morning, satisfying hungry____37____(local) on their way to work. 2. [浙江省北斗星盟高三适应性考试]There are a few ____62____ (requirement) that unite all of these spirits while also distinguishing them from Western drinks. 3. [2024·河北保定·一模]With its warm hospitality(好客), busy bazaars, and splendid 82 (palace), Jaipur is a treasure of history, culture, and architectural splendor. 4. [2024·江苏南京·一模]Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 115 (technique). 5. [22-23高三上·安徽·阶段练习] This is true for circles of all sizes, from 163 (penny) to pizzas to planets. 6. [2021·广东佛山·一模]According to 208 (expert), on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earth’s axis is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around the sun. 7. [23-24高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习]Karikó had to overcome even bigger 237 (challenge). 8. [20-21高一上·全国·课后作业] During the 1980s and 1990s, the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent, as hunters were shooting antelopes to make 244 (profit). 9. [2024·山东日照·一模]The 16 dancers come from the Chaoshan region of South China’s Guangdong province, the place where the dance originated, and traveled to England to spread 275 (wish) of good fortune in the Year of the Dragon to people in the United Kingdom. 10. 【2024届广东省广州市高三一模考试英语试题】These timeless architectural 45 (wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings. 11. 【2024届广东省深圳市高三第一次调研考试（一模）英语试题】 Having practiced Jianzi for over 30 years, Chai cherishes the physical and social 44 (benefit) the game brings. 12. 【2024届山东省青岛市高三一模考试英语试题】“Brands should capitalize on traditional Chinese culture to launch more innovative 44 (product),” a research fellow said, stressing that Spring Festival is the traditional festival Chinese people attach the most importance to, and it’s also a peak season for consumption. 13. 【东北三省三校（哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）】One of the most notable 38 (example) of China’s digital preservation effort is the Dunhuang Mogao Cave Project, the goal of which is to create a digital profile of the Mogao Caves with the help of 3D scanning and virtual reality software. 14. 【杭州第二中学新高考模拟试卷】For a long time, they were used to showcase traditional artworks like paintings, sculptures and ____38____(drawing). 15. 【台州市2024届高三第一次教学质量评估试题 】Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, has secured a place among the most popular ____56____ (destination) for the enchanting appeal. 16. 【2023年高三教学测试(2023.12)】“The ____38____ (practice) of greeting guests with tea are shared among multiple ethnic groups. 17. 【浙江省金华十校2021-2022学年高三上学期11月一模考试英语试题】 It says every region will experience multiple 45 （change) in weather, like sweltering heat and flooding. 18. 【2024届广东省河源中学高三上学期一调考试英语试题】 It was listed as one of the representative 39 (work) of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity by UNESCO in 2001. 19. 【2024届湖南省邵阳市高三上学期第一次联考（一模）英语试题】People routinely have their meals and family 65 (gathering) on the bed in cold winters. 20. 【2024届河北省保定市保定部分高中一模英语试题】With its warm hospitality(好客), busy bazaars, and splendid 57 (palace), Jaipur is a treasure of history, culture, and architectural splendor. Part 4 短文语法填空 · 真题 + 模拟题 【2018全国I卷 】 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 2 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…  it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 9 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try. 【2018年全国II卷】 Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 1 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 3 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 6 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 7 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 8 (start) a soil-testing program 9. gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 10 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 【2018年全国III卷 】 I'm not sure 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 3 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 5 (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 6 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 7 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10 (stay)and watch. 【北京市丰台区2023－2024学年度第二学期综合练习(一)】 A 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different ___11___ (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, ___12___ (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe___13___ (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used. B 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language learner___14___tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when ___15___ (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is___16___ (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar. C 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 The dinner party is ___17___ threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be? Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions?” But ___18___ The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations ___19___ (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food ___20___ (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control. 【上海市闵行区2023学年第一学期高三学业质量调研英语】 The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. Besides the pleasure of the noise, it is useful to ecologists. Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land. ____1____ it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires ____2____ expert pair of ears. In a paper published in Nature Communications, a group of researchers led by Jörg Müller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, describe a better way: have a computer do the job. Smartphone apps already exist through ____3____ the sounds of birds or mammals (哺乳动物) can be identified. The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorean Rainforest (厄瓜多尔雨林). Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that ____4____ (clear) for pasture (牧场) already. Sound recordings were taken four times every hour, over two weeks. The various calls were identified manually by an expert, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the more significant the biodiversity it hosted. Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers fed their recordings to ____5____ (train) AI models, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species from their calls. They found the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts. Not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Having used light-traps to capture night-flying insects and DNA analysis ____6____ (identify) them, Dr Müller and his colleagues found the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable indicator for the diversity of the quieter ____7____, too. The results may have relevance outside ecology departments, too. Under pressure ____8____ their customers, some make-up companies and oil firms have been spending money on forest restoration projects. Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to ____9____ (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. This method would also provide a standardized way to measure _____10_____ they are working as well as their sponsors say. 【2024届河北省衡水市部分高中高三下学期一模】 The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 56 (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” 57 (mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it 58 (know) as “qipao”, which has a history behind it. After the early Manchu (满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore 59 (normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. 60 the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women. The cheongsam 61 neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be short, medium or full 62 (long), depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated 63 (make). Nor 64 it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an 65 (impress) of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 十年（2015-2024）高考英语 语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编 专题14 名词单复数 （解析版） Part 1 考点分类+考频统计 题源 考点 考频 专项 考频 2014-2024年历年真题59篇 名词 64 n.-adj. 29 n.-v. 1 名词单复数 32 名词所有格 2 Part 2 十一年真题 1． [2024年甲卷] They are ____42____ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). 【答案】treasures 【解析】句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 2． [2024年全国I卷] These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 【答案】favorites 【解析】句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 3． [2024年全国II卷] Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 【答案】 themes 【解析】句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 4． [2024年北京卷] To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 【答案】 boundaries 【解析】句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 5． [2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷] They also need to be ready to give ___6___ (interview) in English with international journalists. 【答案】interviews 【解析】句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。文体句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 6． [2023年全国乙卷] But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ______ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 【答案】wonders 【解析】句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。文体句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 7． [2023年北京卷] Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 5 (city) from coastal winds. 【答案】cities 【解析】句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 8． [2023年浙江省1月]Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9 (event). 【答案】events 【解析】句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。 9． [2022年全国乙卷] China has a ___5___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 【答案】responsibility 【解析】句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 10． [2022年新高考I卷] The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 【答案】populations 【解析】句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。文体句子可知，空处和and后的复数名词homes并列，且在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population ，意为“种群”，且应用复数形式。故填populations。 11． [2021年全国甲卷] Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9_____ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines. 【答案】watchtowers 【解析】句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。watchtower是可数名词，由different修饰，应用复数形式。故填watchtowers。 12． [2021年全国乙卷] ___9__ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment. 【答案】Activities 【解析】句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。文体句子结构，空处应用名词作句子主语，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Activities。 13． [2021年新高考Ⅰ卷] The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___2____(human) are. 【答案】humans 【解析】句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。 14． [2021年北京卷] Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____1___ (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. 【答案】ideas 【解析】句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多种多样的”，形容词作定语，后接可数名词复数；idea想法，可数名词。故填ideas。 15． [2020年全国新高考Ⅱ卷] the computer has become a common tool in most 4 （profession） 【答案】professions 【解析】句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most修饰可知用复数形式。故填professions。 16． [2020年北京卷] Now, lots of 7 (country)and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 【答案】countries 【解析】句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用。lots of修饰可数名词复数，故填countries。 17． [2020年浙江卷1月] For Japan, the 3 (number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. 【答案】numbers 【解析】句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人——1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。 18． [2020年浙江卷6月] Later，they learned to work with the 7 （season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas，making use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields. 【答案】seasons 【解析】句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。文体句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。 19． [2019年北京卷] No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 （activity） on Earth Day. 【答案】activities 【解析】句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。 20． [2019年浙江卷1月] One study showed that 9 (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely to have children with birth defects. 【答案】women 【解析】此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女，指某一类人用名词复数。故填women。 21． [2018年全国I卷]A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause). 【答案】causes 【解析】一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。空格处做from的宾语，前面有all可知，要用名词复数形式。故填causes。 22． [2018年浙江卷1月] You wouldn't think that a few 3 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 【答案】months 【解析】句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。 23． [2018年浙江卷6月]Making Chinese 1 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. 【答案】dishes 【解析】此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。 24． [2017年全国I卷] This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 【答案】effects 【解析】分析语境可知，作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知，所以要用effect的复数形式。故填effects。 25． [2017年全国II卷] It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 【答案】crowds 【解析】crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。 26． [2017年全国III卷] She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 【答案】invitations 【解析】句意：为了专心学习，她已经拒绝了几次参加演出的邀请。invitation为可数名词，several后面需加名词复数形式。故填invitations。 27． [2017年浙江卷]Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. 【答案】carrots 【解析】句意：Lena Pahlsson掏出一把小胡萝卜正要扔掉。a handful of意为“一把，几个”，后加可数名词复数形式。故填carrots。 28． [2016年全国I卷] The nursery team switches him every few 9 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum—she never suspects. 【答案】days 【解析】“every few＋复数名词”意思是“每隔……”，every few days每隔几天。few修饰复数名词。故填days。 29． [2016年全国II卷] Recent 6 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 【答案】studies 【解析】本句的谓语动词是show，说明主语是复数名词studies。故填studies。 30． [2016年四川卷] Any smell might attract natural 5 (enemy) that would try to eat the little comforting panda. 【答案】enemies 【解析】句意：任何气味都会吸引那些试图去抓小熊猫的天敌。天敌不止一个，故应使用名词复数。根据题意，故填enemies。 31． [2015年全国I卷]I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting). 【答案】paintings 【解析】根据前面的by artists in so many Chinese可推知，是在中国画作里，由前面的短语so many可知，要用名词复数paintings。故填paintings。 32． [2014年全国I卷] While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. 【答案】changes 【解析】考查名词单复数。横线后面是系动词are，说明横线处主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以用changes。故填changes。change既可以作名词也可以作动词，在此为名词。 Part 3 最新模拟题 1. [杭州二中钱江学校]Every neighborhood has its own Jianbing vendor(摊贩) serving breakfast from dawn through mid-morning, satisfying hungry____37____(local) on their way to work. 【答案】locals 【解析】句意：每个社区都有自己的煎饼小贩，从黎明到上午10点左右供应早餐，满足了上班路上饥饿的当地人。根据“hungry”可知，空处需填名词，local作名词，表示“当地人”，此处不止一个当地人，故用名词复数。故填locals。 2. [浙江省北斗星盟高三适应性考试]There are a few ____62____ (requirement) that unite all of these spirits while also distinguishing them from Western drinks. 【答案】 requirements 【解析】句意：有一些要求将所有这些烈酒联合起来，同时也将它们与西方饮品区分开来，主要是白酒是在固态发酵过程中生产出来的。a few后接名词复数。故填requirements。 3. [2024·河北保定·一模]With its warm hospitality(好客), busy bazaars, and splendid 82 (palace), Jaipur is a treasure of history, culture, and architectural splendor. 【答案】palaces 【解析】句意：斋浦尔以其热情好客，繁忙的集市和辉煌的宫殿，是历史，文化和建筑辉煌的宝藏。palace为可数名词，意为“宫殿”，根据句意可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填palaces。 4. [2024·江苏南京·一模]Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 115 (technique). 【答案】techniques 【解析】句意：另一个重点是推广现代农业技术。technique为可数名词，结合语境可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填techniques。 5. [22-23高三上·安徽·阶段练习] This is true for circles of all sizes, from 163 (penny) to pizzas to planets. 【答案】pennies 【解析】句意：这适用于各种大小的圆圈，从便士到披萨，再到行星。分析句子可知，此处无表示单数的量词或冠词修饰的可数名词penny“便士”需要填写复数形式pennies。故填pennies。 6. [2021·广东佛山·一模]According to 208 (expert), on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earth’s axis is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around the sun. 【答案】experts 【解析】句意：据专家介绍，在春分和秋分这一天，地轴与地球绕太阳轨道的力量处于相对平衡状态。expert为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填experts。 7. [23-24高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习]Karikó had to overcome even bigger 237 (challenge). 【答案】challenges 【解析】句意：Karikó必须克服更大的挑战。challenge为可数名词，根据下文提到的各种困难可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填challenges。 8. [20-21高一上·全国·课后作业] During the 1980s and 1990s, the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent, as hunters were shooting antelopes to make 244 (profit). 【答案】profits 【解析】句意：在20世纪80年代和90年代，由于猎人猎杀羚羊牟利，藏羚羊的数量下降了50%以上。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；profit名词，表示“利润”，为可数名词，前面无限定词，故应用复数形式。故填profits。 9. [2024·山东日照·一模]The 16 dancers come from the Chaoshan region of South China’s Guangdong province, the place where the dance originated, and traveled to England to spread 275 (wish) of good fortune in the Year of the Dragon to people in the United Kingdom. 【答案】wishes 【解析】句意：这16名舞者来自中国南部广东省潮汕地区，这是该舞的发源地，他们来到英国，向英国人传递龙年好运的祝愿。根据“spread”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，传递的祝愿不止一个，故用名词复数。故填wishes。 10. 【2024届广东省广州市高三一模考试英语试题】These timeless architectural 45 (wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings. 【答案】wonders 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：这些永恒的建筑奇迹继续激励着建筑师们努力寻找绿色解决方案来为房屋和建筑物降温。根据上文these可知wonder应用复数形式。故填wonders。 11. 【2024届广东省深圳市高三第一次调研考试（一模）英语试题】 Having practiced Jianzi for over 30 years, Chai cherishes the physical and social 44 (benefit) the game brings. 【答案】benefits 【解析】考查名词的复数。句意：练了30多年的毽子，Chai很珍惜这项运动给身体和社会带来的好处。benefit是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填benefits。 12. 【2024届山东省青岛市高三一模考试英语试题】“Brands should capitalize on traditional Chinese culture to launch more innovative 44 (product),” a research fellow said, stressing that Spring Festival is the traditional festival Chinese people attach the most importance to, and it’s also a peak season for consumption. 【答案】products 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：一位研究员表示:“品牌应该利用中国传统文化来推出更多创新产品。”他强调春节是中国人最重视的传统节日，也是消费旺季。空处需填名词作宾语，product为可数名词，结合“more”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填products。 13. 【东北三省三校（哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）】One of the most notable 38 (example) of China’s digital preservation effort is the Dunhuang Mogao Cave Project, the goal of which is to create a digital profile of the Mogao Caves with the help of 3D scanning and virtual reality software. 【答案】examples 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：敦煌莫高窟项目是中国数字保护工作中最著名的例子之一，该项目的目标是借助3D扫描和虚拟现实软件创建莫高窟的数字档案。example为可数名词，此处为one of+可数名词复数。故填examples。 14. 【杭州第二中学新高考模拟试卷】For a long time, they were used to showcase traditional artworks like paintings, sculptures and ____38____(drawing). 【答案】drawings 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：长期以来，它们被用来展示传统艺术品，如绘画、雕塑和素描。空处与paintings，sculptures并列，应用名词复数形式，作宾语。故填drawings。 15. 【台州市2024届高三第一次教学质量评估试题 】Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, has secured a place among the most popular ____56____ (destination) for the enchanting appeal. 【答案】 destinations 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：中国古都西安因其迷人的吸引力而成为最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。由among和句意可知，这里destination“目的地”应用复数形式，作介词后宾语。故填destinations。 16. 【2023年高三教学测试(2023.12)】“The ____38____ (practice) of greeting guests with tea are shared among multiple ethnic groups. 【答案】practices 【解析】考查名词。句意：用茶招待客人的做法在多个民族中都有。根据“are shared”可知，主语为复数形式。故填practices。 17. 【浙江省金华十校2021-2022学年高三上学期11月一模考试英语试题】 It says every region will experience multiple 45 （change) in weather, like sweltering heat and flooding. 【答案】changes 【解析】考查名词。句意：该组织表示，每个地区都将经历多种天气变化，比如酷热和洪水。根据空格前形容词multiple(多种的)可知，可数名词change应用复数形式changes，意为“变化”。故填changes。 18. 【2024届广东省河源中学高三上学期一调考试英语试题】 It was listed as one of the representative 39 (work) of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity by UNESCO in 2001. 【答案】works 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：2001年被联合国教科文组织列为人类口头和非物质文化遗产代表作之一。work (作品)是可数名词，且前面有one of，后应用其复数形式。故填works。 19. 【2024届湖南省邵阳市高三上学期第一次联考（一模）英语试题】People routinely have their meals and family 65 (gathering) on the bed in cold winters. 【答案】gatherings 【解析】考查名词的单复数。句意同上。gathering是可数名词，设空处和前面的名词meals 构成并列关系，用复 数形式，故填gatherings. 20. 【2024届河北省保定市保定部分高中一模英语试题】With its warm hospitality(好客), busy bazaars, and splendid 57 (palace), Jaipur is a treasure of history, culture, and architectural splendor. 【答案】palaces 【解析】考查名词复数形式。句意：斋浦尔以其热情好客，繁忙的集市和辉煌的宫殿，是历史，文化和建筑辉煌的宝藏。palace为可数名词，意为“宫殿”，根据句意可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填palaces。 Part 4 短文语法填空 · 真题 + 模拟题 【2018全国I卷 】 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 2 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…  it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 9 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try. 【文体】说明文：文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们减少疾病发生，延年益寿。 【答案】 1． longer 2．to see 3．dying 4．is 5．than 6．that \which 7．causes 8．strengthen 9．energetic 10．it 1．考查副词比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。 2．考查非谓语动词-不定式作目的状语。你不必跑的太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。 3．考查非谓语动词-动名词作介宾。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。 4．考查考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-一般现在时的单三形式。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。 5．考查比较词than。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知，此处填than。 6．考查定语从句that/which。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。 7．考查名词单复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。空格处做from的宾语，前面有all可知，要用名词复数形式。故填causes。 8．考查词性转换n.-v.。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。 9．考查词性转换n.-adj.。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据it’s可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。 10．考查代词it。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it。 【2018年全国II卷】 Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 1 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 3 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 6 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 7 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 8 (start) a soil-testing program 9. gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 10 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 【文体】说明文：中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可。 【答案】 1． has grown 2．the 3．actually 4．to improve   5．than   6．pollution 7．global   8．started 9．that/which 10．feeding 1．考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-现在完成时的单三形式。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。 2．考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。 3．考查词性转换adj.-adv.。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。 4．考查非谓语动词-不定式作目的状语。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。 5．考查比较连词than。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。 6．考查词性转换v.-n.。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。 7．考查词性转换n.-adj.。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。 8．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。 9．考查定语从句that/which。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。 10．考查非谓语动词-现在分词作状语（状语从句省略）。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。 【2018年全国III卷 】 I'm not sure 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 3 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 5 (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 6 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 7 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10 (stay)and watch. 【文体】记叙文：文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。 【答案】 1． who 2．the 3．loudest   4．looking 5．challenged   6．scientist 7．for   8．them 9．meant 10．to stay 1．考查名词性从句-宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示“谁”，故用who。 2．考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。 3．考查形容词最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。 4．考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。 5．考查非谓语动词-过去分词作表语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。 6．考查名词词义。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。 7．考查介词。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。 8．考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。 9．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。文体本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。 10．考查非谓语动词-不定式作宾补。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。 【北京市丰台区2023－2024学年度第二学期综合练习(一)】 A 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different ___11___ (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, ___12___ (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe___13___ (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used. 【答案】11. countries 12. named 13. has changed##changes 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆，但为了适应当地人的口味，有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化。 【11题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色，在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物。country“国家”是可数名词，被different修饰，应用其复数形式，作宾语。故填countries。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡，是美国人喜欢吃的，因为它是甜的，油炸的。分析可知，空处为名词General Tso’s chicken的后置定语，故name应用非谓语动词形式；General Tso’s chicken和name...after“以……命名”之间为被动关系，name应用过去分词。故填named。 13题详解】 考查时态。句意：显然，为了适应不同地区的口味，食谱会发生很大的变化，这就导致了烹饪方法的变化。空处为句子谓语动词；此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，也可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语the recipe是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has changed/changes。 B 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language learner___14___tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when ___15___ (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is___16___ (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar. 【答案】14. who 15. studying 16. more 【解析】 【导语】这是一段说明文。文章提到能听懂当地的笑话，可以更好的学习当地的语言，与当地人建立联系。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：对于试图与母语人士建立友谊的外语学习者来说，能够听懂当地的笑话通常被视为一个很好的破冰器。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词language leaner（语言学习者）为人，且从句中缺少主语，因此可使用关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：然而，在学习一门外语时，初学者总是认为笑话很难理解。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语considers（认为），空处应使用非谓语，主语a beginner（初学者）与study（学习）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词表示主动。故填studying。 【16题详解】 考查比较级。句意：理解一个笑话比理解词汇和语法要复杂得多。分析句子结构可知，空处用来强调理解笑话的过程比单纯的词汇和语法理解要复杂，可使用much比较级more修饰。根据than，也可知答案。故填more。 【点睛】 C 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 The dinner party is ___17___ threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be? Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions?” But ___18___ The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations ___19___ (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food ___20___ (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control. 【答案】17. under 18. what 19. are sent 20. carefully 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴正在消失并解释了晚宴消失的一些原因。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴受到了威胁。under threat为固定搭配，意为“受到威胁”。故填under。 【18题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：但《纽约时报》担心的是另一种消失。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意： 函会提前几周发出，主人会精心准备食物。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，Invitations和send out为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are sent。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prepare，需用副词carefully，作状语。故填carefully。 【上海市闵行区2023学年第一学期高三学业质量调研英语】 The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. Besides the pleasure of the noise, it is useful to ecologists. Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land. ____1____ it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires ____2____ expert pair of ears. In a paper published in Nature Communications, a group of researchers led by Jörg Müller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, describe a better way: have a computer do the job. Smartphone apps already exist through ____3____ the sounds of birds or mammals (哺乳动物) can be identified. The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorean Rainforest (厄瓜多尔雨林). Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that ____4____ (clear) for pasture (牧场) already. Sound recordings were taken four times every hour, over two weeks. The various calls were identified manually by an expert, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the more significant the biodiversity it hosted. Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers fed their recordings to ____5____ (train) AI models, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species from their calls. They found the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts. Not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Having used light-traps to capture night-flying insects and DNA analysis ____6____ (identify) them, Dr Müller and his colleagues found the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable indicator for the diversity of the quieter ____7____, too. The results may have relevance outside ecology departments, too. Under pressure ____8____ their customers, some make-up companies and oil firms have been spending money on forest restoration projects. Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to ____9____ (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. This method would also provide a standardized way to measure _____10_____ they are working as well as their sponsors say. 【答案】1. Even though/Even if##While 2. an 3. which 4. had been cleared 5. trained 6. to identify 7. ones 8. from 9. checking 10. whether/if 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员发明了让计算机来进行动物声音识别的工作，解释了其工作原理及应用情况。 【1题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：即使这比在灌木丛下挖掘寻找踪迹要容易得多，但这样的分析也很耗时。分析句子可知，空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。根据句意，此处为让步关系，故用even though/even if/ while引导。置于句首首字母应大写。故填Even though/Even if/ While。 【2题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它还需要一双专业的耳朵。a pair of是固定搭配，意为“一双……”，expert以元音因素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：智能手机应用程序已经存在，通过这些应用程序可以识别鸟类或哺乳动物的声音。分析句子可知，空格处应填入定语从句的引导词，指代先行词apps，且该引导词在介词through后，故用关系代词which。故填which。 【4题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：其他地区已经被开垦为牧场。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文，“开垦”这一动作发生在took recordings之前，故此处应用过去完成时。主语 areas与动词clear是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填had been cleared。 【5题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：研究人员使用厄瓜多尔其他地方的声音样本，将他们的录音输入到经过训练的人工智能模型中，从它们的叫声中识别出75种鸟类。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。根据句意，此处指“经过训练的”，故用过去分词。故填trained。 【6题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：Müller博士和他的同事们使用光陷阱捕捉夜间飞行的昆虫，并进行DNA分析来识别它们，他们发现嘈杂动物的多样性也是安静动物多样性的可靠指标。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to identify。 【7题详解】 考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入代词作宾语。此处应用代词ones指代 animals。故填ones。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：在客户的压力下，一些化妆品公司和石油公司一直在森林恢复项目上花钱。under pressure  from是固定搭配，意为“在……的压力下”。故填from。 【9题详解】 考查动名词。句意：Müller博士希望一种自动检查结果的方法可以帮助监督这些工作。根据空前的approach to 可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，意为“……的方法”。故填checking。 【10题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这种方法还将提供一种标准化的方法来衡量他们是否像赞助商所说的那样工作。分析句子可知，空格处应填入宾语从句的引导词。根据句意，此处指“是否”。故填whether/if。 【2024届河北省衡水市部分高中高三下学期一模】 The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 56 (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” 57 (mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it 58 (know) as “qipao”, which has a history behind it. After the early Manchu (满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore 59 (normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. 60 the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women. The cheongsam 61 neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be short, medium or full 62 (long), depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated 63 (make). Nor 64 it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an 65 (impress) of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. 【答案】56. popularity 57. meaning 58. is known 59. normally 60. Although/ Though/ While 61. whose 62. length 63. to make 64. does 65. on 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍旗袍。旗袍是独具中国特色的女性服饰，上身容易，穿着舒适，旗袍特别适合中国女性的身材。它的好处在于可以使用多种材质，并以不同长度制作，因此在休闲和正式场合都可穿着。 56. 考查名词。enjoy是及物动词，后接名词作宾语。故填popularity。 57. 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语，相当于定语从句"which means…"。故填meaning。 58. 考查被动语态。主语是it，而且是一般现在时，be known as：作为…被熟知，故填is known。 59. 考查副词。wear是动词，要用副词形式来修饰动词。故填normally。 60. 考查连词。句意：尽管1911年的辛亥革命结束了清朝的统治，但旗袍在这次政治变革中被保留了下来。用连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though/While。 61. 考查定语从句连接词。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词cheongsam在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose。 62. 考查名词。句意：（旗袍的）袖子可以是短袖，中袖，也可是长袖。"length"表达表达"长度"之意，故填length。 63. 考查特殊句型。too…to…句型为"too+形容词或副词+to do…"译为"太…而不能…"，它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的，to do 不定式应用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to make。 64. 考查倒装句。上句话提到的情况同样适合下文的人或物，为了避免和上文的内容重复，英语习惯用so，neither/nor引导的倒装句。so引导的倒装句表示肯定，neither/nor引导的倒装句表示否定，其时态与前一句时态保持一致，上下文陈述的不是同一人或事物。根据文中时态应用一般现在时，且句子主语为第三人称单数形式，用does。 65. 考查介词。表示"在……场合"时，用短语on…occasions。故填介词on。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$