精品解析：江苏省平潮高级中学2023-2024学年高三11月阶段考英语试题

江苏省平潮高级中学高三英语阶段练习 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man probably have dinner? A. At 5:30 pm. B. At 6:00 pm. C. At 7:30 pm. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Take deep breaths. B. Write key words on cards. C. Try to memorize everything. 3. Who is Jane waiting for? A. The man. B. His parents. C. A repairman. 4. What does the man plan to replace? A. The chairs. B. The carpet. C. The bookshelf. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A host. B. A program. C. A child. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man think of the woman’s handwriting? A. It is elegant. B. It is messy. C. It is standard. 7. What is the woman writing? A. A scientific paper. B. A shopping list. C. A news report. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To wash some clothes. B. To buy some furniture. C. To look at an apartment. 9. What does the man want to buy? A. A fridge. B. A washing machine. C. An air conditioner. 10. What will the man do first? A. Sign the contract. B. Meet his wife. C. Make a phone call. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the community center. B. In the government office. C. Outside the woman’s house. 12. Why is the man raising money? A. To do some repairs. B. To help the injured. C. To organize an activity. 13. How much does the woman donate? A. $50. B. $80. C. $100. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What do we know about the patient? A He is overweight. B. He is awake now. C. He is still in danger. 15. How many COVID-19 patients are in treatment? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and nurse. B. Family members. C. Doctor and patient. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How will the listeners go to the Isle of Man from Heysham? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By ferry. 18. What will the listeners do on day 1? A. Do a little light shopping. B. Meet the tour manager. C. Have lunch in the hotel. 19 Where will the listeners go on day 2? A. The town of Peel. B. The mountain Snaefell. C. The village of Laxey. 20. When will the listeners tour around a small island? A. On day 3. B. On day 4. C. On day 5. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer by supporting a local animal rescue center in Costa Rica! If you like animals and are also interested in preserving the environment, you will be perfect for this program. You will be helping out in and supporting a local animal shelter. Not only does this shelter take in homeless animals, but also wild animals which are in bad condition. In addition to the caretaking of the animals, volunteers help us welcome visitors at the entrance and answer any questions that visitors may have about the shelter or its animals. As volunteers spend more days in the shelter, knowledge about wildlife management will grow. Requirements ＊You need to be at least 15 years old on the program start date at the high school level or above. ＊Speaking English is a basic requirement. ＊No restrictions on nationality. Helping hands both in Costa Rica and beyond are welcome. ＊Your helping hand will be required from 09:00 to 15:00 on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday. Program fees ＊Booking payments (15%): The booking payment is simply to reserve your volunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. You can also pay using a credit card. ＊Final payments (85%): Your final payment will be agreed with Volunteer Now Costa Rica during the application process. 1. What can a volunteer do in the rescue center? A. Communicate with visitors. B. Get trained to place animals. C. Give lectures about animals. D. Search for homeless animals. 2. Who can volunteer in the program? A. A French-speaking adult. B. A primary schoolchild. C. A college student from America. D. A local person free on Fridays. 3. How much should a volunteer pay at least to make a reservation? A. $52.5. B. $105. C. $297.5. D. $350. B I arrived home from work, my mind racing. I was scheduled to perform an experiment using a pricey piece of equipment, but I had spent the whole day worrying about the experiment which was on the top of my agenda (日程), and I amazingly longed to shut off my anxious thoughts. So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a page. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man-like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct (不同的) from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed. Growing up, I was virtually never a big fan of novels. My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book, while my copy sat collecting dust on a shelf. Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my academic fields for better grades. After I started graduate school, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal to me at all but I spent most of my time on campus digesting research papers and textbooks and my mind couldn’t handle processing fact-filled nonfiction books at home, too. So I knew that I needed to find a way to enjoy reading again. To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork. What surprised me the most was how much I learned. Some of the best books I read were historical fictional stories happening in a realistic historical setting. I learned about life in different countries, as well as struggles people there faced during difficult periods in their histories. The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul. 4. What did the author do to wipe out the anxiety? A. He drowned it in chocolate. B. He conducted an experiment. C. He slept on the sofa leisurely. D. He escaped into a fantasy world. 5. What was the author’s attitude towards reading in paragraph 2? A. Reading novels was not attractive to the author. B. Reading a good book was time well spent. C. He was too busy to take good care of his books. D. The Harry Potter book wasn’t as good as expected. 6. How did the New Year’s resolution benefit the author? A More sympathy went out to him. B. His moral values were strengthened. C. He learned much about religious diversity. D. He gained new insight into his academic fields. 7. What’s the best title of the text? A. Reading: A Lifelong Hobby B. The Power of Research Papers C. Novels: Love at Second Sight D. The Benefits of History Reading C Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike. Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. If a building is very large, it needs a lot of lightning rods. But some buildings-such as airports-are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods. Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. The idea of using lasers to guide lightning isn’1new. Scientists have been working on the idea for over 20 years. They’ve successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a laboratory. But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters). The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge. The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. In the past, experiments with lasers that fired more slowly didn’t work. Managing to guide the lightning in an outdoor environment is a very big step. But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings. 8. To stop a building from being stricken by lightning, it is best to . A. equip it with metal rods B. position it away from airports C. build it on low-lying open ground D. keep it away from any kind of metal 9. What enables the laser to guide the lightning? A. Its color. B. Its brightness. C. Its speed. D. Its concentration. 10. What will the paragraph following the text probably talk about A. How the laser should be improved to protect large buildings. B. When the laser will be widely used to protect large buildings. C. Why it is unnecessary to use the laser to protect large buildings. D. What prevents the laser from being used to protect large buildings. 11. What is the best title for the text A. Scientists Find a New Use of the Laser B. Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser C. A New Idea Has Been Tested to Guide Lightning D. A New Way to Protect Buildings Has Been Found D A group of researchers studying the behavior of Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, have found that they have different “personality” types that help them survive and raise their baby tigers. According to the previous investigation, Amur tigers are definitely the largest cats in the world. They live in vast forests in wildness areas of eastern Russia and in protected areas of northern China. There are about 400 of these tigers left in the wild, although there are probably hundreds more living in zoos or reserves. The researchers based the study on a human test called “The Big Five”, which scores people on five personality features. They asked feeders working with 248 cats in two shelters to spy on the tigers and give an account of their personalities. The results divided the tigers into two groups, which the researchers described as having either “majesty” or “steadiness”. Tigers in the majesty category were those that appeared “dignified (高贵的) and ambitious”. The tigers in the steadiness category were “sincere and tolerant”. Majestic tigers had a higher social status, spent more time hunting live animals, and mated and ate more. The steady tigers seemed gentler and loving toward one another. Rosalind Arden, co-author of the study, said, “It’s pleasant to see that you don’t have to be dominant, fierce, competitive, and aggressive in order to succeed as a tiger, which doesn’t correspond with people’s traditional insights into tigers.” There were female and male tigers in both categories. In fact, female Amur tigers are rare and feel exhausted after giving birth to baby tigers so that fathers often help raise the baby tigers. Having a steady personality, especially for male ones, could play a significant role in the relatively long amount of time — two to three years — that baby tigers stay with their parents. The researchers say both personalities have advantages that help the tigers survive threats, including loss of habitat and hunting. The team hopes the study will encourage more support from all walks of life in a bid to guarantee the tigers’ conservation. 12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A. To justify an argument. B. To add background information. C. To summarize the previous paragraph. D. To introduce a new topic for discussion. 13. The researchers conducted the study on Amur tigers by A. categorizing them for inspection B. scoring them on 5 personality features C. doing comparison experiments in the lab D. observing them through a personality test 14. What does Rosalind Arden think of their findings? A. They improve Amur tigers’ welfare. B. They change the tigers’ living conditions. C. They help the reproduction of Amur tigers. D. They contradict traditional ideas about tigers. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Few sex-related differences exist in tigers’ personalities. B. A steady personality decreases tigers’ chance of survival. C. Greater conservation efforts have been made due to the study. D. Personality types of baby tigers are influenced by their parents. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Cooking Meals at Home Benefits More Than Just Your Wallet When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive. ____16____ However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected. Here are four reasons to make cooking at home your option. · It’s cheaper. You could spend $100 at a fancy restaurant for one dinner, while the same amount of money could buy you groceries for a week. When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods. Here’s how: ____17____ · It may reduce your exposure to certain chemicals. The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to. ____18____ Common in takeout and fast-food packaging, those chemicals have been associated with many diseases. Food packaging can also contain other damaging compounds (化合物). ·You can better estimate calories. ____19____ That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home. On the contrary, you have complete control over the food materials when you cook in your own kitchen. Choosing fiber-packed vegetables and meat containing less fat will help keep your calories under control. So will the way you cook your food. Rather than frying, choose roasting. ·____20____ Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well. A. You can reduce added salt and sugar. B. Eating out can make calorie counting tricky. C. Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items. D. Salt and sugar are both essentials in cooking delicious foods. E. Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable. F. People are always too engaged in their work to cook at home personally. G. People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was his father’s dream to see one of his kids grow up to be a doctor. When he was in grade 12, his father told the youngest son that he wanted him to study biology and pass medical exams. His sister, who___21___in biology, had earlier tried for Medical Degrees but failed even though she was very___22___. In August, he asked his sister to teach him biology. The___23___started to give lessons but soon she realized that the guy was not___24___for it. She tried to tell the father that the son was not good at biology and that he should___25___his dream of making one of his kids a doctor. The father called the guy and in a___26___way, he told him to try up to his capacity. The guy___27___his father and gave it his best shot. The result was___28___in June the next year but he didn’t pass it in that___29___. Just 20 days later the family faced a serious____30____when the father died suddenly due to a heart attack. The guy was not even 18 and those were____31____hard times. He remembered his father’s dream and decided to work on that. For a(n)____32____guy, medicine isn’t a child’s play. With great____33____, he studied day and night to fulfill his father’s dream which became his own dream, too. He____34____for the medical exam again and this time, he made it. He finally____35____the top medical college in the state. 21. A. majored B. participated C. involved D. brought 22. A. brave B. sharp C. attentive D. considerate 23. A. director B. applier C. expert D. tutor 24 A. grateful B. concerned C. suitable D. responsible 25. A. put off B. account for C. give up D. carry on 26. A. gentle B. rude C. sorrowful D. honest 27. A. declined B. understood C. hated D. acknowledged 28. A. inspired B. judged C. declared D. discovered 29. A. attempt B. field C. schedule D. adventure 30. A. threat B. shock C. infection D. misunderstanding 31. A. mentally B. accidentally C. constantly D. extremely 32. A. average B. frustrated C. committed D. awesome 33. A. talent B. satisfaction C. enthusiasm D. pleasure 34. A. prepared B. sat C. ran D. answered 35. A. touched B. promoted C. finished D. entered 第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The project____36____(launch) as Beijing’s urban renewal entered a stage ____37____massive demolition (拆除) and reconstruction gave way to small-scale “regeneration” projects. “We hope to upgrade the public spaces of Beijing’s old city, increase residents’ participation in community governance____38____ contribute to the improvement of the city’s environment and culture,” Hou said. Along one section of Chongyong Street, a ____39____ (historic) significant street in central Beijing, Hou and her team have built ____40____microgardens consisting of more than 6,000 plants. In addition to plants, the gardens also have art installations ____41____ (feature) elements of Beijing’s local culture such as kites and tanghulu, ____42____traditional candied fruit snack. Hou’s team has set up gardening organizations in some residential communities ____43____ (teach) local residents how to garden. Hou said the project is an innovative way to revive the old hutongs with creative horticulture (园艺) and will contribute to the overall protection of Beijing’s old city, which has one of the world’s most remarkable____44____ (collect) of palaces, temples, squares, markets, streets, city walls and towers, built over the course of China’s last three imperial dynasties. This project reflects the increasing importance _____45_____ (attach) to cultural heritage protection in recent years. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你的外国朋友 Mike即将到你的家乡旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，向他推荐家乡的民俗文化馆(Folk Culture Museum)。邮件内容包括： 1. 阐明写信事由； 2. 介绍文化馆特色； 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mike, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that. Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace. “So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back?” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy. They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力：1—5 CBCBA 6—10 BACBC 11—15 CABAC 16—20 ACBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省平潮高级中学高三英语阶段练习 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man probably have dinner? A. At 5:30 pm. B. At 6:00 pm. C. At 7:30 pm. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Take deep breaths. B. Write key words on cards. C. Try to memorize everything. 3. Who is Jane waiting for? A. The man. B. His parents. C. A repairman. 4. What does the man plan to replace? A. The chairs. B. The carpet. C. The bookshelf. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A host. B. A program. C. A child. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man think of the woman’s handwriting? A. It is elegant. B. It is messy. C. It is standard. 7. What is the woman writing? A A scientific paper. B. A shopping list. C. A news report. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To wash some clothes. B. To buy some furniture. C. To look at an apartment. 9. What does the man want to buy? A. A fridge. B. A washing machine. C. An air conditioner. 10. What will the man do first? A. Sign the contract. B. Meet his wife. C. Make a phone call. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the community center. B. In the government office. C. Outside the woman’s house. 12. Why is the man raising money? A. To do some repairs. B. To help the injured. C. To organize an activity. 13. How much does the woman donate? A. $50. B. $80. C. $100. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What do we know about the patient? A. He is overweight. B. He is awake now. C. He is still in danger. 15. How many COVID-19 patients are in treatment? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and nurse. B. Family members. C. Doctor and patient. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How will the listeners go to the Isle of Man from Heysham? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By ferry. 18. What will the listeners do on day 1? A. Do a little light shopping. B Meet the tour manager. C. Have lunch in the hotel. 19. Where will the listeners go on day 2? A. The town of Peel. B. The mountain Snaefell. C. The village of Laxey. 20. When will the listeners tour around a small island? A. On day 3. B. On day 4. C. On day 5. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer by supporting a local animal rescue center in Costa Rica! If you like animals and are also interested in preserving the environment, you will be perfect for this program. You will be helping out in and supporting a local animal shelter. Not only does this shelter take in homeless animals, but also wild animals which are in bad condition. In addition to the caretaking of the animals, volunteers help us welcome visitors at the entrance and answer any questions that visitors may have about the shelter or its animals. As volunteers spend more days in the shelter, knowledge about wildlife management will grow. Requirements ＊You need to be at least 15 years old on the program start date at the high school level or above. ＊Speaking English is a basic requirement. ＊No restrictions on nationality. Helping hands both in Costa Rica and beyond are welcome. ＊Your helping hand will be required from 09:00 to 15:00 on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday. Program fees ＊Booking payments (15%): The booking payment is simply to reserve your volunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. You can also pay using a credit card. ＊Final payments (85%): Your final payment will be agreed with Volunteer Now Costa Rica during the application process. 1. What can a volunteer do in the rescue center? A. Communicate with visitors. B. Get trained to place animals. C. Give lectures about animals. D. Search for homeless animals. 2. Who can volunteer in the program? A. A French-speaking adult. B. A primary schoolchild. C. A college student from America. D. A local person free on Fridays. 3. How much should a volunteer pay at least to make a reservation? A. $52.5. B. $105. C. $297.5. D. $350. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了如何申请支持哥斯达黎加当地动物救援中心的志愿者。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In addition to the caretaking of the animals, volunteers help us welcome visitors at the entrance and answer any questions that visitors may have about the shelter or its animals.”（除了照顾动物外，志愿者还帮助我们在入口处欢迎游客，并回答游客可能对收容所或动物的任何问题）可知，志愿者在救援中心可以与参观者沟通。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Requirements中“＊You need to be at least 15 years old on the program start date at the high school level or above.＊Speaking English is a basic requirement. ＊No restrictions on nationality. Helping hands both in Costa Rica and beyond are welcome.＊Your helping hand will be required from 09:00 to 15:00 on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.”（*您需要在课程开始日期至少15岁，高中或以上水平。会说英语是基本要求。*国籍不限。欢迎来自哥斯达黎加和其他国家的援助之手。*星期一、二、三、四、六、日的09:00至15:00需要您的帮助）可知，一位来自美国的大学生可以自愿参加这个项目。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Program fees中“1week（minimum stay）$350”以及“Booking payments (15%)”（预订费用(15%)）可知，志愿者至少要付350×15%=52.5美元，才能预约。故选A项。 B I arrived home from work, my mind racing. I was scheduled to perform an experiment using a pricey piece of equipment, but I had spent the whole day worrying about the experiment which was on the top of my agenda (日程), and I amazingly longed to shut off my anxious thoughts. So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a page. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man-like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct (不同) from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed. Growing up, I was virtually never a big fan of novels. My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book, while my copy sat collecting dust on a shelf. Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my academic fields for better grades. After I started graduate school, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal to me at all but I spent most of my time on campus digesting research papers and textbooks and my mind couldn’t handle processing fact-filled nonfiction books at home, too. So I knew that I needed to find a way to enjoy reading again. To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork. What surprised me the most was how much I learned. Some of the best books I read were historical fictional stories happening in a realistic historical setting. I learned about life in different countries, as well as struggles people there faced during difficult periods in their histories. The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul. 4. What did the author do to wipe out the anxiety? A. He drowned it in chocolate. B. He conducted an experiment. C. He slept on the sofa leisurely. D. He escaped into a fantasy world. 5. What was the author’s attitude towards reading in paragraph 2? A. Reading novels was not attractive to the author. B. Reading a good book was time well spent. C. He was too busy to take good care of his books. D. The Harry Potter book wasn’t as good as expected. 6. How did the New Year’s resolution benefit the author? A. More sympathy went out to him. B. His moral values were strengthened. C. He learned much about religious diversity. D. He gained new insight into his academic fields. 7. What’s the best title of the text? A. Reading: A Lifelong Hobby B. The Power of Research Papers C. Novels: Love at Second Sight D. The Benefits of History Reading 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者的阅读之旅，随着作者对阅读的投入，作者也真正爱上了阅读。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a page. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man-like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct (不同的) from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed. (晚饭后，我泡了一杯热巧克力，躺在沙发上伸伸懒腰，打开了一页书。顷刻之间，我的思绪离开了实验设计的细节，进入了一个充满怪物、魔尘和像人一样的熊的世界，这是一个与我日常生活截然不同的奇妙世界。这正是我所需要的)”可知，作者消除自己焦虑的方法就是打开一本书，沉浸到一个幻想的世界之中。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my academic fields for better grades. After I started graduate school, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal to me at all but I spent most of my time on campus digesting research papers and textbooks and my mind couldn’t handle processing fact-filled nonfiction books at home, too. (相反，我会选择阅读与我的学术领域相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩。在我开始读研后，课外阅读对我毫无吸引力，但我把大部分时间花在校园里消化研究论文和教科书，我的大脑也无法处理家里充满事实的非小说类书籍)”可知，作者对于阅读小说没什么兴趣，更喜欢阅读学术领域相关的书籍。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul. (这些书帮助我建立了同情和理解，带来了一个意想不到的好处：我开始更深入地思考科学界问题的多样性，并可以全心全意地为之服务)”可推知，作者所阅读的书让他对自己的学科有了新的见解和看法。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，作者只会阅读和自己学科相关的书籍，希望自己能取得更好的成绩。根据文章第三段“To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork. (为了帮助我坚持下去，我制定了一个新年计划：一整年每个月读两本小说。结果是，我几乎立刻就对小说产生了欣赏，还有许多意想不到的结果，包括一些对我的学业有益的结果)”可知，从这从一开始不喜欢阅读小说，到阅读小说之后有了许多意想不到的结果。由此可知，C项Novels: Love at Second Sight(小说：一见不钟情)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。 C Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike. Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. If a building is very large, it needs a lot of lightning rods. But some buildings-such as airports-are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods. Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. The idea of using lasers to guide lightning isn’1new. Scientists have been working on the idea for over 20 years. They’ve successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a laboratory. But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters). The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge. The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. In the past, experiments with lasers that fired more slowly didn’t work. Managing to guide the lightning in an outdoor environment is a very big step. But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings. 8. To stop a building from being stricken by lightning, it is best to . A. equip it with metal rods B. position it away from airports C. build it on low-lying open ground D. keep it away from any kind of metal 9. What enables the laser to guide the lightning? A. Its color. B. Its brightness. C. Its speed. D. Its concentration. 10. What will the paragraph following the text probably talk about A. How the laser should be improved to protect large buildings. B. When the laser will be widely used to protect large buildings. C. Why it is unnecessary to use the laser to protect large buildings. D. What prevents the laser from being used to protect large buildings. 11. What is the best title for the text A. Scientists Find a New Use of the Laser B. Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser C. A New Idea Has Been Tested to Guide Lightning D. A New Way to Protect Buildings Has Been Found 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光改变了雷击的路径。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. (长期以来，科学家们一直在努力寻找一种保护建筑物免受雷击的方法。目前，保护建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。)”可知，目前保护建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters). (但直到2021年，科学家们都在室外用激光引导闪电。瑞士的科学家们利用一种每秒发射约1000次的强大激光，能够引导164英尺(50米)的闪电。)”可知，激光之所以能够用来引导闪电是因为激光的速度。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings.(但是，尽管取得了进展，激光在保护大型建筑物方面仍然不是一个好的选择。)”可推断，文章接下来会解释为什么激光不被用于保护大型建筑。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike. (瑞士科学家利用激光改变了雷击的路径。这项实验是在瑞士的桑蒂斯山上进行的，那里靠近一座每年被闪电击中约100次的广播电视塔。使用一种特殊的激光，研究人员能够引导雷击。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光引导雷击。所以“Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser (科学家用激光引导闪电)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 D A group of researchers studying the behavior of Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, have found that they have different “personality” types that help them survive and raise their baby tigers. According to the previous investigation, Amur tigers are definitely the largest cats in the world. They live in vast forests in wildness areas of eastern Russia and in protected areas of northern China. There are about 400 of these tigers left in the wild, although there are probably hundreds more living in zoos or reserves. The researchers based the study on a human test called “The Big Five”, which scores people on five personality features. They asked feeders working with 248 cats in two shelters to spy on the tigers and give an account of their personalities. The results divided the tigers into two groups, which the researchers described as having either “majesty” or “steadiness”. Tigers in the majesty category were those that appeared “dignified (高贵的) and ambitious”. The tigers in the steadiness category were “sincere and tolerant”. Majestic tigers had a higher social status, spent more time hunting live animals, and mated and ate more. The steady tigers seemed gentler and loving toward one another. Rosalind Arden, co-author of the study, said, “It’s pleasant to see that you don’t have to be dominant, fierce, competitive, and aggressive in order to succeed as a tiger, which doesn’t correspond with people’s traditional insights into tigers.” There were female and male tigers in both categories. In fact, female Amur tigers are rare and feel exhausted after giving birth to baby tigers so that fathers often help raise the baby tigers. Having a steady personality, especially for male ones, could play a significant role in the relatively long amount of time — two to three years — that baby tigers stay with their parents. The researchers say both personalities have advantages that help the tigers survive threats, including loss of habitat and hunting. The team hopes the study will encourage more support from all walks of life in a bid to guarantee the tigers’ conservation. 12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A To justify an argument. B. To add background information. C. To summarize the previous paragraph. D. To introduce a new topic for discussion. 13. The researchers conducted the study on Amur tigers by A. categorizing them for inspection B. scoring them on 5 personality features C. doing comparison experiments in the lab D. observing them through a personality test 14. What does Rosalind Arden think of their findings? A. They improve Amur tigers’ welfare. B. They change the tigers’ living conditions. C. They help the reproduction of Amur tigers. D. They contradict traditional ideas about tigers. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Few sex-related differences exist in tigers’ personalities. B. A steady personality decreases tigers’ chance of survival. C. Greater conservation efforts have been made due to the study. D. Personality types of baby tigers are influenced by their parents. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，东北虎有不同的“性格”类型，而这也有助于东北虎的生存和抚养幼虎。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A group of researchers studying the behavior of Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, have found that they have different “personality” types that help them survive and raise their baby tigers.(一组研究东北虎(也被称为西伯利亚虎)行为的研究人员发现，它们有不同的“性格”类型，这有助于它们生存和抚养幼虎。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了一项新的研究发现；而第二段“According to the previous investigation, Amur tigers are definitely the largest cuts in the world. They live in vast forests in wildness areas of eastern Russia and in protected areas of northern China. There are about 400 of these tigers left in the wild, although there are probably hundreds more living in zoos or reserves(根据之前的调查，东北虎绝对是世界上数量下降得最多的。它们生活在俄罗斯东部荒野地区的广阔森林和中国北部的保护区。野生老虎大约有400只，不过可能还有数百只生活在动物园或保护区。)”则补充了介绍了东北虎的背景信息。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers based the study on a human test called “The Big Five”, which scores people on five personality features. They asked feeders working with 248 cats in two shelters to spy on the tigers and give an account of their personalities.(研究人员研究基于一项名为“大五人格”的人体测试，该测试对人们的五种性格特征进行评分。他们要求饲养员在两个收容所照顾248只老虎，监视老虎，并描述它们的性格。)”可知，研究人员通过性格测试对东北虎进行了观察研究。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Rosalind Arden, co-author of the study, said, “It’s pleasant to see that you don’t have to be dominant, fierce, competitive, and aggressive in order to succeed as a tiger, which doesn’t correspond with people’s traditional insights into tigers.”(该研究的合著者Rosalind Arden说：“很高兴看到，要想成为一只成功的老虎，你不必是强势的、凶猛的、有竞争力的和好斗的，这与人们对老虎的传统看法不相符。”)”可知，Rosalind Arden认为他们的发现与人们关于老虎的传统观念相矛盾。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There were female and male tigers in both categories. In fact, female Amur tigers are rare and feel exhausted after giving birth to baby tigers so that fathers often help raise the baby tigers.(两个类别中都有雌虎和雄虎。事实上，雌性东北虎非常罕见，在生下幼虎后会感到筋疲力尽，所以东北虎爸爸经常帮助抚养幼虎。)”可知，两个类别中都有雌虎和雄虎，由此可推断出老虎的性格中几乎没有与性别有关的差异。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Cooking Meals at Home Benefits More Than Just Your Wallet When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive. ____16____ However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected. Here are four reasons to make cooking at home your option. · It’s cheaper. You could spend $100 at a fancy restaurant for one dinner, while the same amount of money could buy you groceries for a week. When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods. Here’s how: ____17____ · It may reduce your exposure to certain chemicals. The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to. ____18____ Common in takeout and fast-food packaging, those chemicals have been associated with many diseases. Food packaging can also contain other damaging compounds (化合物). ·You can better estimate calories. ____19____ That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home. On the contrary, you have complete control over the food materials when you cook in your own kitchen. Choosing fiber-packed vegetables and meat containing less fat will help keep your calories under control. So will the way you cook your food. Rather than frying, choose roasting. ·____20____ Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well. A. You can reduce added salt and sugar. B. Eating out can make calorie counting tricky. C. Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items. D. Salt and sugar are both essentials in cooking delicious foods. E. Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable. F. People are always too engaged in their work to cook at home personally. G. People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在家做饭的好处。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive.(当饥饿来袭时，进入快餐店或叫外卖的便利可能非常有吸引力。)”可知，饥饿的时候叫外卖非常有吸引力。而空后内容“However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected.(然而，当它成为一种习惯，你的腰围，你的钱包和你的健康可能会受到严重影响。)”则表明外卖对我们的钱包、身体都有影响。选项E“Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable.(偶尔在外面吃点东西是完全可以接受的。)”承上启下，承接上文的内容，指出偶尔出去吃是可以的；同时引出下文经常在外面吃饭并没有好处。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文内容“When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods.(当你聪明购物并且有创意时，你不需要在早餐上花超过1美元，在午餐上花2美元，在晚餐上花4美元来购买健康的食物。)”可知，上文提到的是其实不需要花很多钱在吃饭上。而空前内容“Here’s how(方法如下：)”则暗示，空处为具体操作方法。选项C“Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items.(大量购买，坚持购买商店品牌的商品。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是聪明购物。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文内容“The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to.(在家做饭最令人惊讶的好处是可以减少你接触的有害化学物质的数量。)”可知，在家做饭可以减少你接触的有害化学物质的数量。选项G“People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies.(在家做饭的人体内的危险化学物质含量较低。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是在家做饭可以减少接触有害化学物质。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据空后内容“That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home.(这就是为什么人们在外出就餐时往往会摄入额外的卡路里。)”可知，空后指的是人们在外面就餐时摄入的卡路里较多。选项B“Eating out can make calorie counting tricky.(外出就餐会让计算卡路里变得棘手。)”与下文内容一致，指的都是在外面就餐摄入的卡路里较多。故选B。 【20题详解】 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well.(许多厨师在烹饪时使用大量的盐。虽然盐可以使食物更美味，但过多的盐会导致心脏病和高血压等严重的健康问题。在家里，你可以通过其他方式调味食物来控制盘子里的盐量，比如用柠檬汁。糖也是如此。你可以使用少量的天然甜味剂，比如蜂蜜来增加食物的甜味。过多的添加糖也与一些疾病有关。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是在家做饭可以减少盐和糖的使用。选项A“You can reduce added salt and sugar.(你可以减少添加的盐和糖。)”正是本段主要内容。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was his father’s dream to see one of his kids grow up to be a doctor. When he was in grade 12, his father told the youngest son that he wanted him to study biology and pass medical exams. His sister, who___21___in biology, had earlier tried for Medical Degrees but failed even though she was very___22___. In August, he asked his sister to teach him biology. The___23___started to give lessons but soon she realized that the guy was not___24___for it. She tried to tell the father that the son was not good at biology and that he should___25___his dream of making one of his kids a doctor. The father called the guy and in a___26___way, he told him to try up to his capacity. The guy___27___his father and gave it his best shot. The result was___28___in June the next year but he didn’t pass it in that___29___. Just 20 days later the family faced a serious____30____when the father died suddenly due to a heart attack. The guy was not even 18 and those were____31____hard times. He remembered his father’s dream and decided to work on that. For a(n)____32____guy, medicine isn’t a child’s play. With great____33____, he studied day and night to fulfill his father’s dream which became his own dream, too. He____34____for the medical exam again and this time, he made it. He finally____35____the top medical college in the state. 21. A. majored B. participated C. involved D. brought 22. A. brave B. sharp C. attentive D. considerate 23. A. director B. applier C. expert D. tutor 24. A. grateful B. concerned C. suitable D. responsible 25. A. put off B. account for C. give up D. carry on 26. A. gentle B. rude C. sorrowful D. honest 27. A. declined B. understood C. hated D. acknowledged 28. A. inspired B. judged C. declared D. discovered 29. A. attempt B. field C. schedule D. adventure 30. A. threat B. shock C. infection D. misunderstanding 31. A. mentally B. accidentally C. constantly D. extremely 32. A. average B. frustrated C. committed D. awesome 33. A. talent B. satisfaction C. enthusiasm D. pleasure 34. A. prepared B. sat C. ran D. answered 35. A. touched B. promoted C. finished D. entered 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个男孩在父亲去世后，为完成父亲对自己的期待努力学习，最终进入医学院的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的姐姐主修生物学，以前曾试图获得医学学位，但失败了，尽管她很聪明。A. majored主修；B. participated参加；C. involved涉及，参与；D. brought带来。根据下文“In August, he asked his sister to teach him biology.”他要求姐姐教他生物，由此可知，此处应表示他的姐姐主修生物学。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的姐姐主修生物学，以前曾试图获得医学学位，但失败了，尽管她很聪明。A. brave勇敢的；B. sharp聪明的；C. attentive细心的；D. considerate考虑周到的。根据上文“had earlier tried for Medical Degrees but failed even though”曾试图获得医学学位，以及even though转折，由此可推知，此处应表示他的姐姐曾试图获得医学学位，但失败了，尽管她很聪明。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位指导教师开始上课，但很快她意识到这个男孩不适合。A. director导演；B. applier填充器；C. expert专家；D. tutor导师。根据上文“he asked his sister to teach him biology.”可知，这个男孩让他的姐姐教他生物，此处指的是这位指导教师开始上课了。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位指导教师开始上课，但很快她意识到这个男孩不适合。A. grateful感激的；B. concerned关心的；C. suitable合适的；D. responsible负责的。根据下文“She tried to tell the father that the son was no good at biology”试图告诉父亲，他的儿子不擅长生物学，由此可知，此处应表示姐姐觉得他不适合学习这门课程。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她试图告诉父亲，他的儿子不擅长生物学，他应该放弃让他的一个孩子成为医生的梦想。A. put off推迟；B. account for考虑；C. give up放弃；D. carry on继续进行。根据上文“the son was no good at biology”他的儿子不擅长生物学，由此可知，此处应表示他应该放弃让他的一个孩子成为医生的梦想。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩的父亲打电话给男孩，用一种温和的方式告诉他要尽自己最大的努力。A. gentle温和的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. sorrowful悲伤的；D. honest诚实的。根据下文“he told him to try up to his capacity.”以及语境可知，此处应表示男孩的父亲打电话给男孩，用一种温和的方式告诉他要尽自己最大的努力。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩理解他的父亲，并尽了最大努力。A. declined拒绝；B. understood理解；C. hated讨厌；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“and gave it his best shot.”尽了最大努力，由此可知，此处应表示这个男孩理解他的父亲。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果于第二年6月公布，但他没有通过。A. inspired激励；B. judged判断；C. declared公布；D. discovered发现。根据句意以及下文“but he didn’t pass it”可推知，此处应表示第二年六月公布了考试结果。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果于第二年6月公布，但他没有通过。A. attempt尝试；B. field领域；C. schedule日程表；D. adventure冒险。根据上文中的“try up to his capacity”以及“gave it his best shot”结合语境可知，男孩没有在那次尝试中通过考试。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅20天后，这个家庭就面临着严重的打击，父亲因心脏病突发而突然去世。A. threat威胁；B. shock冲击；C. infection感染；D. misunderstanding误解。根据下文“the father died suddenly due to a heart attack.”父亲因心脏病突发而突然去世。可知，此处应表示这个家庭面临着严重的打击。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个男孩还不到18岁，那是一段极其艰难的时期。A. mentally精神上；B. accidentally意外地；C. constantly持续不断地；D. extremely非常。根据上文“the father died suddenly due to a heart attack. The guy was not even 18”可知，父亲突然离世，而这位男孩还未满18岁，那是非常艰难的日子。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个普通人来说，医学可不是儿戏。A. average普通的，平常的；B. frustrated挫折的；C. committed忠诚的；D. awesome非常棒的。根据上文“the son was no good at biology”以及下文“medicine isn’t a child’s play”可知，对于一个资质平平的人来说，医学不是容易的事。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他怀着极大的热情，夜以继日地学习，以实现他父亲的梦想，这也成为了他自己的梦想。A. talent天赋；B. satisfaction满意；C. enthusiasm热情；D. pleasure高兴。根据下文“he studied day and night to fulfill his father’s dream which became his own dream, too.”夜以继日地学习，以实现他父亲的梦想，由此可知，此处应表示他怀着极大的热情，夜以继日地学习。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他又参加了医学考试，这次他成功了。A. prepared准备；B. sat (for)参加；C. ran跑；D. answered回答。根据下文“the medical exam again and this time, he made it.”可知，此处应表示男孩又参加了医学考试，这次他成功了。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最终考入了该州最好的医学院。A. touched动打；B. promoted促进；C. finished完成；D. entered进入。根据上文“He___14___for the medical exam again and this time, he made it.”最终成功了，由此可推知，此处应表示他最终考入了该州最好的医学院。故选D项。 第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The project____36____(launch) as Beijing’s urban renewal entered a stage ____37____massive demolition (拆除) and reconstruction gave way to small-scale “regeneration” projects. “We hope to upgrade the public spaces of Beijing’s old city, increase residents’ participation in community governance____38____ contribute to the improvement of the city’s environment and culture,” Hou said. Along one section of Chongyong Street, a ____39____ (historic) significant street in central Beijing, Hou and her team have built ____40____microgardens consisting of more than 6,000 plants. In addition to plants, the gardens also have art installations ____41____ (feature) elements of Beijing’s local culture such as kites and tanghulu, ____42____traditional candied fruit snack. Hou’s team has set up gardening organizations in some residential communities ____43____ (teach) local residents how to garden. Hou said the project is an innovative way to revive the old hutongs with creative horticulture (园艺) and will contribute to the overall protection of Beijing’s old city, which has one of the world’s most remarkable____44____ (collect) of palaces, temples, squares, markets, streets, city walls and towers, built over the course of China’s last three imperial dynasties. This project reflects the increasing importance _____45_____ (attach) to cultural heritage protection in recent years. 【答案】36. was launched 37. where 38. and 39. historically 40. the 41. featuring 42. a 43. to teach 44. collections 45. attached 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了侯晓蕾通过在北京胡同建造“微花园”来翻新旧城。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：该项目启动之际，北京的城市更新进入了大规模拆迁和重建让位给小规模“再生”项目的阶段。根据as引导的从句所使用的时态和句意可知，这里表示动作发生在过去，且The project和launch之间是动宾关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意参考上题。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词stage表示抽象地点，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：“我们希望升级北京老城的公共空间，增加居民对社区治理的参与，并为改善城市环境和文化做出贡献，”侯说。根据前面的upgrade...和increase...和后面的contribute...可知，前后之间是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：侯和她的团队沿着北京市中心具有历史意义的街道，崇永街的一段，建造了由6000多株植物组成的微花园。空处应用副词修饰significant，historically意为“历史上地”。故填historically。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意参考上题。根据microgardens后面的“consisting of more than 6,000 plants”可知，这里表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了植物，花园里还有一些艺术装置，这些艺术装置以北京当地文化元素为特色，比如风筝和糖葫芦，一种传统的蜜饯小吃。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语art installations和feature之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词的一般式，作后置定语。故填featuring。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意参考上题。snack意为“小吃”，为可数名词，这里说糖葫芦是一种传统的蜜饯小吃，表示泛指，且空后traditional的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：侯的团队在一些居民社区成立了园艺组织，教当地居民如何做园艺。此处表目的，所以用不定式to teach。故填to teach。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：侯说，该项目是一种创新的方式，通过创造性的园艺复兴老胡同，并将有助于北京老城的整体保护，北京老城拥有世界上最引人注目的宫殿、寺庙、广场、市场、街道、城墙和塔楼群之一，建于中国最后三个王朝时期。根据空前的“one of the world’s most remarkable”可知，空处应填名词，且需要变复数。collection意为“收集物，一批物品”，为可数名词。故填collections。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目反映了近年来对文化遗产保护的日益重视。分析句子结构，句子的谓语是reflects，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语the increasing importance和attach之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。attach importance to意为“重视”。故填attached。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你的外国朋友 Mike即将到你的家乡旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，向他推荐家乡的民俗文化馆(Folk Culture Museum)。邮件内容包括： 1. 阐明写信事由； 2. 介绍文化馆特色； 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mike, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, Knowing that you are going to travel in my hometown, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum. There is a lot to do in the museum. First, what will impress you most is that a variety of cultural handicrafts such as musical instruments, farming tools and so on are exhibited in different halls. Here, you can be involved in making crafts like paper umbrellas and Chinese knots. What’s more, with the help of the guides who is professional, you will have a better understanding of the history and development of our folk culture. You’re warmly welcome to visit the museum. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Mike写一封邮件，向他推荐家乡的民俗文化馆(Folk Culture Museum)。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：a variety of →all kinds of 此外：What’s more →Moreover 展示：exhibit →show 涉及：be involved in →relate to 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Knowing that you are going to travel in my hometown, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum. 拓展句：Because I know you are going to travel in my hometown, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, what will impress you most is that a variety of cultural handicrafts such as musical instruments, farming tools and so on are exhibited in different halls. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句) 【高分句型2】What’s more, with the help of the guides who is professional , you will have a better understanding of the history and development of our folk culture.(运用了who引导的定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that. Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace. “So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back?” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy. They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. They took advantage of their spare time to pick up rubbish on the beach. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit. More and more teenagers took part. In a month, they altogether collected and recycled 2.5 tons of plastic, recovering the beautiful beach. One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world. They said a team is what keeps them going on the challenging days and added, “keeping our team engaged and motivated has been a challenge and we are happy to have a positive influence.” Melati and Isabel are heroes who make a big difference to our world. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了两个女孩非常喜欢在自己家附近的海边游泳，后来发现海滩上的塑料垃圾太多了，再也不想去游泳了，心情很不好。后来课上老师讲到英雄人物，他们可以对世界起到正面影响，并激励到身边的人，两个女孩想到自己也可以去做一些事情。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔决定立即产生积极的影响。”可知，第一段可描写两个女孩采取行动去改善沙滩的状况，并发动身边的年轻人参与并创建组织，及他们的成果。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个月后，梅拉蒂接到了当地一家报社的电话。”可知，第二段可描写他们的组织规模不断扩大，在当地造成影响，接受报社采访。 2.续写线索：去行动改变沙滩状况——创建组织——成果——接受采访——采访内容——谈感想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①利用：take advantage of/make use of/employ ②解决：solve/address/find a solution for ③参与： take apart/ get involved 情绪类 ①受鼓舞的，激励的：motivated/inspired ②积极：positive /active 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. (运用了强调句型) [高分句型2]. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit.(运用了现在分词involving作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3]. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world.（运用了in which引导了定语从句，及并列的宾语从句） 听力：1—5 CBCBA 6—10 BACBC 11—15 CABAC 16—20 ACBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$