高考英语复习宾语从句 导学案-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

宾语从句 一．在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句 如：He said that he wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里。 二．连接词：从属连词that whether、if，关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why ①that 引导的宾语从句，that 可省略，无意义，不作成分。 如：I believe (that) she will succeed.我相信她会成功 ②whether /if引导的宾语从句，whether /if不作成分，含“是否”之意，不可省略。 如：Nobody knows whether /if she likes this present.没人知道她喜不喜欢这份礼物。 注：只用whether不用if的情况： （1）介词+ whether：It depends on whether it will rain next week. （2）whether ... or not ...：I want to know whether it’s harmful or not. （3）whether to do：I can’t decide whether to pick. ③关系代词what, who, whose, which 引导的宾语从句 如：I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。 ④关系副词when、where、how、why引导的宾语从句 如：Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。 随堂练习：根据句意用that,if或whether完成句子。 1. Helen doesn't know _ __ to stay here or not. 2.-What did the shopkeeper say to you?--She asked me I preferred that T-shirt. 3.-I am looking forward to watching the show.-Me,too.I believe it'll be fantastic. 4.Before you throw away something,always think about it can be reused or not. 5.I hope  our school trip will be great. 6.I'm worrying about I'll be late for class. 三．用宾语从句的三种情况：动宾、形宾、介宾 ①谓语动词后接宾从：I have found (动词) that she did well in school (宾从).     ②介词后接宾从：It depends on (介词) whether it’ll rain today (宾从). ③形容词后接宾从：I’m glad (形容词) that you came (宾从). （这些形容词一般是sure \certain \pleased \happy \afraid \surprised \sorry \willing等表示情感的形容词） 四．that引导宾语从句的省略 （1）主句谓语动词是agree, argue, hold, learn,, observe, state, suggest等时，其后宾语从句的引导词that一般不可省略；主句谓语动词是hear, know, say, see, consider, understand等时，其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略，也可以不省略；主句谓语动词是think, suppose, believe, dare say等时，其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略。 如：He suggested that we should set off at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.他建议我们明天早晨8点走。(that不可省略) I think (that) this is very important.我认为这很重要。(that可省略) （2）当一个句子很复杂，句中有多个状语时，that不可省略；或者一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时，特别第一个宾语从句特别长，后面的宾语从句的that不可省略；谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时，that不可省去。 He said you needn't worry and that he would help you .他说你没有必要着急，他会帮助你的。（said之后可省去that，但第二个that不可省去） 五．宾语从句不能省略that的情况： ①有两个或两个以上的由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可以省去，后面的都不可以省。 如：She said (that) she liked the actress so much and that she wanted to take a photo with her.她说她很喜欢这个女演员，想跟她合影。 ②that从句中又有其他从句，且该从句位于主句之前时。 如：Aunt Liu understands that unless she arrives at the station on time, she’ll have to book another ticket. 刘阿姨明白，除非她按时到达车站，否则她就得再订一张票。 ③ it 作形式宾语时，that 不可省略。 如：I think it necessary that he should apologize to you.我认为他有必要向你道歉。 ④当宾语从句的主语是that，this 或者被 that，this 修饰时。 如：I want to tell you that this kind of disease is very common.我想告诉你，这种疾病很常见。 ⑤ 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。 如：I want to tell you (间接宾语) that this problem is very common (直接宾语)我想告诉你，这种疾病很常见。 六．否定转移 ①如果主句的谓语动词是“think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等，主语是第一人称的一般现在时态，其后的宾语从句如含有否定意义，一定要把否定词一道主句谓语上，从句谓语动词用肯定形式。 如：I don’t think he can do it better than me.我想他不会比我干得好。 I don’t believe he treated the child like that.我相信他不会那样对待孩子的。 ②如果think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等前有副词或表示强调的do, does, did；或者同其它词构成并列谓语；或者不以现在时出现；或者用作插入语中。这时候不用否定转移。 如：I really expect she didn’t say that to him.我确实希望她不和他说那件事。 I think and hope that he won’t be deceived by the man.我认为也希望他不会被那个人欺骗。 七．时态的呼应与语序，在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则： （1）如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态。 如：Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night？你知道他昨晚和谁一起说话吗？ （2）如果主句谓语是一般过去时，宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态。 如： He said he would come to see us the next day.他说他明天将来看我们。 （3）如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句一律用一般现在时。 如：The teacher said the sun rises in the east．老师说太阳从东方升起。 随堂练习 1. I don't know ________ he will come or not. A. if  B. whether  C. that  D. what 2. She wonders ________ he is doing now. A. what  B. that  C. if  D. whether 3. Can you tell me ________ you like this book? A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 4. I think ________ he is a good student. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 5. He said ________ he had been to Shanghai before. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 6. I'm not sure ________ she will come to the party. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 7. The teacher asked me ________ I had finished my homework. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 8. We don't believe ________ he can pass the exam. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 9. It depends on ________ you can help me. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 10. I don't suppose ________ he will come on time. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 11. Please tell me ________ is wrong with the machine. A. what  B. that  C. if  D. whether 12. He doesn't know ________ to do next. A. what  B. that  C. if  D. whether 13. I don't think ________ she is right. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 14. The doctor asked me ________ I felt better. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 15. We want to know ________ the earth moves around the sun. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 16. She said ________ she would come back soon. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 17. I don't know ________ he will come tomorrow. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 18. They asked me ________ I had seen the film. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 19. Do you know ________ he is looking for? A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 20. The boy wonders ________ the moon goes around the earth. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 宾语从句 一．在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句 如：He said that he wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里。 二．连接词：从属连词that whether、if，关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why ①that 引导的宾语从句，that 可省略，无意义，不作成分。 如：I believe (that) she will succeed.我相信她会成功 ②whether /if引导的宾语从句，whether /if不作成分，含“是否”之意，不可省略。 如：Nobody knows whether /if she likes this present.没人知道她喜不喜欢这份礼物。 注：只用whether不用if的情况： （1）介词+ whether：It depends on whether it will rain next week. （2）whether ... or not ...：I want to know whether it’s harmful or not. （3）whether to do：I can’t decide whether to pick. ③关系代词what, who, whose, which 引导的宾语从句 如：I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。 ④关系副词when、where、how、why引导的宾语从句 如：Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。 随堂练习：根据句意用that,if或whether完成句子。 1. Helen doesn't know _whether__ to stay here or not. 2.-What did the shopkeeper say to you?--She asked me __if / whether_ I preferred that T-shirt. 3.-I am looking forward to watching the show.-Me,too.I believe _that__ it'll be fantastic. 4.Before you throw away something,always think about __whether__ it can be reused or not. 5.I hope _that__   our school trip will be great. 6.I'm worrying about _whether__ I'll be late for class. 三．用宾语从句的三种情况：动宾、形宾、介宾 ①谓语动词后接宾从：I have found (动词) that she did well in school (宾从).     ②介词后接宾从：It depends on (介词) whether it’ll rain today (宾从). ③形容词后接宾从：I’m glad (形容词) that you came (宾从). （这些形容词一般是sure \certain \pleased \happy \afraid \surprised \sorry \willing等表示情感的形容词） 四．that引导宾语从句的省略 （1）主句谓语动词是agree, argue, hold, learn,, observe, state, suggest等时，其后宾语从句的引导词that一般不可省略；主句谓语动词是hear, know, say, see, consider, understand等时，其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略，也可以不省略；主句谓语动词是think, suppose, believe, dare say等时，其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略。 如：He suggested that we should set off at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.他建议我们明天早晨8点走。(that不可省略) I think (that) this is very important.我认为这很重要。(that可省略) （2）当一个句子很复杂，句中有多个状语时，that不可省略；或者一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时，特别第一个宾语从句特别长，后面的宾语从句的that不可省略；谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时，that不可省去。 He said you needn't worry and that he would help you .他说你没有必要着急，他会帮助你的。（said之后可省去that，但第二个that不可省去） 五．宾语从句不能省略that的情况： ①有两个或两个以上的由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可以省去，后面的都不可以省。 如：She said (that) she liked the actress so much and that she wanted to take a photo with her.她说她很喜欢这个女演员，想跟她合影。 ②that从句中又有其他从句，且该从句位于主句之前时。 如：Aunt Liu understands that unless she arrives at the station on time, she’ll have to book another ticket. 刘阿姨明白，除非她按时到达车站，否则她就得再订一张票。 ③ it 作形式宾语时，that 不可省略。 如：I think it necessary that he should apologize to you.我认为他有必要向你道歉。 ④当宾语从句的主语是that，this 或者被 that，this 修饰时。 如：I want to tell you that this kind of disease is very common.我想告诉你，这种疾病很常见。 ⑤ 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。 如：I want to tell you (间接宾语) that this problem is very common (直接宾语)我想告诉你，这种疾病很常见。 六．否定转移 ①如果主句的谓语动词是“think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等，主语是第一人称的一般现在时态，其后的宾语从句如含有否定意义，一定要把否定词一道主句谓语上，从句谓语动词用肯定形式。 如：I don’t think he can do it better than me.我想他不会比我干得好。 I don’t believe he treated the child like that.我相信他不会那样对待孩子的。 ②如果think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等前有副词或表示强调的do, does, did；或者同其它词构成并列谓语；或者不以现在时出现；或者用作插入语中。这时候不用否定转移。 如：I really expect she didn’t say that to him.我确实希望她不和他说那件事。 I think and hope that he won’t be deceived by the man.我认为也希望他不会被那个人欺骗。 七．时态的呼应与语序，在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则： （1）如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态。 如：Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night？你知道他昨晚和谁一起说话吗？ （2）如果主句谓语是一般过去时，宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态。 如： He said he would come to see us the next day.他说他明天将来看我们。 （3）如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句一律用一般现在时。 如：The teacher said the sun rises in the east．老师说太阳从东方升起。 随堂练习 1. I don't know ________ he will come or not. A. if  B. whether  C. that  D. what 2. She wonders ________ he is doing now. A. what  B. that  C. if  D. whether 3. Can you tell me ________ you like this book? A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 4. I think ________ he is a good student. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 5. He said ________ he had been to Shanghai before. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 6. I'm not sure ________ she will come to the party. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 7. The teacher asked me ________ I had finished my homework. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 8. We don't believe ________ he can pass the exam. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 9. It depends on ________ you can help me. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 10. I don't suppose ________ he will come on time. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 11. Please tell me ________ is wrong with the machine. A. what  B. that  C. if  D. whether 12. He doesn't know ________ to do next. A. what  B. that  C. if  D. whether 13. I don't think ________ she is right. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 14. The doctor asked me ________ I felt better. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 15. We want to know ________ the earth moves around the sun. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 16. She said ________ she would come back soon. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 17. I don't know ________ he will come tomorrow. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 18. They asked me ________ I had seen the film. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 19. Do you know ________ he is looking for? A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what 20. The boy wonders ________ the moon goes around the earth. A. if  B. that  C. whether  D. what BACBB CCBCC AABCB BCCDC 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$