2025年中考英语复习语法专项:祈使句&专项练习

2024-08-13
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中考语法专项:祈使句&专项练习 一、祈使句的定义和特点 祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等语气的句子。 其特点包括: 主语通常被省略,默认主语为“you”。 句首通常是动词原形。 句末可以用句号“.”,也可以用感叹号“!”,语气较强时常用感叹号。 二、祈使句的类型 肯定祈使句 直接使用动词原形开头。例如:Come here.(过来。) Let 型:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Let's go.(我们走吧。) 否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形。例如:Don't be late.(别迟到。) Never + 动词原形。例如:Never give up.(永不放弃。) No + 名词/动名词。例如:No smoking.(禁止吸烟。) 三、祈使句的用法示例 表示命令:Stand up! (站起来!) 表示请求:Pass me the salt, please. (请把盐递给我。) 表示劝告:Be careful when crossing the road. (过马路时要小心。) 表示警告:Don't touch the hot pan. (别碰那个热锅。) 四、祈使句的注意事项 为了使语气更委婉,可以在句首或句末加上“please”。 例如:Come in, please. (请进来。) 在否定祈使句中,为了加强否定语气,可以加上“never”。 例如:Never do that again. (千万别再那样做了。) 五.祈使句在情景对话中的问答示例: 情景一: A: The room is so messy. (房间太乱了。) B: Clean it up! (清理干净!) 情景二: A: I'm really hungry. (我真的很饿。) B: Have some bread. (吃点面包。) 情景三: A: I don't know how to solve this problem. (我不知道怎么解决这个问题。) B: Think carefully! (仔细想想!) 情景四: A: I'm feeling cold. (我觉得冷。) B: Close the window. (把窗户关上。) 情景五: A: I'm so tired. (我太累了。) B: Take a rest. (休息一下。) 情景六: A: The traffic is heavy. (交通很拥堵。) B: Be patient! (耐心点!) 6. 祈使句的答句: 1. 表示同意或接受 例如: Open the door. (打开门。) OK. (好的。)/All right. (行。)/ 2. 表示拒绝 例如: Don't eat in class. (别在课堂上吃东西。) Sorry, I won't. (对不起,我不会了。) 3. 表示感谢 例如: Help me carry this box, please. (请帮我搬这个箱子。) Thank you. (谢谢。) 4. 表示解释或说明原因 例如: Come here early tomorrow. (明天早点来这。) But I have to finish my homework first. (但是我得先完成作业。) 5. 表示疑问或请求进一步说明 例如: Put these books on the shelf. (把这些书放在架子上。) Which shelf? (哪个架子?) 专项练习 一、单项选择(15 道) 1.______ late for class again, Tom! A. Don't be B. Don't C. Can't be 2.Please ______ quiet in the library. A. be B. are C. is 3.Let's ______ football after school. A. play B. to play C. playing 4.______ talk loudly in the hospital. A. Don't B. Can't C. Not 5.______ cross the road when the traffic light is red. A. Don't B. No C. Not 6.Be careful! ______ fall off the bike. A. Don't B. Not C. No 7.Let him ______ the work by himself. A. do B. to do C. doing 8.______ forget to close the window before you leave. A. Don't B. Please C. Not 9.______ kind to animals. A. Be B. Are C. Is 10.No ______ in the museum. A. shout B. shouting C. to shout 11.______ read in the sun. It's bad for your eyes. A. Don't B. Can't C. Not 12.Let's ______ and ______ football on the playground. A. go; play B. to go; to play C. going; playing 13.Please ______ the door. It's cold outside. A. close B. to close C. closing 14.______ afraid. I'll help you. A. Don't be B. Not be C. Can't be 15.Don't ______ noise in the classroom. A. make B. making C. to make 二、用所给词的正确形式填空(10 道) 1.Let's __________ (go) shopping this afternoon. 2.__________ (not be) late for school again. 3.Please __________ (write) your name on the paper. 4.__________ (not play) football in the street. 5.Don't __________ (talk) in class. 6.Let him __________ (help) me with my English. 7.__________ (listen) to the teacher carefully in class. 8.No __________ (swim) in the river. It's dangerous. 9.__________ (put) the books on the desk. 10.Don't let the children __________ (watch) TV too much. 三、翻译题(5 道) 1.不要在图书馆大声喧哗。 ____________________________________________________ 2.让我们一起打扫教室吧。 ____________________________________________________ 3.上学别迟到。 ____________________________________________________ 4.小心!别摔倒了。 ____________________________________________________ 5.禁止在公园里骑自行车。 ____________________________________________________ 答案: 一、单项选择 A A A A A A A A A B A A A A A 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 go Don't be write Don't play talk help Listen swimming Put watch 三、翻译题 Don't talk loudly in the library. Let's clean the classroom together. Don't be late for school. Be careful! Don't fall down. No cycling in the park. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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2025年中考英语复习语法专项:祈使句&专项练习
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2025年中考英语复习语法专项:祈使句&专项练习
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