选择性必修2 UNIT 4 课堂学案(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

词汇1　arise vi.起身；出现；由……引起；起床 |题|点|盘|查|　(写出下列各句中arise的含义) ①We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.出现 ②Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.由……引起 ③When I arose from the chair, my father and Eleanor's father were in deep conversation.起身 |系|统|归|纳|　 　由……引起；从……产生 易混辨析： 原形 词性词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 arise (vi.)出现；发生；起身 arose arisen arising rise (vi.)升起；增长；上升 rose risen rising raise (vt.)举起；抚养；饲养；募集 raised raised raising arouse (vt.)唤醒；激起 aroused aroused arousing 对比填空(arise/rise/raise/arouse) ④Death rates from heart disease have risen_ considerably in recent years. ⑤The problem arose from lack of experience. ⑥You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history. ⑦We hold a dance every year to raise money for charity. |应|用|表|达|———————————— (完成句子/一句多译)　 ⑧(话题写作之人际关系)We can draw the conclusion that good manners arise_from/out_of_politeness_ and respect for others. 我们可以得出这样的结论：良好的举止来自对他人的礼貌和尊重。 ⑨(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Indeed, I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance, whatever_difficulties_might_arise. 事实上，我尝到了胜利的滋味，学会了无论遇到什么困难，都要坚持不懈地追求梦想。 ⑩(话题写作之学校生活)休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。 →At break, our head teacher got down to dealing with the matters which/that_arose_from/out_of_his_class.(定语从句) →At break, our head teacher got down to dealing with the matters arising_from/out_of_his_class.(分词短语作定语) 词汇2　freeze vi.& vt.结冰；(使)冻住；吓呆 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing (freeze) fog hung in the air. ②My heart froze(freeze)in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. ③There is no comparison between frozen_(freeze) food and fresh food. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)freeze to death　　　　　 冻得要死 (2)freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的 freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的 freezing point 冰点 (3)frozen adj. 冷藏的；冷冻的 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(续写之场景描写)At the sight of the terrifying scene, I froze_with_terror,_too scared to move an inch. 一看到这个令人害怕的场景，我吓得僵住了，害怕地一动不能动。 ⑤(续写之环境描写)It was_freezing_cold_outside,_with chilling wind whistling wildly. 外面很冷，寒风呼啸。 ⑥(续写之情感描写)Seeing him in great pain, we almost felt_our_blood_frozen. 看到他非常痛苦，我们几乎感到自己的血液凝固了。 词汇3　astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①The skies and lands were alive with an astonishing (astonish) variety of wildlife. ②I was astonished (astonish) to see a thin face, so familiar, yet now lit up with joy and confidence. ③His eyebrows rose in absolute astonishment (astonish) when he saw such a shocking scene. ④To his surprise, someone from the station called him back right away.astonishment |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)astonished adj.　　　　 感到惊讶的 对……感到惊讶 (2)astonishment n. 惊讶 to one's astonishment 使某人惊讶的是 in/with astonishment 惊讶地；吃惊地 (3)astonishing adj. 惊人的；令人吃惊的 |应|用|表|达|————————————(一句多译/补全语段) 　 ⑤(话题写作之家庭生活)父母没有因他的失败而责备他，这使他很吃惊。 →His parents didn't scold him for his failure, which_astonished_him.(定语从句) →It_was_astonishing_for_him_that his parents didn't scold him for his failure.(astonishing; it作形式主语) →What_astonished_him_was_that his parents didn't scold him for his failure.(what 引导的主语从句) →To_his_astonishment,_his parents didn't scold him for his failure.(astonishment) ⑥(续写之场景描写)It was freezing_cold outside with white frost on the ground. But what happened next was pure astonishing. He took off his shoes and threw them aside, which took_their_breath_away. They didn't anticipate_him_doing this.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段) 外面很冷，地上覆盖着白霜。但接下来发生的事情完全令人震惊，他脱下鞋子扔到一边，这让他们大吃一惊。他们没想到他这样做。 词汇4　owe vt.欠(账、债、情等) |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①He had expensive tastes, and owed a lot of money shopkeepers. ②And he owed his success Mrs Brown's encouragement. Without her encouragement, his life might be very different now. ③Bernard owed to the so kind family that he could earn some money to help support his poor family. ④Sara was late for school because of the heavy rain.owing_to/due_to |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)owe sb.sth.　　 欠某人某物 owe sth.to sb. 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人 (2)owe it to sb.to do/that ...　 把……归功于某人 名师指津：(1)如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在后面。(2)表示“因为”的短语：owing to；due to；thanks to；because of。 |应|用|表|达|　(完成句子/一句多译/句式升级) ⑤(应用文之道歉信)I_owe_you_an_apology/owe_an_apology_to_you for not going to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. 我欠你一个道歉，因为周五下午我不能和你一起去书店了。 ⑥(话题写作之人际交往)由于同事们的帮助，他进步很快。 →Thanks_to_the_help_from_his_colleagues,_he has made rapid progress.(thanks to) →Owing_to_the_help_from_his_colleagues,_he has made rapid progress.(owing to) →It_is_owing_to_the_help_from_his_colleagues that he has made rapid progress.(强调句) ⑦(应用文之感谢信)I owe my great progress in English learning to you. →I_owe_it_to_you_that_I_have_made great progress in English learning.(用owe it to sb. that改写) →I_owe_it_to_you_to_have_made great progress in English learning.(用owe it to sb. to do改写) 词汇5　take sb.'s breath away令人惊叹 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①My first view of the island from the air took my (I) breath away. ②By mile 17, I became out breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. ③Nearing the doorway, Jenny took deep breath. |系|统|归|纳|　 hold one's breath　　　　 屏住呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 气喘吁吁 catch one's breath 屏息；喘口气 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ④(续写之动作描写)When we paused to catch_our_breath,_Steve got down on one knee. 当我们停下来喘口气时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。 ⑤(续写之人物描写)Owing_to his passion for adventure, he decided to climb a_high_peak_located_in_the_border of the country. When arriving, he was fascinated by its spectacular_scenery. With the peak surrounded_by_the_mist,_it seemed a fairyland, which took_his_breath_away.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段) 由于对冒险的热爱，他决定攀登一座位于国界上的高峰。到达时，他被那里壮观的景色迷住了。山峰被薄雾包围，仿佛仙境，让他感到惊叹。 句式1　rather than 连接并列成分 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)rather than常用的句型： (2)rather than为并列连词，表示选择，意为“而不是”。它通常用在平行结构中，连接两个并列的句子成分，即rather than 前后两部分在成分和形式上应该一致。 (3)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称与数上保持一致。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings rather than harm (harm) them. ②Lucy is fond of going shopping rather than staying (stay) at home on weekends. ③You, rather than your colleague, are (be) to blame for the accident. |应|用|写|美|　 ④(主旨升华句)当你面临挑战时，试着把注意力集中在实际问题上，而不是你对它的感受。 When you're facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather_than_how_you_feel_about_it. ⑤(话题写作之生活态度)尽管面对许多巨大的困难，但我宁愿失败也不愿放弃。 →In spite of many massive difficulties, I_would_rather_fail_than_give_up. (would rather do ...than do ...) →In spite of many massive difficulties, I_would_fail_rather_than_give_up.(would do ...rather than do ...) →In spite of many massive difficulties, I_prefer_to_fail_rather_than_give_up. (prefer to do ...rather than do ...) 句式2　　 It is/was not until ...that ... |要|点|解|读|　 (1)“not until ...”常用于强调句型中，其结构为“It is/was not until ...that ...”。 (2)此句型中，若not until置于句首时，句子用倒装语序。 名师指津：主句用部分倒装，从句语序不变。 |习|练|规|则|————————————(完成句子/句式升级)　 ①Not until recently have_I_known that a little pet can be such a helpful assistant to a helpless mom. 直到最近我才知道，一只小宠物可以成为一位无助母亲的一个很有帮助的助手。 ②I didn't notice the boy could see nothing until then. →Not_until_then_did_I_notice the boy could see nothing.(倒装句) →It_was_not_until_then_that_I_noticed the boy could see nothing.(强调句) ③He didn't return to his hometown until 1998. →It_was_not_until_1998_that_he_returned to his hometown.(强调句型) →Not_until_1998_did_he_return to his hometown.(倒装句) |应|用|写|美|　 ④(续写结尾句)直到那时我才放松地呼出一口气，筋疲力尽但是十分快乐。 It_was_not_until_then_that I breathed a sigh of relief, exhausted but delighted. ⑤(续写之情节描写)直到夜晚擦去了最后一缕阳光，我们才完成了为无家可归者提供的社区服务。 It_was_not_until_ the night wiped out the last ray of sun that we finished our community service for the homeless. 素养目标——聚焦热考主题，表达技能升格(主题：自然环境) 一、主题下的教材经典语段赏析 1．赏衔接之美 (摘自外研版选择性必修1) In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.He also worked as a presenter for the National Geographic Channel, before going on to write a book about his experiences. 赏析：作者使用In addition to和also引出了一系列的动作：blog, take, write, work as，此处动作的连用条理清晰，生动并形象地描绘出了他为了保护大堡礁所做出的不懈努力。 2．赏写作手法之美 (摘自外研版选择性必修3)The glare has gone and no touch of the disturbing remains.But the snow is falling heavily, in great soft flakes, so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley, and the roofs are thick and the trees all bending, and the weathercock of the village church, still to be seen through the grey loaded air, has become some creature out of Hans Andersen. 赏析：作者使用了大量形容词和副词描写雪景，并采用了直接和间接描写的写作手法。使用“falling heavily, in great soft flakes”直接描写雪的形态：大片柔软的雪花铺天盖地地飘落。通过描写周围的环境间接地描写了雪景：使用the roofs are thick描写周围房屋的屋顶上积了厚厚的雪；使用 the trees all bending描写树木被压得弯下腰来；使用“hardly see across the shallow valley, the grey loaded air”描写大雪的场景；用汉斯·安徒生笔下的生物借代描写教堂上风信鸡的美丽与奇特，描绘出一个雪后的童话世界。 [针对练笔] 　(完成句子/补全语段) ①In_addition_to_participating_in running and swimming, he has_also_developed a habit of having a balanced diet. 除了参加跑步、游泳外，他还养成了均衡饮食的习惯。 ②The_vast_white_snowflakes fell from the sky, gently_covering the entire land.The snowflakes were_pure_white_and_soft,_creating a soft sound as they landed.The cold winter wind blew_by,_carrying a chilling sensation in the air.The landscape was_coated_with_a thin layer of white snow, transforming the world into a quiet and peaceful place. 大片洁白的雪花纷纷扬扬地从天空中飘落下来，轻轻地覆盖了整个大地。雪花洁白而柔软，落在地面上发出轻柔的声音。冬日的寒风吹过，空气中弥漫着冰冷的气息。大地上的景物被一层薄薄的白雪覆盖着，整个世界都变得安静、祥和。 二、主题下的语段写作训练 结合主题，完成下面的自然环境描写语段。 自然是我们最大的财富，保护自然环境和自然遗产对于确保我们的地球和子孙后代的生存至关重要。我们必须采取行动保护自然资源，包括构成我们环境的森林、野生动物和水资源。此外，我们必须保护自然遗产，如标志性景观、稀有物种和文化传统，这些都是我们地球生物多样性不可替代的组成部分。只有通过保护，我们才能确保我们的地球为子孙后代保持健康和可持续发展。 Nature is our greatest wealth, and preserving our natural environment and heritage is crucial for ensuring the survival of our planet and future generations.We must take action to protect our natural resources, including the forests, wildlife, and water resources that make up our environment.Furthermore, we must safeguard our natural heritage, such as iconic landscapes, rare species, and cultural traditions, which are irreplaceable components of our planet's biodiversity.Only through conservation can we ensure that our planet remains healthy and sustainable for generations to come. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$