选择性必修2 UNIT 3 课堂学案(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

词汇1　a ssociation n．协会；关联；联合；合伙 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①We are working in association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless who are affected by the earthquake. ②Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care. ③(2023·浙江1月高考)Thanks to Beijing's long history as the capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated (associate) with historic events. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)in association with　　 与……联合/有关联 (2)associate v. 联系；联想 associate ...with ... 把……与……联系起来 associate with sb. 与某人交往/联系 (3)associated adj. 有关联的；有联系的 be associated with 与……有关 名师指津：associate还可作形容词，意为“副的；联合的；合伙的”。 |应|用|表|达|——————(完成句子/句式升级/补全语段) ④(续写之场景描写)I always associate the smell of baking with_my_childhood. 一闻到烘烤食物的味道，我就想起了童年。 ⑤(话题写作之健康生活)There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking. →There are many serious health problems associated_with_smoking.(非谓语动词短语作定语) ⑥(应用文之活动邀请)The Spoken English Club situated on the ground floor in our library has been set up in_association_with our foreign teachers, who associate_our_fluent_English_with_more_active_practice. So join our club right now, where not only can you improve your spoken English but you can also learn how_to_associate_with_others. 与外教合作，位于我们图书馆一楼的英语口语俱乐部已经成立了，外教把我们流利的英语和更积极的练习联系在一起。因此，现在加入我们俱乐部吧，在这里你不仅可以提高英语口语，而且可以学会如何与其他人交往。 词汇2　quantity n．数量；数额 |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①Nowadays, large quantities (quantity) of energy and resources are consumed, so recycling and reusing are necessary. ②A large quantity of pork is (be) used by the chef working in the school canteen every day. ③Large quantities of desserts are (be) consumed by the madam, who receives more calories than necessary. ④After some initial problems, this kind of products was successfully produced in large amounts.in_quantity |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)a large/small quantity of　　　 大/少量的 (large) quantities of 大量的 in large quantities 大量；大批 (2)in quantity＝in large amounts 大量地 名师指津： (1)“large quantities/amounts of＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数；“a large quantity/amount of＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 (2)a large quantity of/large quantities of其后可跟可数名词的复数，也可以跟不可数名词。 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ⑤(应用文之推荐信)I'd like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination, because_Chengdu_has_a_large_quantity_of/large_quantities_of_tourist_attractions,_such as Dujiangyan. 我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。 ⑥(话题写作之环境保护)随着更多的森林被破坏，每年都有大量的肥沃的土壤被冲走。 →With more forests destroyed, a large quantity of good earth is_being_washed_away each year. →With more forests destroyed, large quantities of good earth are_being_washed_away each year. 词汇3　trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏；恶作剧v.欺骗；哄骗 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①Realizing he had been_tricked (trick), the prince returned the daughter to her mother. ②An advertiser might be trying to trick customers into buying a product or a service. ③If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. ④I tried all kinds of things, and nothing worked. did_the_trick |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)play tricks/a trick on sb.　 　 搞恶作剧；开玩笑 do the trick 奏效；起作用 the trick of ... ……的诀窍 取笑…… (2)trick sb. |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑤(续写之情绪描写)The naughty boy played_tricks/a_trick_on the shy girl, making her cheeks flame with anger.那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，使她气得两颊通红。 ⑥(续写之情节描写)The crow was_tricked_into_singing by the fox, leaving its meat lost. 狐狸哄骗乌鸦唱歌，结果乌鸦弄丢了它的肉。 ⑦(话题写作之健康生活)One_of_the_tricks_of keeping healthy is having a balanced diet. People often associate_health_with_diverse_food. Therefore, your diet should _consist_of all kinds of healthy food. You'd better consume_a_proper_quantity_of vegetables and fruits.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段)保持健康的诀窍之一是有均衡的饮食。人们经常把健康与多样的食物联系在一起。因此，你的饮食应该包括各种健康食品。你最好吃适当数量的蔬菜和水果。 词汇4　consist of由……组成(或构成) |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own. ②The information perfectly consists with our friend's account. ③Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent_ (consist)basis. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)consist in　　　　　　 在于；存在于 consist with＝be consistent with 与……一致 (2)consistent adj. 一致的；相符的；连续的 be consistent with 与……一致 consistently adv. 一贯地；一致地 inconsistent adj. 不一致的 名师指津：consist of 没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态，但可以用其现在分词形式作定语。 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ④(主旨升华句)Life mainly consists_of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists_in struggle. 人生主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐在于奋斗。 ⑤由12名救援人员组成的救援队受到了当地政府的表扬。 →The rescue team that/which_consisted_of_12_rescue_workers was praised by the local government.(定语从句) →The rescue team consisting_of_12_rescue_workers was praised by the local government.(现在分词短语作定语) 词汇5　as a result因此；结果 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①As a result, he fell off the bicycle and had his left ankle twisted. ②Millions will face starvation next year as a result of the drought. ③Nowadays some students care too much about high grades, resulting in their suffering from huge mental pressure. ④Many health problems result from what you eat. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)as a result of ...　　 作为……的结果；由于…… (2)result in 导致；造成 result from 由……造成；起因于 易混辨析：　result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑤(续写之情绪描写)Hundred-dollar bills fell onto the table. As_a_result,_tears of gratitude welled in my eyes as I counted. 一百美元的数张钞票掉到了桌子上。结果，当我数的时候，感激的泪水涌上了我的眼睛。 ⑥(续写之动作描写)He walks with great care as_a_result_of his leg injuries. 他的腿上受过伤，所以走路很小心。 ⑦(话题写作之自然灾害)An_exceptional_flood hit the province, _resulting_in_ a great loss. As_a_result,_many rescue teams consisting_of rescue workers from all over the country volunteered to come to rescue local people. A_large_quantity_of_ relief was sent there.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段)这个省遭遇罕见的洪水，造成了严重的损失。因此，许多由来自全国各地的救援人员组成的救援队自愿前来救助当地的人民。大量的救援物资被送到那里。 句式1　祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”是一个固定句式。其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and/or/otherwise之后的句子相当于主句。 (2)并列连词要根据前后两句之间的逻辑关系选择。 (3)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”也可以转换为“名词＋and＋陈述句”结构。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(一句多译)　 ①如果你更加努力学习，在学习上你就会成功。 →Work_harder,_and you will succeed in your studies.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) →If_you_work_harder,_you will succeed in your studies.(条件句) →Working_harder,_you will succeed in your studies.(现在分词短语作状语) ②好好准备考试，否则你就不会取得好成绩。 →Prepare_for_your_exam_well,_or/otherwise you'll not get good grades.(祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句) →If_you_don't_prepare_for_your_exam_well,_you'll not get good grades.(条件句) →You will not get good grades unless_you_prepare_for_your_exam_well.(unless) |应|用|写|美|　 ③(话题写作之人际交往)把收音机的声音调小些，不然会把邻居吵醒。 Turn_your_radio_down,_or/otherwise you'll wake up the neighbours. ④(续写结尾句)读这个故事，你会意识到不是所有的东西都能用钱买到。 Read_this_story,_and_you_will_realize that not everything can be bought with money. ⑤(话题写作之健康生活)多锻炼，你就会身体健康。 Take_more_exercise_and_ you'll become healthy. 句式2　形容词(短语)作状语 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。 (2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。 (3)有些形容词是由动词的过去分词转化而来的，表示状态，并非被动形式。这样的形容词有：lost, occupied, involved, absorbed等。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(变换句式)　 ①The survivors lay on the beach, and they were exhausted and shocked. →The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted_and_shocked. ②The girl was moved and excited and she threw herself into her mother's arms. →Moved_and_excited,_the girl threw herself into her mother's arms. ③She was unable to afford bus fares, so she walked to interviews. →Unable_to_afford_bus_fares,_she walked to interviews. |应|用|写|美|　 ④(话题写作之学校生活)我们兴奋且高兴地在学校门口迎接交换生。 Excited_and_happy,_we greeted exchange students at the entrance of the school. ⑤(续写之情绪描写)既尴尬又羞愧，我无法集中精力做任何事情。 Embarrassed_and_ashamed,_I can't concentrate on anything. ⑥(话题写作之人物描写)他既谦虚又平易近人，很快就使大家完全放松下来。 Modest_and_easy_to_approach,_he soon put everyone completely at ease. 句式3　倍数表达法 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词＋as。 (2)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than。 (3)倍数＋the size/height/length/width/depth＋of。 (4)倍数＋that＋of。 (5)倍数＋what从句。 名师指津：表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。此句型中倍数也可用分数、百分数、half等其他程度副词表示。 |习|练|规|则|——————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①The rope is three times the length (long) of that one. ②In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys. ③Much to the couple's comfort, their income is now double what it was five years ago. ④In this workshop, the output of July was 4.5 times that of January. |应|用|写|美|　 ⑤(续写之景物描写)随着冰在冬天逐渐变厚，冰块可以变成现在的两倍大。 As the ice thickens during the winter, the blocks can become twice_as_big_as now. ⑥(话题写作之地理概况)亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比这个国家国土面积的一半还要大。 With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is_more_than_half_the_size_of_the_country.(the size of ...) 素养目标——精读真题语篇，阅读多维提能 |对接主题——饮食文化| (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇)Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 　　 [真题再做] 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类语音的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联。 1．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on? A．Its variety.　　　 B．Its distribution. C．Its quantity. D．Its development. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A ground-breaking ...the world's languages.”可知，有研究表明，人类(上下齿间的)咬合变化与饮食相关，导致了新的语音出现。根据第二段中的“Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi ...why this trend arose.”可以推知，Damián Blasi的研究集中在人类语音的发展上。 2．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B．They could not open and close their lips easily. C．Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D．Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，远古成年人的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，而唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙而发出的，因此他们难以发出唇齿音。由此可知，远古成年人很难发出唇齿音是因为他们的颌骨构造不方便发出这种音。 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Supporting evidence for the research results. B．Potential application of the research findings. C．A further explanation of the research methods. D．A reasonable doubt about the research process. 解析：选A　段落大意题。上文提到人类语音及牙齿咬合的变化与新石器时代农业发展水平有关。根据第五段内容可知，对语言数据库的分析也证实了新石器时代之后，世界语言的语音发生了全球性的变化。因此第五段是进一步证实上文提到的研究结果——这种咬合的变化与新石器时代农业的发展水平有关。 4．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A．It is key to effective communication. B．It contributes much to cultural diversity. C．It is a complex and dynamic system. D．It drives the evolution of human beings. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution”可知，Steven Moran说人类的语音是一个复杂的动态系统。 [多维提能] 一、题型思维建模 细节推断题解题攻略(以第4题为例) 1．警惕易错易误——理解偏差 本题易误选D。部分考生根据最后一段“‘The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable ...cultural evolution，’ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.”中的evolution，加上对文章主旨的理解偏差，误认为Steven Moran 想说的是人类的语音推动着人类的进化，从而误选D项。 2．内化题型技法——依据题干关键信息查找答案 解答细节推断题时，要根据题干关键信息查找对应信息点，结合文章主旨对信息点的字面意思进行加工整理，进而推断出其隐含信息。 以本题为例，根据最后一段中的“...but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution”并结合选项可知，complex是原词复现，dynamic是文中 “biological change and cultural evolution”的概括性表述，由此可推断出，Steven Moran 说人类的语音是一个复杂的动态系统。 二、词汇拓展训练 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.v.指出 ②(一词多义)Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.v.出现 ③(一词多义)Food became easier to chew at this point.n.阶段 ④(一词多义)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.adj.(事物)存在的 ⑤(熟词生义)It drives the evolution of human beings.v.推动 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①lead to　　　　　　　　　 导致；造成 ②be connected with 和……有关系 ③overturn the popular view 推翻流行的观点 ④remain stable 保持稳定 ⑤but rather 更确切地说；而是 三、长难句式破译 1．They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. 抓标志：连接词that；关系代词which 判类型：主句＋宾语从句(其中分词短语作状语；含有一个定语从句) 试翻译：他们发现，古代成年人的上下门牙排列整齐，很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的。 2．The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution ... 抓标志：省略的关系代词which/that；关系代词that 判类型：复合句(含有一个定语从句)＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个定语从句) 试翻译：自从人类出现以来，我们使用的这组语音不一定保持稳定，更确切地说，我们今天发现的各种语音都是像生物变化和文化进化等复杂的相互作用的产物…… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$