专题02中国民俗二十四节气-2023-2024学年高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化

高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化 中国民俗 节气（素材+语法填空+书面表达） 第一部分 话题素材积累 1．几千年来，二十四节气深刻影响着中国人的思维方式和行为准则，是人类文化多样性的生动证明。2016年12月1日，节气被联合国教科文组织列为非物质文化遗产。(汉译英) 2．二十四节气是中国古代农民为了指导农业事务和农耕活动，根据太阳在十二生肖中的位置而制定的。它反映了气候、自然现象、农业生产以及人类生活其他方面的变化，包括衣、食、住、行。二十四节气极大地影响了人们的基本生活需要，至今仍具有重要作用。(汉译英) 3．大约在2000年前，古代中国人把太阳每年的周期运动分为24个相等的部分。每个部分被称为“节气”，代表一年中某个独特的时期。24节气成了中国古代重要的一种历法。(汉译英) 4．24节气中，立春、立夏、立秋、立冬标志着四季的开始。(汉译英) 5．春分和秋分是一年中白天和黑夜时长相同的两个日子。夏至是一年中白天最长、夜晚最短的一天，而冬至日则相反。(汉译英) 6．雨水意味着春天开始下雨。惊蛰是指春雷唤醒冬眠的昆虫。清明当明亮而干净的春日景象取代冬天寒冷枯黄的景象时，意味着春天的到来。(汉译英) 7．清明是指春天的到来，一个明亮、干净的春天景象取代了冬天的寒冷、枯黄景象。谷雨预示着从那天起，降雨将增多，这对作物的生长有利。小满意味着将在夏季成熟的作物开始长出饱满的种子。芒种告诉人们小麦已经成熟了。(汉译英) 8．小暑和大暑表示夏季的大范围降临，大暑是一年中最热的一天。处暑意味着炎热的夏天很快就会过去。(汉译英) 9．白露告诉人们，露水出现在早晨，说明天气正在变冷，随着这种情况增多，我们进入寒露。霜降意味着本季第一场霜冻出现。(汉译英) 10．小雪和大雪意味着雪季到来。小寒和大寒表示冬季的寒冷程度，大寒是冬季中最冷的一天。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 11．最初，24节气是为了农业而设计，人们在二月的惊蛰开始播种，五月的芒种开始移栽稻苗。即使到今天，24节气也是中国人对天文规律及其与自然世界关系的认识体系和实践的产物。在国际气象学中，这种时间认知系统被誉为中国的第五大发明。(汉译英) Words and Expressions 二十四节气：The 24 solar terms 立春：Start of Spring/ the Beginning of Spring 雨水：Rain Water 惊蛰：the Waking of Insects 春分：the Spring Equinox 清明：Pure Brightness 谷雨：Grain Rain 立夏：Start of Summer/ the Beginning of Summer 小满：Lesser Fullness of Grain/ Grain Buds 芒种：Grain in Ear/ Grain in Beard 夏至：the Summer Solstice 小暑：Lesser Heat/ Slight Heat/ Minor Heat 大暑：Greater Heat/ Major Heat 立秋：Start of Autumn/ the Beginning of Autumn 处暑：the End of Heat 白露：White Dew 秋分：the Autumn Equinox 寒露：Cold Dew 霜降：Frost’s Descent 立冬：Start of Winter/ the Beginning of Winter 小雪：Lesser Snow/ Slight Snow/Minor Snow 大雪：Greater Snow/ Major Snow 冬至：the Winter Solstice 小寒：Lesser Cold/ Minor Cold 大寒：Greater Cold/ Major Cold 非物质文化遗产：Intangible Cultural Heritage 第二部分 话题语法填空 （一） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar, and they will know 12 weather will be like days or even months later. What’s the secret? They are following the 24 Solar Terms (节气), 13 is an important part of Chinese culture. And on Nov 30th, 2016, it 14 (add) to the List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UN. It is a knowledge system and social practice 15 (form) through people’s observations of the Sun’s annual movements and its influence on the climate. The 24 Solar Terms came into being during the Qin and Han dynasties. At that time, most Chinese people made their living on farms, so weather changes were 16 (extreme) important. However, they had no satellites, Internet or weather broadcast 17 (help) them. But people found a way. They studied the Sun’s movements with a sundial (日冕仪). They also paid attention to other 18 (nature) changes such as temperature, water and crops 19 (grow). In the end, they worked 20 the 24 Solar Terms to mark the changes. The terms became their guide to work. For example, Awakening of Insects (惊蛰) is when insects wake up from a long sleep in the cold winter. Farmers take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy 21 (farm). （二） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The “24 solar terms” are a vital part of the Chinese calendar, which has 22 (it) origin with the ancient Yellow River basin. The Chinese calendar 23 (include) “24 solar terms” provides detailed guidelines and timetable for agricultural 24 (activity). A complete set of “24 solar terms” first 25 (appear) in an ancient book The Huainanzi in early Han Dynasty. These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar, the first well documented calendar in 26 history of China. The Chinese Agriculture Calendar is 27 (actual) a combination of the lunar and solar calendar systems. There 28 (be) 365. 2422 days in one “sidereal year” while 12 lunar months add up to 354 days. To make both the lunar calendar 29 the solar calendar agree, a leap lunar month needs to be added every 2 to 3 years. Since the early Han Dynasty, a lunar month without a major solar term 30 (adopt) as a leap month (闰月) . With more far-reaching cultural exchanges, the “24 solar terms” have been known to people in other parts of the world and 31 (add)to the “UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage” list in 2016. （三） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Falling around December 22nd, the winter solstice (冬至) is one of the traditional Chinese festivals 32 also one of the 24 solar terms (节气). The winter solstice festival originated from the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD) and 33 (develop) well in the Tang and Song dynasties (618-1279). People in the old times attached great 34 (important) to the festival. In the Han Dynasty, the festival was regarded as the Winter Festival and people had one day off for the holiday. Officials organized the ceremonies 35 (celebrate) the day and people visited each other with delicious food. Traditions and customs for the day vary 36 different areas of China. In the northern part of China, people usually eat dumplings, and mutton to celebrate the day. In the southern part, tang yuan and noodles are the festival food. The dumpling is the 37 (essence) food for people in northern China. After the winter solstice, it will become colder and colder. By eating dumplings, people think they can avoid 38 (they) ears from being frozen as the dumplings look like people’s ear. Tangyuan, 39 is popular in southern China, is a kind of glutinous rice (糯米) ball with different fillings. It can 40 (boil) or fried. People think after 41 (eat) it, they will age one. People also use it to present to relatives and friends. 第三部分 话题写作 42．假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校将于下周五举办一场有关二十四节气(the 24 solar terms)的英文知识讲座。请你给留学生朋友Peter写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.讲座的信息：时间、地点和内容等； 3.期待回复。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．For thousand years, the 24 Solar Terms has profoundly influenced Chinese people’s way of thinking and code conduct. It is a vivid evidence of the cultural diversity of humanity. On December 1, 2016, the solar terms were listed by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage. 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。表示“几千年来”用固定短语for thousand years，其为现在完成时的时间标志；表示“二十四节气”用the 24 Solar Terms；表示“深刻地”用profoundly；表示“影响”用动词influence；表示“中国人的思维方式和行为准则”用Chinese people’s way of thinking and code conduct；表示“生动的”用vivid；表示“……的证明”用evidence of；表示“人类文化多样性”用the cultural diversity of humanity，此处表示的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。同时表示“2016年12月1日”用On December 1, 2016，表示具体某一天，介词用on；同时表示“节气被联合国教科文组织列为非物质文化遗产”用the solar terms were listed by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage，此处表示动作发生在过去，且“节气”是被“列入非物质文化遗产”，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为For thousand years, the 24 Solar Terms has profoundly influenced Chinese people’s way of thinking and code conduct. It is a vivid evidence of the cultural diversity of humanity. On December 1, 2016, the solar terms were listed by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage. 2．The 24 solar terms, based on the sun’s position in the zodiac, were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities. The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate, natural phenomena, agricultural production, and other aspects of human life, including clothing, food, housing, and transportation. The 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly influenced people’s basic needs in life, and they still have an important function nowadays. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和时态语态。分析所给中文句子，“二十四节气”译为“The 24 solar terms”，“根据太阳在十二生肖中的位置而制定的”可用过去分词作后置定语，译为“based on the sun’s position in the zodiac”，“是中国古代农民为了指导农业事务和农耕活动”，译为“were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities”描述是过去发生的事，用一般过去时，create和主语之间是被动关系，用被动语态，“它反映了气候、自然现象、农业生产以及人类生活其他方面的变化”，译为“The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate, natural phenomena, agricultural production, and other aspects of human life”描述客观事实，用一般现在时，“包括衣、食、住、行”用介宾短语作状语，译为“including clothing, food, housing, and transportation”，“二十四节气极大地影响了人们的基本生活需要”可用固定短语搭配：play important roles，描述的过去一直到现在的动作，用现在完成时，译为“The 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly influenced people’s basic needs in life”，“至今仍具有重要作用”，译为“and they still have an important function nowadays”为and连接的并列句。故译为：The 24 solar terms, based on the sun’s position in the zodiac, were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities. The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate, natural phenomena, agricultural production, and other aspects of human life, including clothing, food, housing, and transportation. The 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly influenced people’s basic needs in life, and they still have an important function nowadays. 3．Around 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese divided the sun’s annual circular motion into 24 equal segments. Each segment was called a “Solar Term”, which represented a unique period of a year. The 24 Solar Terms became the important kind of calendar in ancient China. 【详解】考查时态、从句和短语。“大约在2000年前”译为Around 2000 years ago，作时间状语，句子用一般过去时，“古代中国人把太阳每年的周期运动分为24个相等的部分”译为ncient Chinese divided the sun’s annual circular motion into 24 equal segments，是主句，divide...into...表示“把……分成……”；每个部分被称为“节气”译为each segment was called a “Solar Term”，call“称为”，与主语segment是被动关系，用被动语态，“代表一年中某个独特的时期”可译为非限制性定语从句，解释说明主语，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故译为which represented a unique period of a year；“24节气成了中国古代重要的一种历法”译为The 24 Solar Terms became the important kind of calendar in ancient China，是主系表结构，“in ancient China”表示在中国古代，结合主谓一致，故答案为Around 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese divided the sun’s annual circular motion into 24 equal segments. Each segment was called a “Solar Term”, which represented a unique period of a year. The 24 Solar Terms became the important kind of calendar in ancient China. 4．Within the 24 Solar Terms, Start of Spring, Start of Summer, Start of Autumn and Start of Winter marks the start of four seasons. 【详解】考查时态、主谓一致、名词。表示“24节气中”用within the 24 Solar Terms，作状语。表示“立春、立夏、立秋、立冬”用Start of Spring, Start of Summer, Start of Autumn and Start of Winter，作主语。表示“标志着”用mark，结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语视为整体，故谓语用第三人称单数形式marks。表示“四季的开始”用the start of four seasons，其中season意为“季节”，结合“四季”可知，用复数形式seasons，作of的宾语。故翻译为Within the 24 Solar Terms, Start of Spring, Start of Summer, Start of Autumn and Start of Winter marks the start of four seasons. 5．Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are the two points where the day and night are equal. Summer Solstice has the longest day and shortest night in a year, while the opposite is true for Winter Solstice. 【详解】考查时态、从句和短语。“春分和秋分”译为Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox，描述客观事实用一般现在时，“两个日子”译为the two points，“一年中白天和黑夜时长相同的”译为where引导的定语从句，从句“一年中白天和黑夜时长相同的”译为the day and night are equal，修饰points，从句中作抽象地点状语，用关系副词where；“夏至是一年中白天最长、夜晚最短的一天”译为Summer Solstice has the longest day and shortest night in a year，“冬至日则相反”译为the opposite is true for Winter Solstice.，表示比较，用while连接。故答案为Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are the two points where the day and night are equal. Summer Solstice has the longest day and shortest night in a year, while the opposite is true for Winter Solstice. 6．Rain Water means the start of the spring rains. Awakening of Insects indicates that the spring thunder awakens hibernating insects. When the bright and clean spring scene replaces the cold and withered winter scene during Qingming Festival, it means the arrival of spring. 【详解】考查宾语从句，状语从句和时态。分析所给中文句子，“雨水意味着春天开始下雨”描述客观事实，用一般现在时，译为“Rain Water means the start of the spring rains”，“惊蛰是指春雷唤醒冬眠的昆虫”可用宾语从句，“惊蛰是指”为主句，译为“Awakening of Insects indicates”，“春雷唤醒冬眠的昆虫”为宾语从句，从句结构完整，用that引导，译为“that the spring thunder awakens hibernating insects.”，“清明当明亮而干净的春日景象取代冬天寒冷枯黄的景象时”可用when引导的时间状语从句，译为“When the bright and clean spring scene replaces the cold and withered winter scene during Qingming Festival”，“意味着春天的到来”为主句，译为“it means the arrival of spring”。故译为：Rain Water means the start of the spring rains. Awakening of Insects indicates that the spring thunder awakens hibernating insects. When the bright and clean spring scene replaces the cold and withered winter scene during Qingming Festival, it means the arrival of spring. 7．Pure Brightness means the onset of spring when a bright and clean spring scene replaces the cold, withered and yellow scene in winter. Grain Rain indicates that from that day, there will be more rainfall, which is beneficial to the growth of crops. Grain Buds shows that crops that will ripen in summer start to show plump seeds. Grain in Ear tells people that the wheat has ripened. 【详解】考查动词时态、从句和名词短语。表示“清明”应用Pure Brightness，作主语，表示“意味着”应用动词mean，作谓语，主语为Pure Brightness且此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时，表示“春天的到来”应用名词短语the onset of spring，作宾语，同时为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，表示“一个明亮、干净的春天景象”应用名词短语a bright and clean spring scene，表示“取代”应用动词replace，作定语从句的谓语动词，此处为客观陈述且主语为单数，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，表示“冬天的寒冷、枯黄景象”应用名词短语the cold, withered and yellow scene in winter，作宾语；表示“谷雨”应用名词Grain Rain，作主语，表示“预示着”应用动词indicate，作谓语动词，此处应用一般现在时；表示“从那天起”应用介词短语from that day，作时间状语，表示“降雨将增多”应用there will be more rainfall，表示“这对作物的生长有利”应用which引导的非限制性定语从句，对前面一句话的内容进行补充说明，表示“对……有利”应用形容词短语be beneficial to ，作定语从句的谓语动词，应用一般将来，表示“作物的生长”应用名词短语the growth of crops，作宾语，表示“小满”应用Grain Buds，作主语，表示“意味着”应用动词show，作谓语动词，应用一般现在时，表示“作物”应用名词crops，作主语同时作that引导的定语从句的先行词，表示“将要成熟”应用will ripen，作定语从句的谓语动词，表示“在夏季”应用in the summer，作状语，表示“开始”应用动词start，作谓语，表示“长出饱满的种子”应用show plump seeds，由动词start知此处应用不定式形式作宾语，表示“芒种”应用Grain in Ear，作主语，表示“小麦已经成熟了”应用现在完成时the wheat has ripened，作tell的宾语。故翻译为Pure Brightness means the onset of spring when a bright and clean spring scene replaces the cold, withered and yellow scene in winter. Grain Rain indicates that from that day, there will be more rainfall, which is beneficial to the growth of crops. Grain Buds shows that crops that will ripen in summer start to show plump seeds. Grain in Ear tells people that the wheat has ripened。 8．Minor Heat and Major Heat indicate the full onset of summer, with the Major Heat being the hottest day of the year. End of Heat shows that scorching summer days will soon be gone. 【详解】考查时态、with复合结构和从句。根据句意，描述客观事实用一般现在时，“小暑”译为Minor Heat ，“大暑”译为Major Heat，“表示”译为indicate，“夏季的大范围降临”译为the full onset of summer，“大暑是一年中最热的一天”译为with the Major Heat being the hottest day of the year，with复合结构作状语。“处暑”译为End of Heat ，show“表明”，接that引导的宾语从句，“炎热的夏天很快就会过去”可译为scorching summer days will soon be gone，用将来时表示将来要发生的事情，结合主谓一致，故答案为Minor Heat and Major Heat indicate the full onset of summer, with the Major Heat being the hottest day of the year. End of Heat shows that scorching summer days will soon be gone. 9．White Dew tells people that dew appears in the morning to show that the weather is turning cold, and, as this intensifies, we move on to the Cold Dew. Frost’s Descent means the appearance of the first frost of the season. 【详解】考查名词、动词时态和从句。表示“白露”应用名词white dew，位于句首作主语，表示“告诉”应用动词tell ，作谓语动词，由句意此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时；表示“出现”应用appear，作宾语从句的谓语动词，由句意应用一般现在时，表示“在早晨”应用介词短语in the morning，作时间状语，表示“说明”应用动词show，此处应用不定式形式作状语，表示“天气正在变冷”应用the weather is turning cold，作show的宾语；表示“随着”应用as，引导时间状语从句，表示“增多”应用动词intensify，作as引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，表示“进入”应用move on to，作谓语，表示“寒露”应用the Cold Dew，表示“霜降”应用名词Frost’s Descent，作主语，表示“意味着”应用动词mean，作谓语，由句意此处应用一般现在时，表示“本季第一场霜冻出现”应用名词短语the appearance of the first frost of the season，作means的宾语。故翻译为White Dew tells people that dew appears in the morning to show that the weather is turning cold, and, as this intensifies, we move on to the Cold Dew. Frost’s Descent means the appearance of the first frost of the season。 10．Minor Snow and Major Snow mean the arrival of the snowy season. Minor Cold and Major Cold indicate the degree of coldness in winter, with the Great Cold being the coldest day of the season. 【详解】考查动词、名词和with的复合结构。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般现在时，描述客观事实。表示“小雪和大雪意味着雪季到来”应用句子Minor Snow and Major Snow mean the arrival of the snowy season.，为主谓宾结构；表示“小寒和大寒表示冬季的寒冷程度”应用句子Minor Cold and Major Cold indicate the degree of coldness in winter，为主谓宾结构；表示“大寒是冬季中最冷的一天”可用with的复合结构，为with the Great Cold being the coldest day of the season，其中being the coldest day of the season为现在分词作宾补。故翻译为Minor Snow and Major Snow mean the arrival of the snowy season. Minor Cold and Major Cold indicate the degree of coldness in winter, with the Great Cold being the coldest day of the season. 11．Originally, The 24 Solar Terms were worked out mainly for farming, people began to sow in February’s Awakening of Insects, and transplants rice seedlings in May’s Grain in Ear. Even till this day, the 24 Solar Terms is knowledge system and social practice through which the Chinese organize their perception of astronomical laws and their relation with natural world. In international meteorology, this cognitive system of time has been given the title of the Fifth Great Invention of China. 【详解】考查时态语态，从句和短语。“最初，24节气是为了农业而设计”描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，originally“最初”修饰整个句子用副词作状语，主句译为the 24 Solar Terms were worked out mainly for farming，work out表示“制定”符合句意，与主语the 24 Solar Terms是被动关系；“人们在二月的惊蛰开始播种，五月的芒种开始移栽稻苗。”译为people began to sow in February’s Awakening of Insects, and transplants rice seedlings in May’s Grain in Ear.，“播种”为sow， February’s Awakening of Insects表示“二月的惊蛰”，May’s Grain in Ear表示“五月的芒种”；“即使到今天”译为Even till this day，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，“认识体系”译为knowledge system，“实践”可译为social practice，“中国人对天文规律及其与自然世界关系的”可用定语从句thought which the Chinese organize their perception of astronomical laws and their relation with natural world，修饰knowledge system and social practicecIn international meteorology，“被誉为中国的第五大发明”译为has been given the title of the Fifth Great Invention of China，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时，故答案为Originally, the 24 Solar Terms were worked out mainly for farming. People began to sow in February’s Awakening of Insects, and transplants rice seedlings in May’s Grain in Ear. Even till this day, the 24 Solar Terms is knowledge system and social practice through which the Chinese organize their perception of astronomical laws and their relation with natural world. In international meteorology, this cognitive system of time has been given the title of the Fifth Great Invention of China. 12．what 13．which 14．was added 15．formed 16．extremely 17．to help 18．natural 19．growth 20．out 21．farming 【导语】这是一篇说明文。二十四节气是中国文化的重要组成部分，文章对其进行了介绍。 12．考查名词性从句。句意：给他们一个中国农历，他们就会知道几天甚至几个月后的天气情况。在宾语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 13．考查定语从句。句意：他们遵循二十四节气，这是中国文化的重要组成部分。在非限制性定语从句缺少主语，且先行词为the 24 Solar Terms，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 14．考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：2016年11月30日，它被联合国列入《人类非物质文化遗产名录》。根据“on Nov 30th, 2016”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词add意为“添加”，和主语构成被动关系。主语it为第三人称单数。故填was added。 15．考查过去分词。句意：它是人们通过观察太阳的年度运动及其对气候的影响而形成的一种知识体系和社会实践。动词form意为“形成”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语a knowledge system and social practice构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填formed。 16．考查副词。句意：当时，大多数中国人以农业为生，所以天气变化非常重要。修饰形容词important应用副词extremely表示“非常”作状语。故填extremely。 17．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，他们没有卫星、互联网或天气广播来帮助他们。根据“they had no satellites, Internet or weather broadcast”可知，此处应用to do不定式作后置定语。动词help意为“帮助”。故填to help。 18．考查形容词。句意：他们还关注了其他自然变化，如温度、水和作物生长。此处修饰名词changes应用形容词natural表示“自然的”作定语。故填natural。 19．考查名词。句意：他们还关注了其他自然变化，如温度、水和作物生长。此处作宾语应用名词growth表示“生长”。故填growth。 20．考查介词。句意：最后，他们制定了24节气来标记这些变化。根据“the 24 Solar Terms to mark the changes”可知，此处是指制定了24节气。work out意为“制定”，所以此处应用副词out。故填out。 21．考查动名词。句意：农民们把它当作天气变暖的信号，开始忙着种地。get busy (in) doing意为“忙于做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用动名词作宾语。动词farm意为“种地”。故填farming。 22．its 23．including 24．activities 25．appeared 26．the 27．actually 28．are 29．and 30．has been adopted 31．were added 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了中国农历中的24节气是中国农业历法中重要的一部分，起源于中国古代黄河流域。24节气已经为世界其他地区人们所知，并于2016年被列入“联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产”名录。 22．考查代词。句意：“二十四节气”是中国历法的重要组成部分，它起源于古老的黄河流域。分析句子，设空处使用代词it的形容词物主代词修饰名词origin。故填its。 23．考查介词。句意：中国农历包括“二十四节气”，为农业活动提供了详细的指导方针和时间表。名词24 solar terms前用介词形式。表示“包括”，用介词including。故填including。 24．考查名词的数。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，activity意为“活动”，此处表示“各种活动”，复数意义，所以用复数形式。故填activities。 25．考查时态。句意：一套完整的“二十四节气”最早出现在汉初的古书《淮南子》中。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据in early Han Dynasty可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填appeared。 26．考查冠词。句意：这24个节气很快就被纳入了中国历史上第一个有完整记载的历法——《太初历》。分析句子，句中history为名词，设空处使用冠词，此处表示特指。故填the。 27．考查副词。句意：中国农历实际上是阴历和阳历系统的结合。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，actually意为“实际地”，符合句意。故填actually。 28．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一年的“恒星岁”有365.2422天，而12个月的农历岁只有354天。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实，主语为365. 2422 days是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。 29．考查连词。句意：为了使阴历和阳历一致，需要每2到3年增加一个闰月。句中both…and…为固定短语，意为“两者都”。故填and。 30．考查动词。句意：自汉朝早期以来，没有主要节气的农历月份被采用为闰月。分析句子，句中since+过去的时间为现在完成时时间标志，同时句子的主语a lunar month，单数，与adopt之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been adopted。 31．考查时态和语态。句意：随着文化交流的深入，“二十四节气”被世界各地的人们所熟知，并于2016年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界非物质文化遗产”名录。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in 2016表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时，同时24 solar terms与add之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were added。 32．and 33．developed 34．importance 35．to celebrate 36．in 37．essential 38．their 39．which 40．be boiled 41．eating 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国二十四节气中的冬至以及其相关的信息。 32．考查连词。句意：冬至大约在12月22日，是中国的传统节日之一，也是24节气之一。one of the traditional Chinese festivals和also one of the 24 solar terms是并列关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。 33．考查时态。句意：冬至节日起源于汉代(公元前202年-公元220年)，在唐宋时期(618-1279年)发展得很好。所填词作谓语，根据时间状语 in the Tang and Song dynasties判断，用一般过去时。故填developed。 34．考查名词。句意：旧时代的人们非常重视这个节日。根据形容词great判断，所填词用名词，在句中作宾语。故填importance。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：官员们组织仪式来庆祝这一天，人们用美味的食物互相拜访。所填词作目的状语，用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。 36．考查介词。句意：这一天的传统和习俗在中国不同地区各不相同。vary in sth.为固定搭配，意为“在某方面不同”。故填in。 37．考查形容词。句意：饺子是中国北方人必不可少的食物。所填词作定语，修饰food，用形容词。故填essential。 38．考查代词。句意：通过吃饺子，人们认为他们可以避免耳朵被冻住，因为饺子看起来像人的耳朵。所填词作定语，修饰名词ears，用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 39．考查定语从句。句意：汤圆是一种有不同馅料的糯米团，在中国南方很受欢迎。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，指代tang yuan，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 40．考查语态。句意：它可以煮也可以炸。it指代tang yuan，与 boil之间为被动关系，且情态动词后接动词原形。故填be boiled。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为吃了它，他们就会老一岁。所填词放在介词after后面，且后面有宾语it，所以用动名词。故填eating。 42．Dear Peter, I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about the 24 solar terms, as I know you are very interested in traditional Chinese culture. The lecture will be held in the school hall from 8:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on March 24th. The lecturer will first introduce the meaning of the 24 solar terms and then explain their origin. Afterwards, there will be a free discussion where students will be free to ask some questions. Hope that you can come. Looking forward to your earliest reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Peter写封邮件邀请他参加你校将于下周五举办一场有关二十四节气(the 24 solar terms)的英文知识讲座。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.讲座的信息：时间、地点和内容等；3.期待回复。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 参加：attend→join in 对……感兴趣：be interested in→have an interest in 举行、组织：hold→organize 解释：explain→illustrate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The lecture will be held in the school hall from 8:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on March 24th. 拓展句：The lecture will be held in the school hall, which will start from 8:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on March 24th. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about the 24 solar terms, as I know you are very interested in traditional Chinese culture. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】Afterwards, there will be a free discussion where students will be free to ask some questions. (运用了where引导的限制性定语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$