Unit 4 Space Exploration Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

高中英语必修三 Unit4 语法Discovering useful structures 1 I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot. I have a dream to explore space Lead in 试分析to do 在两句中的语法分????? to fly 在句中作状语 to explore在句中作定语 一、to do 作定语 名词+to do sth(作定语) 1.动宾关系: 即所修饰的名词在逻辑上作不定式的宾语。 (1). She has four children to take care of. 她有四个孩子要照顾。 (2). I had no place to live in. 我没有地方住。 3 (3) You just regard me as a thing, an object to look at, to use,to touch, but not to listen to or to take seriously. 你把我当作一件东西，一件任你看、任你用、任你抚摸的西，但就是不听我的话，不认真对待我。 4 注意:不定式一般不用被动形式。 不定式动词后不能再加宾语 (4). I gave the kid a comic to read. 我给孩子看了一本漫画。 I gave the kid a comic to read it. × (5). He needs a place to live in. 他需要一个住的地方。 He needs a place to live in it× 5 不定式动词后介词不省略 (6). I have no partner to speak English with. 我没有伙伴可以说英语。 I have no partner to speak English.× (7). I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支笔写字。 I need a pen to write .× 6 2.被 only, last,next，序数词，最高级形容词修饰的名词常用 不定式作定语。(考试重点) (1). I don't think he is the best man to do the job. 我认为他并不是做这工作的最好人选。 (2). The next train to arrive is from NewYork 下一列到达的火车是从纽约开来的。 7 (3). Clint was the second person to fall into this trap. Clint是第二个掉进陷阱的人。 (4). Clint was the only person to survive the air crash. Clint是这次空难事故中惟一的幸存者。 8 二、to do 作状语 1. to do 作目的状语 (1). Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 憎恨别人，就好像为了赶走一只老鼠，而把自己的房子烧掉。 (2). To avoid criticism, do nothing, say nothing. 为了避免批评，什么都不做，什么也不说。 9 (3). To acquire knowledge, one must study; but to acquire wisdom, one must observe. 要获得知识，必须学习；但要获得自由，必须遵守规则。 (4). We had better start early to catch the train. 我们最好早点出发去赶火车。 (5). I went to the post office to mail a letter. 我去邮局寄了一封信。 10 我们可用in order to do 或 so as to do 强调目的状语。 (1). We had better start early so as to catch the train. 我们最好早点出发，以便赶上火车。 (2). I went to the post office in order to mail a letter. 我去邮局寄了一封信。 (3). I quote others in order to better express my own self. 我引用别人的话，是为了更好地表达自己。 11 (4). The teacher raised her voice in order for us to hear more clearly. 注意:so as to一般不用在句首。但to do 或 in order to do 可提到句首。 12 2.. to do 作结果状语 (1)直接用在句中作结果状语 ①. He lived to be a hundred years. 他活到了一百岁。 ②. What have I done to offend you? 我做了什么冒犯了你？ ③. He lived to see the second world war. 他活着目睹了第二次世界大战。 (此句相当于He lived until he saw World War II.) 13 never to do一结构表示结果 (1). John left his hometown ten years ago,never to return. 约翰十年前离开了家乡，再也没有回来。 (2). We parted never to see each other. 我们永远不会见面。 14 (2)only to do一引出意想不到或不愉快的结果 ① We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left. 我们匆匆忙忙赶到火车站，结果却发现火车刚刚离站。 ② All too often, women complain that they're educated as equals, only to go out into the workforce to be treated as inferiors. 女人往往抱怨说，她们和男人们接受同样的教育，结果在职业场上却被认为低人一等。 15 ③. He worked very hard,____he had not finished half of the job. A. to find B. finding C. just finding D. only to find 正确答案:D 16 (4). . .. enough to ① He is not old enough to go to school. 他还没有到上学的年龄。 ②The teacher speaks loudly enough to make himself heard clearly. 老师说话的声音大得足以让人听得清楚。 17 (5).too...to结构 这一结构我们常熟悉的意思是“太…以致不能…”，肯定形式，否定意思。 a. The box is too heavy for me to even move. 这箱子太沉了，挪动不了。 b. The tea is too hot to drink. 这茶太热了，不能喝。 18 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Whenever it snows, she is always the first ________ (clean) the paths. 2. If I can do something __________ (make) others aware of the problem, then tha’s part of the solution. 3.He wanted to find a new house to live ___________. 4.There is not enough room _____________ (swing) a cat in my small apartment. So I don’t cook very often. to clean to make in to swing 19 5.__________ (cheer) her up, we went to a typical Quebec restaurant for lunch. 6.At first, I kept running just _____________ (see) my name in the top five. 7．_____________ (celebrate) this festival, we prepare Chinese dishes as well as Western dinners. To cheer to see To celebrate 20 语法填空 Molly was a student. She made a new friend when she played a game at school. Her name was Ann. She was thin and tall.After the game they became friends and wanted (1)_________(spend) more time together. But Ann had a friend (2)_________the name of Liz. She didn't wish (3)_________(make) new friends. She thought that when one friendship started, another friendship ended. to spend with to make 21 Liz always took Ann away the other day when Molly came to play, so Molly had to play with her friend Betty. She said to Betty sadly, "I wish all of us could become friends. It would be much (4)__________(happy) to play." One day it was time (5)_________(have) lunch. Molly and Betty came out to look for a seat. And Ann called them so they could eat together. This time Liz did not run away. She let them (6)_________(sit) beside her. happier to have sit 22 She was a little nervous, but she stayed there anyway.Molly gave some cakes to Liz.And Liz took it happily. From then on they were friends and they had a lot of fun. The four girls played together everywhere.They knew that it was always good (7)._________(try) to make new friends. to try 23 Thanks 24 $$