精品解析：江苏省南京市某校2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

高二上学期第三次质量检测 英 语 (满分150分 考试用时120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，完成下面小题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，完成下面小题。 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，完成下面小题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，完成下面小题。 13. Why does the woman meet the map? A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. 14. What does the woman like about the carpet? A. Its color. B. Its design C. Its quality. 15. What does the man say about the kitchen?. well. A. It’s a good size. B. It’s newly painted. C. It’s adequately equipped. 16. What will the woman probably do next?. A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment. 听第10段材料，完成下面小题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students. 18. When did the speaker take English classes? A. Before he left his hometown. B. After he came to America. C. When he was 15 years old. 19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher? A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful. 20 What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How education shaped his life. B How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer opportunities for high school students This year, high school students everywhere are suffering the loss of proms, graduation ceremonies, and everyday joys because of COVID-19. And yet, sometimes the ideal way to pull yourself away from your struggles is to find a selfless job. What follows are ways you can be of service from the safety of your own home. Provide virtual COVID-19 assistance Something as simple as becoming a digital advocate for the Red Cross can allow teens to make an impact on the crisis. This can involve actions like simply sharing Red Cross content across social media platforms or organizing an online fundraiser. Points of Light can connect you to a host of pandemic-oriented causes including writing letters to health care workers, or reducing food stress for needy families in your area. Instruct students online Low-income and minority students have suffered great educational losses during the pandemic, as technological barriers and under-resourced urban schools have only increased an already tragic achievement gap. TeensGive.org allows individuals in 9th-12th grade many opportunities to instruct peers online. Become a translator If you happen to be bilingual, there are plenty of ways in which you can contribute to a great cause right from your computer. For example, UNICEF presently needs five COVID-19-related documents translated from English to French. You could also consider joining the army of TED Translators who work on subtitling the inspirational videos so that they can be enjoyed by audiences around the globe. File historical documents Fans of history may be interested in becoming citizen file collectors for a non-profit organization such as the National Archives in Washington, D.C. Would you enjoy transcribing speeches made by Franklin Roosevelt, or cataloging Purple Hearts awarded between 1942 and 1963? These tasks are awaiting the help of virtual volunteers right now. During this tough time, just follow the words of Teddy Roosevelt to "do the best you can, with what you have, where you are". Online volunteer work may prove to be exactly that. 1. To help those with great educational losses, which of the following can we contact? A. UNICEF. B. TeensGive.org. C. Points of Light. D. The National Archives in Washington D.C. 2. Which opportunity best suits those who enjoy the speeches of celebrities? A Providing virtual COVID-19 assistance. B. Instructing students online. C. Becoming a translator. D. Filing historical documents. 3. What do the four volunteer jobs have in common? A. They can help raise funds. B. They offer necessary training. C. They allow one to work online. D. They help people with COVID-19. B My eye-opening years living among the locals in Nicaragua Having lived among the locals in Nicaragua (尼加拉瓜) or what is now three years, I’ve experienced cultural differences that are still alien to my British eyes. While I find it rather disgraceful to try to attract the attention of someone with a sound which a Brit would reserve only for calling animals, for him this is perfectly normal and polite. I also think it is rude to walk into a shop and say give me without a please or a thank you but he doesn’t and neither does the shopkeeper. I have also had to learn yet another foreign language of hand gestures and body language. “Come here” is always done with the palm down, smacking the elbows implies a person is tight with their money and the strangers one of all for me is — pointing with the lips the first few times this happened it looked like someone was blowing me a kiss — how wrongly I could have translated that one. Economic status of Nicaragua one of the poorest Central American nations, influences its culinary practices. I have to confess to becoming thoroughly bored with gallo pinto — the ubiquitous rice and beans dish of Nicaragua—after a few weeks but for many Nicaraguans this is breakfast, lunch and dinner, their whole life. It is the cheapest way to keep the family fed and where food is concerned nothing here is wasted. Can you imagine piling the entire family onto a scooter (小型摩托车)? It’s perfectly normal for Nicaraguans. Dad drives, the child old enough to stand is perched on the footplate holding onto the handlebars, a toddler clings onto dad’s back while mum with a babe in arms is riding (sometimes side-saddle) at the back. Even after three years, it still fascinates me that the locals can sit in a rocking chair outside their houses, doing nothing for hours, without getting bored. There have been times when i have been led to question my own attitudes and been shown levels of patience, bravery and positivity in the face of hardship which my own culture could learn a great deal from. 4. Which of the following actions is unusual for Nicaraguans? A. Pointing to the things they want with the lip. B. Showing their strength by smacking the elbows. C. Serving customers without saying “please” or “thank you”. D. Greeting with a sound of what a Brit thinks of as calling animals. 5. Which word can best replace the underlined word “culinary” in Paragraph 4? A. Trading. B. Cooking. C. Traveling. D. Communicating. 6. How many family members can be on a scooter according to the text? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 7. What does the writer think of Nicaraguan culture after there for three years? A. Strange and boring. B. Simple and uncivilized. C. Backward but fascinating. D. Surprising but worth learning. C New glove can translate sign language instantly through an app, researchers say California researchers developed a glove embedded with electronic sensors that can translate American Sign Language (ASL) into English in real time through an app on your smartphone. Unlike its past counterparts, the new glove is lightweight, inexpensive and long-lasting. The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers. Hopefully, this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them. The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device, simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them. The glove has thin, stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals. These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist, which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone. The system was able to recognize 660 hand motions and finger placements that stand for each letter in the English alphabet, different phrases and each number. The algorithm (计算程序) recognized the correct signs about 99% of the time, and in less than one second — or about a tone word per second. The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”. The same exact hand-shape and movement can totally change meaning because of the facial expression that is used to accompany it. Take the word MUCH. The degree of how much can totally be determined by the facial expression alone while the sign stays the same. Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores. 8. Who is the new glove intended for? A. Translators. B. Deaf people. C. English learners. D. Sign language users. 9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly say about the new glove? A. Its reliability. B. Its components. C. Its working principle. D. Its broad applications. 10. How do researchers improve the glove’s correctness of recognition? A. By connecting it to smartphones. B. By catching information from more angles. C. By lengthening the time of catching gestures. D. By inputting more letters and words in English. 11. What will researchers do with the glove in the future? A. Bring it to market. B. Update its outlook. C. Extend its service life. D. Improve its performance. D A team of researchers recently proposed that countries should aim to keep extinctions to “well below” 20 known species every year worldwide. And the idea is gaining concern. A target for limiting extinctions is not a new idea, and deserves serious consideration. Its feasibility（可行性）and consequences should be carefully assessed. There are many questions for researchers working in biodiversity to explore. For example, how does a target of 20 extinctions per year fit with *IPBES’s own assessment of biodiversity, which says that some one million species are at risk of extinction? Twenty extinctions per year—out of almost two million known species—is 10 times higher than the background extinction rate of two per year that existed before humans made a great contribution to extinctions. But it is considerably lower than today's estimates of species extinctions, which are over 1,000 times the background rate. Other questions include how to choose which species to conserve and who should make such choices. Would a single number give equal weight to all threatened species, or should those species that are more important to livelihoods and to ecosystem function be given priority for protection? And at what point would an extinction be declared, given that there is often a time lag（时滞）between a species going extinct and its being recorded as extinct in the Red List maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature? Given that IPBES’s lower estimate for as-yet unidentified plant and animal species is 8.1 million, what are the influences on species that have not yet been described? If policymakers focus resources on conserving known species, what risks might there be to species in parts of the world--such as the marine environment—where knowledge of biodiversity is weak, and which face continued unsustainable development? Any proposal to consider a single numerical target for biodiversity needs to be similarly assessed. IPBES—working with the UN biodiversity convention’s own scientific advisers—should be called on to advise. For this to happen, a small group of governments need to make a formal request for scientific advice to the UN convention, and they should do so without delay. *（IPBES）The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services 12. What is the estimated extinction rate today? A. 2 species per year. B. 20 species per year. C. Over 2,000 species per year D. Over 20,000 species per year 13 What should be assessed while setting a target for limiting extinctions? A. How an extinction would be declared B. What damage biodiversity loss would cause. C. Who should protect the endangered species. D. Which species should be chosen for protection. 14. Which of the following does the writer most probably agree with? A. All unknown species should be identified. B. IPBES should assess any target for biodiversity C. The UN convention can help with scientific advice D. Resources should be focused on conserving marine species. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. What Risks Might There Be to the Earth? B. What Can Be Done to Stop Biodiversity Loss? C. Should the Target for Limiting Extinctions Be Reset? D. Does the World Need a Single Target for Biodiversity? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Will a purpose-driven life help you five longer? Do you get joy out of volunteering or learning new skills in the class you’ve been taking? ____16____ As it turns out, being inspired by things in your life doesn’t just help your emotional well being it may keep you healthier. A 2019 JAMA Network Open study found that among a group of nearly 7.000 adults over age 50, those who scored highest on a scale that measured “life purpose” were less likely to die during the four-year study period. ____17____ “There have been a number of studies suggesting that a higher sense of purpose in life is associated with reduced risk of early death,” says Eric S. Kim, Ph. D., a visiting scientist in the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. “____18____ That’s an interesting advancement of knowledge.” So, what exactly is life purpose? Life purpose is defined differently by different people. ____19____ This purpose, the study authors said, helps make it more likely that you will engage in behaviors that are good for your health. Some studies also have been carried out to simply ask people what gives them a sense of purpose in life. ____20____ That may include family and relationships, community, helping others, learning new skills and taking part in leisure activities or hobbies, to name just a few. “I define it as the extent to which people experience their lives as being directed and motivated by valued life goals,” says Kim. A. People made a long list. B. If you said yes, it could help you live longer. C. Many factors contribute to their physical health. D. The study showed the role a sense of purpose plays in life. E. They were also less likely to die from heart or blood conditions. F. But in general it indicates that you have an aim in life and goals. G. But this study for the first time showed a purposeful life is linked with specific causes of death. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Single mother Suzanne Vaughan has been working long hours for England’s NHS at Queen Elizabeth Hospital. It was her own decision, but a ____21____ one that forced her to be apart from her ____22____ for nine weeks. After more than two months working round the clock in the ICU, she ____23____ had the chance to hug her daughters. On Sunday, she ____24____ appeared from behind the sofa, ____25____ Bella and Hettie, nine and seven, who had been staying with their aunt.” It was a really difficult ____26____ but it was a sacrifice that needed to be made.” She didn’t know how long it would be ____27____ she saw them again, and never ____28____ it to be nine weeks. “But so many others have made the same sacrifices to help people and ____29____ this virus. It was something I needed to do --- I started doing this job over 20 years ago ____30____ I wanted to help people.” “I put work first for nine weeks, but I think now it was time I put my girls first. Suzanne, ____31____ working 28 hours a week, ____32____ to work over 50 hours a week to help fight against the ____33____. The single mom phoned her daughters each day and they never let her wake up without a good morning text. Bella has nothing but ____34____ for her mother. “I think the NHS are really great people trying to ____35____ the world. She had to be away to save people --- she’s my hero.” 21. A. tough B. smart C. comfortable D. natural 22. A. co-workers B. children C. patients D. aunt 23. A. lately B. exactly C. eventually D. regularly 24. A. elegantly B. quickly C. awkwardly D. quietly 25. A. comforting B. hugging C. surprising D. welcoming 26. A. decision B. discussion C. expression D. information 27. A. when B. before C. as D. since 28. A. liked B. found C. followed D. expected 29. A. seek B. manage C. fight D. research 30. A. so B. because C. and D. but 31. A. normally B. frequently C. suddenly D. certainly 32. A. hoped B. needed C. offered D. stopped 33. A. gene B. virus C. enemy D. abuse 34. A. advice B. suspect C. evidence D. respect 35. A. protect B. see C. rescue D. make 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sarek National Park of Sweden is above the Arctic Circle, ____36____ the sun never sets in summer. I woke up to the sound of the wind ____37____(buffet) the cloth of my tent. Standing at the edge of the mountain, watching the Rapa River flow through the valley below, I feel ____38____(bless) to be alive and have the rare opportunity to explore this unique territory, which is unknown to the outside world. Sarek’s mountains, home to the Sami people, used to ____39____(cover) by vast sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving ____40____ about 100 glaciers. For hundreds of years,(look) after reindeer was a way of life the Sami. Today, most Sami have left their ancient cottages in the mountain valleys and live ___41___modern life in villages near Sarek instead. In 1909, Sarek ____42____(make) a national park to keep the land in its natural state. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their ____43____(tradition) way of life in the park, no one else is allowed to live in Sarek, and all new ____44____(develop) is banned within the park boundaries. It is hoped that, Sarek National Park will always remain _____45_____ it is, natural and beautiful. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校正在举行主题为“Hi-tech in My Life”的英语作文比赛，请你结合自身经历写一篇短文参赛，谈谈新科技带来的变化。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Steve was the most amazing person in all of Minneapolis, and he was my cousin. By the age of 19, Steve was a star baseball player at the University of Minnesota. I wanted to be exactly like him. So when Steve asked me to go with him on a spring fishing trip in northern Minnesota, I was excited! After planning the trip, we gathered clothes and supplies, and began our great adventure. We reached the Superior National Forest in northern Minnesota by early evening. On our way to the campsite, Steve pointed to a small house faraway in one of the mountains, saying that it was the ranger station (护林站) where the forester worked. Finally, after a long walk, we reached the campsite and set up the camp as the sun was setting. Steve knew all the tricks of an experienced wilderness camper. After we gathered enough wood from the forest, he started the campfire using only stone and steel — no matches. For supper we feasted on freeze­dried beef, wild rice and pea soup. I ate greedily after all that work. Tired enough, we climbed into our sleeping bags early and talked about our plans for fishing the next day. We were still talking quietly when a sudden north wind picked up; the temperature dropped and it began to snow. Steve found a way to increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a log (原木) from the forest to the opposite side of the campfire. Then he wrapped (包裹) aluminum foil (铝箔) around the log. The heat from the fire reflected off the foil and into the tent. Soon images of lake fish were filling my dreams. The snow had stopped, but sometime later a powerful wind must have kicked up the flames of our dying fire. I was abruptly awakened by Steve. Our tent was on fire. Frightened, I ran out of the tent immediately. The tent collapsed with Steve inside. Without any thought of endangering myself, I reached into the burning tent and pulled him to the icy lake. Fortunately, we were not seriously hurt. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二上学期第三次质量检测 英 语 (满分150分 考试用时120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，完成下面小题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，完成下面小题。 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，完成下面小题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，完成下面小题。 13. Why does the woman meet the map? A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. 14. What does the woman like about the carpet? A. Its color. B. Its design C. Its quality. 15. What does the man say about the kitchen?. well. A. It’s a good size. B. It’s newly painted. C. It’s adequately equipped. 16. What will the woman probably do next?. A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment. 听第10段材料，完成下面小题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students. 18. When did the speaker take English classes? A. Before he left his hometown. B. After he came to America. C. When he was 15 years old. 19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher? A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How education shaped his life. B How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer opportunities for high school students This year, high school students everywhere are suffering the loss of proms, graduation ceremonies, and everyday joys because of COVID-19. And yet, sometimes the ideal way to pull yourself away from your struggles is to find a selfless job. What follows are ways you can be of service from the safety of your own home. Provide virtual COVID-19 assistance Something as simple as becoming a digital advocate for the Red Cross can allow teens to make an impact on the crisis. This can involve actions like simply sharing Red Cross content across social media platforms or organizing an online fundraiser. Points of Light can connect you to a host of pandemic-oriented causes including writing letters to health care workers, or reducing food stress for needy families in your area. Instruct students online Low-income and minority students have suffered great educational losses during the pandemic, as technological barriers and under-resourced urban schools have only increased an already tragic achievement gap. TeensGive.org allows individuals in 9th-12th grade many opportunities to instruct peers online. Become a translator If you happen to be bilingual, there are plenty of ways in which you can contribute to a great cause right from your computer. For example, UNICEF presently needs five COVID-19-related documents translated from English to French. You could also consider joining the army of TED Translators who work on subtitling the inspirational videos so that they can be enjoyed by audiences around the globe. File historical documents Fans of history may be interested in becoming citizen file collectors for a non-profit organization such as the National Archives in Washington, D.C. Would you enjoy transcribing speeches made by Franklin Roosevelt, or cataloging Purple Hearts awarded between 1942 and 1963? These tasks are awaiting the help of virtual volunteers right now. During this tough time, just follow the words of Teddy Roosevelt to "do the best you can, with what you have, where you are". Online volunteer work may prove to be exactly that. 1. To help those with great educational losses, which of the following can we contact? A. UNICEF. B. TeensGive.org. C. Points of Light. D. The National Archives in Washington D.C. 2. Which opportunity best suits those who enjoy the speeches of celebrities? A. Providing virtual COVID-19 assistance. B. Instructing students online. C. Becoming a translator. D. Filing historical documents. 3. What do the four volunteer jobs have in common? A. They can help raise funds. B. They offer necessary training. C. They allow one to work online. D. They help people with COVID-19. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是告诉读者在疫情期间可以在安全的家里通过网络做志愿者的4种服务方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Low-income and minority students have suffered great educational losses during the pandemic, as technological barriers and under-resourced urban schools have only increased an already tragic achievement gap. TeensGive.org allows individuals in 9th-12th grade many opportunities to instruct peers online.(低收入和少数族裔学生在疫情期间遭受了巨大的教育损失，因为技术障碍和城市学校资源不足只会加剧本已悲惨的成绩差距。TeensGive.org网站允许9 -12年级的学生有很多机会在网上指导同龄人)”可知，如果学生遭受了很大的教育缺失，可以联系TeensGive.org。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Would you enjoy transcribing speeches made by Franklin Roosevelt, or cataloging Purple Hearts awarded between 1942 and 1963?(你喜欢抄写富兰克林·罗斯福的演讲，或者为1942年至1963年的紫心奖编目吗？)”可知，如果是喜欢名人演讲的就可以参加File historical documents这个活动。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。通过对4个活动分析可以发现，每一个活动都有通过网络进行服务的字眼：“across social media platforms or organizing an online fundraiser”、“to instruct peers online”、“from your computer”和“Online volunteer work may prove to be exactly that”。由此可知，4个活动的共同点就是，通过网络进行志愿者服务。故选C项。 B My eye-opening years living among the locals in Nicaragua Having lived among the locals in Nicaragua (尼加拉瓜) or what is now three years, I’ve experienced cultural differences that are still alien to my British eyes. While I find it rather disgraceful to try to attract the attention of someone with a sound which a Brit would reserve only for calling animals, for him this is perfectly normal and polite. I also think it is rude to walk into a shop and say give me without a please or a thank you but he doesn’t and neither does the shopkeeper. I have also had to learn yet another foreign language of hand gestures and body language. “Come here” is always done with the palm down, smacking the elbows implies a person is tight with their money and the strangers one of all for me is — pointing with the lips the first few times this happened it looked like someone was blowing me a kiss — how wrongly I could have translated that one. Economic status of Nicaragua, one of the poorest Central American nations, influences its culinary practices. I have to confess to becoming thoroughly bored with gallo pinto — the ubiquitous rice and beans dish of Nicaragua—after a few weeks but for many Nicaraguans this is breakfast, lunch and dinner, their whole life. It is the cheapest way to keep the family fed and where food is concerned nothing here is wasted. Can you imagine piling the entire family onto a scooter (小型摩托车)? It’s perfectly normal for Nicaraguans. Dad drives, the child old enough to stand is perched on the footplate holding onto the handlebars, a toddler clings onto dad’s back while mum with a babe in arms is riding (sometimes side-saddle) at the back. Even after three years, it still fascinates me that the locals can sit in a rocking chair outside their houses, doing nothing for hours, without getting bored. There have been times when i have been led to question my own attitudes and been shown levels of patience, bravery and positivity in the face of hardship which my own culture could learn a great deal from. 4. Which of the following actions is unusual for Nicaraguans? A. Pointing to the things they want with the lip. B. Showing their strength by smacking the elbows. C. Serving customers without saying “please” or “thank you”. D. Greeting with a sound of what a Brit thinks of as calling animals. 5. Which word can best replace the underlined word “culinary” in Paragraph 4? A. Trading. B. Cooking. C. Traveling. D. Communicating. 6. How many family members can be on a scooter according to the text? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 7. What does the writer think of Nicaraguan culture after there for three years? A. Strange and boring. B. Simple and uncivilized. C. Backward but fascinating. D. Surprising but worth learning. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在尼加拉瓜生活的一些经历和感受。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““Come here” is always done with the palm down, smacking the elbows implies a person is tight with their money and the strangers one of all for me is —pointing with the lips the first few times this happened it looked like someone was blowing me a kiss—how wrongly I could have translated that one.(“过来”总是用掌心向下的手势来表示，拍打肘部则暗示一个人手头拮据，而对我来说最陌生的是——用嘴唇指东西，一开始几次我以为有人在向我飞吻——我差点误解了这个意思。)”可知，通过拍打肘部来显示他们的力量对尼加拉瓜人来说是不寻常的。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I have to confess to becoming thoroughly bored with gallo pinto—the ubiquitous rice and beans dish of Nicaragua—after a few weeks but for many Nicaraguans this is breakfast, lunch and dinner, their whole life. It is the cheapest way to keep the family fed and where food is concerned nothing here is wasted.(我不得不承认，几周后我就对gallo pinto——一种在尼加拉瓜随处可见的米饭和豆子菜——感到彻底厌倦了，但对许多尼加拉瓜人来说，这是他们一生的早餐、午餐和晚餐。这是养家糊口最便宜的方式，在食物方面，这里没有任何浪费)”可知，后文主要讲述了尼加拉瓜的烹饪习惯。故划线词意思是“烹饪”。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Dad drives, the child old enough to stand is perched on the footplate holding onto the handlebars, a toddler clings onto dad’s back while mum with a babe in arms is riding (sometimes side-saddle) at the back.(爸爸开车，能站起来的孩子抓着车把坐在踏板上，一个蹒跚学步的孩子抱在爸爸的背上，妈妈抱着婴儿坐在后面（有时是侧座）)”可知，一辆滑板车可以坐5个家庭成员。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even after three years, it still fascinates me that the locals can sit in a rocking chair outside their houses, doing nothing for hours, without getting bored.(即使三年过去了，当地人可以坐在屋外的摇椅上，无所事事几个小时，也不会感到无聊，这一点仍然让我着迷)”可知，在尼加拉瓜生活了三年之后，作者认为尼加拉瓜文化令人惊讶但值得学习。故选D。 C New glove can translate sign language instantly through an app, researchers say California researchers developed a glove embedded with electronic sensors that can translate American Sign Language (ASL) into English in real time through an app on your smartphone. Unlike its past counterparts, the new glove is lightweight, inexpensive and long-lasting. The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers. Hopefully, this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them. The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device, simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them. The glove has thin, stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals. These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist, which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone. The system was able to recognize 660 hand motions and finger placements that stand for each letter in the English alphabet, different phrases and each number. The algorithm (计算程序) recognized the correct signs about 99% of the time, and in less than one second — or about a tone word per second. The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”. The same exact hand-shape and movement can totally change meaning because of the facial expression that is used to accompany it. Take the word MUCH. The degree of how much can totally be determined by the facial expression alone while the sign stays the same. Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores. 8. Who is the new glove intended for? A. Translators. B. Deaf people. C. English learners. D. Sign language users. 9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly say about the new glove? A. Its reliability. B. Its components. C. Its working principle. D. Its broad applications. 10. How do researchers improve the glove’s correctness of recognition? A. By connecting it to smartphones. B. By catching information from more angles. C. By lengthening the time of catching gestures. D. By inputting more letters and words in English. 11. What will researchers do with the glove in the future? A. Bring it to market. B. Update its outlook. C. Extend its service life. D. Improve its performance. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型手套，该手套由加州研究人员开发，内置传感器，能通过智能手机应用把美国手语实时翻译为英语，促进手语与非手语使用者间的沟通。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers. Hopefully, this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them. (该设备可以帮助消除手语使用者和非手语使用之间的沟通障碍。希望这能为使用手语的人与不使用手语的人直接交流开辟一条简单的途径，而不需要别人为他们翻译)”可知，这款新手套是为手语使用者设计的。故选D项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The glove has thin, stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals. These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist, which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone. (这款手套有细长的可伸缩传感器，由“导电纱线”制成，每个手指上都有传感器，可以将动作转化为信号。这些信号被发送到放置在人手腕上的一个“一美元硬币大小”的电路板上，然后被无线传输到智能手机上)”可知，本段主要介绍了这款新手套的工作原理。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”. (研究人员还在参与者的眉毛之间和嘴侧放置了传感器，以“捕捉作为美国手语一部分的面部表情”)”可推知，研究人员通过从更多角度捕捉手语的信息来提高手套的识别准确性。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores. (研究人员表示，这款手套需要学习更多的词汇，并能够更快地翻译手语，才能在商店中销售)”可推知，在未来，研究人员将进一步提高这款手套的性能。故选D项。 D A team of researchers recently proposed that countries should aim to keep extinctions to “well below” 20 known species every year worldwide. And the idea is gaining concern. A target for limiting extinctions is not a new idea, and deserves serious consideration. Its feasibility（可行性）and consequences should be carefully assessed. There are many questions for researchers working in biodiversity to explore. For example, how does a target of 20 extinctions per year fit with *IPBES’s own assessment of biodiversity, which says that some one million species are at risk of extinction? Twenty extinctions per year—out of almost two million known species—is 10 times higher than the background extinction rate of two per year that existed before humans made a great contribution to extinctions. But it is considerably lower than today's estimates of species extinctions, which are over 1,000 times the background rate. Other questions include how to choose which species to conserve, and who should make such choices. Would a single number give equal weight to all threatened species, or should those species that are more important to livelihoods and to ecosystem function be given priority for protection? And at what point would an extinction be declared, given that there is often a time lag（时滞）between a species going extinct and its being recorded as extinct in the Red List maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature? Given that IPBES’s lower estimate for as-yet unidentified plant and animal species is 8.1 million, what are the influences on species that have not yet been described? If policymakers focus resources on conserving known species, what risks might there be to species in parts of the world--such as the marine environment—where knowledge of biodiversity is weak, and which face continued unsustainable development? Any proposal to consider a single numerical target for biodiversity needs to be similarly assessed. IPBES—working with the UN biodiversity convention’s own scientific advisers—should be called on to advise. For this to happen, a small group of governments need to make a formal request for scientific advice to the UN convention, and they should do so without delay. *（IPBES）The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services 12. What is the estimated extinction rate today? A. 2 species per year. B. 20 species per year. C. Over 2,000 species per year D. Over 20,000 species per year 13. What should be assessed while setting a target for limiting extinctions? A. How an extinction would be declared B. What damage biodiversity loss would cause. C. Who should protect the endangered species. D. Which species should be chosen for protection. 14. Which of the following does the writer most probably agree with? A. All unknown species should be identified. B. IPBES should assess any target for biodiversity C. The UN convention can help with scientific advice D. Resources should be focused on conserving marine species. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. What Risks Might There Be to the Earth? B. What Can Be Done to Stop Biodiversity Loss? C. Should the Target for Limiting Extinctions Be Reset? D. Does the World Need a Single Target for Biodiversity? 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述最近一组研究者们提议，各国应致力于将全球每年的灭绝量保持在“远低于”二十种已知物种的水平，这种观点正引起关注。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第五句和第六句“Twenty extinctions per year—out of almost two million known species—is 10 times higher than the background extinction rate of two per year that existed before humans made a great contribution to extinctions. But it is considerably lower than today's estimates of species extinctions, which are over 1,000 times the background rate.”(每年20次物种灭绝——在近200万个已知物种中——比人类对物种灭绝做出重大贡献之前的背景灭绝率(每年两次)高出10倍。 但这比今天估计的物种灭绝率要低得多，后者是背景灭绝率的1000多倍)可知，今天预估的灭绝率是每年2*1000=2000次。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Its feasibility（可行性）and consequences should be carefully assessed. There are many questions for researchers working in biodiversity to explore.”(它的可行性和后果应该被仔细地评估。对于从事生物多样性的研究者们而言有许多问题去探索)以及第三段第一句“Other questions include how to choose which species to conserve”(其他的问题包括如何选择哪一个物种需要保护)可知，应评估哪个物种被选择保护。故选D项。 14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和第二句“Any proposal to consider a single numerical target for biodiversity needs to be similarly assessed. IPBES—working with the UN biodiversity convention’s own scientific advisers—should be called on to advise.”（任何考虑为生物多样性制定单一数字目标的建议都需要进行类似的评估。 ipbes——与联合国生物多样性公约自己的科学顾问合作——应该被邀请来提供建议）可知，联合国公约可以提供科学建议。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章通过讲述研究者们提议各国应致力于将全球每年的灭绝量保持好，以及限制灭绝目标设置中存在的问题。文章最后，讲述针对生物多样性的单独目标的任何提议需要被类似地评估。“限制物种灭绝的目标应该重新设定吗? ”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Will a purpose-driven life help you five longer? Do you get joy out of volunteering or learning new skills in the class you’ve been taking? ____16____ As it turns out, being inspired by things in your life doesn’t just help your emotional well being it may keep you healthier. A 2019 JAMA Network Open study found that among a group of nearly 7.000 adults over age 50, those who scored highest on a scale that measured “life purpose” were less likely to die during the four-year study period. ____17____ “There have been a number of studies suggesting that a higher sense of purpose in life is associated with reduced risk of early death,” says Eric S. Kim, Ph. D., a visiting scientist in the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. “____18____ That’s an interesting advancement of knowledge.” So, what exactly is life purpose? Life purpose is defined differently by different people. ____19____ This purpose, the study authors said, helps make it more likely that you will engage in behaviors that are good for your health. Some studies also have been carried out to simply ask people what gives them a sense of purpose in life. ____20____ That may include family and relationships, community, helping others, learning new skills and taking part in leisure activities or hobbies, to name just a few. “I define it as the extent to which people experience their lives as being directed and motivated by valued life goals,” says Kim. A. People made a long list. B. If you said yes, it could help you live longer. C. Many factors contribute to their physical health. D. The study showed the role a sense of purpose plays in life. E. They were also less likely to die from heart or blood conditions. F. But in general it indicates that you have an aim in life and goals. G. But this study for the first time showed a purposeful life is linked with specific causes of death. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有生活目标有可能会延长寿命，研究显示高的生活目标感可以降低早逝风险，尤其是心脏病死亡率。 【16题详解】 上文“Do you get joy out of volunteering or learning new skills in the class you’ve been taking?(你从志愿服务或在你所上的课上学习新技能中得到快乐吗？)”提出问题，B项“如果你说是的，它可以帮助你活得更久。”给出上文问题的答案，并引出下文“As it turns out, being inspired by things in your life doesn’t just help your emotional well being it may keep you healthier.(事实证明，受到生活中事物的激励不仅有助于你的情绪健康，还可能让你更健康)”，进一步说明生活中事物的激励可以对你有帮助。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“A 2019 JAMA Network Open study found that among a group of nearly 7.000 adults over age 50, those who scored highest on a scale that measured “life purpose” were less likely to die during the four-year study period.(2019年JAMA Network Open的一项研究发现，在近7000名50岁以上的成年人中，那些在衡量“生活目标”的量表上得分最高的人在四年的研究期间死亡的可能性较小)”说明生活目标高的人死亡的可能性较小，E项“他们死于心脏或血液疾病的可能性也更小。”承接上文内容，继续说明他们死亡可能性小，句式上also less likely to die是提示词，对上文进一步说明，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 上文“There have been a number of studies suggesting that a higher sense of purpose in life is associated with reduced risk of early death,(许多研究表明，更高的生活目标感与降低早逝风险有关)”说明研究表明生活目标高可以降低早逝风险，G项“但这项研究首次表明，有目的的生活与特定的死亡原因有关。”与上文形成转折关系，说明这项研究的结果，并引出下文“That’s an interesting advancement of knowledge.(这是一个有趣的知识进步)”，句中That指代G项中的研究结果，G项符合题意。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“So, what exactly is life purpose? Life purpose is defined differently by different people.(那么，生活目标究竟是什么？不同的人对生活目标的定义不同)”提问生活目标是什么，并提出人们对其的定义不同，F项“但总的来说，它表明你在生活和目标中有目的。”承接上文，并引出下文“This purpose, the study authors said, helps make it more likely that you will engage in behaviors that are good for your health.(研究作者说，这一目的有助于使你更有可能从事对健康有益的行为)”，F项中aim呼应下文的purpose，符合题意。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Some studies also have been carried out to simply ask people what gives them a sense of purpose in life.(一些研究也被进行，简单地问人们是什么给了他们生活目标感)”以及下文“That may include family and relationships, community, helping others, learning new skills and taking part in leisure activities or hobbies, to name just a few.(这可能包括家庭和人际关系、社区、帮助他人、学习新技能和参加休闲活动或爱好，仅举几例)”说明人们被询问什么给了自己生活目标，并举例进行说明，A项“人们列出了一个长长的清单。”承上启下，下文中That指代A项中的list，A项符合题意。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Single mother Suzanne Vaughan has been working long hours for England’s NHS at Queen Elizabeth Hospital. It was her own decision, but a ____21____ one that forced her to be apart from her ____22____ for nine weeks. After more than two months working round the clock in the ICU, she ____23____ had the chance to hug her daughters. On Sunday, she ____24____ appeared from behind the sofa, ____25____ Bella and Hettie, nine and seven, who had been staying with their aunt.” It was a really difficult ____26____ but it was a sacrifice that needed to be made.” She didn’t know how long it would be ____27____ she saw them again, and never ____28____ it to be nine weeks. “But so many others have made the same sacrifices to help people and ____29____ this virus. It was something I needed to do --- I started doing this job over 20 years ago ____30____ I wanted to help people.” “I put work first for nine weeks, but I think now it was time I put my girls first. Suzanne, ____31____ working 28 hours a week, ____32____ to work over 50 hours a week to help fight against the ____33____. The single mom phoned her daughters each day and they never let her wake up without a good morning text. Bella has nothing but ____34____ for her mother. “I think the NHS are really great people trying to ____35____ the world. She had to be away to save people --- she’s my hero.” 21. A. tough B. smart C. comfortable D. natural 22. A. co-workers B. children C. patients D. aunt 23. A. lately B. exactly C. eventually D. regularly 24. A. elegantly B. quickly C. awkwardly D. quietly 25. A. comforting B. hugging C. surprising D. welcoming 26. A. decision B. discussion C. expression D. information 27. A. when B. before C. as D. since 28. A. liked B. found C. followed D. expected 29. A. seek B. manage C. fight D. research 30. A. so B. because C. and D. but 31. A. normally B. frequently C. suddenly D. certainly 32. A. hoped B. needed C. offered D. stopped 33. A. gene B. virus C. enemy D. abuse 34. A. advice B. suspect C. evidence D. respect 35. A. protect B. see C. rescue D. make 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。因为想帮助别人，单亲母亲Suzanne牺牲和家人在一起的时光，在伊丽莎白女王医院工作，帮助对抗病毒。 【详解】1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是她自己的决定，但是一个艰难的决定，迫使她和她的孩子分开了9个星期。A.tough艰难的；B.smart聪明的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.natural自然的。根据下文“It was a really difficult”可知，这个决定是很艰难的决定。故选A。 2.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.co-workers同事们；B.children孩子们；C.patients病人们；D.aunt姑姑。根据前文可知，Suzanne Vaughan是一个单亲妈妈，所以此处指这个决定迫使她和她的孩子们分开。故选B。 3.考查副词词义辨析。句意：在重症监护室日以继夜地工作了两个多月后，她终于有机会拥抱她的女儿们。A.lately近来；B.exactly精确地；C.eventually最终；D.regularly定期地；有规律地。根据上文可知，她被迫和孩子分开两个多月，结合下文“had the chance to hug her daughters”，此处指她最终有机会来抱自己的女儿们。故选C。 4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：星期天，她悄悄地从沙发后面出现，给贝拉和海蒂一个惊喜，一个九岁，一个七岁，他们一直和阿姨住在一起。A.elegantly优雅地；B.quickly快速地；C.awkwardly笨拙地；不灵活地；D.quietly悄悄地。根据下文“who had been staying with their aunt.”可知此处指她悄悄地出现在的沙发的背后。故选D。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.comforting安慰；B.hugging拥抱；C.surprising惊讶；D.welcoming欢迎。根据前文“she 4　appeared from behind the sofa”，可知此处是她给孩子们一个惊喜。故选C。 6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个非常困难的决定，但这是一个必须做出的牺牲。A.decision决定；B.discussion讨论；C.expression表达；D.information信息。根据上文“”It was her own decision, but a 1　one，可知此处指这是一个非常困难的决定。故选A。 7.考查连词词义辨析。句意：她不知道要多久才能再次见到他们，也没想到会是九周。A.when当……时；B.before在……以前；C.as随着；D.since自从。根据下文“she saw them again”可知，此处指她不知道她再次看到孩子们有多久，即再见到孩子们之前要多少时间。故选B。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.liked喜欢；B.found找到；C.followed跟随；D.expected期待，预料。根据上文“She didn’t know”及“and never ”可知此处指她没有预料到时间会是9周。故选D。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是还有很多人做出了同样的牺牲，来帮助人们对抗这种病毒。A.seek寻找；探索；B.manage管理；经营；C.fight打架；搏斗；D.research研究。根据上文“But so many others have made the same sacrifices to help people”下文“this virus”，可知此处指人们做出牺牲来帮助人们和病毒对抗，故选C。 10.考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是我必须做的事——我20多年前开始做这份工作，因为我想帮助别人。A.so因此；B.because因为；C.and并且；D.but但是。根据上文“I started doing this job over 20 years ago”可知，此处表示我做这个工作的原因，故选B。 11.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Suzanne通常一周工作28小时，主动提出一周工作超过50小时，来帮助对抗病毒。A.normally通常；正常地；B.frequently频繁地；C.suddenly突然地；D.certainly肯定地。根据下文“working 28 hours a week,”可知此处指她通常一周需要工作28个小时。故选A。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hoped希望；B.needed需要；C.offered主动提供；D.stopped停止。根据下文“to work over 50 hours a week to help fight against the 　13”可知，此处指她主动提出要每周工作超过50小时。故选C。 13.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.gene基因；B.virus病毒；C.enemy敌人；D.abuse虐待。根据上文“to help people and 9　 this virus”可知此处指她超时工作是为了来帮助对抗病毒。故选B。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位单身母亲每天都给女儿打电话，她每天早上醒来都会收到一条早安短信。贝拉除了对她母亲敬意什么都没有。A.advice建议；B.suspect怀疑；C.evidence证据；D.respect敬意；尊敬。根据上文可知，这位单身母亲牺牲和家人在一起的时间，在医院工作，来帮助对抗病毒。这种精神让孩子们对母亲充满敬意。故选D。 15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我认为NHS真的是一个伟大的拯救世界的人们。A.protect保护；B.see看；C.rescue营救；救援；D.make制造。根据上文“Single mother Suzanne Vaughan has been working long hours for England’s NHS at Queen Elizabeth Hospital”及下文 “She had to be away to save people ”可知，此处指NHS，这些伟大的人是尽力的救助全世界的人们。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sarek National Park of Sweden is above the Arctic Circle, ____36____ the sun never sets in summer. I woke up to the sound of the wind ____37____(buffet) the cloth of my tent. Standing at the edge of the mountain, watching the Rapa River flow through the valley below, I feel ____38____(bless) to be alive and have the rare opportunity to explore this unique territory, which is unknown to the outside world. Sarek’s mountains, home to the Sami people, used to ____39____(cover) by vast sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving ____40____ about 100 glaciers. For hundreds of years,(look) after reindeer was a way of life the Sami. Today, most Sami have left their ancient cottages in the mountain valleys and live ___41___modern life in villages near Sarek instead. In 1909, Sarek ____42____(make) a national park to keep the land in its natural state. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their ____43____(tradition) way of life in the park, no one else is allowed to live in Sarek, and all new ____44____(develop) is banned within the park boundaries. It is hoped that, Sarek National Park will always remain _____45_____ it is, natural and beautiful. 【答案】36. where 37. buffeting 38. blessed 39. be covered 40. behind 41. a 42. was made 43. traditional 44. development 45. as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典的Sarek国家公园，包括其地理位置、自然景观、历史变迁、当地Sami人的生活方式变化，以及公园的保护措施和未来期望。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：瑞典的萨雷克国家公园在北极圈之上，那里夏天太阳永不落山。先行词是 Sarek National Park of Sweden，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where，故填where。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我醒来听到风拍打着我的帐篷。the wind和buffet是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语，故填buffeting。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：站在山边，看着拉帕河在下面的山谷中流淌，我感到活着是幸运的，并有难得的机会探索这片不为外界所知的独特领土。feel是系动词，后跟形容词，blessed意为“幸运的”，故填blessed。 39题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：萨雷克的山脉是萨米人的家园，曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖。used to do sth过去常常做某事，“山脉”和“覆盖”是被动关系，所以用be covered，故填be covered。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：大约9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100条冰川。leave behind留下，是固定短语，故填behind。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：今天，大多数萨米人已经离开了他们在山谷中的古老小屋，在萨雷克附近的村庄过上了现代生活。live a...life为固定短语，含义为“过……的生活”，故填a。 【42题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：1909年，萨雷克被建成一个国家公园，以保持其土地的自然状态。Sarek 和make是被动关系，根据时间状语In 1909，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was made。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然萨米人被允许在公园里继续他们的传统生活方式，但其他人不允许在萨雷克居住，公园范围内的所有新开发项目都被禁止。修饰名词way用形容词，traditional意为“传统的”，故填traditional。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。new修饰名词，development意为“发展；开发”，是不可数名词，故填development。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：希望萨雷克国家公园永远保持原样，自然而美丽。此处需要用连词引导方式状语从句，表示希望萨雷克国家公园保持的方式，故填as。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校正在举行主题为“Hi-tech in My Life”的英语作文比赛，请你结合自身经历写一篇短文参赛，谈谈新科技带来的变化。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 【答案】Possible versions： [1] Nowadays, hi-tech has been impacting on our daily life greatly. Take visiting museums for example. They are not merely places of looking and learning any longer. Thanks to modern technology, they allow visitors to participate and interact with exhibits, instead. Last summer, I went on a visit to the Shanghai Natural History Museum, where I experienced its immersive multi-media display for the first time. I really got a kick out of walking into history, experiencing the rise and fall of human civilization in person. Apparently, it is the advance of technology that is making static exhibits more interesting and attractive. [2] The boom of new technologies has been bringing us a lot more convenience in our lives. What has impressed me most is the way of communication. I used to keep in touch with foreign friends mostly via e-mails. Take Kathleen, the good friend I made when I took a summer camp in America, for example. Generally we keep writing emails to each other monthly. Thanks to WeChat, we are now able to keep a much closer bond, exchanging messages any time and making a video chat every weekend across the Pacific! [3] With the rapid development of modern technology, our life has changed a lot. Instead of paying in cash while shopping, I now mostly pay for everything with my smart phone. By scanning and clicking, I can buy what I need in a blink. And I don’t have to carry paper money or heavy coins any longer. Nor do I worry about losing my wallet. Non-cash payment has brought my life much convenience I enjoy the new chapter modern technology has revealed in my life. [4] I couldn’t help falling in love with mobile payment the first time I used it. It is convenient and safe, which has greatly changed my life. Taking buses is my daily routine. I had so much trouble finding coins for bus fare that I even missed the bus for once or two. Presently, mobile payment can not only solve the problem but also reduce chances of losing wallets. I do hope mobile payment will benefit more people like me with its advantages and I’m sure mobile payment will gain more popularity and recognition. [5] Thanks to the increasing development of science and technology, great advances have been made in all fields, including people’s daily life. Studying at school, I have access to digital library where I can find whatever I want in a second. The tedious manual procedures of borrowing books have been simplified to facial scanning. That is true of dining at the school cafeteria. During my leisure time, some hi-tech devices like a smart watch are making my work-out much easier. Technology is advancing so fast that the life in the near future may be beyond imagination! 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生结合自身经历写一篇短文参加你校正在举行的主题为“Hi-tech in My Life”的英语作文比赛，请你谈谈新科技带来的变化。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：influence →impact 仅仅：only →merely 多亏：owing to →Thanks to 参加：take part in →participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thanks to modern technology, they allow visitors to participate and interact with exhibits, instead. 拓展句：It is modern technology that allows visitors to participate and interact with the exhibits. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last summer, I went on a visit to the Shanghai Natural History Museum, where I experienced its immersive multi-media display for the first time.这句话运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。 [高分句型2] Apparently, it is the advance of technology that is making static exhibits more interesting and attractive.这句话运用了强调句。 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Steve was the most amazing person in all of Minneapolis, and he was my cousin. By the age of 19, Steve was a star baseball player at the University of Minnesota. I wanted to be exactly like him. So when Steve asked me to go with him on a spring fishing trip in northern Minnesota, I was excited! After planning the trip, we gathered clothes and supplies, and began our great adventure. We reached the Superior National Forest in northern Minnesota by early evening. On our way to the campsite, Steve pointed to a small house faraway in one of the mountains, saying that it was the ranger station (护林站) where the forester worked. Finally, after a long walk, we reached the campsite and set up the camp as the sun was setting. Steve knew all the tricks of an experienced wilderness camper. After we gathered enough wood from the forest, he started the campfire using only stone and steel — no matches. For supper we feasted on freeze­dried beef, wild rice and pea soup. I ate greedily after all that work. Tired enough, we climbed into our sleeping bags early and talked about our plans for fishing the next day. We were still talking quietly when a sudden north wind picked up; the temperature dropped and it began to snow. Steve found a way to increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a log (原木) from the forest to the opposite side of the campfire. Then he wrapped (包裹) aluminum foil (铝箔) around the log. The heat from the fire reflected off the foil and into the tent. Soon images of lake fish were filling my dreams. The snow had stopped, but sometime later a powerful wind must have kicked up the flames of our dying fire. I was abruptly awakened by Steve. Our tent was on fire. Frightened, I ran out of the tent immediately. The tent collapsed with Steve inside. Without any thought of endangering myself, I reached into the burning tent and pulled him to the icy lake. Fortunately, we were not seriously hurt. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version： Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation. Our campsite was in the deep of the forest, really far away from the highway. We were in the middle of nowhere, wearing only underwear, with our supplies burnt into ashes, including our cell phones. Even Steve was unsure what to do next. The only thing we could do was just to sit in the cold air and wonder how to get out of the forest. Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest. Anxiously we listened and stared into the darkness. A jeep appeared. A forester had spotted the light from the fire and had come to have a check. We jumped into the warm vehicle and the forester drove us to the ranger station, where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents. Steve and I had many more camping adventures from then on, but it was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend and equally, rather than a younger cousin. Our friendship continues to this day. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和表哥Steve去森林里露营，夜里下起了雪，天很冷，Steve生起了篝火，作者和表哥在温暖中入睡了。睡着后，帐篷起火了，作者把Steve拖出了帐篷，幸运的是，两人没有受重伤。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“后来，当我们站在燃烧的帐篷旁取暖时，我们考虑了我们的困境。”可知，第一段可描写作者和表哥当时所处的困境和想方设法摆脱困境（包括心理描写）。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，我们听到森林里有声音。”可知，第二段可描写两人获救的过程以及作者和表哥Steve的关系变化。 2. 续写线索：身处困境——不知道该怎么做——被护林员发现——得救——关系发生变化 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①出现：appear/turn up ②发现：spot/find ③打电话：call/ring 情绪类 ①焦急：anxiously/with anxiety 【点睛】【高分句型1】We jumped into the warm vehicle and the forester drove us to the ranger station, where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents. (由关系代词where引导非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Steve and I had many more camping adventures from then on, but it was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend and equally, rather than a younger cousin. (运用了强调句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$