第二章 话题01 人与自我、生活与学习--2025高三英语一轮高效精准复习备考

第2章 阅读理解 话题一 人与自我、生活与学习 在高中英语一轮复习中，关于“人与自我生活学习”的阅读理解部分是一个重要的考察领域。这部分内容通常围绕学生的日常生活、学习经历、个人成长及情感体验等展开，旨在通过阅读理解的形式，检验学生对文章主旨、细节信息、作者态度及推理判断等方面的能力。以下是关于这一考点的考法和做法的详细分析： 考法 1. 主题多样性：题目会覆盖多种与“人与自我生活学习”相关的主题，如兴趣爱好、家庭关系、学校生活、社会实践、个人挑战与成长等。 2. 题型丰富性：常见的题型包括选择题（单选或多选）、填空题、简答题和匹配题等。其中，选择题可能涉及对文章细节的理解、主旨大意的概括、作者态度的推断以及逻辑推理等。 3. 难度梯度：题目设置上会有一定的难度梯度，既有基础性的信息查找类问题，也有需要深入理解和分析的问题。 4. 文化敏感性：部分文章可能会融入跨文化元素，考查学生对不同文化背景下人们生活方式、价值观念等的理解和尊重。 做法 1. 积累词汇和短语：扩大词汇量是提高阅读理解能力的基础。特别是与日常生活、学习相关的词汇和短语，要重点掌握并能在语境中灵活运用。 2. 熟悉常见题型：针对不同类型的题目进行有针对性的练习，掌握每种题型的解题技巧和策略。例如，对于选择题要学会快速定位关键信息、排除干扰项；对于简答题要注意答案的准确性和简洁性。 3. 提高阅读速度和理解力：通过阅读大量的英文材料来提高阅读速度和理解力。可以选择一些与自己生活贴近的文章进行阅读训练，同时注意把握文章的整体结构和逻辑关系。 4. 注重文化背景知识：了解不同国家的文化背景和社会习俗有助于更好地理解文章内容及其深层含义。可以通过观看英文电影、听英文歌曲、参加文化交流活动等方式来拓宽自己的视野。 5. 培养批判性思维：在阅读过程中不仅要关注文章的字面意思还要学会深入思考作者的观点、论据及其背后的逻辑关系。这有助于提高自己的推理判断能力和批判性思维能力。 6. 模拟考试和真题演练：定期进行模拟考试和真题演练可以帮助学生熟悉考试形式和节奏提高应试能力。在做完题目后要认真分析错题原因总结经验教训以便更好地调整自己的学习方法和策略。 考法精炼 一、阅读理解 My husband made a little two-story house that mirrored our own in color and design for our Little Free Library, while I carefully selected books from our shelves. The idea resonated (引起共鸣) with us immediately — instead of selling the books we didn’t want to read, we could simply walk them to the roadside. Fifteen or so years later, it’s safe to say that thousands of books, as well as the occasional DVDs, CDs and jigsaw puzzles have been shared through our little library. Situated on a busy street just a few blocks from a subway station, our little library sees dozens, perhaps hundreds, of passers-by each day. Many of those who use our library do not hesitate to share their love of this neighborhood resource. One gentleman regularly stops by to pick up books for a nearby retirement home. At other times, we have received cards and gifts, including chocolates and even a personalized drawing from a local artist. Like the people who use our library, the books that come and go reflect the broad diversity of our city. Arabic, French and Russian books are staples among the dominant English-language books. I’ve even collected favorite books of mine in languages I don’t understand, simply for the joy of adding another edition to my collection. Surprisingly, our library hasn’t dealt with our book storage problem — if anything, we now have more books than ever before. I have heard some complaints that Little Free Libraries do not always serve the purpose of building community and may compete with our public libraries and independent bookstores. This has not been our experience. We continue to buy more books than we need and we are fiercely loyal users of the public system. Our Little Free Library has raised our love of reading and has connected (联系) us to a community of book lovers in the heart of our busy neighborhood. 1．Why did the author and her husband create the Little Free Library? A．To make friends with book lovers. B．To deal with their unwanted books. C．To prepare for used book sales. D．To make use of community resources. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The various resources of the library. B．People’s contributions to the library. C．The friendships between library users. D．The author’s impression of her neighborhood. 3．Which of the following can account for the author’s passion for the library? A．Its advantage to public libraries. B．Its close distance to a busy street. C．Its success in solving book storage. D．Its reflecting city diversity through books. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Comfortable Reading Corner: Promoting Reading B．The Whispering Pages: Tales from a Shared Library C．The Little Free Library: Contributing to Closer Connection D．The Magic Bookshelf: Account of Neighborhood Harmony The snowstorm was supposed to hit on the evening. On the way home from work, I filled up my car with gas and picked up two pizzas because my kids, aged 10 and 15, wanted their mom to get some for dinner. Then the snow started, and came down so fast that it screamed. It was terrifying! I didn’t know where I was. It was now about 6 pm and dark. What would my black car look like in such a heavy snowstorm at night? Would it be invisible? Was I on someone’s farm? Or worse, was I on the wrong side of the road? I searched my location online and figured out that I was on a road called Bouvier Lane. It was now 6:30 pm. I posted this new information to my Facebook community group, asking anyone who knew someone nearby to rescue me. At 8 pm, my phone rang. It was the daughter of the farmer who owned the land beside the road where my car was stranded. She told me that her dad was coming to get me! About 45 minutes later, I saw a tall figure in a yellow raincoat walking toward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight (手电筒). It was André Bouvier, 80 years old, who’d walked half a mile through the snowstorm to find me, fighting the wind and snow each step of the way. When we reached his house a few minutes later, I got out of the car and burst into tears. All my fears disappeared and I was grateful. The experience let me approach challenges and surprises with a sense of calm. It reminded me to always reach out and help others — both friends and strangers. But best of all, it brought André into my life. We’re still in touch, and I know we'll be friends forever. 5．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A．Her car was out of gas. B．Her car was on someone's farm. C．She couldn't see the road. D．She didn't expect the snowstorm. 6．What does the underlined word “stranded” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Driven. B．Fixed. C．Broken. D．Stuck. 7．How did André know the author needed help? A．Through his community. B．Through his daughter. C．By walking in the snow. D．By surfing the Internet. 8．What can be a suitable title for this text? A．A Snowstorm Night Rescue B．The Most Familiar Strangers C．The Life-saving Facebook Post D．An Encounter in the Snowstorm Mice were given a memory test in a lab at the University of New South Wales, in Australia. Scientist Margaret Morris set them in their usual box, but she rearranged the objects in the box. Some mice smelled them curiously, but others just moved on. They didn’t remember the objects were once in a different place. The mice with sharper memory were fed with a regular diet of low-fat, healthy food. However, the mice that ate lots of junk food for two weeks — such as cake, meat pies, chips, and cookies—were forgetful. Food can have the same effect on people, too. “If you’re eating junk food regularly, and not eating enough fruit and vegetables,” Morris said, “the changes inside your body may be affecting brain function.” Changes inside the body can affect a person’s overall health, too. Scientists have long known that the brain communicates with the stomach to control digestion. Recently, they have found that the stomach talks back. It may even tell the brain what to do. Foods with too much salt and sugar affect the microbiome (肠道菌群) in your body by killing the right bacteria (细菌) in it. These bacteria protect you from illness and keep your mind sharp. Lacking them can lead to being overweight and depression. Robert Knight is a scientist at the University of California, San Diego. He suggests eating yogurt, because it is packed with healthy bacteria. Does that mean no French fries? “Having them sometimes is okay,” Knight says. “It’s the long-term habits that really matter. Being good to your microbiome over the next six months is a lot more important than what you ate yesterday, or what you eat tomorrow.” 9．Why did some mice move on in the memory test? A．They were forgetful. B．They ate a lot of food. C．They were not curious. D．They ate low-fat food. 10．What can cause fatness and depression? A．Yogurt and milk. B．Vegetable and fruit. C．Microbiome and bacteria. D．Food high in salt and sugar. 11．What can be inferred from Robert Knight’s advice? A．What you eat tomorrow is the most important thing. B．Eating yogurt for six month is good for body health. C．It’s necessary to develop long-term healthy eating habits. D．People must not eat French fries to protect their microbiomes. 12．What is this text mainly about? A．The effects of food on memory. B．The effects of food on mice. C．The effects of microbiome on health. D．The effects of food on health. When I was in fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. She’d watch me coming down her street, and by the time I’d biked up to her doorstep, there would be a cold drink waiting. I’d sit and drink while she talked. Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning.” she’d say. The first time she said that, soda (汽水) went up my nose. I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe she’d work it out of her system. So that’s what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery (墓地). I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn’t see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser (募捐活动). She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, she’d had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on. I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how I’m doing. When I don’t say “fine”, she sticks around to hear my problems. She’s lived in the city most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isn’t so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care, and not because they’re getting paid to do so. Sometimes it’s good to just smile, nod your head and listen. 13．Why did soda go up the author’s nose one time? A．He was talking fast. B．He was shocked. C．He was in a hurry. D．He was absent-minded. 14．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “work it out of her system”? A．Recover from her sadness. B．Move out of the neighborhood. C．Turn to her old friends. D．Speak out about her past. 15．What does the author think people in a community should do? A．Open up to others. B．Depend on each other. C．Pay for other’s help. D．Care about one another. Believe it or not, English has become the global lingua franca (世界通用语) in the 21st century. The ability to speak English fluently has become a necessity for individuals and countries to participate in the global economy. This is particularly true for countries that heavily rely on international trade and investment. Singapore is a perfect example of such a country. Singapore is a small city-state located in Southeast Asia. Despite its small size, it has become one of the most prosperous and innovative economies in the world. This nation has gained a reputation for having a good quality of life, well-developed infrastructure (基础设施), and a favorable climate for businesses. While there are four official languages in Singapore, English, Chinese, Malay, and Tamil, English is the most commonly used language in business, education, and government. English has played a crucial role in Singapore’s economic development. The country’s founding father, Lee Kuan Yew, acknowledged the significance of English in the international business environment and made it a priority to promote English learning in Singapore. He saw English as a tool to connect Singapore to the world and attract foreign investment. The government carried out policies to promote English learning, such as making English the medium of instruction in schools and providing financial support for teachers to teach English. As a result of these policies, Singaporeans have become proficient in English, and this has given them a competitive edge in the global economy. Singapore is home to many multinational corporations, and English proficiency is a critical factor for these companies when selecting employees. Singaporeans’ proficiency in English has also made it easier for them to conduct business with other countries, particularly those in the Western world. As a consequence, the country started marching forward steadily towards prosperity. 16．What is indicated in Paragraph 1? A．English is necessary for people to communicate with neighboring countries. B．English is the only language spoken in the global economy. C．English is a tool to draw in overseas investors to invest. D．English is the official language of all countries. 17．What do we know about Singapore in Paragraph 2? A．English is the most widely used official language in Singapore B．Government officials have a high quality of life. C．It is the most economically powerful country in Asia. D．Tamil is the most commonly used language in business, education, and government 18．What did Lee Kuan Yew do in Singapore’s promotion of English learning? A．He made policies to protect the business environment in Singapore. B．He was a huge supporter of English-related business. C．He laid emphasis on English learning in Singapore. D．He was devoted to attracting foreign investment. 19．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Reasonable policies lead to the prosperity of Singapore. B．English learning drives Singapore’s development. C．English, the global lingua franca. D．The road to a prosperous country. Some of the Best Children’s Books in 2023 Books are great for helping kids feel less alone when they see others have, similar experiences to them, and also for learning about the experiences of others — in that way, books can be both mirrors and windows, and are important for kids’ social and psychological development. There are some best children’s books in 2023 for kids to enjoy! A VACCINE IS LIKE A MEMORY by RAJANI LAROCCA, MD Not all storybooks are fictional. Little scientists will be especially interested in this nonfiction book that explains how vaccines work, and that they help protect your body from diseases you’ve never had before. PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND by SARA SHEPARD Fifth grade can be tough, and that’s certainly what Penny is finding out the hard way. Her best friend suddenly wants nothing to do with her, and her anxiety means she always had dozens of questions firing in her brain. A great new series to help new middle graders figure out and process their new world. GIRLS MAKE MOVIES by JEN VAUGHN AND MALLORY O’MEARA This book is a choose-your-own-path take on the world of Hollywood, for girls who might be interested in making a career in producing, acting, set design, and more. It offers some practical ways to learn about the world of movie making, REWIND by LISA GRAFF This time travel middle grade novel sees McKinley O’Dair find herself back in 1993, and with a decision to make before she can go back to the present. It’s full of imagination and creation. One for Millennial and Gen X parents to enjoy alongside their middle grader! If you need more inspiration for kids’ reading, below is our website! Happy reading, kids! 20．Which book is fit for a kid who shows great interest in science? A．A VACCINE IS LIKE A MEMORY B．PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND C．GIRLS MAKE MOVIES D．REWIND 21．Who is the target reader of PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND? A．A promising scientist B．A young student C．A movie fan D．A poetry lover 22．Where is this text probably taken from? A．An academic report B．A storybook C．An Internet website D．An album Bestsellers in the WorldA Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities is a historical novel set in London and Paris, during the French Revolution. It tells the compelling story of Doctor Manette, a Frenchman wrongfully imprisoned in the Bastille for many years, and his release to live in London. The novel explores themes of justice, love, and the complexities of revolution, painting a vivid picture of the tremendous changes in a certain period. A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin A Dream of Red Mansions is considered one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature, alongside “Romance of the Three Kingdoms”, “Journey to the West”, and “Outlaws of the Marsh”. Set in the Ming Dynasty, it tells the rise and fall of the Jia family, exploring themes of love, fate, family, and society. The novel is renowned for its exquisite language, deep character development, and its unique style and structure, making it a timeless classic that continues to captivate readers to this day.Who Moved My Cheese? by Spencer Johnson Who Moved My Cheese? is a motivational business fable that explores change in work and life. It describes four typical reactions to change by two mice and two “Little people” during their hunt for cheese. The book has sold over 26 million copies worldwide in 37 languages and remains one of the best-selling business books. And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie And Then There Were None is a psychological thriller by Agatha Christie. Set on an island, ten people are stranded with a killer among them. Each character has a dark past, and the killer starts playing games with them, eliminating them one by one based on the nursery rhyme “Ten Little Indians.” The remaining survivors try to figure out who the killer is, while also trying to protect themselves from the inevitable fate that awaits them. A classic Christie mystery, it keeps the reader on the edge of their seat until the final reveal. Please click here for more bestsellers in the world 23．Which book will be suitable for a person having a passion for detective stories? A．A Tale of Two Cities. B．A Dream of Red Mansions. C．Who Moved My Cheese? D．And Then There Were None. 24．What do A Tale of Two Cities and A Dream of Red Mansions have in common? A．Both paint a vivid picture of dramatic changes in a certain period of time. B．Both are famous for their exquisite language and deep character development. C．Both explore themes of justice, love, and fate. D．Both tell the stories of famous families. 25．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A text book. B．A website for literature. C．A shopping poster. D．A travel brochure. Summer to autumn, with the winter approaching, is there a better way to spend a beautiful evening than by sitting in the warm room with a good book? Here are some recommendations (推荐) to get you started. Census   By Jesse Ball Hardcover $19.65       Paperback $ 30.53       Audio CD $ 16.37 Census is a sad but wise novel by US writer Jesse Ball. The hero in the book learns that he has a deadly heart condition and hasn’t long to live, so he has to decide what to do with the rest of his life. But he is not only responsible for himself – he has a son with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征). The father decides to take a job on the road and take his son along with him. On their journey, they soon meet a woman who is “undistinguished, unimpressive, gentle, wonderful”, who becomes an important part of their lives.Feel Free   By Zadie Smith Hardcover $18.30       Paperback $ 19.36       Audio CD $ 33.37 British author Zadie Smith is most well known for her 2000 novel White Teeth, which was released when she was in her early 20s. This new book isn’t a novel, however, but a collection of the author’s essays and book reviews. They are very wide-ranging. For example, Smith writes about everything from gardens, bathrooms and philosophy to the Canadian pop star Justin Bieber. Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress   By Steven Pinker Hardcover $21.00      Paperback $ 14.88    Audio CD $ 45.87 Steven Pinker, a world-famous Canadian-American cognitive scientist, is worried about how people think today, believing that we’re all too pessimistic (悲观). In this book, Pinker argues that the world is getting better. This is due to progress since the “Age of Enlightenment” (启蒙运动时期) of the 17th and 18th centuries and its spirit of reason. With intellectual depth and literary flair, Pinker makes the case for reason, science and humanism: the ideals we need to confront our problems and continue our progress. 26．Which book covers the widest range of topics? A．Census. B．Feel Free. C．White Teeth. D．Enlightenment Now. 27．What is special about Enlightenment Now? A．It is an original novel by an American writer. B．It is a collection of the author’s works. C．It holds pessimistic attitude to man’s future. D．It is written by a well-known scientist. 28．How much should you pay in all if you buy a hardcover of each book? A．$ 58.95. B．$ 64.77. C．$ 95.61. D．$ 69.83. I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed?” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 29．What made Kate so angry one evening? A．She couldn’t find her books. B．She heard the author shouting loud. C．She got the news that her grandma was ill. D．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 30．The author tidied up the room most probably because ________. A．she was scared by Kate’s anger B．she hated herself for being so messy C．she wanted to show her care D．she was asked by Kate to do so 31．How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed? A．By analyzing causes. B．By showing differences. C．By describing a process. D．By following time order. 32．What might be the best title for the story? A．My Friend Kate B．Hard Work Pays Off C．How to Be Organized D．Learning to Be Roommates When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in－person interaction. “We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” “When we came back, we hadn’t seen each other in so long and the students just wanted to reach out, you could see it, ” she said of having to wear face masks and stay socially distanced during the pandemic. “It was just kind of awkward (令人尴尬的).” After one week of school, Schulz came up with a solution (解决办法). She tasked each of her 20 third－grade students with coming up with a socially distanced greeting they could do with her each day at the front door of the classroom for weekend homework. Each day since then, Schulz, a teacher of 30 years, has welcomed each of her students to school with their personalized greeting. “I do see a connection now,” said Schulz. “If I’m not at that door in the morning, they stand and wait for me.” The kids’ hellos differ from one another, including a quiet wave, a ballet dancer’s curtsy (a formal greeting), making a heart with hands, and a foot－to－foot greeting, according to Schulz. Even kids who are not in Schulz’s homeroom have created their own greetings to do with her each morning. “We’re just trying to have some normalcy (常态) through some fun things, ” she said. “It’s made me happy too.” Schulz said of her video that had got lots of likes, “Something that I thought was pretty simple has really amazed me in how it’s reached all over the world and brought happiness to so many people. Right now, I think that’s what we need.” 33．What was the students’ problem when they returned to school at first? A．They couldn’t stay focused in class. B．They couldn’t recognize their classmates. C．They couldn’t greet their teachers as before. D．They couldn’t get used to sitting in the classroom. 34．What might the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The students wished for body contact. B．The students were unwilling to shake hands. C．The teachers felt awkward about social distancing. D．The teachers had difficulties in managing students. 35．What do we know about the socially distanced greetings? A．They were invented by Schulz. B．They became the school’s new rule. C．They included only hand movements. D．They were popular among the students. 36．Which of the following can best describe Schulz? A．Experienced and strict. B．Positive and caring. C．Brave and creative. D．Funny and honest. New glove can translate sign language instantly through an app, researchers say California researchers developed a glove embedded with electronic sensors that can translate American Sign Language (ASL) into English in real time through an app on your smartphone. Unlike its past counterparts, the new glove is lightweight, inexpensive and long-lasting. The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers. Hopefully, this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them. The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device, simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them. The glove has thin, stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals. These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist, which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone. The system was able to recognize 660 hand motions and finger placements that stand for each letter in the English alphabet, different phrases and each number. The algorithm (计算程序) recognized the correct signs about 99% of the time, and in less than one second — or about a tone word per second. The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”. The same exact hand-shape and movement can totally change meaning because of the facial expression that is used to accompany it. Take the word MUCH. The degree of how much can totally be determined by the facial expression alone while the sign stays the same. Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores. 37．Who is the new glove intended for? A．Translators. B．Deaf people. C．English learners. D．Sign language users. 38．What does Paragraph 4 mainly say about the new glove? A．Its reliability. B．Its components. C．Its working principle. D．Its broad applications. 39．How do researchers improve the glove’s correctness of recognition? A．By connecting it to smartphones. B．By catching information from more angles. C．By lengthening the time of catching gestures. D．By inputting more letters and words in English. 40．What will researchers do with the glove in the future? A．Bring it to market. B．Update its outlook. C．Extend its service life. D．Improve its performance. Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples. It had been an unusual day. The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling (隆隆的) sound heard across the ground. Jason’s father immediately realized that a tornado (龙卷风) was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately. Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building. By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place. Jason couldn’t see his dad anymore. He also realized that he wasn’t getting to the building fast enough. He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air. As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. He could see an irrigation ditch (灌溉渠). In a panic, he scrambled  (爬) to the ditch and lay flat on the ground. More debris and objects flew overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous. He had never been in a tornado before. After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone. Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage. He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building. Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside. It was a public building owned by the city. It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside. He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug. “Jason! How are you? I’ve been worried sick about you!” said his father. “I couldn’t find you anywhere!” Jason breathed a sigh of a relief (松了一口气) and sat down. He did have a story to tell! 41．From Paragraph 1, we can get the ________ of the story. A．background B．development C．climax (most exciting part) D．ending 42．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ① Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch. ② Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug. ③ Jason got out of the car. ④ Jason noticed a field to his right. A．②①③④ B．③④①② C．④①②③ D．③①②④ 43．The underlined word “Debris” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A．parts of the tornado B．apple pies C．broken pieces D．drop of rain 44．The story tells us that when we are in danger, ________. A．we should wait patiently until help comes B．we should work hard to make our dreams come true C．we should be brave enough to change nature D．we should be quick-thinking and believe in ourselves My name is Ryan and last summer my family and I went to an island for our summer vacation. There were so many fun and interesting things to do on the island, but my favorite was fishing. Every day, my mom, my dad, my younger brother Derek and I went to the beach. We took our little fishing boat with us. Mom didn’t like fishing, so she stayed on the beach and read a book. One morning, while we were fishing, we heard a loud noise. “What was that?” I asked. “Oh, don’t worry, Ryan. It might be a turtle (海龟) swimming under the boat,” said Dad, Derek and I looked around the boat, but we couldn’t see anything. Then we heard a different noise, which sounded like an animal. “Look, Dad, there it is!” shouted Derek. It was a sea turtle and it couldn’t swim well. “Let’s go closer and see what’s wrong with it,” Dad said. When we got closer, we saw that there was a piece of plastic (塑料) around the turtle’s legs. “Let’s help it,” I said. So Dad jumped into the water, swam to the turtle and brought it back to the boat. “There you go, little turtle; now you can swim to your family,” Dad said as he cut the plastic off. Then Derek and I put it back in the water. “I know! We should make a sign about not throwing rubbish into the sea, and put it in the sand on the beach,” I said. “I’ll help, too,” said Derek. “Great idea, boys. If we don’t all do something to stop sea pollution, these sea animals will die.” 45．What did Ryan like doing best? A．Boating. B．Fishing. C．Swimming. D．Reading. 46．Who cut the plastic off the turtle? A．Ryan. B．Derek. C．Father. D．Mother. 47．Why did Ryan want to put up a sign? A．To welcome people. B．To feed sea animals. C．To use the rubbish again. D．To stop sea pollution. What a day! I started my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It seemed that I’d been at the school for a hundred years! The day started very early at 7:00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mum. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mum kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn’t love me, Mum said she would send them her way for a good talking to, I couldn’t stop laughing. My mum dropped me off at the school gate about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills. I couldn’t wait until tomorrow and thought that I was really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hoped that my new friends would feel the same way too. 48．How did the author feel the night before her new school? A．Tired. B．Excited. C．Worried. D．Relaxed. 49．What did the author think of her mother’s advice? A．Clear. B．Funny. C．Reasonable. D．Excellent. 50．What happened to the author’s first day of school? A．She met many nice people. B．She had a hurried breakfast. C．She learned some new skills. D．She arrived at school very early. 51．What can we infer about Abigail? A．She disliked Stacey. B．She was shy and quiet. C．She got on well with the author. D．She was an old friend of the author. Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of learning. But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children. The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking much about what they’re writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information. This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts. To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches, the authors of the new study sewed 256 electrodes (电极) into a hairnet. These sensors let the scientists record 36 students’ brain activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen. When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions. Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, “As you’re writing a word, you’re taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That creation then affects the visual system, where it’s processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it. Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don’t mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom. Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources. However, there’s a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive (认知的) tasks, such as taking photos instead of memorizing information. Yadurshana Sivashankar, an researcher at the University of Waterloo says, “If we’re not actively using these areas, then they are going to become worse over time, whether it’s memory or motor skills.” 52．Why does the author mention the 2014 study? A．To present different research findings. B．To make the new research more convincing. C．To compare two note taking approaches. D．To show the advantage of writing slowly. 53．What can be learned from the experiment in Paragraph 3? A．Sensors were used to process visual information. B．Electrodes were connected to students’ hair directly. C．Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing. D．Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action. 54．What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do? A．Make better use of motor system. B．Take advantage of digital devices. C．Adopt a new approach to taking notes. D．Memorize words by writing essays. 55．What is the main idea of the text? A．Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom. B．Writing by hand comes with learning benefits. C．Taking notes enhances students’ brain activity. D．Two note-taking approaches have clear differences. Four popular family staycation (宅度假) destinations in Los Angeles Pavilion Hotel — Catalina Island 513 Crescent Ave., Avalon, CA 90704 Phone: (877) 778-8322 Catalina Island is the perfect destination for a family staycation and the Pavilion Hotel is a perfect spot on the island. The Pavilion Hotel is merely 14 steps from a Catalina beach and offers a big daily continental breakfast and a nightly wine and cheese hour free of charge. There is so much to do such as biking, hiking, swimming and boat tours. Do reserve your spot before availability. Venice Breeze Suites 2 Breeze Ave., Venice, CA 90291 Phone: (310) 566-2222 Venice Breeze Suites is a hotel right on the Venice Beach boardwalk (木板路) that offers a fun atmosphere. The hotel is located in a classic oceanfront building in the heart of a bicycle-friendly urban beach community filled with unique places to go such as the Venice Canals, State Park, and Musical Beach. Pacific Edge Hotel 647 S. Coast Hwy., Laguna Beach, CA 92651 Phone; (949) 494-8566 There is no place quite like Laguna Beach for a perfect family vacation. The Pacific Edge Hotel offers the comfort of home. The hotel’s facilities include a praised pack ‘n’ play for little ones, lounge chairs, umbrellas, beach towels, two heated pools, and a ping-pong table. Malibu Beach Inn 22878 Pacific Coast Hwy., Malibu, CA 90265 Phone: (310) 651-7777 Located along the seashore nicknamed “Billionaire’s Beach”, Malibu Beach Inn offers you complete relaxation. Each of the 47 well-equipped rooms has a private balcony. You will also be just steps away from Malibu landmarks and high-end boutiques (精品店), rough hiking trails (小路) that lead to wild water sports, and the beach. 56．What information can people get from Venice Breeze Suites? A．It provides wild water sports facilities. B．People can watch music performances in the evening. C．Its position is in a classic building in a beach community. D．People can enjoy a nightly wine and cheese hour for free. 57．What can people do if they stay at Pacific Edge Hotel? A．They can play table tennis there. B．They can appreciate Malibu landmarks. C．They can have a daily continental breakfast. D．They can hike on long rough trails that lead to the beach. 58．How can you make a contact if you would like to buy fashionable clothes or expensive gifts? A．By calling (949) 494-8566. B．By calling (310) 651-7777. C．By calling (310) 566-2222. D．By calling (877) 778- 8322. We want to pave(为铺路) the way for the women who try their best to achieve their dreams in the scientific world. That’s why ABC Wildlife offers a scholarship(奖学金) to increase the number of women studying science as well as technology, engineering and mathematics. To Apply Please send your essay(论文) in 1 000 words or fewer to grants@abcwildlife.com. The subject line must include “Women in STEM Scholarship”. You do not need to be a United States citizen to apply. This scholarship is open to women. Graduate and undergraduate students are welcome to apply by the deadline of July 1st. Award $1, 000 will be given to the top essay handed in. Up to nine other students may receive $500 for their essays. Those who hand in an essay can get a book. The money may be used for some learning projects, housing, transportation, or other education-related costs. Eligibility(资格) A．To apply for the scholarship, applicants must be students enrolled(登记) at a college or university recognized by the US Department of Education. B．Applicants must be studying or planning to study the fields of science, technology, engineering or mathematics. 59．What should you do to apply for ABC Wildlife Protection Scholarship? A．Hand in a 1200-word essay. B．Write anything that you are fond of. C．Find an American to recommend you. D．Send your essay to the specific e-mail. 60．What can you get if your essay is considered the best? A．$ 500. B．A book. C．$ 1 000. D．A house. 61．Who can apply for the scholarship? A．A girl who is going to major in mathematics. B．A senior high school student who likes science. C．A boy whose dad works in ABC Wildlife. D．A worker of the US Department of Education. Exercise lowers the risk of many diseases, but scientists still don’t fully understand how exercise changes the body on a molecular (分子的) level. Most studies have focused on a single organ, sex, or time point, and only include one or two data types. To take a more comprehensive look at the biology of exercise, scientists with the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) used a range of techniques in the lab to analyze molecular changes in rats as they were put through the paces of weeks of intense exercise. The team studied a range of tissues from the animals, such as the heart, brain, and lungs. They found that each of the organs they looked at changed with exercise, helping the body to regulate the immune system (免疫系统), respond to stress, and control pathways connected to inflammatory (发炎的) liver disease, heart disease, and tissue injury. The data provide potential clues into many different human health conditions; for example, the researchers found a possible explanation for why the liver becomes less fatty during exercise, which could help in the development of new treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The team hopes that their findings could one day be used to tailor exercise to an individual’s health status or to develop treatments that mimic the effects of physical activity for people who are unable to exercise. They have already started studies on people to track the molecular effects of exercise. “It took a village of scientists with distinct scientific backgrounds to generate and integrate the massive amount of high-quality data,” said a co-senior author of the study. “This is the first whole-organism map looking at the effects of training in multiple different organs. The resource produced will be enormously valuable, and has already produced many potentially novel biological insights for further exploration.” 62．What is the primary focus of the studies conducted by MoTrPAC? A．The overall molecular changes due to exercise. B．The impact of exercise on immune system only. C．The effects of exercise limited to heart and lungs. D．The molecular effects of exercise on a single organ. 63．What potential application does the research have? A．It makes for developing new sports equipment. B．It can be used to predict the effects of exercise. C．It explains how exercise increases stress levels. D．It can help understand various health conditions. 64．What is the researchers’ current work? A．Tailoring exercise programs based on the molecular data. B．Developing treatment s that mimic the effects of exercise. C．Studying the molecular effects of exercise in human subjects. D．Expanding the study to a broader range of health conditions. 65．What can we infer about the research from the last paragraph? A．It’s commercial. B．It’s a team’s effort. C．It’s insignificant. D．It’s an interesting debate. Learning a foreign language can be difficult, but if you follow certain techniques, you’ll be able to learn any language soon. Although there’s no easy way to go about it, with some hard work and practice, you can be fluent in the near future. Learn from your past experience. If you’ve learned languages in the past, go over what you learned then and try to figure out what was most effective for you. 66 What didn’t? Which parts of the process did you find easy? Which parts were hard? When you’ve sorted this out, you’ll be ready to start learning the language. Study English Phonology (音系学). English Phonology deals with English pronunciation. 67 You can find many websites and online videos on English Phonology. Relate English pronunciation with other language pronunciation. Pay attention to the grammar. 68 “Paul want Mary go store” may communicate an idea, but it is not at all correct English. If you do not pay attention to grammar, you can sound equally incomprehensible in another language. 69 Just imagine you went to a shopping center. Then think how you would interact with people. Write the whole conversation in your native language then translate every sentence into the required language. Memorize 30 words and phrases each day. Start with the most common words. Memorization is half the battle and there are many different ways to memorize. You can practice writing each word a dozen times. 70 A．What helped you learn? B．Speak with native speakers. C．What is the best method suitable for you? D．This way will get you used to using the word itself. E．It helps in understanding pronunciation of other languages. F．Translate your daily spoken native language into the required language. G．This is probably the most important part of the language besides the vocabulary. In the Roman times and throughout the Middle Ages, salt was a valuable commodity (商品), and also served as “white gold”. Soldiers in the Roman army were sometimes paid with salt instead of money. Their monthly allowance was called “salarium” (“sal” being the Latin word for salt). This Latin root can be recognized in the French word “salaire” and it eventually made it into English as the word “salary”. Language is something we take for granted. However, as the example with the word “salary” shows, languages are not static. Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too. Given all these similarities, linguists (语言学家) who study the evolution of languages often use tools that are similar to those used by evolutionary biologists. One such tool is the reconstruction of a species tree. Such a tree shows the evolutionary history and relationships within a given group of biological species. Using a reconstructed species tree, evolutionary biologists can often infer specific characteristics of ancestral species. Or they can match up common ancestors in the tree with actual fossils that have been found by paleontologists (古生物学家). This allows them to put real dates at various branching points in the tree. Thus, species tree reconstruction is an essential tool in studying biological evolution. A similar technique can be used to study language evolution because languages also evolve and consist of words that can be easily compared. Indeed, linguists have reconstructed entire language trees. And as with species trees, characteristics of ancient ancestral languages can be derived (衍生) from them. Of course, there also are some differences between species evolution and language evolution, each requiring unique additional methods to study them in detail. But, overall, it is fascinating to see how the basic ideas and research tools of language evolution are similar to those of biological evolution. 71．Why does the author mention the word “salary” in paragraph 1? A．To illustrate the evolution of language. B．To present the effect of Latin on languages. C．To stress the value of salt in ancient times. D．To show developments in linguistic theory. 72．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．Cultural diversity and biodiversity are linked. B．Species and languages have a lot in common. C．Human-caused mass extinction is accelerating. D．Languages influence and learn from each other. 73．What can we know about the reconstructed species tree? A．It is currently in the design stage. B．It facilitates the research of linguists. C．It can be used in a variety of ways. D．It is the first choice for biologists. 74．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Language System Evolved Over Time B．The Twin Extinctions of Species and Languages C．Salt Played a Crucial Role in Early Human History D．From Salt to Salary: Linguists Take a Page from Biology A good story. That’s what influences our choice to buy a book the most. Right? Some of the biggest-selling novels of all time just so happened to be attached to major publishers. Indeed, any reading lover will be familiar with the countless publishing houses that have brought brilliant works to the market. So in theory, perhaps a publisher does matter. Every time you read a book that you enjoy, you likely look at the publisher attached to it. That name is a signal that they will produce other content that fits with that same style. It makes a lot of sense to continue to purchase texts from a company that is telling the kinds of stories that you enjoy the most. Consumer habits are thus based on trust that a publisher will be consistent in the books they deliver and that investing time in them is more reliable than an untested source. The strength of the author themselves can also play into that. After all, well-liked authors are often signed to a book deal with a select few publishers, strengthening the brand further. Of course, a publisher would be nothing without its logo, which is a major call-to-arms for all fans of the brand. The top publishers in the world instantly recognizable imagery, which catch the attention while summing up the name of a brand in an instant. That thus builds our association with a given name. The fun penguin shape of Penguin Random House is so iconic, for example, that it could not be confused with any other publishing business. There might be a place for those indie (独立经营的) book companies, with occasional stories breaking through and forcing people to take notice. In truth that’s far less common than you expect. Expert Cassandra Davis, however, provides a hopeful insight. “Indie bookshops are more likely to stock an indie publisher’s books, especially if the author is local to the bookshop.” She says. Therefore, supporting local bookshops is a vital way to keep the indie industry alive and change these trends. 75．Which of the following is not a strategy for a publisher to promote its brand? A．Maintaining consistent publishing style. B．Contracting with renowned writers. C．Offering discounts to repeat customers. D．Designing a distinctive trademark. 76．What is the author’s attitude towards indie publishers? A．Optimistic. B．Sympathetic. C．Objective. D．Indifferent. 77．What does the underlined words “these trends” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Dominance of major publishers. B．Lack of attention to excellent books. C．Depression of local bookshops. D．Stability of consumers’ preferences. 78．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Should We Judge a Book by Its Publisher? B．Do Publishers Influence Our Reading Choices? C．Why Do We Choose the Same Publisher Continuously? D．What Advantages Do Major Publishers Have Over Indie Ones? 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对夫妇在家门口建立了一个小型免费图书馆，与社区书籍爱好者建立联系，分享阅读乐趣的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The idea resonated with us immediately — instead of selling the books we didn’t want to read, we could simply walk them to the roadside.(这个想法立刻引起了我们的共鸣——我们可以直接把不想读的书送到路边，而不是卖掉)”可知，作者建立Little Free Library是为了更好地处理自己不想要的书籍。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Many of those who use our library do not hesitate to share their love of this neighborhood resource. One gentleman regularly stops by to pick up books for a nearby retirement home. At other times, we have received cards and gifts, including chocolates and even a personalized drawing from a local artist.(许多使用我们图书馆的人毫不犹豫地分享他们对这个社区资源的热爱。一位绅士经常路过，为附近的养老院取书。在其他时候，我们收到卡片和礼物，包括巧克力，甚至是当地艺术家的个性化绘画)”可知，本段主要讲述了使用这个图书馆的人们之间的友谊。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Like the people who use our library, the books that come and go reflect the broad diversity of our city.(就像使用我们图书馆的人一样，来来往往的书反映了我们城市的广泛多样性)”可知，作者之所以对这个图书馆抱有热情，是因为这些书籍反映了城市的多元化。故选D。 4． 主旨大意题。结合全文及文章最后一段“Our Little Free Library has raised our love of reading and has connected (联系) us to a community of book lovers in the heart of our busy neighborhood.(我们的小免费图书馆提高了我们对阅读的热爱，并将我们与繁忙社区中心的书友社区联系起来)”可知，文章主要讲述了一对夫妇在家门口建立了一个小型免费图书馆，与社区书籍爱好者建立联系，分享阅读乐趣的故事，故C项“免费的小图书馆：促进更紧密的联系”适合作为文章标题。故选C。 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述讲述了作者在遭遇暴风雪后被困路上，通过向社区求助最终得到好心人André Bouvier帮助的故事。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I didn’t know where I was.(我不知道自己身在何处)”以及“What would my black car look like in such a heavy snowstorm at night? Would it be invisible? Was I on someone’s farm? Or worse, was I on the wrong side of the road? I searched my location online and figured out that I was on a road called Bouvier Lane.(在这么大的暴风雪中，我的黑色轿车会是什么样子呢？它会看不见吗？我是在别人的农场吗？或者更糟，是我走错路了吗？我在网上搜索了我的位置，发现我在一条叫布维尔巷的路上)”可知，由于暴风雪作者看不见路，不知道自己身在何处，故选C。 6．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“What would my black car look like in such a heavy snowstorm at night?(在这么大的暴风雪中，我的黑色轿车会是什么样子呢？)”和“I posted this new information to my Facebook community group, asking anyone who knew someone nearby to rescue me.(我把这个新信息发布到我的Facebook社区群里，请求任何认识附近某人的人来救我)”以及划线词所在句子“At 8 pm, my phone rang. It was the daughter of the farmer who owned the land beside the road where my car was stranded. (晚上8点，我的电话响了。那是我的车被stranded在路边的那块地的主人的女儿。)”可知，作者的车被困在暴风雪中，stranded意为“困住”，故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I posted this new information to my Facebook community group, asking anyone who knew someone nearby to rescue me.(我把这个新信息发布到我的Facebook社区群里，请求任何认识附近某人的人来救我)”和第三段中“At 8 pm, my phone rang. It was the daughter of the farmer who owned the land beside the road where my car was stranded. She told me that her dad was coming to get me!(晚上8点，我的电话响了。那是我的车被困在路边的那块地的主人的女儿。她告诉我她爸爸要来接我)”可知，作者发布了求救信息，André的女儿给作者打了电话，故André是通过女儿得知作者需要帮助，故选B。 8．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“I posted this new information to my Facebook community group, asking anyone who knew someone nearby to rescue me.(我把这个新信息发布到我的Facebook社区群里，请求任何认识附近某人的人来救我)”和最后一段中“The experience let me approach challenges and surprises with a sense of calm. It reminded me to always reach out and help others — both friends and strangers.(这段经历让我以一种冷静的态度面对挑战和惊喜。它提醒我要随时伸出援手，帮助别人——无论是朋友还是陌生人)”可知，文章主要讲述讲述了作者在遭遇暴风雪后被困路上，通过向社区求助最终得到好心人André Bouvier帮助的故事。A项“暴风雪夜的一次救援”为最佳标题，故选A。 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，研究表明人所吃的食物会影响人的大脑功能和整体健康。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some mice smelled them curiously, but others just moved on. They didn’t remember the objects were once in a different place .(一些老鼠好奇地闻着它们，但其他老鼠只是继续前进。他们不记得这些东西曾经在不同的地方。)”可知，这些老鼠不记得这些东西，所以这些老鼠继续前行是因为这些老鼠健忘。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Foods with too much salt and sugar affect the microbiome (肠道菌群) in your body by killing the right bacteria (细菌) in it. These bacteria protect you from illness and keep your mind sharp. Lacking them can lead to being overweight and depression. (饮食中太多的盐和糖会通过杀死身体里的细菌而影响肠道菌。这些细菌能保护你不生病，让你思维敏捷。缺乏它们会导致超重和抑郁。)”可推断，如果摄入太多的糖和盐会导致肥胖和抑郁。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s the long-term habits that really matter. Being good to your microbiome over the next six months is a lot more important than what you ate yesterday, or what you eat tomorrow. (真正重要的是长期习惯。在接下来的六个月里，对你的微生物群有益比你昨天吃什么或明天吃什么重要得多。)”可知，维持一个长期的健康饮食习惯比什么都重要。故选C。 12．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Food can have the same effect on people, too. (食物对人也有同样的影响。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，研究表明人所吃的食物会影响人的大脑功能和整体健康。D项“食物对健康的影响。”能够概括文章大意，故选D。 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是作者曾经是一个报童，他听从父亲的建议，关心一位丧偶的顾客Mrs. Stanley，每次去Mrs. Stanley家送报都会停留一会儿倾听她的故事。而作者多年后又被自家的报童关心着。由此作者感悟到社区邻里之间应多互相关心。 13． 推理判断题。根据第二段“Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning.” she’d say. The first time she said that, soda (汽水) went up my nose. (斯坦利太太主要谈论她死去的丈夫，“斯坦利先生和我今天早上去购物了。”她会说。她第一次这么说的时候，汽水就进了我的鼻子。)”可推测，作者第一次听到Mrs. Stanley说死去的丈夫和她今天早上去购物了时，汽水就进了鼻子，可以推断出作者当时极为震惊的。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“So that’s what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery (墓地). (所以我就这么做了，结果证明爸爸是对的。过了一会儿，她似乎满足于把丈夫留在墓地。)”可知，Mrs. Stanley看来已从失去丈夫的悲痛中走了出来，说明画线部分描述的是：她可能“消除自己的悲伤情绪，从悲伤中走出来了”。A. recover from her sadness从悲伤中恢复过来；B. move out of the neighborhood搬离社区；C. turn to her old friends转向她的老朋友；D. speak out about her past说出她的过去。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Community isn’t so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care, and not because they’re getting paid to do so. Sometimes it’s good to just smile, nod your head and listen (社区与其说是一个地方，不如说是一种精神状态。当人们问你过得怎么样时，你会发现这是因为他们关心你，而不是因为他们这样做是为了赚钱。有时候微笑、点头、倾听也不错。)”可知，作者想要表明的观点是社区邻里间应该互相关心。故选D。 16．C 17．A 18．C 19．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文以新加坡为例介绍了英语在国家发展中起到的重要作用。 16．推理判断题。根据第一段“The ability to speak English fluently has become a necessity for individuals and countries to participate in the global economy. This is particularly true for countries that heavily rely on international trade and investment. Singapore is a perfect example of such a country.(流利地说英语的能力已经成为个人和国家参与全球经济的必要条件。对于严重依赖国际贸易和投资的国家来说尤其如此。新加坡就是一个很好的例子)”可知，英语是吸引外国投资者的重要工具。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段“While there are four official languages in Singapore, English, Chinese, Malay, and Tamil, English is the most commonly used language in business, education, and government.(虽然新加坡有四种官方语言：英语、汉语、马来语和泰米尔语，但英语是商业、教育和政府中最常用的语言)”可知，新加坡虽然有四门官方语言，但英语是使用最广泛的语言。故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据第三段“The country’s founding father, Lee Kuan Yew, acknowledged the significance of English in the international business environment and made it a priority to promote English learning in Singapore. (新加坡的国父李光耀承认英语在国际商业环境中的重要性，并将促进新加坡的英语学习作为优先事项)”可知，新加坡之父李光耀认识到英语在全球经济中的重要性，才大力推行英语。故选C。 19．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The ability to speak English fluently has become a necessity for individuals and countries to participate in the global economy.(流利地说英语的能力已经成为个人和国家参与全球经济的必要条件)”以及最后一句“Singapore is a perfect example of such a country.(新加坡就是一个很好的例子)”可知，英语在国际贸易中已经是一个必备技能，新加坡就是一个很好的例子。根据最后一段最后一句“As a consequence, the country started marching forward steadily towards prosperity.(结果，国家开始稳步走向繁荣)”可知，由于新加坡重视英语教育，在对外贸易上有很大优势，使得这个国家逐渐走向繁荣。B选项“英语学习推动新加坡发展”符合文章标题。故选B。 20．A 21．B 22．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四本2023年最好的儿童书籍。 20．细节理解题。根据第二段“Little scientists will be especially interested in this nonfiction book that explains how vaccines work, and that they help protect your body from diseases you’ve never had before.(小科学家们会对这本非小说类书籍特别感兴趣，这本书解释了疫苗的工作原理，以及它们有助于保护你的身体免受你以前从未患过的疾病的侵害)”可知，A VACCINE IS LIKE A MEMORY适合对科学有浓厚兴趣的孩子。故选A。 21．推理判断题。根据第三段“A great new series to help new middle graders figure out and process their new world.(一个伟大的新系列，帮助初中生发现和处理他们的新世界)”可知，PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND的目标读者是年轻的学生。故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you need more inspiration for kids’ reading, below is our website!(如果你需要更多关于儿童阅读的灵感，下面是我们的网站！)”可知，文章可能选自互联网网站。故选C。 23．D 24．A 25．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文，介绍了四部世界畅销书。 23．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Set on an island, ten people are stranded with a killer among them. Each character has a dark past, and the killer starts playing games with them, eliminating them one by one based on the nursery rhyme “Ten Little Indians.” The remaining survivors try to figure out who the killer is, while also trying to protect themselves from the inevitable fate that awaits them.(故事发生在一个小岛上，十个人被困在岛上，其中有一个杀手。每个角色都有黑暗的过去，杀手开始和他们玩游戏，根据童谣“十个小印第安人”一个接一个地消灭他们。剩下的幸存者试图找出凶手是谁，同时也试图保护自己免受等待他们的不可避免的命运)”可知，阿加莎·克里斯蒂创作的小说《无人生还》讲述了10个陌生人被邀请到一个孤岛上，却一个接一个地被杀害的故事，这是侦探故事迷会感兴趣的材料。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段“The novel explores themes of justice, love, and the complexities of revolution, painting a vivid picture of the tremendous changes in a certain period.(这部小说探讨了正义、爱情和革命的复杂性等主题，生动地描绘了某一时期的巨大变化)”以及第二段“Set in the Ming Dynasty, it tells the rise and fall of the Jia family, exploring themes of love, fate, family, and society.(该剧以明朝为背景，讲述了贾氏家族的兴衰，探讨了爱情、命运、家庭和社会等主题)”可知，两部小说都讲述主人公体会的巨大变化。故选A。 25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Please click here for more bestsellers in the world.(请点击这里查看更多全球畅销书)”可知，文章出自文学方面的网站。故选B。 26．B 27．D 28．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几本值得阅读的书。 26．细节理解题。根据Feel Free部分的“This new book isn’t a novel, however, but a collection of the author’s essays and book reviews. They are very wide-ranging.(这本新书不是小说，而是作者的一些散文和书评的合集。它们涉猎甚广。)”可知，Feel Free这本书涵盖的主题最广泛。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据Enlightenment Now：The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress 部分的“Steven Pinker, a world-famous Canadian-American cognitive scientist, is worried about how people think today, believing that we’re all too pessimistic(悲观).(史蒂文·平克（Steven Pinker）是一位世界著名的加拿大裔美国认知科学家，他担心现在人们的思维方式，认为我们都太悲观了。)”可知，这本书的特别之处在于它是一位著名科学家写的。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据Census部分的“Hardcover $19.65”，Feel Free部分的“Hardcover $18.30”和Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress部分的“Hardcover $21.00”可知，如果你买每本书的精装本，总共要付58.95美元。故选A。 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和室友凯特相处的一些事情。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed?”(很快，我听到她尖叫道：“把你的鞋子拿走！为什么在我床底下？”)”可知，那天晚上，凯特非常生气的原因是她看到作者的鞋子在她床下。故选D。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.(突然，一种温暖的同情之情在我心中升起)”可以推断出， 作者主要是想通过收拾房间这种行为表达对凯特的关心。故选C。 31．推理判断题。根据第一段“I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.(我从来都不太整洁，而我的室友凯特却非常有条理。她的每件东西都有自己的位置，但我的东西总是藏在某个地方。她甚至把每样东西都贴上标签。我总是寻找一切。随着时间的推移，凯特变得更整洁，而我变得更凌乱。她把我的脏衣服推开，我把书放在她整洁的桌子上。我们都厌倦了对方)”可知，该段主要通过对比的方式说明两个人在生活习惯方面的巨大差异。故选B。 32．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.(我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：让步、清理和坚持)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者和室友凯特相处的一些事情。故D选项“学会成为室友”最符合文章标题。故选D。 33．C 34．A 35．D 36．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了疫情期间，一位老师每天与学生用他们自创的方式打招呼。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in-person interaction. (由于新冠病毒大流行，Mary Schulz几个月来一直依赖在线学习，当她回到教室时，这位爱荷华州罗克韦尔的老师说，她可以知道她的学生们想念面对面的互动。)”以及第二段““We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” (Schulz说：“我们已经习惯了早上见面，在门口互相问候。我们总是互相拥抱、击掌或握手。”。“那是我们做的事。”)”可知，学生们返校后遇到的问题是不能像以前一样问候老师了。故选C。 34．词句猜测题。根据第二段““We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” (Schulz说：“我们已经习惯了早上见面，在门口互相问候。我们总是互相拥抱、击掌或握手。”。“那是我们做的事。”)”以及第三段“When we came back, we hadn’t seen each other in so long and the students just wanted to reach out, you could see it (当我们回来时，我们已经很久没见面了，学生们只是想伸出手，你可以看到它)”可知，此处表示可以看到学生想要伸出手，it指代的是学生渴望与老师接触(拥抱、举手击掌、握手)。故选A。 35．推理判断题。根据第六段“If I’m not at that door in the morning, they stand and wait for me. (如果我早上不在那扇门前，他们就会站着等我。)”、第七段“The kids’ hellos differ from one another, including a quiet wave, a ballet dancer’s curtsy (a formal greeting), making a heart with hands, and a foot-to-foot greeting, according to Schulz. (据Schulz介绍，孩子们的问候各不相同，包括安静的挥手、芭蕾舞演员的屈膝礼（正式的问候）、用手做心形手势和脚对脚的问候。)”以及第八段“Even kids who are not in Schulz’s homeroom have created their own greetings to do with her each morning. (即使是不在Schulz班里的孩子，每天早上也会为她创造自己的问候。)”可知，Schulz的学生每天等着跟她用各种自创的方式打招呼，就连其他班的学生也加入这一行列，由此可推知，这种打招呼方式很受学生们欢迎。故选D。 36．推理判断题。根据第一段“When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in-person interaction. (由于新冠病毒大流行，Mary Schulz几个月来一直依赖在线学习，当她回到教室时，这位爱荷华州罗克韦尔的老师说，她可以知道她的学生们想念面对面的互动。)”、第四段“After one week of school, Schulz came up with a solution (解决办法). (开学一周后，舒尔茨想出了一个解决方案。)”、最后一段“Something that I thought was pretty simple has really amazed me in how it’s reached all over the world and brought happiness to so many people. Right now, I think that’s what we need. (我认为很简单的东西真的让我感到惊讶，它是如何传播到世界各地的，并为这么多人带来了幸福。现在，我认为这就是我们需要的。)”以及文章内容可知，Schulz关注到学生的苦恼和不适应，随后积极想办法解决，最终达到了很好的效果。由此可推知，她积极乐观且关心他人。故选B。 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型手套，该手套由加州研究人员开发，内置传感器，能通过智能手机应用把美国手语实时翻译为英语，促进手语与非手语使用者间的沟通。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers. Hopefully, this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them. (该设备可以帮助消除手语使用者和非手语使用之间的沟通障碍。希望这能为使用手语的人与不使用手语的人直接交流开辟一条简单的途径，而不需要别人为他们翻译)”可知，这款新手套是为手语使用者设计的。故选D项。 38．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The glove has thin, stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals. These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist, which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone. (这款手套有细长的可伸缩传感器，由“导电纱线”制成，每个手指上都有传感器，可以将动作转化为信号。这些信号被发送到放置在人手腕上的一个“一美元硬币大小”的电路板上，然后被无线传输到智能手机上)”可知，本段主要介绍了这款新手套的工作原理。故选C项。 39．推理判断题。根据第六段中“The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”. (研究人员还在参与者的眉毛之间和嘴侧放置了传感器，以“捕捉作为美国手语一部分的面部表情”)”可推知，研究人员通过从更多角度捕捉手语的信息来提高手套的识别准确性。故选B项。 40．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores. (研究人员表示，这款手套需要学习更多的词汇，并能够更快地翻译手语，才能在商店中销售)”可推知，在未来，研究人员将进一步提高这款手套的性能。故选D项。 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述Jason和爸爸在路途上遇到了龙卷风，Jason和父亲走散，但是他凭着思考，相信自己，最后找到了爸爸的故事。 41．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.(杰森和他的父亲开车去杂货店买一些苹果)”及“The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling (隆隆的) sound heard across the ground.(天空很暗，但云层很少。当他们开车驶过街道时，地面上开始传来隆隆的声音)”可知，本段交代了故事发生的背景。故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately.(他把车停了下来，让杰森马上下车)”可知，杰森首先下了车；根据文章第三段“As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. (当他朝那栋楼走去时，他注意到右边有一块地)”可知，然后杰森注意到右边有一块地；根据文章第四段“Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.(杰森慢慢抬起头，紧张地环顾四周)”可知，接着杰森紧张地环顾四周；根据倒数第三段“He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.(他走进那个大房间，看见了他的爸爸。他跑过房间，给了他一个大大的拥抱)”可知，最后杰森给了爸爸一个拥抱。因此，顺序为③④①②。故选B。 43．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Jason’s father immediately realized that a tornado (龙卷风) was coming.(杰森的父亲立刻意识到龙卷风就要来了)”及“By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear.(这时风刮得更大了，看不见也听不见了)”可推知，龙卷风要来，风刮得很大，所以碎片到处都是，划线词与broken pieces为近义词。故选C。 44．推理判断题。根据文章讲述Jason和爸爸在路途上遇到了龙卷风，Jason和父亲走散，但是他凭着思考，相信自己，最后找到了爸爸的故事，因此，文章想要告诉我们，当遇到困难时，我们应该思维敏捷，相信自己。故选D。 45．B 46．C 47．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在岛屿度假期间，发现并救助了一只被塑料缠绕的海龟。随后，他们制作了一个标志牌，呼吁大家不要向海洋中扔垃圾，以保护海洋生物。 45．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My name is Ryan and last summer my family and I went to an island for our summer vacation. There were so many fun and interesting things to do on the island, but my favorite was fishing.(我的名字叫瑞恩，去年夏天，我和家人去了一个岛上度暑假。岛上有很多有趣的事情要做，但我最喜欢的是钓鱼)”可知，瑞恩最喜欢的是钓鱼。故选B项。 46．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““There you go, little turtle; now you can swim to your family,” Dad said as he cut the plastic off.(“好了，小乌龟；现在你可以游回家了，”爸爸边说边把塑料切掉)”可知，是爸爸切掉了乌龟身上的塑料。故选C项。 47．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I know! We should make a sign about not throwing rubbish into the sea, and put it in the sand on the beach,” I said.(“我知道了！我们应该制作一个禁止往海里扔垃圾的标志，并把它放在沙滩上，”我说)”可知，瑞恩做标志牌是为了阻止海洋污染。故选D项。 48．C 49．B 50．A 51．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在新学校的第一天经历。作者在新学校遇到了许多友好的人，结交了一些新朋友，并对未来的学习生活充满期待。 48．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“I was nervous the night before(我前一晚很紧张)”可知，作者在新学校的前一天晚上感到紧张。故选C。 49．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Mum kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn’t love me, Mum said she would send them her way for a good talking to, I couldn’t stop laughing.(妈妈一直问我怎么了。她告诉我没什么好担心的，每个人都会喜欢我。如果他们不喜欢我，妈妈说她会把那些人带到她面前好好谈谈，这让我忍不住笑了出来)”可知，作者认为母亲的话很有趣，因为母亲说要是不喜欢她，就把他们叫来好好谈谈，这让作者忍不住笑了起来。故选B。 50．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers(我交了很多新朋友，非常喜欢我的老师们).”以及第三段中的“She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together!(她人很好，我们很快就变得亲密了。我们一起度过了整个上午，并开始与另一个名叫斯泰西的女孩交谈。我们三个人一整天都坐在教室里，甚至一起回家)”可知，作者在新学校的第一天遇到了许多友好的人，结交了一些新朋友。故选A。 51．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away.( 她跑过来告诉我她叫阿比盖尔。她非常友好，我们立刻就变得很亲近)”可知，Abigail主动与作者打招呼，两人很快就变得亲密起来。因此，可以推断出Abigail与作者相处得很好。故选C。 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究表明手写笔记能增强学习效果，尤其是对儿童而言。手写可激活大脑视觉和运动区域，促进信息加工与概念理解，优于键盘输入。然而科技在教育中仍有其价值，关键在于平衡使用。 52．推理判断题。根据第二段“The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking much about what they’re writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information. (这项新的研究建立在2014年的一项研究的基础上，该研究表明，人们可能会快速打字，而不会过多考虑自己在写什么，但手写速度较慢，会让他们积极关注和处理收到的信息。)”可知，新的研究建立在2014年的研究的基础上，所以作者提及2014年的研究是为了让新的研究更具说服力。故选B项。 53．细节理解题。根据第三段“When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions. (当学生用手写字时，传感器在接收和处理感官信息的视觉区域以及帮助大脑利用环境输入来通知一个人下一步行动的运动皮层中发现了广泛的大脑连接。然而，打字导致这些大脑区域的活动极小。)”可知，手写可以激活大脑更广泛区域的活动，相比之下，打字只在这些区域产生了最小的活动，由此可知，手写比打字更能激活大脑活动。故选C项。 54．推理判断题。根据第四段“Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, “As you’re writing a word, you’re taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That creation then affects the visual system, where it’s processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it. (范德比尔特大学教育神经科学家Sophia Vinci Booher表示，最近的研究强调了身体动作和概念理解之间的明确联系，“当你写一个单词时，你正在对某物进行持续的理解，并使用运动系统来创造它。”然后，这种创造会影响视觉系统，在视觉系统中，它被再次处理，加强了动作与相关单词之间的联系。)”可知，Sophia Vinci Booher认为写单词可以增进持续的理解，所以Sophia Vinci Booher可能会建议学生通过写文章来记忆单词。故选D项。 55．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children. (但《心理学前沿》最近的一项研究表明，用笔和纸做笔记仍然是最好的学习方式，尤其是对儿童来说。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了手写笔记能增强学习效果，有助于学习。故选B项。 56．C 57．A 58．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了洛杉矶四个受欢迎的家庭度假目的地。 56．细节理解题。根据小标题Venice Breeze Suites下的“The hotel is located in a classic oceanfront building in the heart of a bicycle-friendly urban beach community filled with unique places to go such as the Venice Canals, State Park, and Musical Beach. (该酒店位于一座经典的海滨建筑中，处于一个对自行车友好的城市海滩社区的中心，周围有许多独特的去处，如威尼斯运河、州立公园和音乐海滩。)”可知，Venice Breeze Suites位于海滩社区的一栋经典建筑中。故选C项。 57．细节理解题。根据Pacific Edge Hotel下的“The Pacific Edge Hotel offers the comfort of home. The hotel’s facilities include a praised pack ‘n’ play for little ones, lounge chairs, umbrellas, beach towels, two heated pools, and a ping-pong table. (Pacific Edge Hotel酒店提供居家般的舒适。酒店的设施包括一个备受赞誉的小孩背包游戏、躺椅、遮阳伞、沙滩毛巾、两个温水游泳池和一张乒乓球桌。)”可知，人们在Pacific Edge Hotel可以打乒乓球，故选A项。 58．细节理解题。根据Malibu Beach Inn下的“You will also be just steps away from Malibu landmarks and high-end boutiques (精品店), rough hiking trails (小路) that lead to wild water sports, and the beach. (你距离马里布地标和高端精品店、通往野生水上运动的崎岖小路和海滩也仅几步之遥。)”及“22878 Pacific Coast Hwy., Malibu, CA 90265 Phone: (310) 651-7777 (22878太平洋海岸公路，马里布，加利福尼亚州90265电话：(310) 651-7777)”可知，如果想购买时尚或昂贵的礼物可以去Malibu Beach Inn，电话为(310) 651-7777，故选B项。 59．D 60．C 61．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了关于ABC Wildlife提供的STEM奖学金，旨在鼓励女性学生在科学、技术、工程和数学领域学习并实现梦想。 59．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Please send your essay(论文) in 1000 words or fewer to grants@abcwildlife.com. (请将你的论文以1000字或更少的字数发送到grants@abcwildlife.com)”可知，要申请ABC Wildlife Protection Scholarship需要将论文发送到特定的电子邮件地址，故选D项。 60．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“$1, 000 will be given to the top essay handed in. (提交的顶尖论文将获得1000美元)”可知，如果你的论文被认为是最好的，你将得到1000美元，故选C项。 61．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“To apply for the scholarship, applicants must be students enrolled(登记) at a college or university recognized by the US Department of Education. (要申请这项奖学金，申请人必须是在美国教育部认可的学院或大学注册的学生)”和“Applicants must be studying or planning to study the fields of science, technology, engineering or mathematics. (申请人必须正在学习或计划学习科学、技术、工程或数学领域)”可以推知，即将主修数学的女孩可以申请这项奖学金，故选A项。 62．A 63．D 64．C 65．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了体育活动分子传感器联盟的科学家通过研究，揭示了运动给身体不同器官带来的变化并探讨了其对健康的潜在益处。 62．细节理解题。根据第二段“To take a more comprehensive look at the biology of exercise, scientists with the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) used a range of techniques in the lab to analyze molecular changes in rats as they were put through the paces of weeks of intense exercise.(为了更全面地了解运动的生物学作用，体育活动分子传感器联盟的科学家们在实验室里使用了一系列技术来分析老鼠在经历数周高强度运动时的分子变化)”可知，MoTrPAC进行的研究的主要重点是实验鼠在经过几周的高强度运动后分子层面的变化。故选A。 63．细节理解题。根据第四段“The data provide potential clues into many different human health conditions; for example, the researchers found a possible explanation for why the liver becomes less fatty during exercise, which could help in the development of new treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.(这些数据为许多不同的人类健康状况提供了潜在线索；例如，研究人员发现了一种可能的解释，可以解释为什么肝脏在运动期间脂肪含量会减少，这可能有助于开发治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的新方法) ”可知，研究数据提供了多种人类健康状况的潜在线索，可以帮助了解各种健康状况。故选D。 64．细节理解题。根据第五段的“They have already started studies on people to track the molecular effects of exercise.(他们已经开始对人体进行研究，以追踪运动的分子效应)”可知，研究团队已经开始对人类进行研究，以追踪运动的分子效应。故选C。 65．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It took a village of scientists with distinct scientific backgrounds to generate and integrate the massive amount of high-quality data,” said a co-senior author of the study. “This is the first whole-organism map looking at the effects of training in multiple different organs. The resource produced will be enormously valuable, and has already produced many potentially novel biological insights for further exploration.”(该研究的一位资深合作者表示：“这需要一群拥有不同科学背景的科学家来生成和整合大量高质量的数据。”“这是首个观察训练对多个不同器官影响的全生物体图谱。所产生的资源将非常有价值，并且已经产生了许多潜在的新的生物学见解，可供进一步探索。”)”可知，这项研究需要一群来自不同专业领域的科学家来生成和整合大量高质量的数据，因此这项研究是一个团队合作的成果。故选B。 66．A 67．E 68．G 69．F 70．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了学习一门外语可能很难，但是如果你掌握某些技巧就能很快掌握任何语言。 66．根据上文的“Learn from your past experience. If you’ve learned languages in the past, go over what you learned then and try to figure out what was most effective for you.(从过去的经验中学习。如果你在过去学过语言，那就复习一下你学过的东西，然后找出对你最有效的方法)”和下文的“What didn’t? Which parts of the process did you find easy? Which parts were hard? When you’ve sorted this out, you’ll be ready to start learning the language.(什么没有？你觉得这个过程的哪一部分容易？哪些部分是困难的？当你解决了这些问题，你就可以开始学习这门语言了。)”可知，A项(什么对你的学习有帮助？)承接上文，说明你要回顾过去的学习经验，找出对你有帮助的学习方法，并引出下文，指出在回顾的过程中有哪些具体问题要弄清楚。故选A项。 67．根据上文的“Study English Phonology. English Phonology deals with English pronunciation.(学习英语音系学。英语音系学研究英语发音)”和下文的“You can find many websites and online videos on English Phonology. Relate English pronunciation with other language pronunciation.(你可以找到很多关于英语音韵学的网站和在线视频。将英语发音与其他语言发音联系起来)”可知，E项(它有助于理解其他语言的发音。)承接上文，指出了学习英语音系学的原因，并引出下文，具体介绍如何去做。故选E项。 68．根据上文的“Pay attention to the grammar.(注意语法)”和下文的““Paul want Mary go store” may communicate an idea, but it is not at all correct English. If you do not pay attention to grammar, you can sound equally incomprehensible in another language.(“保罗想让玛丽去商店”可能传达了一个想法，但它根本不是正确的英语。如果你不注意语法，你说的另一种语言听起来同样难以理解)”可知，G项(这可能是语言中除了词汇之外最重要的部分。)承接上文，说明了学习语法的重要性，并引出下文，指出不重视语法的后果。故选G项。 69．根据下文的“Just imagine you went to a shopping center. Then think how you would interact with people. Write the whole conversation in your native language then translate every sentence into the required language.(想象一下你去了一家购物中心。然后想想你将如何与人互动。用你的母语把整个对话写下来，然后把每个句子翻译成所需的语言)”可知，在日常生活中，可以把想要说的话先用母语写出来，然后再翻译成目标语言，F项(将你的母语翻译成所需语言。)作为段首句提出这个建议，符合语境。故选F项。 70．根据上文的“Memorize 30 words and phrases each day. Start with the most common words. Memorization is half the battle and there are many different ways to memorize. You can practice writing each word a dozen times.(每天记住30个单词和短语。从最常见的单词开始。记忆是成功的一半，有很多不同的记忆方法。每个单词你都可以练习写十几遍)”可知，D项(这种方法会让你习惯使用单词本身。)承接上文，说明了将每个单词写十几遍，这样会有助于你使用单词。故选D项。 71．A 72．B 73．B 74．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言进化与生物进化有众多相似之处，语言学家从研究自然物种演变的“物种树”中获取灵感，创建了“语言树”。 71．推理判断题。第一段介绍了英语中的“salary”一词的由来。下文介绍了语言进化同物种进化之间的相似性，这种相似性启发语言学家创建类似于物种树的语言树，帮助推进语言研究。由此可推断，作者在第一段提及“salary”是为了说明语言在不断演变。故选A项。 72．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too.(就像生物物种一样，语言随着时间的推移而改变，有时会发展出几种后代语言。例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语就是从拉丁语演变而来的语言之一。而且和物种一样，语言也可能灭绝)”可知，就像生物物种一样，语言会随着时间的推移而变化，有时会“物种化”，产生几种后代语言。就像物种一样，语言也会灭绝。由此可推断，物种和语言有很多相似之处。故选B项。 73．细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，语言进化与生物进化有很多相似之处，因此，一些语言学家经常使用与进化生物学家使用的工具相似的工具。物种树是帮助进化生物学家研究生物进化的重要工具，同时也为语言学家提供了灵感，促进了语言学家的研究。故选B项。 74．主旨大意题。作者在第一段以英语中的“salary”一词的例子说明了语言也在进化，进而在下文介绍物种和语言有很多相似之处，物种树启示语言学家创建语言树来推动语言的研究。D项能概括本文大意。故选D项。 75．C 76．C 77．A 78．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是出版商会影响我们的阅读选择的原因。 75．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Every time you read a book that you enjoy, you likely look at the publisher attached to it. That name is a signal that they will produce other content that fits with that same style.(每次你读一本你喜欢的书时，你可能会看它的出版商。这个名字是一个信号，表明他们将生产符合相同风格的其他内容。)”以及第三段“The strength of the author themselves can also play into that. After all, well-liked authors are often signed to a book deal with a select few publishers, strengthening the brand further. (作者自身的实力也会发挥作用。毕竟，受欢迎的作家通常会与少数几家选定的出版商签订出书协议，从而进一步强化其品牌。)”以及第四段“Of course, a publisher would be nothing without its logo, which is a major call-to-arms for all fans of the brand. .(当然，如果没有自己的logo，发行商就什么都不是，而这正是所有品牌粉丝的主要诉求。)”可知出版商推广其品牌的策略是保持一贯的出版风格、与知名作家签约并设计有特色的商标，文章没有提到给回头客提供折扣的策略，所以C项 Offering discounts to repeat customers.(给回头客提供折扣。)不是出版商为了推广其品牌所采取的策略。故选C项。 76．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There might be a place for those indie (独立经营的) book companies, with occasional stories breaking through and forcing people to take notice. In truth that’s far less common than you expect. Expert Cassandra Davis, however, provides a hopeful insight. “Indie bookshops are more likely to stock an indie publisher’s books, especially if the author is local to the bookshop.” She says. Therefore, supporting local bookshops is a vital way to keep the indie industry alive and change these trends.(独立图书公司可能会有一席之地，偶尔会有一些故事脱颖而出，引起人们的注意。事实上，这种情况比你想象的要少得多。然而，专家卡桑德拉·戴维斯提供了一个充满希望的见解。“独立书店更有可能出售独立出版商的书，尤其是如果作者是本地人。”她说。因此，支持当地书店是保持独立出版业活力和改变这些趋势的重要途径。)”可知在作者看来独立图书公司占有一席之地的机率是非常小的，但是作者又指出专家卡桑德拉•戴维斯提出支持当地书店可以保持独立出版业活力并改变这些趋势，由此可以推知作者对于独立出版商的态度是客观的。故选C项。 77．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“There might be a place for those indie (独立经营的) book companies, with occasional stories breaking through and forcing people to take notice. In truth that’s far less common than you expect. (独立图书公司可能会有一席之地，偶尔会有一些故事脱颖而出，引起人们的注意。事实上，这种情况比你想象的要少得多。)”以及划线词之前“Therefore, supporting local bookshops is a vital way to keep the indie industry alive and change (因此，支持当地书店是保持独立出版业活力和改变的重要途径。)”可知独立图书公司在与主要出版商的竞争中很难有脱颖而出的机会，但是支持当地书店则可以让独立出版业保持活力并有机会脱颖而出，即改变主要出版商占统治地位的局面，所以此处划线词these trends指的是主要出版商的统治地位。故选A项。 78．主旨大意题。文章第一段“Some of the biggest-selling novels of all time just so happened to be attached to major publishers. Indeed, any reading lover will be familiar with the countless publishing houses that have brought brilliant works to the market. So in theory, perhaps a publisher does matter.(一些有史以来最畅销的小说恰好是由大出版商出版的。的确，任何一个爱读书的人都不陌生，无数的出版社为市场带来了精彩的作品。所以从理论上讲，也许出版商确实很重要。)”提出出版商确实很重要的话题，文章第二、三以及四段分别从保持一贯的出版风格、与知名作家签约并设计有特色的商标三个方面来说明出版商推广其品牌的策略，文章最后一段指出独立出版商在与主要出版商在市场竞争方面所面临的困难，同时又为其指明了出路，纵观全文，文章主要是在围绕着出版商会影响我们的阅读选择及其原因来展开，所以B项Do Publishers Influence Our Reading Choices?(出版商会影响我们的阅读选择吗？)作为文章标题最为合适。故选B项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$