选择性必修1 UNIT 2 默写(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

词汇1　persuade vt.劝说；说服；使相信；使信服 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①The children did everything they could to persuade the family of_the plan's benefits. ②I thought it was impossible to persuade him into accepting (accept) our views, so I didn't want to waste our time to discuss. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb. of .../that ... 使某人相信…… try to persuade sb. to do sth.＝advise sb. to do sth.试图说服某人做某事(未必成功) (2)persuasive adj.　　　　 有说服力的 persuasion n. 说服 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ③(续写之情节描写)Having_been_persuaded_to_change/into_changing_my_attitude,_I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well. 在被说服改变我的态度之后，我终于找到了正确的方法来改掉粗心大意的毛病，也获得了信心。 ④(续写之心理描写)我非常紧张，犹豫不决地敲开老人的门，试图说服他买我的报纸。 →Having butterflies in my heart, I hesitantly knocked on the old man's door and tried_to_persuade_him_to_buy_my_newspaper.(persuade) →Having butterflies in my heart, I hesitantly knocked on the old man's door and advised_him_to_buy_my_newspaper.(advise) 词汇2　distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 |题|点|盘|查|　 　(写出加黑单词的含义/单句语法填空) ①(2022·全国甲卷写作)I felt so close to him. However, after I went to high school, somehow I became distant from him. 疏远的 ②The bear soon came to the tree, and we followed at a distance. ③Much to our delight, the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the riverbank. ④When he retired, he tried to distance himself from politics. |系|统|归|纳|　 distance n．　　　　　 距离 v. 拉开距离；与……疏远 in the distance 在远处 at/from a distance 隔开一段距离；从远处 at a distance of ... 在……远的距离 keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远 keep one's distance from sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离 distance oneself/sb./sth.from sb./sth. 拉开距离；与……疏远 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ⑤(应用文之推荐信)You can also visit the city museum, which_is__only__within_walking_distance_of_the_hotel_where you stay. 你也可以参观城市博物馆，离你所住的酒店只有步行的距离。 ⑥(话题写作之活动介绍)We'll hold a fruit-picking activity next Saturday on a farm which is at_a_distance_of_two_kilometres from our school. 下周六，我们将在离我们学校两公里远的一个农场举行一场水果采摘活动。 词汇3　command n．指令；命令；控制；掌握 vt.命令；控制 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①As time was limited, the boss commanded that we_(should)_finish (finish) the work as scheduled. ②Initially, I have such a good command of oral English that I can communicate with foreign athletes and coaches fluently. ③The headmaster commanded all the students to__gather (gather) on the playground. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)at sb.'s command　　 服从某人的支配 take command of 控制 have (a) good command/knowledge of 掌握；精通 (2)command sb. to do sth.　　 　 命令某人做某事 command that ...(should) do sth. 命令……做某事 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(应用文之申请信)I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant, because not only do_I_have_(a)_good_command/knowledge_of_English but also I am good at communicating with others. 我写信申请成为您的助教，因为我不仅精通英语，而且善于和其他人交流。 ⑤(应用文之通知)Anyone who is keen on this activity is_commanded_to_sign_up_before May 1st. 任何热衷于这项活动的人都必须在5月1日前报名。 词汇4　combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①He carried on the business in combination (combine) with his friends. ②I tried to persuade him to combine study_with_relaxation, but in vain. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)combine with ...　　　 与……结合 combine ...with ... 把……与……结合起来 (2)combination n. 结合；联合 in combination with ... 与……联合起来 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ③(应用文之建议信)Only when exercise is_combined_with_a_healthy_diet can you keep really fit.只有运动与健康的饮食相结合，你才能保持真正的健康。 ④(话题写作之旅行)美丽的风景结合宜人的气候和美味的食物，使我们的旅行更加愉快。 →The beautiful scenery，combined_with_pleasant_climate_and_tasty_food,_made our visit more enjoyable. (combine) →In_combination_with_pleasant_climate_and_tasty_food,_the beautiful scenery made our visit more enjoyable.(combination) 词汇5　occupation n．职业；占领；占用 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①I suppose I am looking for an occupation (occupy) which motivates me to be positive. ②He would have attended your birthday party, but he occupied himself (he) with an important experiment. ③She is occupied (occupy) in looking after three children at home, so she has no time to take part in various activities in the club. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)occupy v．　　　　　 占用；占去(时间)；使忙于 occupy oneself (in) doing sth./with sth. 忙着做某事/忙于某事 (2)occupied adj. 被占用的；使用中的；忙于 be occupied (in) doing sth./with sth. 忙着做某事/忙于某事 keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ④(应用文之道歉信)I'm sorry to tell you that I can't accompany you to the bookstore this Saturday, as I_am_occupied_(in)_preparing__for_an upcoming examination. 我很抱歉地告诉你，这个周六我不能陪你去书店，因为我正忙着准备即将到来的考试。 ⑤(续写之动作描写)一切准备就绪。他们忙着制作和销售爆米花，无暇玩耍。 →Everything was ready. Occupying_themselves_(in)_making_and_selling_popcorn,_they spared no time to play.(现在分词短语作状语) →Everything was ready. Occupied_(in)_making_and_selling_popcorn,_they spared no time to play.(过去分词短语作状语) 词汇6　oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Opposed (oppose) to building a chemical plant, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages. ②To our astonishment, some students and parents oppose carrying (carry) out the new policy. ③Some students are opposed to the decision and think that it will limit their freedom. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)oppose (2)opposed adj.　　　　　 反对的；对立的 be opposed to ... 反对……；与……相对 名师指津：oppose＝object to＝be against“反对”；oppose后跟动词时要用动词-ing形式。be opposed to结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动词-ing形式。 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(话题写作之活动介绍)With_the_nation_opposing_wasting_food,_an activity has been launched to call on us students to save food.(with复合结构) 由于全国反对浪费食物，一项呼吁我们学生节约食物的活动被发起。 ⑤(话题写作之正反观点)While many people are_opposed_to/oppose_clone_technology,_others believe that it can be an effective way of protecting endangered species. 虽然许多人反对克隆技术，但另外一些人认为它是保护濒危物种的一种有效方式。 词汇7　absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my long absence(absent) from school. ②In the absence of teachers' instruction，I don't know how to combine what I've learnt with practice. ③She looked up with an absent smile, adding that the boy was absent from class twice. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)in the absence of　　　　　　 不在；缺少 in/during one's absence 某人不在时 absence of mind 心不在焉 (2)absent adj.　　 　 缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 be absent from 不参加；缺席 (3)absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ④(应用文之告知信)During/In_your_absence,_our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. 你不在时，我们班参加了一次英语口语比赛，荣获第一名。 ⑤(应用文之建议信)Last but not least, it is of importance for you to occupy__yourself_in_the_class actively like sharing your views and discussing problems.Because it can prevent you from being_absent-minded.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段) 最后但同样重要的是，对你来说，积极参与课堂，比如分享你的观点和讨论问题，是很重要的，因为它可以防止你心不在焉。 词汇8　resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡；忍住 |题|点|盘|查|————————(单句语法填空)　 ①This disease is surprisingly difficult to catch as most people have natural resistance (resist) to it. ②As far as I know, elderly people are not always resistant to_change. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)resist doing sth.　　　 反对做某事 can't resist doing sth. 禁不住做某事 (2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；抵制的 be resistant to 对……有抵抗力的/抵制的 (3)resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒；抵抗力 resistance to 对……的抵抗/有抵抗力 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ③(应用文之发言稿)Most importantly, it takes self-discipline to_resist_all_the_distraction online towards a smart online learner. 最重要的是，要想成为一名聪明的在线学习者，需要自律才能抵制所有在线干扰。 ④(续写之心理描写)With all of my friends opposed to my plan, I_couldn't_resist_sobbing_sadly. 由于我所有的朋友都反对我的计划，我忍不住伤心地抽泣起来。 词汇9　in this sense (in ...sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①There are so many new phrases in the passage that I can't make sense of them at all. ②There is no sense buying (buy) that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. |系|统|归|纳|　 make sense of　　　　　 弄懂……的意思；理解 make no sense 没道理；没意义 in a sense 从某种意义上说 in no sense 决不(位于句首时要用部分倒装结构) a sense of belonging/duty 归属感/责任感 There is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的。 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ③(应用文之倡议书)Let's make joint efforts to protect wildlife.After all, in_a_sense,_protecting wildlife is protecting ourselves. 让我们共同努力保护野生动物。毕竟，在某种意义上，保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。 ④(续写之心理描写)Standing on the top of the mountain, I once again_felt_the_sense_of_pride that came from conquering something powerful. 站在山顶上，我再次感受到来自征服强大的东西的自豪感。 词汇10　keep in touch (with) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. ②Much to my regret, I have been out of_touch with my close friend since he graduated from college. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)stay in touch (with)　　　 (与……)保持联系 be in touch (with) (与……)保持联系 be out of touch (with) (与……)失去联系 以上三个短语表状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 (2)get in touch (with) (与……) 取得联系 lose touch (with) (与……) 失去联系 以上两个短语表示动作，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。 |应|用|表|达|————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ③(话题写作之科技发展)Thanks to the convenience of the social media, I can stay_in_touch_with_my_friends_all the time. 由于社交媒体的便利，我可以随时与我的朋友们保持联系。 ④(话题写作之人际关系)We have_stayed_in_touch_with/have_kept_in_touch_with/have_been_in_touch_with_each_other for ten years since we_got_in_touch_ten years ago.I do believe that we will never lose_touch_with_each_other_any_longer. 自从我们十年前取得联系，我们已经保持联系十年了。我的确相信我们再也不会失去联系了。 句式 　The instant “一……就……” |要|点|解|读|　 (1)the instant (that)＝instantly起连词作用，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，that常省略。 (2)引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：the moment, the minute, the second, the day, the first/second/last time, next time, every time等。 |习|练|规|则|—————————(单句语法填空/句型转换)　 ①Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the__instant she read the letter from her parents. ②Instantly (instant) we got to the farm, we settled down to working and picking oranges. ③Eyes glued to it, he fell in love with the wonderful, shiny red automobile as soon as he saw it. →Eyes glued to it, he fell in love with the wonderful, shiny red automobile the_instant__he_saw_it.(the instant) |应|用|写|美|　 ④(应用文之感谢信)每一次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助，这使我非常感激。。 Every_time_I_got_into_trouble,_you would turn up in time and give me a hand, which made me very grateful. ⑤(话题写作之活动介绍)我第一次去美术馆时，我被它大量的艺术收藏所吸引。 The_first_time_I_went_to_the_art_gallery，I was attracted by its enormous art collection. ⑥(续写之动作描写)我一看到熊咬铁丝网，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。 The__instant/moment/minute__I_saw_the_bear_biting the wire fence, I held my breath, not daring to move an inch. 素养目标——精读真题语篇，阅读多维提能 |对接主题——科技发展与技术创新| (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 　　 [真题再做] 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了John Todd通过观察大自然的自我修复能力，借鉴自然界生态系统来清理污染物的故事。 1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“observing how nature solved problems” “When he got older ... the messes people were making.”和第二段中的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions”以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出，John拥有研究事物的好奇心，善于思考，故C项正确。 2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The task John ... placed them in the tanks”及第四段中的“all that was left was pure water”可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验他的生态机器的处理效果，故D项正确。 3．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John's research plans. B．To show an application of John's idea. C．To compare John's different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John's invention. 解析：选B　推理判断题。上文讲到了John的发明成功了。根据第五段的中心句“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs.”可知，多年来，John做了很多重大的工作。下文提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中的应用，故B项正确。 4．What is the basis for John's work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 解析：选A　推理判断题。本文主要围绕John的疑问“A dirty stream, for example ... people were making.”展开，正是在这个疑问的指引下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力，故A项正确。 [多维提能] 一、题型思维建模 推理判断题解题攻略(以第2题为例) 1．警惕易错易误——以偏概全 本题易误选B。部分考生仅根据第二段中的“He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.”就认为第三段就是在具体说明打造生态系统的过程，从而误选B项。 2．内化题型技法——综合概括进行推断 有些推理判断题很难从一句话或某几句话中推断出来，这就需要整合与题目相关的信息，通过综合概括推出答案。 以本题为例，第三段先是叙述了打造生态系统的目的，接着叙述了具体的做法，再结合第四段中的“all that was left was pure water”，通过对这些信息整合、概括可推断，在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验生态机器的处理效果。 二、词汇拓展训练 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(一词多义)With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.v.认为 ②(熟词生义)Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. v．形成 ③(熟词生义)He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.v.处理 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①clean up　　　　　 清理；打扫 ②a series of 一系列的，一连串的 ③get used to 习惯于；适应于 ④take ...as ... 把……看作是…… ⑤take on 承担 ⑥kind of 在某种程度上 三、长难句式破译 1．When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 抓标志：从属连词when；连接词how 判类型：时间状语从句＋主句(含有分词短语作状语和宾语从句) 试翻译：当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 2．When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 抓标志：从属连词when；if；省略的关系代词which/that 判类型：时间状语从句＋主句(含有一个宾语从句和一个定语从句) 试翻译：长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的垃圾。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$