Units 1～4 单元语法重点讲义- 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语九年级上册

Unit1 反义疑问句 1、 含义：反义疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。 2、 原则：反意疑问句遵循“（人称、时态和数的） 一致性；前肯后否；前否后肯”的原则。 3、 反意疑问句的回答：根据事实来回答。与事实相符，用yes；与事实不符用no。 eg: ---The runner didn’t win the race, did he?/ The runner won the race, didn’t he? ---Yes, he did. (He won the race.) ---No, he didn’t. (He did not win the race.) 4、 几种主要句型中的反义疑问句： （一）、含有be动词（am，is，are，was，were）的句型 当陈述部分是I am时，疑问部分要用 aren't I? eg: I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? 1 He is your uncle, __________? 2 You are not students, __________ ? 3 The students are going to have a picnic, __________ ? 4 Kate isn’t from the USA, __________? 5 He was German, __________? 6 The Greens weren't at home last night __________ ? （2） 、含有一般动词（实义动词）的句型，借助助动词do，does，did 1 Your mother likes cooking, _____________ ? 2 He has an apple, ______________? 3 The plane took off an hour ago, __________? 4 He didn’t go to school late this morning, __________ ? 5 Lucy studied pop music, __________ ? 6 You have a good time, __________? （3） 、含有情态动词的句型 1 Tom can swim very well, _____________ ? 2 Your parents can't swim, _____________? 3 All of your friends will come to your party, _____________? 4 They won't come, _____________? （4） 、含有现在完成时的句型，have和has是助动词 1 You have heard of him,_____________? 2 He has been to America, _____________? 3 Marry hasn’t lived in the countryside, _____________? 4 You haven’t been to Shanghai, _____________ ? 5 They have never been to Hong Kong, _____________? （5） 、There be 句型 1 There is a pen on the chair,_____________? 2 There are 60 students in our class, _____________ ? 3 There was nothing in the fridge, _____________? 4 There will be a paper factory near my home in about 2 years, _____________? （6） 、祈使句中用will you 1 Don't be late, _____________? 2 Have a rest, _____________ ? 3 Speak louder, _____________? 4 Don't wait for me,_____________? （7） 、Let’s开头的反意疑问句，let’s 用shall we，let us用will you Let's have a rest, _____________? Let us have a rest, _____________ ? （8） 、陈述句部分含有否定意义的词时（never,seldom,hardly,few,little,nothing等），反意疑问句用肯定形式 1They have never visited his home, _____________? 2.There are few apples in the basket, _____________? 3.He can hardly swim, _____________ ? 4.It has no legs,_____________? 5There is little water in the glass, _____________ ? 6. They seldom come late, _____________ ? 注意： 1、陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。 eg: Everything is ready, isn't it? 2、陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he. eg: Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (doesn’t he?) 3、 think引导的宾语从句： A.如果主语是第一人称，随从句人称走。 　　eg: I don't think he is bright, is he? 　　eg: We believe she can do it better, can't she? B. 如果主语不是第一人称，随主句人称走。 eg: He thought they were wrong, didn't he? （而不能说weren't they?） 4、 have,has作为实义动词和助动词的不同用法 You have a beautiful dress, ？ You have passed the exam, ？ 检测题 1. We do morning exercises in the morning, ___________? A. do we B. did we C. didn't we D. don't we 2. She doesn't care for a car, ___________? A. is she B. does she C. doesn't she D. did she 3. She has a brother, ___________? A. doesn't she B. has she C. don't she D. does she 4. She will have lunch at school, ___________? A. doesn't she B. won't she C. is she D. will she 5. He was late for school that morning, ___________? A. wasn't he B. was he C. did he D. didn't he 6. His sister had a bad cough, ___________ she? A. wasn't B. doesn't C. hadn't D. didn't 7. Nobody says a word about the incident, ___________? 　A. is he　　 B. doesn't he　　C. do they　　　D. don't they 8. Nothing he did was right, ___________? A. did he　　 B. was it　　　C. didn't it　　　 D. was he 9. There is not much news in today's paper, _____________? 　A. isn't it　　 B. are there　　 C. is there　　     D. aren't there 10. You never told me why you were late for the class, ___________? 　A. weren't you　B. didn't you        C. had you　　 D. did you 11. He must be in the library now, ________? 　A. doesn't he　B. mustn't he　　 C. needn't he　 D. isn't he 12. She must have arrived there yesterday, _________? 　A. have she　B. must she　　C. didn't she　　 D. mustn't she 13. There used to be a church behind the cemetery, ________? 　A. didn't there B. used there       C. usedn’t it　 D. didn't it 14. My sister often needs help with her study, _______? 　A. need she　 B. needn't she　C. does she　 D. doesn't she 15. They dare not call you a fool, ___________? 　A. would they　B. dared they　   C. dares they　 D. dare they 16. What a lovely day, _________? 　A. doesn't it　 B. isn't it　　C. didn't it　　　 D. hasn't it 17. Let me do it, _______? 　A. shall I　 B. shall we　　  C. will you　　 D. will I 18. He dislikes the two subjects, _______ he? A. does B. doesn't C. is D. isn't 19. Let's go there by bus, _______? A. will you B. shall we C. don't you D. won’t you 20. Let us go to play football, _______? A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 21. Don't forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _______? A. will you B. shall we C. won't you D. do you 22. —Pass me the dictionary, _______? —Yes, with pleasure. A. would you B. will you C. won't you D. wouldn't you 23. I don't believe you are right, _______ ? A. are you B. do you C. won't you D. do 24. She doesn't think that Tom sings best in the class, _______? A. does she B. doesn't she C. does he D. doesn't he 25. I know you didn't want to hurt me, _______? A. did you B. didn't you C. do I D. don't I Reading课文 Unit2 不定式 回顾：八下第一单元已经学过不定式做宾语，宾补和目的状语 1、 I want to learn English. 2、 My mom wants me to go to university. 3、 She is climbing mountains to keep healthy. 九上第二单元继续学不定式做定语，主语和表语 1、 不定式做定语。（常放在名词后，起修饰作用或解释说明作用） 动词不定式与被修饰词之间的关系： (1)主谓关系：Smith is the first person ____________ the secret. (2)动宾关系：He has several questions __________. 他有几个问题要问。 (3)同位关系：He has made a plan ________ a new house.他制订了一个买新房子的计划。 注意：有些名词后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，如time、chance、reason、right(权利)、courage、decision、effort、ability。 2、 不定式做主语。（固定句型需牢记） 句型 例句 ①It + be + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是……的 保护这条河对你们有好处。 It ____ _____ ____ you ___ 　　　________ the river. ②It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的。 你们保护了这条河，真是太好了。 It ___ _________ _____ you _____ ________ the river. ③It + be + n. + to do sth. 做某事是…… 保护这条河是我们的责任。 It ____ _____ ___________ ____ _________ the river ④It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。 我们花了一些时间来保护这条河。 It ______ _____ some time _____ _________ the river. ⑤It seems/seemed + adj. + to do sth. 做某事似乎是……的。 保护这条河似乎很重要。 It ________ ____________ 　____ _________ the river. (1)动词不定式位于句首，谓语动词用 ____ (单/复)数形式。 (2)it 放在句首作形式主语，动词不定式放在后面作真正主语。 3、 不定式做表语 动词不定式作表语，常用于补充主语的具体内容，主语通常为 aim、dream、hope、idea、plan、purpose、suggestion、wish 等。 My wish is to be like Einstein. Her propose is to become a leader. 检测题 一、单选。 ( )1. --Shall we go shopping? --Sorry, I have lots of homework ________. A. do B. to do C. doing D. does ( )2.It is very important ______ us ________these words. A. to, to remember B. for, to remember C. for, remember D. for, remembering ( )3.It’s a good habit ________ a walk after dinner. A. to come B. to be C. to take D. to go ( )4.They decided ____ a letter ______ their thanks.     A. to write, expressing    B. writing, express     C. write, expressed    D. to write, to express ( )5.-_______ more about tomorrow’s weather, call 121. -OK, I will. Thank you. A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D.Knew ( )6.Please tell me _____ her. I have something ____ her. A. where to find, telling         B. where to find, to tell C. where can find, to tell        D. where finding, telling ( )7.We can make a fire ________the room warm so that we can chat for a while. A．to keep B．keeping C．keep D. kept ( )8. It takes me half an hour _____ to school by bus. A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get  ( )9.I think the house is big enough ____. A. to live in B. to live C. live D. living ( )10.I haven’t got a chair _______. Will you make room for me? A. to sit       B. to sit in       C. for sitting        D. sitting 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Jim agreed __________(go) to the West Lake. 2.It took us half an hour_____（work）out the problem． 3.His wish is ________ (become) an artist. 4. Both coats look nice on me. I really don’t know which ________ (choose). 5.Would you like_____（go）shopping with me？ 6. I’m sorry I forgot ________ (post) your letter on my way home. 7. Many people think it very difficult _______ （learn）English. 8. I don’t know where___________(visit ) next year. 9. We went to town _________（do） some shopping. 10. We should think about what we can do ________ (keep) animals and plants from becoming endangered. 3、 完成句子。 Rewrite the slogans with infinitives as subjects. 1. Buy a Compex computer. It is not expensive. 2. Using the computer is very simple. 3. Using the computer is very simple. 4. You can run any kind of software. It is easy. 5. Exploring the world of Compex is absolutely fascinating. 4、 翻译句子。 1.我觉得那是提高你英语的最好办法。 I think that’s the_______ ________ ________ ________ your English. 2. 她是一个工作起来很好相处的人。 She is a nice person_______ ________ ________ ________ ________. 3. 在上海生活是他一生的梦想。 _______ ________ ________ ________ is his lifetime dream. 4.活到老，学到老。 One is never _______ ________ ________ ________ . 5.我们的梦想是使城市更美好。 Our dream is_______ ________ ________ ________ more beautiful. Reading课文 Unit3 连系动词 系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 根据系动词的语义特点，系动词可以分为以下几类： 1.状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有be动词。如： He was famous as a scholar.作为一位学者他很有名。 2.持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand等。如： Would you please keep silent for a minute?可以请你安静一下吗? 3.表象系动词：用来表示“看起来像”此类意思，主要有seem, appear, look等。如： He seems to be asleep.他似乎睡着了。 He looks like my brother.他看上去像我的哥哥。 4.感官系动词：用来表示感官的感受，主要有smell, feel, taste, sound等。如： The rose smells sweet.这朵玫瑰花闻起来很香。 The cloth feels soft.这块布摸上去很柔软。 5.变化系动词：用来表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, get, fall, go等。如： The affair becomes serious.事态变得严重了。 Leaves turn brown in autumn.树叶到秋天就变黄了。 It’s getting late.时间不早了。 6.终止系动词：用来表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"结果是;证明是 "之意，如： The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.   检测题 一、从下列方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。look sound taste smell feel 1. —What kind of music do you like best? —I like rock music best, because it ______ exciting. 2. The cookies ______ salty. Did you put any salt in them? 3. Grandma is cooking meat with potatoes. It _____ good. 4. I _____ happy when I was back to my old school. 5. The girl ______ quiet and she is sitting on the sofa and waiting for her mother. 二、语法巩固。 ( )1. The girl’s voice sounds ________. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautifully D. most beautiful ( )2. The birthday cake is ready now, and it ________ delicious. Would you like some? A. feels B. tastes C. sounds D. becomes ( )3. I like this sofa. When I am sitting on it, I ________ comfortable. A. smell B. taste C. feel D. sound ( )4. Mrs Smith ________ friendly and she is a good teacher in my mind. A. looks B. gets C. sounds D. goes ( )5. My mum made some chocolate just now. It made the air ________ sweet. A. sound B. taste C. feel D. smell 三、语法选择。 Phil Wright is a world-famous teacher, dancer and inventor of the Parent Jam. He teaches dance in many places, 1._____ he creates a new kind of dance class by chance. This dance class is very 2._______ in many countries. Many parents and their children take the classes. His dance classes are interesting and helpful. Parents 3.____ improve their relationships, with their children through dancing. Phil is happy that he has the ability 4._______ people to dance. He also feels proud of 5._______. That’s because he gives encouragement and love to 6._______. Phil liked to dance 7._____ he was 9. He learnt different kinds of dances from the Internet 8._________.He joined a music club in school, 9.____. Once, he taught a Hot Mommas class in Miami (no kids allowed) and 10.____ class did so well. After he 11.______ to Los Angeles, he wanted to bring it back. But he made 12._____________ this time. In 2017, a new class 13.___________ by him. It is a special dance class called the Parent Jam. It 14.______ kids and parents together. Phil’s purpose is not to find the best group of dancers, but to make a family full of love. This class makes the relationship 15._________ parents and children much closer. The whole family, not just parents or kids are welcome to join in. ( )1. A. but B. so C. and D. or ( )2. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular ( )3. A. can B. must C. need D. may ( )4. A. teach B. teaching C. to teach D. to teaching ( )5. A. he B. himself C. his D. him ( )6. A. another B. other C. others D. the other ( )7. A. though B. unless C. if D. when ( )8. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. caring ( )9. A. too B. either C. also D. neither ( )10. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )11. A. moves B. moved C. has moved D. will move ( )12. A. any change B. any changes C. some change D. some changes ( )13. A. create B. was created C. is created D. creates ( )14. A. bring B. has brought C. are bringing D. brings ( )15. A. between B. at C. from D. with 三、单项选择。 1. The story sounds ____. A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true 2. These oranges taste ____. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well 3. --Do you like the material? --Yes, it ____ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt [来源:Zxxk.Com] C. feels D. is felt 4. — Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard? — No, dear. They don’t ___ well. Put them in the fridge instead. A. keep B. fit C. get D .last 5. — How are the team playing? — They are playing well but one of them ____ hurt. A. got B. gets C. are D. were 6. As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 7. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It ____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes 8. —What will a science museum be like if you are asked to build one?               —I hope it will _______ like a book. (2014潍坊) A. taste             B. sound        C. look            D. smell 四、用 taste, become, seem, appear, remain 的适当形式填空。 1. She ________ a famous nurse. 2. The village _________ deserted and not even a dog was to be seen. 3. The pie ______ delicious. I want to eat another one. 4. The news of our trip must _______ a secret for a little while. 5. The idea of writing down her memories of him ______ a good one. Reading课文 Unit4 句子成分 一、单词组合在一起构成句子。英语句子成分一般包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等。因此首先要弄清楚各种成分所表示的意义。 1.主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的对象，由名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式等充当。如：He is a student. 他是一名学生。（代词he作主语） 2.谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当。如：She loves cats. 她喜爱猫。（动词love作谓语） 3.宾语：指谓语动作所涉及的人或物，由名词、代词等充当。如：We speak Chinese. 我们讲汉语。（名词Chinese作宾语） 4.表语：用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动词ing、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。 5.定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明，由形容词、代词、数词等充当。如：I like light music. 我喜欢轻音乐。（形容词light作定语） 6.补语：主要用于对宾语的补充和说明，由名词、分词、形容词等充当。如：We should keep the room clean. 我们应该保持房间干净。（形容词clean作宾语“the room”的补语） 7.状语：说明事件发生的时间、地点、原因、方式或条件等，由副词、状语从句等充当。如：He is watching TV at home. 他正在家看电视。（at home作状语，指明动作发生的地点）九大状语 1. How about meeting again at six? 2. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. 3. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 4. Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 5. She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 5. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 6. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 7. He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 8. She works very hard though she is old. 9. I am taller than he is. 二、句子基本结构分类： (1) 主语+谓语。（+状语）Class begins. We worked at company. (2) 主语+连系动词+表语。She is a girl. I feel good. (3) 主语+谓语+宾语。John opened the door. He ate a banana. (4) 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。Dad bought me a new book. (5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。I have found Internet necessary. (6) 存现句（There be句型）。 1、 结构：There is.... There isn’t .... There are.... There aren’t.... 2、 用法：就近原则（be 动词的形式和邻近主语的数和人称保持一致） There is a desk and five chairs. There are five chairs and a desk. 翻译试一试：①萨拉的爸爸昨天给她买了一条连衣裙。 ②爱丽丝今天早上看起来很疲惫。 检测题 一、主语练习：把主语画上横线并标注由什么做主语。 1. American country music has become more and more popular. （ ） 2. We often speak English in class. （ ） 3. One-third of the students in this class are girls.（ ） 4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（ ） 5. Smoking does harm to the health.（ ） 6. The rich should help the poor.（ ） 7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （ ） 8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.（ ） 二、谓语练习：把谓语划上横线 1. 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practises running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助动词加动词原形,动词ing,过去分词构成。如： Do you speak English？ They are working in a field. He has caught a bad cold. （3）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. 三、表语练习：把主语画上横线并标注由什么做主语。 1. Our teacher of English is an American.（ ） 2. Is it yours?（ ） 3. The weather has turned cold.（ ） 4. Three times seven is twenty one.（ ） 5. His job is to teach English.（ ） 6. His hobby is playing football.（ ） 7. The meeting is of great importance.（ ） 8. Time is up. The class is over.（ ） 9. The truth is that he has never been abroad.（ ） 四、宾语练习：把宾语画上横线并标注由什么做宾语。 1. He is doing his homework.（ ） 2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.（ ） 3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（ ） 4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（ ） 5. He pretended not to see me.（ ） 6. I enjoy listening to popular music.（ ） 7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.（ ） 五、宾补练习：把宾补画上横线并标注由什么做宾补。 1. His father named him Xiaoming.（ ） 2. They painted their boat white.（ ） 3. Let the fresh air in.（ ） 4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（ ） 5. We saw her entering the room.（ ） 6. We found everything in the lab in good order.（ ） 7. We will soon make our city what your city is now.（ ） 六、状语练习：把状语画上横线并标注由什么做状语。 1. Light travels most quickly.（ ） 2. He has lived in the city for ten years. （ ） 3. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（ ） 4. He is in the room making a model plane.（ ） 5. Wait a minute.（ ） 6. Once you begin, you must continue.（ ） 二、指出下列句子中的划线部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 三、选择最佳答案填空 ( ) 1. ____ will leave for Beijing. A. Now there the man B. The man here now C. The man who is here now D. The man is here now ( ) 2. The weather ____. A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold ( ) 3. The apple tasted ____. A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet ( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning. A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter ( ) 5. The actor ______at the age of 70. A. dead B. died C. dyed D. dying ( ) 6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest. A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we ( ) 7. He found the street much ______. A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly ( ) 8.I think _____necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is ( ) 9. The dog ____ mad. A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked Reading课文 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$