小升初英语课程第5讲 介词（讲义）-2023-2024学年译林版（三起）英语六年级下册

小升初英语课程第五讲 ——介词+完形填空（5）+首字母(5) 1、 【考点解读】 介词考点如下：a. 表示时间b. 表示地点c. 表示方式d. 表示所属关系e. 介词与动词的固定搭配。试题多以选择题出现，此考点属于记忆识记型，平时加强积累和背诵即可。 2、 【知识讲解】 知识点1——介词的概念 用在名词、代词、或动名词之前表示关系的词。 知识点2——介词的分类 简单介词：at, in, by, to, on, for, with 等 合成介词：without, upon, outside 等 短语介词：in front of 等 知识点3——表示时间的介词 1)at, in, on 都有“在…时间”的意思。其用法区别如下：at 表示时间“一个具体的点”，或用在固定词组中。at 10 o’clock at noon at night at Christmas。on 表示某日或某日的一部分 on Friday on Monday morning on a cold morning on New Year’s Eve。in 表示一段时间或季节、月份、年份、上下午或晚上。 in July in spring in 2009 in the afternoon 2)during, for , from…to…这三个介词都表示在某段时间内 during the summer holidays She has been in the army for two years. The shop opens from 8a.m. to 8p.m. every day. 3)after：在…之后 in：在一段时间之后或一段时间以内，可指现在、过去或将来。 I will come back before lunch. After class they often play football. I finished the task in two hours. He will be back in two days. 4)for, since 用于完成时，for 后接一段时间，since 后接具体时间 I have learned English for 10 years. I have learned English since I was five. 5)by, till/until by 表示到某一时间为止，多用完成时 till/ until 表示某动作或状态延续到某一时间为止。 We have built three bridges by the end of the month. The supermarket is still open until 9. 知识点4——表示地点和方位的介词 1)on, over, above on 有接触面 We can see some books on the desk. over 不接触，垂直 There is a stone bridge over the river. above 不接触，不垂直 There is a light above the table. 2)under, below under 不接触，但垂直 Their room is under ours. below 不接触，不垂直 There is a street below my windows. 3)at, by, beside, next to, near at, by, beside 均表示“在…旁边” sit down at the table; sit down by/ beside my mother next to 表示“紧靠…的旁边” We live next to them. near 表示“在…附近”My home is near my school. 4)in, at in 用于国家、城市等较大范围的地点 in China in Beijing at 用于建筑物、机场、车站等较小范围的地点 at the airport at the station at the dentist’s 5)between, among between 表示“两者之间”He stood between his two brothers. among 表示“三者之间” He sat among his toys. 6)in, to, on in 表示 A 地在 B 地范围之内 Taiwan is in the southeast of China. to 表示 A 地在 B 地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔 Japan is to the east of China. on 表示 A 地与 B 地接壤、毗邻 North Korea is on the east of China. 7)in front of, in the front of, behind in front of 在前面 I sit in front of Tom. in the front of 在前部 I sit in the front of classroom. 8)across, over, through 表示通过，可以是接触也可不接触 They swam across/ over the river. 横越、横跨 They walked through the forest. 通过三维空间 通过有高度的东西，或者表示压过、碾过之意，只能用 over。 The car ran over a dog and killed it. jump over the wall 三、【典例探究】 【例题1】： Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C.in; in D. in; on 解析：考察介词的固定搭配，在圣诞节at Christmas,on one’s birthday。故选B。 【例题2】： A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since 解析：考察时间介词的用法，年份月份用in，故选A。 四、【课堂运用】 【基础】 【练习1】 Tim suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during 【练习2】 Don’t read ____ the sun. It’s bad ___ your eyes. A. in; to B. in; for C. with; to D. in; on 【巩固】 【练习1】 The man stood____the window, watching the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to 【练习2】 Nanjing Road is always crowed _______ people. A. of B. with C. by D. in 【拔高】 【练习1】 We usually eat some moon cakes _______ Mid-autumn Day. A. in B. on C. to D. at 【练习2】 Don’t watch TV. It’s time _______. A. to bed B. go to bed C. for bed D. going to bed 5、 【课后巩固】 【习题1】 My Mother often helps me ______ My English. A. At B. for C. with D. in 【习题2】 Are you interested _____ sports? Yes, I am. A. at B. of C. for D. in 【习题3】 The woman____ a blue dress is my teacher. in B. on C. of D. at 6、 【完形填空】 It was very cold that day. It was __1__ heavily and the ground was covered with __2__ snow. The shepherd thought it was dangerous to __3__ the hill and it was difficult for the sheep to find some __4__ there. So he decided to stay in the __5__ room. He put some hay(干草) in a pen(围栏) __6__ the sheep could eat it when they were __7__. The dog, who felt cold outside, lay on the __8__ hay and soon went to sleep. 　　At noon the sheep wanted to eat the hay. They were __9__ afraid of the dog and __10__ could get close to it. At last the __11__ sheep came to the hay. Before he started to eat, the dog heard it and opened his eyes. He barked(吠) loudly to __12__ him. The sheep ran away __13__. Looking at the unnatural(不近人情的) dog, the sheep began to talk __14__. 　　“What a selfish(自私的) dog!” said one of the sheep. “He cannot eat the hay, and yet refuses to __15__ those who can to eat!” 　　1. A. raining B. snowing C. blowing D. shining 　　2. A. thick B. thin C. beautiful D. big 　　3. A. play on B. live on C. climb up D. go to 　　4. A. cake B. grass C. fruit D. vegetables 　　5. A. cold B. cool C. hot D. warm 　　6. A. in order to B. so as to C. so that D. in order 　　7. A. hungry B. sick C. full D. free 　　8. A. hard B. soft C. thin D. wet 　　9. A. both B. either C. all D. neither 　　10. A. none B. neither C. any D. some 　　11. A. smallest B. youngest C. weakest D. strongest 　　12. A. meet B. greet C. warn D. receive 　　13. A. easily B. happily C. sadly D. quickly 　　14. A. angrily B. happily C. quietly D. politely 　　15. A. let B. ask C. forget D. allow 7、 【首字母】    Look at this blue planet. This is our home. 1.T_________ are plains, mountains, rivers, lakes and oceans on our planet. There are all 2.k________ of tree, flowers and grass on our planet. There are all kinds of wild 3.a________ living together with us. Don’t you want to 4.k________ our planet beautiful? But sometimes we do bad things to it. We 5.w_______ too much water. We cut down too many 6.t________. We hunt too 7.m_______ wild animals for our 8.f_____ or clothes… we shouldn’t do these things. We should 9.s_____ our planet, 10.b________ we have only one planet. Keys： 1.There 2. kinds  3. animals  4.keep  5.waste  6.trees  7. many 8.food  9.save  10.because 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$