2024年中考英语语法系列 课件 从句

英语语法系列 –从句 1 课前热身:脑筋急转弯 (不要局限于字面意思) What room has no walls, no doors, no windows, and no floors? What is smaller than an insect's mouth? What person tried to make you smile most of the time? What surprising things happen every 24 hours? What two words have thousands of letters in them? 连词 连词 并列连词 并列连词 并列连词短语 and or but so not only…but also… either…or… neither…nor not only…but also 从属连词 名词性从句连词 What, when, why, where, which, who, whom… 定语从句连词 Where, when, why, that, which, whose, who, whom… 状语从句连词 When, because, since, if, unless, until, so that, although, where, why… What you said touched me deeply. Mr. Liu, our head teacher, is tall and handsome. The news that we won the game made us excited. Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin? Another thing is that it is impolite to say you are full. 主语从句 同位语 同位语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 She has a teenage granddaughter about my age who is really kind. I worked even harder than I used to. If you go to another country, what kinds of things would you buy? Even though most of the toys were American brands, they were made in China. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. He needs to spend more time on his homework because it is difficult to become a professional sports star. Wells made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story. You must try to cut the paper as I do. You must speak louder so that /in order that everyone can hear you. Where there is a will, there is a way. 定语从句 比较状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 时间状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 方式状语从句 目的状语从句 地点状语从句 一、定语从句连词用法 定语从句,一个句子跟在一名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。通俗来讲,从句在整个句子中做定语,这个从句就叫做定语从句。 被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后. She is a tall girl. The girl who is talking to Mary is her sister. 关系代词 who(主语,人),whom(人,宾语), whose(人或物,..的), which(物,主,宾), that(人和物,主,宾). 关系副词where, when, why. 定语从句解题方式: 定语从句先行词的选择,主要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。选用关系代词的方法我们可以总结为“三步法”:一“找”,二“还”,三“替换”。 1找:就是先把句子分为主句和从句两部分,再找出先行词和关系词。 2还:根据先行词提示的意思,大胆的把定语从句还原为完整的一句话。(可以添词) 3替换:用关系词替换定语从句中还原后添加的部分,作主语和宾语或者定语的用关系代词,(若补充还原句子后发现从句所缺部分表达的是所属关系则用whose)作状语用关系副词。(时间状语用when, 地点状语用where, 原因状语用why)。 1)I’d like to congratulate all the students _ are here. 2)She lives in a house in the UK _ she built herself out of rubbish. 3)She opened a small shop _ she sells her bags. 4)The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. that. B. who. C. where. D. when. 5))In 1963, the UN set up The World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. whose B. which C. who D. whom 对比: I’ll never forget the day _ I first met you. I’ll never forget the day on _ I first met you. This is the school _ I work. this is the house _ I live in. 连接时间状语从句 I was cleaning the floor _(当…的时候) she knocked at the door. Dick climbed up into a tree _(一…就) he saw the bear. I knew nothing about it _(直到…才) my friend told me yesterday. I haven’t heard from Bill _(自从) we graduated from middle school. when as soon as until since * 时间状语从句的时态,遵循“主将从现”的原则,但是当since翻译成“自从”,主句时态为现在完成时,从句时态为一般过去时。 二、状语从句连词用法 三者均可译为“在……时候”。 when引导的从句,动词既可以是延续性的,也可以是终止性的。 When the teacher came in, the students were reading books. When the teacher was writing, the students began to talk. while引导的从句中,动词只能是延续性的. While she was walking in the street, she met her friend. 若主从句动作同时发生,且强调“一边一边”这样的意思,一般用 as。 She sang as she walked. 注意: while 可以表示对比关系“然而”。 He is short while his brother is tall. when,while,as Mr. White was taking a shower _ the UFO landed on the street. A. where B. while C. when D. whether C While Mr. White was taking a shower,the UFO landed on the street. 考点一 “when” 和 “while” when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词,也为可持续动词;但while只能是可持续动词。 考点二 My father _ back until we had supper. 他们沿着那条河走,直到走到一座小桥。 They _ along the river till they came to a bridge. not…until直到……才 …till 直到……为止 翻译:他直到3岁才会讲话。 didn’t come He _ until he was 3. 我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。 couldn’t speak walked 1) so…that中的so是个副词,其后只能跟形容词或副词而such...that中的such是个形容词,后接名词或名词短语。例如: I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther. It was such a warm day that he went swimming. It was so warm a day that he went swimming. 2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时,用so,不用such。例如: He has so little education that he is unable to get a job. so…that, such...that 连接结果状语从句: 连接条件状语从句: 1、You’ll be late _(如果) you don’t get up early tomorrow. 2、We’ll have a picnic tomorrow if it _ (不下雨)tomorrow. 注意对比: I wonder if it _ tomorrow. (我不知道明天是否会下雨) * 注意条件状语从句的时态:“主将从现”。 if doesn’t rain will rain 连 词 练 习 连接原因、结果状语从句 You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry. A. so that B. because C. before 2. He was hurt _ badly _ he had to see a doctor. A. too…to B. so… that C. so that 3.He took off his coat _ it was too hot in the room. A. And B. since C. but 4. Solo missed the bus _ he was late for school. A. because B. so C. or 连接让步状语从句 Tom is still doing his homework _ it is very late. A. so that B. even though C. if 2. I never seem to put on any weight,_ hard I try. A. though B. no matter how 3. I enjoy learning English, _ it takes me a lot of time. A. unless B. although C. because 4. I will never give up learning English _ (即使) it is difficult. even though 三、名词性从句连词用法 连接代词what, who, whom, which, whose, 连接副词when, where, why, how, 连接词that, weather, if Funny Husband (H) & Wife (W) about Shopping 情境对话 : H:"What are we going to do, my dear?” W: “Go shopping.” H:“We can do nothing _shopping.” W:“In fact, _ you _ I like shopping.” H: “Why must you do the things _ you don’t like?” W: “_ my skirts are out of style.” W:(In the clothing shop.)…I don’t know_ they fit(适合) me. ” H: “I don’t know _ you really like. Just go inside and try them on.” H:(对seller笑笑) “Can you talk to me for a few minutes?” S:Why? H:Because _ my wife sees (that) I am talking to other ladies, she will be angry at once and leave. S: “Then why do you let her go?” H: “I want her to leave _ I won’t pay for them.” 根据对话内容,填入适当连词。 except/but neither nor that Because if what/ which if/when/ as soon as and/ so that 课前热身:脑筋急转弯 (不要局限于字面意思) 1. What room has no walls, no doors, no windows, and no floors? 2. What is smaller than an insect's mouth? 3. What person tried to make you smile most of the time? 4. What surprising things happen every 24 hours? 5. What two words have thousands of letters in them? A mushroom.(蘑菇) Anything it eats. A photographer. Day breaks, but doesn't fall; night falls, but doesn't break. Post office. He took the MP3 player with him _ he could enjoy music during the trip. A. because B. so that C. when B 考点三 他起早是为了赶上早班车。(表目的) ①He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. ②He got up early so that he caught the early bus. 他起早,结果赶上了早班车。(表结果) He got up so early that he caught the early bus. so…that so that:①为了; ② 所以,结果 如此……以致 1. I’ll tell your father the truth as soon as he _ here. A. arrives B. arrived C. arrives at 2. We don’t know if he _ us for the picnic. I’ll call you if he _. A. joins; comes B. will join; comes C. will join; will come 3. Nobody knows when the windows _. But I’ll tell you when I _ the answer. A. breaks; find out B. broken; will find out C. were broken; find out 连 词 用 法 练 习 4. You won’t understand until you _ him. A. meet B. meeting C. will meet 5. You will fail in English _ you work hard. A. because B. unless C. if 6. Just because we are young, _ we should work even harder. A. so B. / C. but 7. It has been seven years since he _ here. A. left B. leaves C. leave 连 词 用 法 练 习 8. The little boy _ when I came in. A. falls down B. fell down C. was fell down 9. We were reading when the teacher _ in. A. came B. comes C. is coming 10. He became a doctor when he _the university. A. graduated from B. graduate from C. graduated for 11. Tom works in a hospital _ Mary works in a company. A. because B. until C. while 12. While his mother was washing, he _ his homework. A. do B. did C. was doing 13. The little boy fell alseep while he _ the music. A. was listen B. was listening to C. listened to 表示对比,“然而,而” while表示“当…的时候”。 两个动词同时发生。必须使用延续性动词。 14. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train. A. and B. so C. however D. or 15. The mountain was _ steep(陡峭的)_ few people in our city reached the top. A. so…as B. so…that C. as…as D. too…to 连 词 用 法 练 习 $$