必修2 UNIT 2(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

项目一背诵单元词汇·充盈“语料库” 一、词块记忆“阅读词汇” 1．a soccer match　　　　　　　 足球比赛 2．go skydiving 去跳伞 3．lung diseases caused by smoking 吸烟引起的肺病 4．the immune system 免疫系统 5．go jogging in the park 去公园慢跑 6．markets throughout the world 世界各地的市场 7．a natural athlete 一名天生的运动员 8．a boxing champion 一位拳击冠军 9．a badminton court 羽毛球场 10．play basketball in the gym/gymnasium 在体育馆打篮球 11．forwards and backwards 进退 12．make a diagram 画一张简图 二、词块记忆“核心词汇” 1．assume the worst　　　　　 　 做最坏的假设 2．tend to make mistakes 　　 容易犯错 3．prevent the spread of diseases　 防止疾病传播 4．Moreover, time is pressing. 此外，时间也很紧迫。 5．a series of routine medical tests 一系列常规的医疗检查 6．stretch out a hand 伸出一只手 7．improve your body's range of movement 增大肢体活动幅度 8．an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours 平均一个半到两个半小时 9．prevent soft tissue injury 避免软组织受伤 10．maintain social ties 保持社会联系 11．plus a service charge of D|S2.50 另加2.50美元的服务费 12．live in a nearby town 住在附近的一个小镇上 13．a trading partner 贸易伙伴 14．a comfortable position 一个舒服的姿势 15．Nowadays, a lot of people work from home. 如今，有很多人在家工作。 16．a 17th-century master of Chinese martial arts 一位17世纪的中华武学大师 三、写准用对“变形词汇” 1．congratulate vt.祝贺→congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 2．reduce vt.减少，缩小→reduction n．减少 3．move v．移动；运动；搬动→movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动 4．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的 5．equip v．装备，配备→equipment n．设备；配备，装备→equipped adj.装备齐全的；有能力的 6．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n．通知；宣告→announcer n．播音员；宣告者 7．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫 8．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．承认；准许进入；入场费 9．inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 10．explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→explorer n．探险者→exploration n．探险；探索；勘查 11．imitate vt.模仿；仿效→imitation n．模仿；仿制品 12．satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.感到满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到 13．philosophy n．哲学→philosopher n．哲学家 14．unite v．联合，联手；团结，统一→unity n．统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 15．exist vi.存在；生活，生存→existence n．存在 16．breath n．呼吸→breathe vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出→breathless adj.呼吸困难的 四、因境而异的“熟词生义或词性活用” 1．bat n．蝙蝠；球棒，球板 →vt.& vi.用球棒(板)击球 2．tend vi.往往会；趋向→vt.照看 3．sweat n．汗水→vt.& vi.出汗，流汗 4．lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺→vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 5．update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息→n.最新消息 6．replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新→vt.把……放回原处 7．master n．大师，能手；主人→vt.精通，掌握；控制 8．ache n．疼痛，隐痛→vi.疼痛，隐痛 9．root n．根，根茎；根源，起因→vt.& vi.(使)生根 五、记牢用活“重点短语” 1．do wonders　 　　　 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2．over the long term 长期 3．stick with 持续，坚持 4．make up for 弥补，补偿 5．put the finishing touches to　 对……进行最后 的润色或修饰 6．in response to　　　　　　 对……作出反应； 作为对……的回复 7．under the weather 略有不适，不舒服 8．no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 9．in general 一般来说 10．on average 平均 11．look forward to 盼望；期待 12．to be honest 说实话，老实说 13．hang out with 和……一起闲逛 14．over and over again 一再的，反复的 15．be rooted in 起源于 16．to start with 首先，作为开始 17．at risk of 处于……危险之中 18．be wrong about 冤枉 19．have an effect on 对……有影响 20．above all 最重要的，首先 21．prevent ...from ... 阻止…… 项目二 背诵出彩表达·有话“好好说” 一、单元重点句式内外兼修 1．what引导表语从句 教材内佳句 When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. 在做日常锻炼的规划时，首先要考虑的是你想要提升哪方面：是心肺功能，还是肌肉强度，抑或是柔韧性。 教材外佳句 ①(人教版选择性必修2佳句)As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire — usually boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab. 因此，他们的传统食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如羊肉串。 ②(外研版选择性必修4佳句)But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. 但最大的谜团是为何玛雅人抛弃了绝大部分的大城市。 2.sb./sth.is likely to do ... 教材内佳句 Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you're more likely to stick with them.　最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。 教材外佳句 ①(人教版选择性必修2佳句)The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用这种(被污染的)水的人更容易染上霍乱。 ②(外研版选择性必修4佳句)This is likely to have led to a series of droughts, each lasting for a couple of years, including a “megadrought” around 900 AD. 这可能导致了一系列旱灾，每一次旱灾都持续若干年，其中就包括公元900年的一场“百年不遇的旱灾”。 3.现在完成进行时 教材内佳句 I've been feeling a bit under the weather recently: generally tired and not myself. 我最近感觉有点不舒服：全身疲惫而且不在状态。 教材外佳句 ①(人教版选择性必修3佳句)We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. 现在，我们在冰层上扎营，一直在设法生存下来，但是，春天就要来了，冰层很快就会融化。 ②(外研版必修2佳句)Today I've been photographing a crocodile swimming close to our boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day. 今天我一直在拍摄一条鳄鱼，它一整天都在我们乘坐的“金伯利探索号”附近徘徊。 4.suggest“建议”后跟从句时用虚拟语气 教材内佳句 When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated. 一开始，当朋友建议我们参加学校新成立的太极拳俱乐部时，我犹豫了。 教材外佳句 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I suggest that you put three to four students together, with one as the group leader, in which case we can communicate with each other at a great depth. 我建议您把三到四个学生分成一组，其中一个为组长，这样我们能深入地彼此交流。 5.主语＋be said to have done ... 教材内佳句 Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. 传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极拳。 教材外佳句 ①(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)He was said to have sailed as far as the east coast of Africa, having a far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours. 据说他曾经远航至非洲东海岸，对中国及其周边国家产生了深远影响。 ②(外研版选择性必修1佳句)Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. 据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样一棵树。 6.no wonder“难怪” 教材内佳句 No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals — Chinese martial arts have a long-standing practice of imitating animals. 由于中国武术中模拟动物的做法由来已久，太极拳的部分招式以动物来命名也就不足为奇了。 教材外佳句 ①(2021·浙江6月高考写作)No wonder many students think highly of this exhibition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of Chinese art. 难怪很多学生对这次展览评价很高，这为他们探索中国艺术之美提供了一个平台。 ②Apart from hard work, he was modest.No wonder he could make great achievements. 除了工作努力外，他还很谦虚。难怪他能取得巨大的成就。 二、单元主题佳句纵横拓展 热考主题：运动与健康 1．Sports are also very useful in teenagers' character building.　体育运动对青少年的性格塑造也很有用。 2．Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy. 体育运动可能是几乎所有人都可以享受的最大众化的放松形式。 3．By exercising we can strengthen our body, study efficiently and maintain a good mood. 通过锻炼我们可以强身健体、有效地学习并保持好心情。 4．Some people seem to think that sports are unimportant things that people do at times when they are not working. 有些人似乎认为体育运动不是什么重要的事情，只是人们在不工作的时候偶尔才去做的。 5．In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.　事实上，我得到的奖牌和获得第一名的那个人得到的奖牌是一样的。 6．As far as I'm concerned, running not only is a good way to build up our strength but also helps us relax and relieve the pressure of learning. 就我个人而言，跑步不仅是强身健体的好方法，而且有助于我们放松心情，缓解学习压力。 三、续写高分素材学中悟道 系列背诵(一)形体描写之“臂” Entering the room, I saw Grandma sitting on the bed with a blanket around her. I ran forward and gave her the biggest hug with tearful eyes. Grandma, holding me tightly in her arms, said, “I know there's a chance I won't make it, but I love you forever.” Grandpa patted Grandma on the back and comforted her, “Don't worry, honey. We are all waiting for you here.” Grandma nodded with her usual smile. 高分悟道 本段中加黑部分是和“臂”有关的动作描写，通过紧紧拥抱表达了作者和祖母之间的爱，刻画了一幅让人伤感又充满温馨的生动画面。 高分有招 常见的与“臂”相关的高分词块有： throw/put one's arms around sb.伸出双臂抱住某人 wave arms 挥舞双臂 with open arms 热烈地 fold one's arms across one's chest 双臂交叉在胸前 arm in arm 臂挽臂 pull sb. into one's arms 揽某人入怀 系列背诵(二) 形体描写之“手” Suddenly I felt a hand on my arm and then another on my face. I tried reaching for my box of matches, and grabbed it just in time, for someone was trying to take it out of my pocket. From every direction came these disgusting creatures, pulling at my hair and my clothing. Because I could not get hold of the matches firmly, I shouted as loud as I could. 高分悟道 本段中的“felt a hand on my arm, take ...out of ..., pulling at”具体生动地描写了作者在黑暗中所面临的令人紧张害怕的画面；“reaching for, grabbed, not get hold of”则通过手部动作描写表达了作者从镇静到慌乱的心理变化。 高分有招 常见的与“手”相关的高分词块有： wave one's hand　　　　挥舞着手 bury one's head in one's hands　双手抱头 hold one's hands 给某人支持 on the other hand 另一方面 trembling hands 颤抖的双手 一、默写重点单词 1．assume vt.　　　　　 假定，认为；承担(责任)， 就职；呈现，显露 2．tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看 3．disease n. 病，疾病 4．moreover adv. 此外，而且 5．routine n. 常规，惯例 adj. 常规的，例行的；乏味的 6．stretch vt.& vi. 伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出； (使)延伸 7．range n. 范围，界限，区间；一系列 8．average n. 平均水平，一般水准 adj. 平均的；典型的 9．prevent vt. 阻止，阻碍 10．lack n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi. 没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 11．maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养 12．update vt. 使现代化，更新； 向……提供最新信息 n. 最新消息 13．replace vt. 用……替换；代替，取代； 更换，更新 14．plus conj. 而且，此外 prep. 加；和 15．nearby adj. 附近的，邻近的 adv. 在附近，不远 16．partner n. 搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 17．position n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 18．nowadays adv. 现今，现在 19．master n. 大师，能手；主人 vt. 精通，掌握；控制 20．ache vi.& n. 疼痛，隐痛 21．root vt.& vi. (使)生根 n. 根，根茎；根源，起因 二、默写变形词汇 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 三、默写重点短语 1．do_wonders　 　　　 　 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2．over_the_long_term 长期 3．stick_with 持续，坚持 4．make_up_for 弥补，补偿 5．put_the_finishing_touches_to　 对……进行最后 的润色或修饰 6．in_response_to 对……作出反应； 作为对……的回复 7．under_the_weather 略有不适，不舒服 8．no_wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 9．in_general 一般来说 10．on_average 平均 11．look_forward_to 盼望；期待 12．to_be_honest 说实话，老实说 13．hang_out_with 和……一起闲逛 14．over_and_over_again 一再的，反复的 15．be_rooted_in 起源于 16．to_start_with 首先，作为开始 17．at_risk_of 处于……危险之中 18．be_wrong_about 冤枉 19．have_an__effect_on 对……有影响 20．above_all 最重要的，首先 21．prevent_...from_... 阻止…… 词汇1　tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/词汇升级)　 ①While I hate to admit it, people always tend to_judge (judge) a person by his or her appearance initially. ②As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency (tend) to get anxious with time going by. ③People usually think that the problem will never affect them.tend_to |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)tend to do sth.　　　　　 倾向于做某事 tend sb./sth. 照顾/护理某人/某物 (2)tendency n. 趋势；倾向；偏好 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(话题写作之身体健康)In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, some teenagers may tend_to_go_on_a_diet.(tend) 在一个以瘦为美的社会中，一些青少年可能会倾向于节食(减肥)。 ⑤(话题写作之身体健康)People who are stressed out have_a_tendency_to_eat_junk_food as a way to comfort themselves.(tendency) 压力过大的人倾向于吃垃圾食品来安慰自己。 词汇2　range n．(变化或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①The table tennis team will hold a range of activities, including some training and matches. ②When driving on freeways, the driver must control his or her speed within/in the range of speed-limiting. ③The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging (range) from butterflies to elephants. ④The temperature varies from 30 degrees to minus 20.ranges |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)a wide range of　　　　 一系列…… beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外 within/in the range of 在射程以内；在范围内 (2)range from ...to ... 在……范围内变动； 包括……到……之间的各类事物 range between ...and ... 在……和……范围内变动 |应|用|表|达|——————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑤(应用文之通知)The activities may range_from_Chinese calligraphy competition to_paper_cutting,_martial arts, appreciation of Beijing Opera and so on. 活动可能包括书法比赛、剪纸、武术、京剧欣赏等。 ⑥(话题写作之体育运动)Besides, our school set up a new stadium.Now a_wide_range_of_sports_events are able to be held, which range_from ping-pong, football to running competitions. 此外，我们学校建起了一个新体育场。现在各项体育赛事都可以举行，从乒乓球、足球到跑步比赛等。 词汇3　equipment n．[U]设备；配备，装备 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life. ②It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak)． ③The new lab is_equipped_with all kinds of advanced laboratory equipment. 新实验室配备了各种先进的实验设备。 ④We must ensure that business is_equipped_to_achieve sustainable growth. 我们必须确保业务能够实现可持续增长。 |系|统|归|纳|　 equip v．　　　　　　　　 装备，配备 equip ...with ... 用……装备…… be equipped with ... 配备着…… equip ...for ... 为……装备……； 为……做好准备 be equipped to do sth. 能够胜任做某事 名师指津：equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。表示“一件装备”用a piece of equipment。 |应|用|表|达|——————————————(完成句子/句式升级)　 ⑤(主旨升华句)We should equip_ourselves_with the high-positive poses and make our every day beautiful and energetic! 我们应该用高度积极的姿态装备自己，让我们的每一天都美丽且充满活力！ ⑥(话题写作之人物描写)He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students. →Equipped_with_much_experience_in_teaching,_he is well respected by all his students.(过去分词短语作状语) →Equipping_himself_with_much_experience_in_teaching,_he is well respected by all his students.(现在分词短语作状语) 词汇4　lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺；短缺的东西vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/句型转换)　 ①For lack of human protection, some good fields have become deserts. ②They are so rich that they lack for nothing. ③Though/Although he lacked experience, he got the job. →Despite his_lack_of_experience,_he got the job. →Though/Although lacking_in_experience,_he got the job. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)for lack of ...　　　　　　 因为缺乏…… (a) lack of ... 缺乏…… (2)lack for 缺少，需要 (多用于否定句中) (3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少…… |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ④(话题写作之健康)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a)_lack_of_exercise. 健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 ⑤(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。 →Though_they_lacked_cooking_experience,_the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.(状语从句) →Though_lacking_in_cooking_experience,_the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.(形容词短语作状语) 词汇5　announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①At the end of the meeting, it was_announced (announce) that an agreement had been reached. ②They made an announcement (announce) of the marriage of their daughter. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)announce sth.to sb.　　 向某人宣布某事 It is announced that ... 据宣布…… (2)announcer n. 宣告者；播音员 announcement n. 通告，声明；宣布，宣告 make an announcement 宣布；发布通知 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ③(续写之场景描写)When_the_result_of_the_race_was_announced,_all the students cheered up. 当比赛结果被公布时，所有的学生都欢呼起来。 ④(2021·浙江6月高考写作)It_is_announced_that the exhibition will last for two weeks, and every student is welcome to visit. 据宣布，这个展览将持续两周，欢迎每位同学参观。 词汇6　replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新；把……放回原处 |题|点|盘|查|——————(写出下列句中加黑词的含义)　 ①Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.取代 ②The shower that we put in a few years back has broken and we cannot afford to replace it.更换 ③What you should do in the reading room is replace the book when you finish it.把……放回原处 |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)replace ...with/by ...　　 用……替换…… replace ...as ... 取代……而成为…… (2)replacement n. 更换，替换 (3)replace＝take the place of＝take one's place 　　 代替 in the place of＝in one's place 　 代替 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(应用文之建议信)As far as I'm concerned, it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace_them_with/by_snacks. 我认为，不吃饭而用零食代替不是个好主意。 ⑤(续写之情绪描写)As the cut-off time got closer and closer, a mix of anxiety and nerves took_the_place_of/replaced the casualness of his gesture. 随着截止时间越来越近，一种混杂的焦虑和紧张取代了他漫不经心的姿态。 词汇7　hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑；顾虑 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/一句多译)　 ①Don't hesitate about/over your decision once you think it over. ②In the event of difficulties, please do not hesitate to_contact (contact) us. ③如果你有问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。 →If you have questions, don't_hesitate_to ask us for help.(hesitate) →If you have questions, do ask us for help without_hesitation.(hesitation) |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)hesitate about/over (doing) ... 对(做)……犹豫 hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事，不愿做某事 (2)hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑 without hesitation 毫不犹豫 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(补全语段)　 ④(续写之场景描写)_After_some_hesitation,_Carrie stretched_out_her_hands and picked up the kitten.She examined the kitten carefully and found_there_were_some_minor_injuries in its leg.Carrie decided to take the poor kitten home and adopt it.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段) 犹豫了一会儿之后，嘉莉伸出双手，把小猫抱了起来。她仔细检查了一下小猫，发现它的腿上有一些轻伤。嘉莉决定把这只可怜的小猫带回家收养。 词汇8　admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入；可容纳 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/熟词生义)　 ①She apologized to me and admitted taking/having_taken (take) my umbrella by mistake. ②Gaining admission (admit) to a key university is seen as a key to future success for some parents. ③It is said that the admission to the concert is ￡5 and as a result, I determine to enjoy it.入场费 |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)admit be admitted as ...　　作为……被接受 be admitted into/to ...被……录取；被……接收 (2)admission n．承认；许可；允许进入；入场费 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(续写之情绪描写)My mother was close to tears when she heard I_was_admitted_to/into_a_key_university. 当得知我被重点大学录取时，我妈妈差点儿就哭了。 ⑤(续写之景物描写)It's a very broken house and the narrow windows admitted_little_light_into_the_room. 这是一座非常破旧的房屋，窗户狭窄，只有少量光线可以照进房间。 ⑥(续写之心理描写)I felt very distressed and I_couldn't_admit_to_my_parents_that I found the course difficult. 我感到非常苦恼，我无法向父母承认自己觉得这门课程很难。 词汇9　prevent ...from ...不准……；阻止…… |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空)　 ①The situation in that area should be prevented from becoming (become) worse. ②Soldiers have been sent to protect the crew against/from attack. ③The heavy rain kept them from getting there on time. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)stop ...(from) doing sth. ＝keep ...from doing sth.　 阻止……做某事 (2)protect ...against/from ... 保护……以防…… (3)prevention n. 阻止，预防 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(续写之背景描写)It had been snowing non-stop for three days, and the storm prevented_communication_with_the_outside_world. 雪已经连续不断地下了三天了，这场暴风雪阻断了与外界的通信联系。 ⑤(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)David had a brain disease which_prevented/stopped/kept_him_from_walking_or_running like other children. 大卫患有脑部疾病，这让他不能像其他孩子那样走路或者奔跑。 词汇10　make up for弥补，补偿 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————————(介词填空)　 ①She determined to work twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time. ②New Zealand is mainly made up of two islands, the larger of which is the South Island. ③I heard the voices, but couldn't make out what they were saying. ④Bats often send out sound waves and make sense of their environment from the echoes they receive back. |系|统|归|纳|　 make up 和好；编造；组成；化妆；弥补 be made up of 由……组成，由……构成 make it 做到，成功；赶上，及时到达 make out 辨认出；理解；听清 make (no) sense 讲得(不)通，有(没)道理 make sense of 理解 make up one's mind 下决心，决定 |应|用|表|达|———————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑤(名言警句)Hard work can often make_up_for a lack of ability.　勤能补拙。 ⑥(续写之景物描写)The fog was so heavy in the morning that we couldn't make_out the road clearly. 早晨雾很大，我们看不清路。 ⑦(续写之细节描写)The team made_up_of ten young men often quarrelled, but they soon made_up.They have_made_up_their_minds to learn from each other to make_up_for their shortcomings. 这支由10名年轻人组成的队伍虽然经常争吵，但他们很快就会和好。他们已经下定决心要互相学习，来弥补他们的不足。 句式　sb./sth.is said to do ... |要|点|解|读|　 (1)可用于此句型结构的过去分词有：thought, reported, believed, advised, required, hoped, suggested等。 (2)to do为一般式，根据情况，不定式也可用进行式或完成式。 (3)此句型可转化为It is said that ...句型。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(变换句式)　 ①(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Zheng He was believed to be one of China's most influential explorers. →It's_believed_that Zheng He was one of China's most influential explorers. ②Columbus's voyages were thought to open a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings. →It's_thought_that Columbus's voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings. ③The book is known to have been translated into ten languages. →It_is_known_that the book has been translated into ten languages. ④It was said that she had written a report about wildlife protection the other day. →She was_said_to_have_written a report about wildlife protection the other day. |应|用|写|美|　 ⑤(应用文之活动介绍)据说，数百幅古代艺术家创作的中国画将进行展出，参观者将从中感受到丰富多彩的中国文化。 →It's_said_that hundreds of Chinese paintings by ancient artists will be on display, from which visitors will feel the colourful Chinese culture. →Hundreds of Chinese paintings by ancient artists are_said_to_be_on_display,_from which visitors will feel the colourful Chinese culture. ⑥(话题写作之传统文化)据报道，这些关于中国传统文化的纪录片在国外很受欢迎。 →It_is_reported_that the documentaries about the traditional Chinese culture are well received outside China. →The documentaries about the traditional Chinese culture are_reported_to_be_well_received outside China. 素养目标——建模解题思维，续写路径探寻 |对接主题——体育运动| 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 [1] It was cool and bright and just right for running.I was in the first few miles of a 10-mile race through some hills.Birds were singing on the trees.The soft wind was brushing my cheeks.I felt rested and springy.Despite the hills, I thought it was going to be a fine run.❶ [2] Ahead was Blake, a student from Burke High School.He was running easily, too, moving along efficiently.The pace felt comfortable, so I decided to stay where he was; why bother concentrating on pace when Blake was such a nice pacesetter for me？❷ I would overtake Blake later on when he used up energy. [3] So I ran closely behind him.The course headed north for five miles, wandered west for a mile, and then turned south again.The race was getting tougher.With three miles to go, it was beginning to be real hard work.My lungs were on fire, and legs felt like stone.❸ [4] Blake overtook the boy in front of him.Apparently he knew the boy, for they exchanged a few words.Their brief communication worried me.Runners don't chat during a race unless they feel really good, and Blake plainly was.There was still a noticeable bounce in his steps, but the springiness I had once possessed was gone. [5] Still, I was close enough to overtake Blake if he was tired, so I didn't give up hope completely.We were approaching a hill, a mile from the finish line, so whatever happened on the hill would almost certainly determine who crossed it first. [6] As I moved up the hill, my attention wandered for a few minutes.When I looked up, Blake was moving away, first five yards, then ten, then more.There was no hope of catching Blake. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；　2.请按如下格式作答。 Suddenly Blake slowed and sat onto the ground painfully.___ ______________________ ________________________________________________________________________ A reporter took a picture of this moving scene and posted it online.__________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 　　　 一、读文路径 1．把握结构主旨 2．抓住5W1H who I and Blake. what I chose Blake as ①a_nice_pacesetter in a 10-mile race. when A ②cool_and_bright day. where On some hills. why ③I_would_overtake_Blake later on when he used up energy. how ④There_was_no_hope_of catching up with Blake. 二、思考路径 1．理清故事双线 2．关注伏笔照应 伏笔1：Despite the hills, I thought it was going to be a fine run.(暗示这次越野比赛会意义非凡) 伏笔2：We were approaching a hill, a mile from the finish line, so whatever happened on the hill would almost certainly determine who crossed it first.(暗示在山上事情会发生转机) 伏笔3: There was no hope of catching Blake.(暗示下文作者会拥有超过Blake的机会) 3．吻合语言风格 本续写前文语言运用了心理描写和比喻修辞：文中①②句运用“thought, felt, decided”等心理描写，再结合比赛当天宜人的天气，表述了作者惬意、充满希望的心情；③句采用比喻修辞，描写了作者的肺部像在着火，腿部像石头一样沉重，凸显了作者的体力不支。 三、写作路径 1．主体内容写好 ①请设计作者选择帮助Blake之后的所做所想。 I_thought_for_a_second_and_decided_to_accompany_him_for_a_rest.Then_we_ran_slowly_forward_together.Although_we_ran_slowly_and_were_overtaken_by_others,_I_felt_relaxed_and_we_finally_crossed_the_finish_line_together.The_soft_wind_kissed_our_faces,_as_if_saying_that_it_was_we_that_were_the_highlights_in_the_race. ②请设计作者受到人们表扬之后的所思所想。 While_I_lost_the_race,_I_was_still_on_top_of_the_world_as_lending_a_giving_hand_to_people_in_need_really_made_me_feel_good.Actually,_I_was_a_little_hesitant_at_the_beginning,_but_the_moment_I_decided_to_help_Blake,_I_felt_calm_and_relaxed.Being_a_rainbow_in_somebody_else's_cloud_is_the_best_policy.I'm_happy_that_I_did_the_right_thing.It_was_really_a_fine_run!_ 2．衔接照应写顺(请完成文章续写) Suddenly Blake slowed and sat onto the ground painfully. Then I hurried up and ran up to him, only to find that his leg was cramping.I tried to help him stand up and move forward, but he refused.He asked me to run after the others so that I could get the first place (对应伏笔2和伏笔3)．I thought for a second and decided to accompany him for a rest (心理描写)．Then we ran slowly forward together.Although we ran slowly and were overtaken by others, I felt relaxed (心理描写) and we finally crossed the finish line together.The soft wind kissed our faces, as if saying that it was we that were the highlights in the race (拟人、比喻修辞)． A reporter took a picture of this moving scene and posted it online. During the time, the photo got a lot of likes.Many strangers sent the emails to praise me about the incident.While I lost the race, I was still on top of the world as lending a giving hand to people in need really made me feel good (心理描写)．Actually, I was a little hesitant at the beginning, but the moment I decided to help Blake, I felt calm and relaxed (心理描写)．Being a rainbow in somebody else's cloud is the best policy.I'm happy that I did the right thing (心理描写)．It was really a fine run (对应伏笔1)! 课时作业(一) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Never force your legs to overstretch, or you can cause injuries (受伤)． 2．The moment he entered the school，the freshman applied to be a volunteer for the movement (运动)． 3．Most people walk at an average (平均的) rate of 5 kilometres an hour. 4．Nowadays (现在) more and more middle school students are getting stressed in their studies. 5．I want to travel all over the world, so I need to master (掌握) English first. 6．In our daily routine (常规) our headteacher often warns us of the possible problems we might run into. 7．The colleges grouped together to offer a wider range (范围) of courses. 8．I take possession of three cars and I have the capacity to maintain (维修) them on a regular basis. 9．The athlete didn't win a medal or become a champion (冠军)，but the audience didn't view him as a failure. 10．The young man was eager for a good position (位置) in that company after he graduated. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The headmaster's exciting congratulations (congratulate) on her good performance encouraged her greatly. 2．The storm tends to hit our city，and we will observe the tendency (tend) of it closely. 3．To keep energetic (energy), he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise. 4．To the satisfaction(satisfy) of the boss，his products could satisfy the needs of the customers. 5．Don't hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation (hesitate)． 6．With great efforts, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past one month. 7．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment (equip), allowing more patients to be treated. 8．I am eager to keep myself updated (update) with the latest news by surfing the Internet. 9．It is_announced (announce) that the blog posted by the troll contains much false information. 10．In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being_polluted (pollute), we must do something to protect them. Ⅲ.选词填空 do wonders， over the long term， look forward to， put the finishing touches to， stick with， make up for， in response to， above all， under the weather， no wonder 1．Over_the_long_term,_the stock market news will be good. 2．He has admitted his mistakes and promised to make_up_for the loss. 3．She went over what she had written and put_the_finishing_touches_to the essay. 4．In_response_to the plan, we change our work schedule and habit. 5．Can we make it a little later? I feel under_the_weather. 6．Even if it is simply a simple walk in nature, it will do_wonders for your body. 7．No_wonder you are confused about our table manners, for it is the first time that you have been to China. 8．If you're in a job that keeps you busy and confident, stick_with it. 9．Thanks for your kind consideration and I look_forward_to your earliest reply. 10．And above_all,_believe in yourself and your ability to take control of your future. Ⅳ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)Most importantly, the elderly are the_first_to_taste_the_delicious_ food_on_the_table because they are well respected in China. 最重要的是，老年人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国老年人倍受尊重。 2．(完成句子)Next, listening_to_English_songs is the most popular way. 其次，听英语歌曲是最受欢迎的方式。 3．(完成句子)The_reason_why/for_which_he_was_late was that he got up late. 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 4．(完成句子)No_wonder_he_isn't_hungry,_he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿，他一整天都在吃甜食。 5．(一句多译)据报道，本周日在美术馆将有一个中国剪纸展览。 ①It_is_reported_that there will be a Chinese paper-cutting show this Sunday in the art gallery. ②A Chinese paper-cutting show is_reported_to_be_held this Sunday in the art gallery. Ⅴ.阅读理解 A (2024·衡水调研)Tina Brigham, a 50-year-old store owner from a suburb of Washington, DC, wrestled with the puzzles while waiting for customers.“If it's a 30-minute puzzle, I try to figure it out in 12 minutes，” she said.After several years, she found she could easily put together employees' work schedules in her head.“A lot of stores use an electronic scheduling tool, but I have all the data in my mind，” she said.“I think my brain seems sharper and more focused because of the game.” The games do seem to work.In one 2020 study, Gary Small, chair of psychiatry at Hackensack University Medical Center, found that 1,091 women and men who frequently played cards, bingo, or did crossword puzzles had sharper thinking and memory skills — equivalent to an IQ up to 5.6 points higher — than those who rarely did.The study didn't prove that the puzzles directly led to the higher IQs, but it did show that even people who played these games in their 70s seemed to get brain benefits within a few years. Exactly how games sharpen memory and cognitive function is still something of a mystery.But advances in neuroimaging (神经影像学) allow researchers to study how the brain reacts to all sorts of outside stimulation.Small later included 60 women and men completing Latin squares.As the puzzles grew more difficult with fewer clues, players slowed down and made more mistakes.That's when he discovered something surprising: More regions of the brain got involved, especially in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质区), an area involved with problem-solving, judgment, and memory. Small suggested that if you found yourself debating whether to spend the next 20 minutes taking a walk or playing a brain game, you should choose the walk.Physical activity could help deliver oxygen and fuel to your brain cells.“If you do one thing to help your brain, I'd say it's exercise，” he said.“Getting good sleep and keeping a balanced diet are also important.But brain games work best as part of a whole package of brain-healthy strategies.And remember: A little fun never hurts.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现玩智力游戏可以使人脑更加敏捷，但其原理还有待研究。 1．How does the author introduce the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By sharing a story. B．By comparing facts. C．By reporting findings. D．By presenting figures. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者分享了一家商店的老板执着于玩智力游戏的故事。故可推知，作者通过分享一个故事引出本文话题。 2．What can we know from Gary Small's study? A．Puzzles directly lead to higher IQs. B．People in their 70s benefit more from brain games. C．How games sharpen minds has not been clearly understood. D．Physical activities play an equally important role in brain games. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Exactly how games sharpen memory and cognitive function is still something of a mystery.”可知，目前还不淸楚智力游戏如何使人头脑敏捷。 3．Why does Small mention good sleep and a balanced diet in the last paragraph? A．To advocate good sleep and a balanced diet. B．To advise what we should do to keep healthy. C．To stress the importance of good sleep and a balanced diet. D．To explain that brain games function best as part of brain-healthy strategies. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，Small提及睡眠与饮食是为了引出智力游戏在头脑健康策略中的重要作用。 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Puzzles make brains sharp and focused. B．Physical activities play an important role in sharp thinking. C．Brain games are beneficial to memory skills and cognitive function. D．Sharp memory and cognitive function depend largely on brain games. 解析：选C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了研究人员发现玩智力游戏在一定程度上可以使人脑更加敏捷，但其中原理还有待研究。故C项最符合文章的主旨大意。 B (2024·连云港模拟)Hybrid workers take more exercise, get more sleep and eat healthier, according to a study conducted by IWG, a workspace provider. A survey of 2,000 people who became hybrid workers — meaning they spend only part of their week commuting (通勤) into a city-centre office — found that they now had more time for fitness, cooking and sleep. Dr Sara Kayat, a General Practitioner (普通科医生) of National Health Service, said, “There is no doubt that hybrid working has facilitated some major health benefits.A balanced diet, physical activity and good quality sleep are the bedrocks of a healthy lifestyle.” The study included people using local working centers and working from home.It found that the average hybrid worker was now getting 4.7 hours of exercise a week, compared with 3.4 hours before hybrid working, with the most common forms of exercise being walking, running and strength training. They are also sleeping longer, with the additional time in bed each morning adding up to 71 extra hours a year. Eating habits also reportedly improved, with 54 per cent saying they had more time to spend cooking nutritious meals during the week, and 46 per cent and 44 per cent eating more fruit and vegetables respectively. Some 27 per cent said they had lost weight, and 66 per cent said their mental health was good because of the shift to hybrid working. IWG said that demand for its workspaces outside city centres had grown by 36 per cent in 2022.Mark Dixon, the company's chief executive, said, “This study confirms what we have been seeing for a while now — how hybrid working is building and maintaining a healthier and happier workforce by reducing the need for long daily commutes.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了采用混合型工作制的员工锻炼更多、睡眠更多、饮食更健康，并介绍了相关的调查以及结果。 5．What does the underlined word“bedrocks”in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Methods. B．Results. C．Foundations. D．Obstacles. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“A balanced diet, physical activity and good quality sleep are”以及后文“a healthy lifestyle”并结合常识可知，均衡的饮食、体育锻炼和高质量的睡眠是健康生活方式的基础。故画线词意为“基础”。 6．What benefits does hybrid working bring according to the study? A．Twice as much exercise as before. B．71 hours of extra sleeping time monthly. C．2/3 workers' mental health getting improved. D．Half workers' weight loss with a balanced diet. 解析：选C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，根据这项研究，混合型工作制带来的好处是三分之二的职工心理健康状况得到改善。 7．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Hybrid working no longer requires a commute. B．Hybrid working has become increasingly popular. C．IWG will relocate its workspaces outside the city centre. D．IWG doesn't welcome the changes caused by hybrid working. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，混合型工作制越来越受欢迎。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Hybrid working — flexible working hours B．Hybrid workers — fitter and much happier C．Hybrid working — higher working efficiency D．Hybrid workers — lazier but more productive 解析：选B　标题归纳题。结合全文内容，特别是文章第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了采用混合型工作制的员工锻炼更多、睡眠更多、饮食更健康。故B选项“混合型工作制工人——更健康，更快乐”最适合文章标题。 课时作业(二) Ⅰ.阅读七选五 In the wintertime, runners in northern climates must decide whether to continue exercising outdoors or move inside to a treadmill (跑步机)．Basically, running in cold temperatures is — for most people — a safe and effective workout.Let's check the health benefits of running in cold weather below. Running in cold weather can energize the body.By doing this, you tend to be more active.__1__ Furthermore, take note to always have your meals before running in cold weather.Then, your food will be changed into energy for sure. In fact, running can be great to promote the healthy heart.__2__ Cold weather can promote the heart to work harder and enhance the good blood regulation in the body.Indeed, it will help to make the stronger heart muscle during the cold weather. __3__ In short, your body needs to work harder to keep warm, which will cost more calories.Running in cold weather may burn 2,000 more calories per day on average, compared to 1,000 calories in warm weather.By running more over winter, you could actually enjoy an extra benefit — weight loss. Another benefit you can get from running in cold weather is to prevent earlier aging.You may be surprised with this one.But, this is linked with the ability of cold-weather running to reduce the tendency for the body to experience the mass of bone and muscle wasting.__4__ Interesting enough, running during cold weather can help you to lift the mood up.__5__ It is surveyed that running outdoors in winter can achieve less depression.Moreover, when the weather gives you cold, in contrast, the body gets warmer during running or workout.As a result, you will feel happier for sure. A．Admittedly, cold weather can help burn calories. B．Therefore, it is time to try this one to live young. C．It will help to promote the energy building in the body. D．This is linked to the food satisfaction in the cold weather. E．But, if you run in cold weather, it will boost the benefit more. F．The cold weather can reduce heat stress and make an easier run. G．It is linked to the wet and the air feeling which makes you feel calm. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷的天气中跑步对健康产生的益处。 1．解析：选C　上文提到在寒冷的天气跑步会让你变得更活跃，C项“这将有助于提升身体所需的能量”与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。“it”指代上文“doing this”。 2．解析：选E　上文指出跑步可以促进心脏健康；下文提到，寒冷天气会让心脏更加努力工作。由此推知，如果在冬季跑步，好处会更多。故E项“但是，如果你在寒冷的天气里跑步，它会让你受益更多”符合语境。 3．解析：选A　空处为本段主旨句。下文具体介绍了在寒冷的天气里跑步会消耗更多卡路里。由此可知，A项“诚然，寒冷的天气可以帮助消耗卡路里”符合语境。 4．解析：选B　空处位于段末，应承接上文。上文说明了冬季跑步可以减少对身体骨骼和肌肉的消耗，B项“因此，是时候尝试这个方法保持年轻了”与上文构成因果关系，并呼应本段主题。 5．解析：选G　上文说明冬季跑步可以使人拥有好情绪，G项“这和潮湿以及使你觉得平静的空气感觉有关”是对冬季跑步可以提升情绪的解释说明，与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。 Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·深圳模拟)Ballet was a way of life in Kelly's family.Her elder sister Serena was now dancing at a top college.Though Kelly's mom always wanted her to follow in her sister's footsteps and Kelly herself was good at ballet, her love for ballet had faded years before, and she was eager for a new challenge. One day at school, as Kelly left the dance studio，she walked past the gym, fascinated by boxers (拳击手) training inside the boxing ring.She was deeply impressed by how hard they hit and how fast they moved.In fact, she'd long been attracted to boxing. She pulled a piece of paper from her backpack.On the familiar Oakwood High School Club Sign-up Sheet was the phrase: BOXING CLUB TRYOUT (选拔)．That was what Kelly really wanted to do.She knew her mom had high expectations for her when it came to ballet.Tired of trying to keep up with her sister, Kelly was ready to carve her own path. The next day, she gathered her courage and told Serena about her new passion.At first, Serena didn't understand and thought she was just joking.But when she saw Kelly was serious, she replied，“You know Mom wants you to be a ballet dancer, right? Besides, boxing is only for boys, and you're so good at ballet.Lean into your strength, Kelly.” “But this is where I want to put my strength，”Kelly insisted，“and what exactly does ‘only for boys’ mean, anyway? Boxing is a sport for everyone！” Gradually, touched by her determination and passion, Serena began to understand and support her.Kelly could feel it.Her sister was going to respect her decision, no matter what.But that was nothing compared to the preparations for the tryout, where she was required to show her footwork and punching (击打) abilities with other candidates.Boxing didn't come naturally to Kelly, but she had made up her mind to stick with her choice. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Then Kelly began her training for the tryout, keeping it a secret from her mom.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The following Monday, results of the boxing tryout came out.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Then Kelly began her training for the tryout, keeping it a secret from her mom.The training spot was filled with boys and she was the only female.It felt so odd when she had to pump hard and stand in a typical boxing position.However, it didn't affect her determination at all.Day by day she was building up her strength.When the big day for tryout came, she knew she was ready for it.Only one thing troubled her determined mind, which was how to tell the truth to her mom. The following Monday, results of the boxing tryout came out.Kelly's name was printed on the top of the list.She smiled to herself inwardly.Hard work paid off.The only problem left was to convince her mom that boxing was her real passion and she wished to pursue what she loved to do.Serena promised to help her when she broke the news.At first Mom was startled and furious that Kelly cheated on her.However, gradually she sensed that it was time to let her child follow their own heart to do something they persisted.She started to appreciate that her daughter actually outgrew her wit. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$