选择性必修3 UNIT4 课堂学案(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

词汇1　enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm (enthusiastic) for the theater with others. ②Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. ③When I visited the village, the local people were very enthusiastic _to_tell (tell) me a legend. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)be/become enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 热衷于……；对(做)某事热心 be enthusiastic to do sth.　 热衷于做某事 (2)enthusiasm n. 热情；热心 have an/the enthusiasm to do sth. 有做某事的热情 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(话题写作之体育运动)Initially, on watching the Winter Olympics Games in Beijing, I became enthusiastic_about_skating. 起初，在北京观看冬奥会时，我对滑冰产生了热情。 ⑤(应用文之申请信) I am not_only_full_of_enthusiasm_but_also_easy_to_get_along/on_with,_which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper. 我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。 ⑥(续写之动作描写)Every morning, Sam is_so_enthusiastic_to_begin his day that he jumps out of bed and begins to sing. 每天早上，山姆都如此热衷于开始他的一天，以至于他从床上跳起来并开始唱歌。 词汇2　assign vt.分派；布置；分配 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①The reporter was assigned to_cover (cover)international news. ②We believe the time and hard work involved in completing such an assignment (assign)are worthwhile. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)assign sb.to do sth.　 安排/分配某人做某事 assign sth.to sb.＝assign sb.sth. 把某事安排给某人 be assigned to ... 被指派/被分配给…… (2)assignment n. 分派；布置；(分配的)任务 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ③(续写之动作描写)Without much time left, I finished_the_assignment in a hurry. 时间不多了，我匆忙地完成了这项任务。 ④(话题写作之人际交往)Mr Smith decided to assign_the_important_task_to whoever had a strong sense of responsibility.史密斯先生决定把这个重要的任务安排给那些有强烈责任感的人。 ⑤(续写之情绪描写)After finishing the book assigned_by_my_English_teacher,_I felt a growing sense of excitement and curiosity.读完英语老师布置的书后，我感到越来越兴奋和好奇。 词汇3　envy n．&vt.羡慕；妒忌 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①I really envy you for the opportunity to do so much traveling. ②You can never be happy if you are envious (envy)of other people. ③He said with envy，“I feel envy at you，because you are leading such a happy life.” ④I envied him achieving(achieve) such good results in this exam. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)feel envy at ...　　　　 对……感到妒忌 out of envy 出于妒忌 with envy 妒忌(常作状语) (2)envy sb.(for) sth. 羡慕/妒忌某人有某物 envy sb. doing sth. 羡慕某人做某事 (3)envious adj. 妒忌的；羡慕的 be envious of 羡慕；妒忌 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑤(续写之场景描写)It was not out_of_envy,_because he got the prize and I did not, that quarrelled with Coretti this morning. 今天早上和科雷蒂吵架并不是出于妒忌，因为他获奖了，而我没有。 ⑥(续写之情节描述)A gifted boy _was_enthusiastic_about music.Because of his talent, he was_assigned_to_perform in the campus music festival so he desperately needed a banjo. Unfortunately,_his family couldn't afford to buy one.One day, he entered a shop, looking at a banjo with_envy.Knowing what happened, the good­tempered shopkeeper volunteered to help him.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段) 一个有天赋的男孩对音乐充满热情。由于他的天赋，他被安排去校园音乐节表演，所以他迫切需要一把班卓琴。不幸的是，他的家庭负担不起买一把。一天，他走进一家商店，羡慕地看着班卓琴。知道发生了什么事，这位脾气好的店主自愿帮助他。 词汇4　abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Please keep in mind that those who abandon themselves (they) to despair can't succeed. ②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon. ③Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon) bricks of different ages. ④They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……；纵情于…… abandon doing sth.　　　　 放弃做某事 (2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地 (3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 be abandoned to 沉湎于…… 名师指津：短语be abandoned to中，to为介词，其后要跟名词或动名词。 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/句式升级)　 ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)I still remembered my friends' promise so I went_past_the_abandoned_milking_house to see if they had fixed the broken window. 我仍然记得朋友们的承诺，所以我走过废弃的挤奶间，看看他们是否修好了坏的窗户。 ⑥(续写之情节描写)He abandoned himself to the Internet games and didn't get good grades in the exam. →Abandoning_himself_to_the_Internet_games,_he didn't get good grades in the exam.(现在分词短语作状语) →Abandoned_to_the_Internet_games,_he didn't get good grades in the exam.(过去分词短语作状语) 词汇5　give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(介、副词填空)　 ①The flowers are beautiful and give off a sweet fragrance, which attracts many visitors. ②When we were only a few miles from our destination, the petrol gave _out. ③He finally gave in to his daughter's repeated requests to further her education abroad. ④We soon made enough hats and gave them away to the old people, who needed these things badly. |系|统|归|纳|　 give in to sb.　　 向某人投降/屈服/让步 give out 耗尽；分发；用光；筋疲力尽 give up 放弃；认输 give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交 give away 泄露；赠送 give back 归还；交还；恢复 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑤(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I tried to persuade him that just being afraid of being laughed at was no reason to give_up. 我试图说服他，仅仅害怕被嘲笑并不是放弃的理由。 ⑥(话题写作之活动介绍)Although their strength was giving_out,_no competitors gave_up halfway. 尽管他们的力气快要耗尽，但没有参赛者半途放弃。 ⑦(续写之环境描写)Under_the_guidance_of the guide, an expedition moved on into a forest where trees were tall and the wild flowers _gave_off a fragrant perfume.They _abandoned_themselves_to the beautiful scenes.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段)在导游的带领下，一支探险队进入了一片森林，那里树木高大，野花散发着芳香。他们沉浸在美丽的景色中。 句式　without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)在without含蓄虚拟结构中，如果与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用would/could/might＋have done；与现在事实相反的假设，则用would/could/might＋do。 (2)含蓄虚拟条件句还可以用but for, otherwise, or, but等词(词组)来引导。 (3)otherwise, or构成的含蓄虚拟语气模式为“真实情况＋otherwise/or＋虚拟情况”；而but构成的含蓄虚拟语气模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(变换句式)　 ①I wouldn't have got good grades in the examination if you hadn't helped me. →I wouldn't have got good grades in the examination without_your_help.(without) ②If my parents hadn't lent me the money, I couldn't have afforded the trip. →My parents lent me the money. Otherwise,_I_couldn't_have_afforded_the_trip.(otherwise) ③If you hadn't just rescued him in time, the boy would have been drowned. →But_for_your_timely_rescue,_the boy would have been drowned.(but for) |应|用|写|美|　 ④(经典结尾句)要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。 But_for_this_experience,_I_wouldn't_have_realized_that I should spend more time with my family. ⑤(应用文之感谢信)如果没有你的帮助，我们不可能解决这个问题。 →Without_your_help,_we couldn't have worked this problem out.(without) →If_you_hadn't_helped_us,_we couldn't have worked this problem out.(条件句的虚拟语气) 素养目标——精读真题语篇，阅读多维提能 　|对接主题——正确的人生态度| (2024·1月九省联考卷·阅读理解C篇)In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments. However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell_out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it. These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. 　　 [真题再做] 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。 1．What is the author's attitude toward Carnegie's understanding of argument? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Tolerant. D．Uncertain. 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据第一段中“This distaste for arguments ... in the first place.”可知，作者对于卡耐基对争论的看法持批判态度。 2．Why do many people try to avoid arguments? A．They lack debating skills. B．They may feel bad even if they win. C．They fear being ignored. D．They are not confident in themselves. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights ... tennis tournaments.”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕。 3．What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Defend. B．Explain. C．Conclude. D．Repeat. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句中的“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell out意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。 4．What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author? A．Sense of logic. B．Solid supporting evidence. C．Proper manners. D．Understanding from both sides. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust ... an argument.”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解。 [多维提能] 一、题型思维建模 观点态度题解题攻略(以第1题为例) 1．警惕易错易误——鱼目混珠 本题易误选C。部分考生容易仅根据首段中的“and that is to avoid it”卡耐基对争论的态度就误选C项，而忽略了本题所问的是作者的态度。 2．内化题型技法——区分个人观点与作者观点 有时作者在表达对某一事物或现象等的观点、看法或态度时，往往会引用其他内容来说明，如果所引用的内容也包含观点或态度，这时就需要区分文章引用的和作者本身想要传达的观点或态度。通常情况下，引用的内容或前或后会有作者的说明性或评论性内容。 以本题为例，文章首段中引用卡耐基的名言来引出文章主题即争论，其中很明显看出卡耐基对争论的态度是避免它，但根据其后内容中的“but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments ... misses the point of arguing in the first place”可以看出，作者对“避免争论”这一态度是持批判性的。 二、词汇拓展训练 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully.n.态度；立场；观点 ②(构词法)If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange ...vt.重新调整；稍作改变 ③(熟词生义) ... then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. n．本质；性质 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①come to the conclusion　 得出结论 ②get the best of 占上风；战胜 ③in the first place 首先，最初 ④end up no better off 结果也好不到哪里去 ⑤come out 出现 ⑥strength and weakness 优点和缺点 三、长难句式破译 1．When you state your position, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. 抓标志：从属连词when；连接词what,_whether；并列连词and 判类型：时间状语从句＋主句(由and连接的两个祈使句且各包含一个宾语从句) 试翻译：当你陈述自己的立场时，为你的主张阐述一个论点，并诚实地问自己你的论点是否有益。 2．These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. 抓标志：此处破折号的作用解释说明；连接词why 判类型：主干(主谓宾宾补)＋伴随状语(包含一个宾语从句) 试翻译：这些工具可以帮助你赢得每一场争论——不是在击败对手的无益的意义上，而是从更好的意义上了解人们的分歧，了解他们为什么不同意我们的观点，并学会与他们交谈和合作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$