Unit4 Natural disasters 知识点清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

B1U4知识点 provide 提供所需物，生活必需品。 1.provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.  offer 提供帮助、服务或向往之物。 常接动词不定式作宾语，或双宾语。 2.offer sth. to sb. supply 供给所需或所要求之物，范围更广。 3.supply sb. with sth. / supply sth. to/for sb. 4.survive on 依靠……生存下来 eg: I can’t survive on $40 a week. 5.survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来 eg:The man was the only _survivor_ who survived the earthquake. 6.rescue sb.  (from sth.)救某人 eg:The firemen _rescued_ three women _ from_ the burning house yesterday. 7.come to the / sb.’s rescue 进行援救 eg:We came to the / his rescue and pulled him out of the river. harm多指损害身体或精神，引起严重的痛苦及损伤； injury身体、精神、权利、价值、名声等方面受到伤害； ruin强调毁灭和不可修复； damage强调部分功能缺失。 affection n. 影响；感情；喜爱 effect n. 结果；作用；影响 8.be affected with 被……所苦，被……所烦扰 eg: Affected with high fever, he continued with his work. 9.be deeply affected by被...深深打动 eg: I was deeply affected by his kindness. 10.have an effect on 对……有影响(have a great effect on对...由大的影响，have a bad effect on对...有坏的影响) eg:What parents say and do has a great effect on children. 11. have no effect on...对...没有影响 eg:The medicine has no effect on flu. 12. have a side effect on...对...有副作用 eg: This medicine will have side effects on your liver. 13. shelter...from...保护...免受... eg:Parents want to shelter their kids from any kind of harm. 14. shelter from躲避 eg:We sheltered from the rain in a doorway门廊. 15. set up: 创建;建立；安装，组建 eg:She set up her computer in her bedroom so that she could work at home. 16.put up 提升；搭建；提出意见 pick up举起；搭载；好转；学会；捡起 build up创建，开发；增强…的体质 make up化妆；编造；组成 bring up抚养，养育 turn up露面；调高(音量、热量等) 17.calm oneself (down) 使自己平静下来 eg:She took a deep breath to calm herself (down). 18.calm (sb) down 平静，镇静，安静 eg: Calm down, man. What’s the trouble? 19.stay/keep/remain calm 保持镇静 eg:Although his bike was broken, he tried to keep calm about it. 20. It seems as if/as though... 似乎是…… as if/as though引导表语从句, 从句是真实情况用陈述语气，是非真实情况用虚拟语气。 eg: You look as if you are tired.(真实) 现在：as if+主语+v-ed(be 不论人称和单复数都用were) 过去：as if+主语+had done 将来：as if+主语+would/could/might+V原形 eg:He talks as if he knew everything. (现在) She looks as if she were ten years younger. (现在) After the accident, he behaved as if nothing had happened. (过去) He opens his mouth as if he would say something. (将来) 21.There seems to be... 好像有…… eg:There seems to be something wrong with the engine.引擎似乎有些问题。 22.come to an end 完结,结束 Eg: Everyone wishes the war would come to an end soon. 23.at the end of 在……末尾     bring/put sth. to an end 使……结束     by the end of 到……末        in the end 最后             on end 连续地 Eg:There has been no rain for weeks _on end. injured adj. 受伤的 injury n. 伤; 伤口; 伤害 24.be/get injured 受伤 the injured 伤员 25.do sb. an injury / do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 26.some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of 以及“分数/百分数 + of+名词”做主语时，谓语动词单复数由of后面的名词或代词的单复数决定。 Eg: A lot of parcels (包裹) are transported to all over China during the “Double-11” festival every year. A lot of money has been wasted for no reason. More than two-thirds of the students have seen the film already. 27.in shock 震惊；吃惊 28.be trapped in 被困在……中；陷入……中 29.trap sb. into doing sth. 陷害/诱骗某人做某事 30.set a trap to do sth. 设圈套做某事 31.walk into a trap 落入圈套 32.bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 33.dig down挖倒 dig into钻研 dig out挖掘出；找出 34.hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气 35. take a deep breath 深呼吸 36.lose one’s breath 喘不过气来 37.out of breath 气喘吁吁 38.catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸 39.make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth. 尽一切努力做某事 40. spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做...; 尽力做... 41. with (an) effort 努力地 without effort 毫不费力地 42. try/do one’s best to do sth.= do all that sb. can to do sth.= do what sb. can to do sth.尽一切做某事 43. suffer from 受……折磨；患……病 44. sweep away消灭；彻底消除 45. in length 在长度上 Eg: The river in my hometown is 300 meters in length. 46. at length 长时间；最后；详尽地 Eg: At length the bus arrived, forty minutes late. 47. at arm’s length 在伸手可及处；保持一定距离地 Eg: Sometimes we should hold people at arm’s length. 48. a rescue worker营救人员 49. come to one’s rescue营救某人 Eg: All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help. 50. rescue sb/sth from...把...从...解救出来 Eg: He was rescued from the burning building in the end. 51. be badly damaged严重受损 Eg: He had an accident and the bike was badly damaged. 52. do/cause damage to给...带来/造成损伤 Eg: The accident caused some damage to my car, but it’s nothing serious. 53. brain/liver damage脑损伤/肝损伤 Eg: He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage. death n.死,死亡（可数），死亡状态（不可数） die-died-died-dying The dead死者，做主语谓语动词用复数， dying adj.临死的，垂死的 deadly adj.致命的adv.极其，死一般地 54. burst into tears=burst out crying突然大哭 55. in ruins成为废墟，破败不堪 56. Fall/come into ruins成为废墟 57. Bury...in...把...埋到...里 Eg: He was buried in Highgate Cemetery海格特公墓. 58. bury oneself in=be buried in埋头于，专心于 59. Bury one’s face into one’s hands双手掩面 Eg: Hearing the bad news, she buried her face into her hands and cried. 60. A power failure停电 power line电线 power plant发电厂 nuclear power核能 come to power当权，上台 be in power执政 61. come to one’s aid帮助某人 in aid of为了帮助 with the aid of sth.在...的帮助下 give first aid进行急救 aid sb. to do sth= aid sb in doing sth= aid sb with sth.帮助某人做某事 62. crash into撞上 a plane crash空难 63. lose one’s balance失去平衡 64. wave to/at sb向某人挥手 65. Wave sb goodbye=wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手告别 66. strike sb. on+身体坚硬部位 strike sb. in+身体软的，空的部位 eg: A snowball struck him on the back of the head. eg: She struck him in the face. 67. deliver a speech发表演讲 deliver sth to sb.把某物交给某人 68. disaster relief work救灾工作 the flood-hit area洪灾区 69. in times of在...时期/时候 thank-you letter感谢信 70. a list of safety instructions一份安全说明清单 71. stay away from远离 72. call an emergency number拨打紧急电话 an emergency kit 急救箱 73. emergency supplies应急物资 cover your face with...用...捂住你的脸 74. in danger from处于...的危险中 a forest fire森林大火 75. catch the attention of sb=catch one’s attention吸引某人的注意力 76. tectonic plates地壳板块 a tsunami breaks海啸爆发 77. push together碰在一起 pull together齐心协力 78. pull apart分开，瓦解，拆散 79. Live to tell: Raising Awareness, Reducing Mortality.用生命去讲述：提高意识，降低死亡率。 80. The night the earth didn’t sleep.地球的不眠之夜。 81. The water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.村子里水井里的水起起落落，起起落落。 82. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.似乎世界末日到了。 83. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.坚硬的石头山变成了泥石流。 84. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.砖块就像秋天的落叶覆盖地面。 85. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.慢慢地，这座城市开始再次呼吸。 86. I will work selflessly and live up to the expectations of the people.我将无我，不负人民。 87. People and their lives first.人民至上，生命至上。 88. He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最甜。 89. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.从不犯错的人一事无成。 90. All is well that ends well.结果好就一切都好。 91. He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。 100.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$