2024年中考专题复习--语法填空

中考专题复习——语法选择 学习重难点 通过真题训练，能够抓住每小题的语法考点，明确解题思路 学习目标 学习语法选择的题型特点，掌握基本的解题策略，提高答题的准确率 教学内容 〖考点导航〗 从广州近3年的中考真题可知，广州中考语法选择考查 15 个空。学生必须在具体的语境里根据语法规则来选择正确的答案，主要考查学生的语法基础知识以及篇章理解能力，是一种综合性语法考查题目。从广州市历年中考的语法选择可以看出,主要的语法考点集中在;冠词、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词(to do/doing 形式)、形容词和副词、代词、介词、连词、定语从句的关系词、宾语从句的引导词、情态动词、数词等等。考生除了掌握常见的语法知识点外，还必须根据文章的语境以及从上下文的连贯性来考虑。在平时的复习中，考生可以根据广州历年语法选择的考点进行有针对性的查漏补缺，不断总结规律。 解题技巧 1.命题特点 (1)文章是一篇 200~300 词的叙事性短文: (2)文章第一句话基本完整，根据第一句话的动词形式可以判断全文的时态。 (3)考查基本语法点:动词、形容词、副词、连词、代词、介词、冠词、数词、宾语从句、定语从句等的用法。 2.解题技巧 (1)快速浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物、事件等关键信息，对个别生僻的单词和短语，只要不 影响理解文章主旨，就可以暂放一边。 (2)识别短语、句型，注意固定搭配。如动词短语:take care of, give up, look for等;介词短语:in surprise, in the future, next to 等:句型:It is adj. for sb. to do sth., It takes sb. some time to do sth.等。 (3)运用语法知识，理顺搭配关系。根据语法规则选出答案后，观察整个句子的语法结构(时态、语态)是 否合理，语义是否通顺，上下文是否连贯。 〖语篇精练〗 1. Exercise "I'm going shopping in the village," George's mother said to George on Saturday morning. "So be a good boy and don't get into trouble. And don't forget 1 good care of Grandma." Then out she went. Grandma 2 in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and said, "Now you heard 3 your mother said, George." "Yes, Grandma," George said. George was bored to tears. He didn't have a brother or a sister. His father was a farmer, and 4 farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere, 5 there were never any children to play with. He was tired of staring at 6 pigs, hens, cows and sheep. He was especially tired of having to live in the house with his grandma. Looking after her all by himself was hardly 7 way to spend a Saturday morning. "Go and make me a cup of tea for a start, 8 sugar and milk," Grandma said. Most grandmothers are lovely, kind, helpful old ladies, but not this one. George's grandma was a woman 9 was always complaining about something or other. She spent all day 10 on her chair by the window. George 11 that Grandma used to be a gentle lady, but as she grew older, she was not able to look after herself and even worse, she was easy to get angry. “We  12 be nice to the old, George, “His mother always told him. Thinking of this, George 13 into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with a teabag. He put one spoon of sugar and 14 milk in it. He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room 15. 1. A. take          B. taking           C. to take          D. takes 2. A. sleep         B. sleeps           C. is sleeping     D. was sleeping 3. A. that          B. what             C. where            D. which 4. A. a             B. an               C. the               D./ 5. A. but           B. if               C. or               D. so 6. A. hundred      B. hundreds         C. hundredth       D. hundreds of 7. A. exciting     B. the most exciting    C. more exciting   D. much more exciting 8. A. in            B. with             C. of               D. for 9. A. who           B. which            C. where            D. when 10. A. sitting     B. sits             C. sit              D. sat 11. A. tell         B. told             C. was told         D. has told 12. A. should      B. would            C. might            D. can 13. A. goes         B. went             C. will go          D. has gone 14. A. many         B. any              C. few              D. some 15. A. care         B. careful          C. carefully       D. careless 2. Guided reading 考查__________： So be a good boy and don’t get into trouble. And don’t forget 1 good care of Grandma. A. take         B. taking          C. to take         D. takes She spent all day 10 on her chair by the window. 10. A. sitting    B. sits            C. sit             D. sat It was time for the villagers__8__to market. 8. A. go B. going C. to go D. went The rough roads we travel along can also_15_us. 15. A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped 考查__________： Grandma  2  in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye. 2. A. sleep        B. sleeps       C. is sleeping    D. was sleeping Thinking of this, George 13 into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with a teabag. 13. A. goes        B. went            C. will go         D. has gone 考查__________： George 11 that Grandma used to be a gentle lady. 11. A. tell        B. told            C. was told        D. has told They were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes__9__perfectly into three groups. 9. A. are divided B. were divided C. are dividing D. divided 考查__________： "We 12 be nice to the old, George," His mother always told him. 12. A. should     B. would           C. might           D. can 考查__________从句： Now you heard 3 your mother said, George. 3. A. that         B. what            C. where           D. which 考查__________从句： George's grandma was a woman 9 was always complaining about something or other. 9. A. who          B. which           C. where           D. when One year, there was a young man_4_received his share of the potatoes. 4. A. who B. which C. what D. whose 考查__________从句： The king took it to the palace, but 27　 he played it, the harp sounded terrible. 27. A. when B. before C. if D. because The offer was so simple __31__ Eileen thought she had heard wrong. 31. A. as B. which C. that D. until __30__ we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. 30. A. When B. Whether C. Why D. If His father was a farmer, and  4  farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere, so there were never any children to play with. 4. A. a            B. an              C. the             D./ __6__villagers thought he was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get his potatoes ready in time. 6. A. A B. An C. The D. / It was in fact 33 magic harp, and could only be played well by someone who would put in the necessary effort. 33. A. a B. an C. the D. / They lived on was miles away from anywhere, 5 there were never any children to play with. 5. A. but          B. if              C. or              D. so After asking the man how he did it, they understood he was not lazy, __11__very clever. 11. A. so B. and C. or D. but The music she produced was never perfect, 32 each time it sounded a little better. 32. A. so B. and C. or D. but He was tired of staring at 6 pigs, hens, cows and sheep. 6. A. hundred     B. hundreds        C. hundredth      D. hundreds of At the end of every growing season, __2__potatoes were dug out of the ground, and readied for market. 2. A. thousand with B. thousands with C. thousand of D. thousands of Looking after her all by himself was hardly 7 way to spend a Saturday morning. 7. A. exciting     B. the most exciting     C. more exciting  D. much more exciting The village was_1_ in potatoes than anywhere else in the country. 1. A. rich B. richer C. richest D. more rich Children who listened to happy music pointed to the smiling faces, showing that they felt 33 . 33. A. exciting B. excitedly C. excitement D. excited "Go and make me a cup of tea for a start, 8 sugar and milk," Grandma said. 8. A. in           B. with            C. of              D. for The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the larger potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoes rested__13__ the middle. 13. A. on B. in C. with D. by When the king saw that she was playing his old harp, he was filled 34　 joy. 34. A. in B. of C. by D. with He put one spoon of sugar and  14  milk in it. 14. A. many        B. any             C. few             D. some At that moment he made the girl his own private 35　 , giving her and her family many riches. 35. A. music B. musical C. musician D. musically He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room 15 . 15. A. care        B. careful         C. carefully      D. careless In each home, men and women would__3__divide the potatoes into three groups, large, medium and small. 3. A. busily B. busy C. more busily D. busier The villagers thought he was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get__7__potatoes ready in time. 7. A. he B. him C. himself D. his Many 28 people tried it. 28. A. another B. other C. others D. the other If nature can’t reuse the rubbish, we must recycle 31 . 31. A. them B. their C. it D. itself 3. Practice 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从26~35各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 People all over the world celebrate Valentine’s Day．However, the holiday 26 differently in different countries 27 each culture has its own Valentine’s Day customs． For example，people in the United States and Japan both celebrate Valentine’s Day 28February 14．But in Japan，only romantic partners come together, while in America，it can be shared by anyone 29 is close，friend or lover．Chocolate is the most preferred gift in the US 30 it is common in Japan，too．However, in the US other kinds of gifts are 3 1 given，and many people exchange cards． The biggest 32 is that in Japan，only girls and women．33 chocolates to boys and men，but in the US boys and girls will give cards or small gifts to all of 34 friends．And while American men and women both receive gifts，women usually get 35 expensive gifts than men．That’s why I would like to be a man in Japan but a woman in the US! 26．A．celebrates B．is celebrating C．celebrated D．is celebrated 27．A．although B．where C．because D．if 28．A．on B．in C．at D．by 29．A．whom B．who C．whose D．which 30．A．so B．as C．and D．or 31．A．too B．either C．neither D．also 32．A．difference B．differences C．different D．differently 33．A．give B．to give C．giving D．given 34．A．theirs B．they C．them D．their 35．A．many B．more C．few D．fewer Check the answer and summarize it: 考点分布 动词 名词 代词 形容词 副词 引导词 介词 连词 题号 我的错题笔记： 1. 常错点：_______________________________________________________ 2. 易错点：_______________________________________________________ 4. Homework A long time ago, there was a beautiful forest. In the forest there lived an elephant. 1 elephant was friendly but he didn’t have any friends 2 he could played with. None of the animals wanted to be one of his friends 3 he was too large and they were afraid of him. He felt very lonely. One day, a heavy fire took place in the forest. All the animals ran to safer places 4 the elephant. The fire was so heavy that it would 5 the forest. The elephant ran to the 6 river in order to collect as 7 water as he could in his trunk(象鼻). He ran 8 to the burning trees and sprayed(喷) the water on 9 . At last, he put out the fire. While he 10 a rest after the hard work, all the animals and birds came to him and 11 their thanks for his kind help in time. The elephant 12 as their good friend and their hero. They said 13 a friend in need is a friend indeed. The elephant was excited 14 so many friends. All the animals no longer felt afraid of 15 with him. The elephant was not alone, either. 1. A. A B. An C. The D. / 2. A. which B. who C. when D. where 3. A. because B. so C. though D. but 4. A. beside B. but C. besides D. except 5. A. destroy B. to destroy C. destroying D. destroyed 6. A. near B. nearest C. nearer D. nearly 7. A. many B. much C. little D. few 8. A. quick B. quickly C. quicker D. more quickly 9. A. their B. themselves C. them D. they 10. A. was having B. have C. is having D. had 11. A. express B. expresses C. expressed D. expressing 12. A. was treated B. treated C. is treated D. is treating 13. A. whom B. why C. what D. that 14. A. getting B. get C. to get D. got 15. A. play B. playing C. played D. to play Just two weeks ago, I was about to cross a busy road when I noticed an old grandpa with a heavy bag on his head just a few meters from me. He looked very ___1___ and his bones had no strength to even carry him.___2___ minutes later, I realized I’d forgotten to cross the road. And he noticed that I ___3___ at him. I love my grandparents ___4___ much that whenever I see any old people I won’t forget to smile at them. I couldn’t ___5___ go of this grandpa, either. He came near me and handed me a note. His address ___6___ on it. I showed him the directions and ___7___ he would need a taxi as it was 3 p.m. on a hot summer day. Anybody would faint(昏倒) in this weather and I didn’t want him ___8___ all the way. But he looked disappointed. I asked ___9___ he had come from. He replied weakly that he was from Chidambaram, about 240 kilometers from there. I was shocked ___10___ he looked like he could not even take two steps without falling. I called___11___ taxi immediately and asked the driver to drop him at his place. The grandpa wasn’t ready because he had no money. I paid for his journey and asked the driver to drop him off ___12___. When I turned to look at the grandpa ___13___ was leaving, tears filled my eyes and I didn’t want to leave. Memories of my grandparents flashed ___14___ my mind, making me feel like crying. I said goodbye to the grandpa, and some tears dropped from ___15___ eyes. 1. A. weaken B. weak C. weakly D. weakness 2. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few 3. A. look B. looks C. was looking D. am looking 4. A. so B. such C. too D. such a 5. A. to let B. let C. letting D. lets 6. A. wrote B. has written C. was written D. is written 7. A. say B. says C. will say D. said 8. A. walk B. to walk C. walking D. walked 9. A. where B. what C. if D. when 10. A. though B. because C. so D. unless 11. A. a B. an C. the D. / 12. A. safe B. safety C. safely D. unsafe 13. A. which B. what C. whose D. who 14. A. on B. in C. for D. at 15. A. him B. his C. himself D. he A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a hat by his feet. He held up a sign which said: ＂I am blind,please help. "There were not _1_ coins in the hat. A man was walking by. He took a few coins _2_ his pocket and dropped them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words. He put the sign back so that _3_ who walked by would see the new words. Soon the hat _4_ with coins. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy.That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked, "Were you the one _5_ changed my sign this morning? What did you write?"The man said, "I only wrote the _6_. I said what you said, _7_ in a different way. I wrote: "Today is a beautiful day, but I cannot see it. '" _8_ signs told people that the boy was blind. But the first sign simply said the boy was blind. The second sign told people that they were _9_ lucky that they were not blind. Should we be _10_ that the second sign was more effective? Moral of the Story: Be thankful for what you have. Be creative. Think 11 and positively. When life gives you 100 reasons to cry, _12_ life that you have 1000 reasons to smile. Face your past without regret. Handle your present with confidence. Prepare for the future without fear. Keep the faith and drop the fear. The most beautiful thing is _13_ a person smiling. And even _14- is,knowing that you are _15_ reason behind it! （ ）1. A.much B.little C.many D.few （ ）2. A.in B.through C.from D.to （ ）3. A.something B.nobody C.anything D.everyone （ ）4. A.filled B.was filled C.had filled D.was filling （ ）5. A.who B.which C.what D.whom （ ）6. A.true B.truth C.truly D.truer （ ）7. A.but B.and C.so D.or （ ）8. A. Either B.Neither C. Both D. All （ ）9. A.too B.just C.almost D.so （ ）10. A.surprise B.surprised C.surprising D.surprisingly （ ）11. A.different B.difference C.differently D.differ （ ）12. A.show B.to show C.showing D.shows （ ）13. A.sees B.saw C.seen D.to see （ ）14. A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.beautifully （ ）15. A.a B.an C. / D.the 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$