必修1 UNIT 4 课下作业(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

作业(一)　语基落实训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．When the hurricane hit, the city was flooded (淹没), causing extensive damage. 2．The rescue (救援) team worked tirelessly to free those trapped (困在) in the collapsed building after the earthquake. 3．The local community opened up schools and community centers as temporary shelters (避难所) for those affected by the flood. 4．The fire ruined the building, and only a few people survived (幸存)． 5．The government is making an effort (努力) to rebuild the town after the flood. 6．We are supplying (提供) food and medical aid to the country hit by the severe earthquake. 7．After the parade, the workers quickly swept_(清扫) the streets clean. 8．A powerful storm is expected to strike (侵袭) the coast later tonight.Residents are advised to take necessary preparations. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The athlete was out of breath(breathe) after finishing the marathon. 2．Many people were injured and 3 people died(death) in the accident. 3．His failure in the match was a shocking (shock) piece of news for his fans. 4．All the suffering(s)(suffer) will pass and we should be positive about future. 5．It is wise(wisdom) of you to give up your possessions in the fire because nothing is more important than life. 6．In his eyes, you could see the deep affection (affect) he held for the city where he grew up. 7．The nature is very powerful(power) so we'd better respect it. 8．The flood delayed the delivery(deliver) of the mail. 9．The length (long) of your speech must be at least 5 minutes. 10．The government has taken effective (effect) measures to reduce the damage caused by the landslide. Ⅲ.选词填空 come to an end， in ruins， in shock， in the open air， sweep away， the number of 1．The waves caused by the tsunami swept_away more than 1,000 lives. 2．Rescue workers put up many tents in_the_open_air to shelter survivors of the earthquake. 3．It is my responsibility to inform you that the_number_of affected individuals has significantly increased. 4．The town is in_ruins,_but fortunately the hospital remains in good condition and usable. 5．All the survivors looked at the fallen houses in_shock after the earthquake. 6．It is my honour to be here today, as we reflect on the journey that has now come_to_an_end. Ⅳ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)The news of my best friend moving away was_a_great_shock_to_me. 我最好的朋友搬走的消息对我来说是一个大的震惊。 2．(完成句子)I_was_enjoying_a_cup_of_coffee_when the news of the earthquake hit me. 我正在享用一杯咖啡，就在这时地震的消息传来了。 3．(完成句子)She talks to the plants as_if_they_could_understand_her_words. 她对植物说话，就像它们能理解她的话一样。 4．(完成句子)The changes in climate have_a_significant_effect_upon/on the distribution of species. 气候变化对物种分布有着显著的影响。 5．(完成句子)We will spare_no_effort_to_ensure the safety of our tourists. 我们将不遗余力地确保游客的安全。 6．(一句多译)我突然意识到，如果我们要实现目标，前面还有大量的工作要做。 ①It_struck_me_that we have a great deal of work to do ahead if we are to achieve our goals.(strike) ②It_hit_me_that we have a great deal of work to do ahead if we are to achieve our goals.(hit) ③It_occurred_to_me_that_we have a great deal of work to do ahead if we are to achieve our goals.(occur) 7．(句型转换)She buried herself in work to avoid thinking about it. →She_was_buried_in work to avoid thinking about it. 作业(二)　语篇提能训练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·郑州模拟)It was a sight you don't normally see: a jellyfish (水母) lying dead in the middle of a parking lot partly flooded in water.But this was no ordinary parking lot.This particular section downtown Annapolis, Maryland, is among a growing number of areas easily affected by frequent high-tide flooding in the seaside town. High-tide floods, also known as sunny-day floods, occur when tides reach anywhere from 1.75 to 2 feet above the daily average high tide and start spilling onto streets.These floods are usually not related to storms.They typically occur during high tides.The gravitational pull of the Moon drives the tides.Winds can also influence how high the tides come in.Then there are the climate patterns like El Nino (厄尔尼诺现象), which lead to higher-than-normal sea levels along both the U．S.East and West coasts.And, of course, the most powerful driver is sea level rise itself.Because of rising seas driven by climate change, the frequency of this kind of flood has dramatically increased in recent years.The ocean is rising at about 3.3 millimeters, or 0.13 inches a year, mostly due to the melting of land-based ice and the heated expansion of ocean water. Defenses are built in response to the high-tide floods.Half a mile up the road from Downtown Annapolis, the U．S.Naval Academy is beating back water: a seawall built alongside the river, flood walls protecting campus buildings, and classroom floors and walls made of concrete or painted cinder block — materials more resistant to flooding than carpet, wood and drywall. Still, David Kriebel, a professor of ocean engineering at the U．S.Naval Academy, said, the water is rising fast, and much of this flood protection will only last for a few decades.At that point, additional measures will have to be taken.“You can build walls, you can add inflow preventers and you can protect areas that are worth protecting, but eventually, water's going to find its way through the holes，” he said.“You're not really meant to hold back the tides.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了由于气候变化，海平面上升，涨潮洪水也越来越频繁。马里兰州安纳波利斯市正试图保护建筑物不受洪水的影响。 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the main topic. B．To share an unusual finding. C．To warn people to protect animals. D．To make a phenomenon convincing. 解析：选A　推理判断题。第一段描述了马里兰州安纳波利斯市中心的一个部分被水淹的停车场中央躺着一只水母，由这一奇特的现象引出“high-tide flooding (涨潮洪水)”这一话题，所以第一段的作用是引入主题。 2．Which of the following contributes most to the increase of high-tide floods? A．Winds. B．Climate change. C．Moon's gravity. D．Certain climate patterns. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“And, of course, the most powerful driver is sea level rise itself ...has dramatically increased in recent years.”可知，气候变化导致海平面上升，是造成涨潮洪水增加的最大原因。 3．What does David Kriebel feel about the situation in a few decades? A．Curious. B．Uncertain. C．Confident. D．Worried. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，大卫·克里贝尔对未来几十年可能出现的情况感到担忧。 4．What's the suitable title for the text? A．The Future World: Worth the Wait B．Climate Crisis: Solutions on the Way C．Rising Waters: Beating Back the Tides D．Downtown Annapolis: Emerged under Water 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段可知，文章报道了海平面上升，涨潮洪水也越来越频繁，马里兰州安纳波利斯市正在采取措施试图保护城市不受洪水的影响，所以C项是最佳标题。 B Residents (居民) of South Asia already regularly experience heat waves at the current level of warming.But a new study in Geophysical Research Letters projecting the amount of heat stress residents of the region will experience in the future finds with 2℃ of warming, the population's exposure to heat stress will increase by two times. “The future looks bad for South Asia, but the worst can be avoided by containing warming to as low as possible，” said Moetasim Ashfaq, the corresponding author of the new study.“The need for adaptation over South Asia is today, not in the future.It's not a choice anymore.” Earth has warmed by 1℃ since the start of the Industrial Revolution, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.It may reach 1.5℃ of warming in 2040.This deadline leaves little time for South Asian countries to adapt.“Only half a degree increase from today is going to cause a widespread increase in heat events，” Ashfaq said. People living in South Asia are especially affected by deadly heat waves because the area already experiences particularly hot summers.Almost one quarter of the world's population lives in South Asia.Much of the population live in populated cities without regular access to air conditioning, and about 60% perform agricultural work and can't escape the heat by staying indoors. Controlling warming to 1.5℃ will likely cut that exposure in half, but large numbers of people across South Asia will still experience extreme temperatures.An increase in heat events that create unsafe labor conditions is likely to occur in major crop producing regions in India, such as West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.Coastal regions and urban centers such as Karachi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Peshawar are also likely to be heavily affected, according to the study. “Even at 1.5℃， South Asia will have serious consequences in terms of heat stress，” Ashfaq said.“That's why there is a need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放)．” 语篇解读：这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究预测了南亚居民在未来将经历气候变暖带来的困难。研究发现，随着气候变暖，南亚居民面临的压力将增加很多。 5．What does Moetasim Ashfaq stress in paragraph 2? A．The difficulty of controlling warming. B．The way to cut exposure to heat stress. C．The urgency of handling climate change. D．The bright future for South Asian countries. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段Moetasim Ashfaq所说的话，尤其是“The need for adaptation over South Asia is today, not in the future.It's not a choice anymore.”可知，Moetasim Ashfaq强调了应对气候变化的紧迫性。 6．What can be known about residents in South Asia? A．They've been suffering a lot from heat. B．They're actually poor at growing crops. C．They generally live far from each other. D．They have easy access to air conditioning. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，南亚的居民一直以来深受热浪的折磨。 7．What damage will the heat waves bring to India? A．It will harm crop production. B．It will cut down labor demand. C．It will cause more air pollution. D．It will lead to crowding in cities. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“An increase in heat events that create unsafe labor conditions is likely to occur in major crop producing regions in India, such as West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.”可知，热浪可能会危及印度的粮食生产。 8．What does Moetasim Ashfaq think of limiting warming to 1.5℃？ A．It is not possible at all. B．It is still far from enough. C．It frees people from heat stress. D．It helps to improve population. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断，Moetasim Ashfaq认为将增加的温度控制在1.5℃依然是远远不够的，还需要进一步采取措施应对气候变暖。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·合肥模拟)There are many birds that visit our leafy garden. But it's the pair of orange frogmouths (蟆口鸱) that have been returning for years to __9__ their young that bring the most excitement. It's been wonderful to __10__ how both parents take on the serious duty of caring for their young. Last summer the frogmouth family, parents and two babies, was __11__ sitting in a tall tree close to our backyard enjoying the late afternoon sunshine. With little __12__， a light rain began to fall. At first the birds seemed to __13__ the rain and moved out along the branch, loosing their __14__ to take advantage of the wet weather. But within minutes, day turned to night. __15__ clouds gathered. Crashing thunder and blinding lightning, wild winds and driving rain __16__ the small garden into a(n) __17__ place for the little family. Through the flashes of lightning, we watched in __18__ as the parents guided their little ones back along the branch to the tree trunk, both parents __19__ their wings over the young to protect them from the powerful rain. When the __20__ passed, the family moved back out along the __21__， bathed in the sunshine. When I look up at the pair of orange frogmouths who continue to visit our __22__， I know I'm not just looking at devoted parents, but very __23__ ones. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过蟆口鸱父母在风雨中保护自己孩子的情形，感悟到天下所有的父母都会尽全力保护自己的孩子。 9．A.raise B．train C．adopt D．entertain 解析：选A　根据后文“how both parents take on the serious duty of caring for their young”可知，这对蟆口鸱来往多次是在抚养自己的孩子。 10．A.evaluate B．observe C．predict D．realize 解析：选B　根据后文“sitting in a tall tree close to our backyard enjoying the late afternoon sunshine”可知，作者是在自己的花园里观察蟆口鸱在照顾自己的小孩。 11．A.cautiously B．secretly C．happily D．carelessly 解析：选C　根据后文“sitting in a tall tree close to our backyard enjoying the late afternoon sunshine”可知，此时的蟆口鸱一家正在享受傍晚的阳光，应该是一件非常开心的事情。 12．A.urgency B．fortune C．relief D．warning 解析：选D　根据前文“sitting in a tall tree close to our backyard enjoying the late afternoon sunshine”，以及后文“a light rain began to fall”，上一秒还在享受着阳光，下一秒就开始下雨，由此判断一点预兆都没有。 13．A.take delight in B．put up with C．keep away from D．lose sight of 解析：选A　根据后文“moved out along the branch”以及“take advantage of the wet weather”可知，鸟儿在雨中沿着树枝飞出去，同时也会利用潮湿的天气，因此鸟儿是非常喜欢下雨天的。 14．A.tails B．feathers C．heads D．paws 解析：选B　根据前文“moved out along the branch”可知，鸟儿飞起来要展开翅膀，因此是松展自己的羽毛。 15．A.Soft B．Furry C．Dark D．Thin 解析：选C　根据前文“But within minutes, day turned to night.”可知，突然从白天变成黑夜说明雨下大了，乌云密布。 16．A.expanded B．divided C．extended D．transformed 解析：选D　分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语transform into，意为“把……转变成”。 17．A.unsafe B．cool C．ideal D．private 解析：选A　根据前文“Crashing thunder and blinding lightning, wild winds and driving rain”可知，在如此恶劣的环境下，小花园变得非常的危险，因此对蟆口鸱来说是不安全的。 18．A.silence B．amazement C．peace D．despair 解析：选B　根据后文“the parents guided their little ones back along the branch to the tree trunk”以及“protect them from the powerful rain”可知，作者在看到鸟儿倾尽全力保护自己的小孩时，感到非常的震惊。 19．A.folding B．examining C．pressing D．spreading 解析：选D　作为鸟儿要保护自己的孩子不受大雨的伤害，应该要展开翅膀护住孩子。 20．A.eruption B．test C．storm D．flood 解析：选C　根据前文“Crashing thunder and blinding lightning, wild winds and driving rain”可知，应该是暴风雨；再结合后文“bathed in the sunshine”可判断，此处应该是暴风雨停了，才能沐浴在阳光下。 21．A.branch B．corridor C．pipe D．beach 解析：选A　根据前文“the parents guided their little ones back along the branch to the tree trunk”可知，下雨的时候蟆口鸱一家沿着树枝飞到树干上避雨，雨停之后应该是沿着树枝重新回去。 22．A.zoo B．garden C．school D．farm 解析：选B　文章第一句提到“There are many birds that visit our leafy garden.”由此判断，作者应该是在自己的花园里看到蟆口鸱。 23．A.honest B．polite C．wise D．generous 解析：选C　前文提到蟆口鸱父母在大雨里保护自己孩子的情形，它们在大雨中张开翅膀，雨停了之后还会沿着树枝回到自己的鸟巢，说明蟆口鸱不仅对自己的孩子非常尽心尽责，同时还知道利用环境来避雨，说明这对蟆口鸱父母非常聪明。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$