内容正文:
Unit 5
Words and Expressions
在荒野之中蕴含着世界的存续。
——亨利·戴维·梭罗
The untouched, natural, and wild elements of the earth are essential for the planet's survival and well-being, so we should respect and protect the wild parts of our world if we want to ensure its continued existence and health.
Quote: In wildness is the preservation of the world.
派生:
charitable adj.仁慈的;宽恕的
charitably adv. 体谅地;仁慈地
uncharitable adj.刻薄的;苛刻的;冷酷的
charitableness n. 宽大;慈善.
搭配:
charity for the needy 施舍穷人
charity begins at home博爱始于自家
例句:
His work for the charity has earned him wide respect.
他为慈善事业所做的工作为他赢得了广泛的尊重。
charity n. 慈善机构,慈善团体
派生:
migration n. 迁徙;移民→migrator n. 移居者;候鸟→migratory adj.迁移的;流浪的
搭配:
migrate between 在…...之间迁移
migrate from the East 来自东方
migrate to the city 移居城市
例句:
Many people from rural areas migrate to big cities for better job opportunities.
许多来自农村地区的人迁移到大城市以寻求更好的工作机会。
migrate v. 移栖,迁徙
派生:
seeker n.寻找者;寻求者;追求者
搭配:
seek for... 寻找......
seek into 仔细检查
seek to do sth 设法做某事
seek out 找出;搜出;想获得
例句:We should seek the truth and not be deceived by false appearances.
我们应该寻求真理,不要被虚假的表象所欺骗。
seek v. 寻找,寻求
派生:
measureless adj. 无限的;极大地→measurement n. 测量,计量,估量
measurable adj. 可测量的,可度量的→measurably adv. 可测量地;可目视地
搭配:
v. measure up to 与…...相称
measure against 把…...同…...作比较 measure by 根据…...测量
measure for 为…...而给…...量尺寸 measure from 从…...开始测量
n. take measures to do sth采取措施做某事
make sth to sb's measure 按某人的尺寸制作某物
get/ take the measure of估计(某人的)性格或能力
例句:
They are using a new measure to evaluate students' performance.
他们正在使用一种新的衡量标准来评估学生的表现。
measure v. 量,测量;n.措施;计量单位;程度
派生:
positionally adv.位置上地;从位置上看
positioner n. 定位器;转动换位器→positional adj.位置上的;地位上的
搭配:
feel it one’s position ( to do sth)有责任(做某事)
position on 在…...方面的立场 take up the position主张
in position 在适当的位置 be in the position of 处在…...位置上
be in a position to do sth能够/有权做某事 be in no position to do sth不能够做某事
例句:
She changed her position on the issue after further consideration.
经过进一步考虑,她改变了在这个问题上的立场。
position n. 位置 v.安置;定位
派生:
determinable adj. 可决定的→determination n.决心,毅力→determined adj. 意志坚定的
搭配:
with determination坚决地
be determined to do sth (表状态) 决心做某事
determine sb against sth/doing sth使(某人)决定不做某事
determine on/upon 决心,决定 determine on (doing) sth决定(做)某事
determine to do sth (表动作) 决定做某事 determine sb to do sth使某人下决心做某事
例句:
The weather will determine whether we have a picnic or not.
天气将决定我们是否去野餐。
determine v. 测定,确定
派生:
amaze v.使大为惊奇,使惊愕→amazed adj. 惊讶的→amazement n.惊奇,惊愕
搭配:
be amazed at/ by对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth 对……做某事感到惊讶
to sb’s amazement令某人吃惊的是
in amazement吃惊地
例句:
It's amazing how quickly he can solve this difficult problem.
他解决这个难题的速度如此之快,真是令人惊讶。
amazing adj. 惊人的,了不起的
派生:
destroyer n. 毁灭者→destruction n.毁灭;破坏→destructive adj. 破坏(或毁灭)性的
辨析:
destroy v. 多指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏,含有不能或很难再修复的意味。
damage v. &n.多指对价值和功能的破坏,多用于无生命的事物,一般还可以修复。
ruin v.& n.多指出于外部原因而受到严重破坏以致不能修复,且这种破坏使某物失去价值或用处。也可用于引申意义,表示希望、愿望的破灭。
例句:
The accident destroyed her dream of becoming a dancer.
这场事故摧毁了她成为舞蹈家的梦想。
destroy v. 破坏,毁掉,摧毁
派生:
survivor n.幸存者→survival n.生存;存活;幸存;残存物;幸存事物
搭配:
survive on sth.靠……存活下来
survive from…从……存活下来
survive sb by …比某人多活……
例句:
In order to survive in the competitive market, the company has to innovate constantly. 为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存,这家公司必须不断创新。
survive v. 活下来,幸存
派生:
effective adj.有效的;生效的;起作用的
effectively adv.有效地;事实上
搭配:
in effect正在实行;实际上
have an effect on sb/sth对......有影响
with effect 有效力 take effect 开始起作用
come into effect生效;开始实施
例句:
Her words had a profound effect on me. 她的话对我产生了深远的影响。
effect n. 影响,结果 v.引起,使发生
派生:
accommodate v.容纳;提供住所
accommodating adj.乐于助人的;友善的
搭配:
accommodate oneself to… 适应……
accommodate sb with sth 为......提供......
例句:
In order to succeed in this job, you have to accommodate oneself to the high-pressure working environment.
为了在这份工作中取得成功,你必须使自己适应高压的工作环境。
accommodation n. 住处,工作场所
派生:
authoritative adj.命令式的;权威性的→authoritatively adv. 权威地;命令式地
authorize v.批准;授权 →authorization n.授权;批准→authoritarian adj.独裁主义的
搭配:
have the authority to do sth有权做某事
in authority当权的
on the authority of 根据…...
句式:
I have it on good authority (that)有可靠的人告诉我
例句:
We should act within the authority granted to us. 我们应该在授予我们的权限范围内行事。
authority n. 当权,权力
派生:
recovery n.康复,痊愈,重获
recoverable adj. 可恢复的;可弥补的;可收回的
搭配:
recover from从……中恢复
recover oneself 镇定下来;恢复知觉
recover from one's discouragement 从失望中恢复过来
例句:
The city is gradually recovering from the damage caused by the flood.
这座城市正在逐渐从洪水造成的破坏中恢复。
recover v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复
派生:
shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.震惊的,骇人的
搭配:
be/feel shocked at sth对…...感到震惊
be shocked to do sth做某事很震惊
shock sb into sth/v-ing使某人震惊从而处于…...
be a shock to sb对某人来说是一个打击
in (a state of) shock震惊地;惊愕地
例句:
The betrayal of her closest friend came as a shock to her.
她最亲密朋友的背叛让她感到震惊。
shock n. 吃惊,震惊 v.使震惊;使震动;使受电击
派生:
vary v.使有变化,使多样化 →various adj.各种各样的 →varied adj.多变的
搭配:
vary with 随…...而变化
vary in 在……方面不同
vary from A to B
=between A and B 从A到B不等;在A到B之间变化
例句:
The show includes a variety of performances. 这场演出包含了各种各样的表演。
variety n. 多样化,变化
派生:
concentration n. 专心;专注;全神贯注
concentrated adj. 全神贯注的,全力以赴的;浓缩的
搭配:
concentrate in 集中于某处
concentrate on (doing) sth 全神贯注于(做)某事
例句:
He concentrated his mind on the book and didn't notice my arrival.
他全神贯注地看书,没注意到我的到来。
concentrate v. 专注,专心;集中注意力 n.浓缩物;浓缩液
过去式: froze 过去分词: frozen
派生:
freezer n.冰箱;冷冻室→frozen adj.冷冻的→freezing adj.极冻的;严寒的
搭配:
freeze over(表面)结冰,封冻
freeze to 冻牢在…上面,牢牢地附在…上
freeze in 冻住 freeze off 拒绝…,拒绝接受
freeze onto依附于 freeze out (用竞争等)排斥
freeze up使冻结;变呆板(僵硬);(态度)变得非常冷淡
例句:
If you freeze the meat, it will keep longer. 如果你把肉冷冻起来,它能保存更久。
freeze v. 突然停止,呆住 n.冻结;严寒期
派生:
staring adj . 凝视的;注视的;盯着看的
搭配:
v. stare after 盯着…...的背影 stare at 盯着......;凝视...…
stare with 以(某种表情)盯着 stare out of sth 向外凝视
stare down/out 盯得(某人)不敢再看下去
n. with a cold stare 冷漠地凝视
辨析:stare at指由于惊愕、羡慕而睁大眼睛凝视;glare at强调怒视;glance at强调匆匆一看,扫视。
例句:
She stared out of the window, lost in thought. 她凝视着窗外,陷入沉思。
stare v. 凝视,盯着看 n.凝视
派生:
react v.反应;回应→reactive adj.反应的;起反应的
搭配:
react with与……起反应 react to 对……起反应/评价
react by 以…方式作出反应 react against 反对/反抗......
react on/upon 对…起作用/有影响
例句:
The return to traditional family values is a reaction against the permissiveness of recent decades. 传统家庭价值观的恢复是对近几十年来放纵自由的一种抗拒。
reaction n. (对某一情形或事件的)反应
搭配:
file away 把…...归档,排成纵队出发,把…...锉平
file off 排成纵队出发
file for 提出…...申请
file into 成纵队进入
file in 陆续编入;编入档内 file out鱼贯而出,陆续退出
on file 存档,有案可查 a file on有关…的资料
例句:
The clerk filed away the customer records at the end of each day.
每天结束时,职员都会把客户记录归档。
file n. 档案,文件 v. 把 ... 归档;提出(申请书、议案等)
monarch n. 君主,国王→monarchy n.君主制;君主政体;君主国→monarchist n.君主主义者 →monarchal adj. 国王的;帝王风度的
annual adj.一年一度的,每年的→annually adv.每年,一年一次→annualize v. 按年计算
migration n.迁徙→migrate v.移栖,迁徙
seek v.寻找,寻求→seeker n.探求者;搜查人
measure v.量,测量 n.措施;尺度→measurement n.测量;尺寸
determine v.测定,确定→determined adj.坚决的;有决心的
eventually adv.终于,最终→eventual adj.最后的→eventuality n. 不测的事;可能发生的事
solution n.解决,解决方法→solve vt.解决
amazing adj.惊人的,了不起的→amaze v.使惊讶→ amazed adj.惊讶的
survive v.活下来,幸存→survival n.幸存;残存物
effect n.影响,结果→effective adj.有效的;有影响的
accommodation n.住处,工作场所→accommodate v.容纳;提供住宿
recover v.(从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n.恢复
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variety n.多样化,变化→various adj.多种多样的
shock n.吃惊,震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的
concentrate v.专注,专心→concentration n.专心
freeze v.突然停止,呆住→freezing adj.寒冷的
reaction n.(对某一情形或事件的)反应→react vi.作出反应;回应
mystery n. 难以理解的事物,谜 adj.(仅用于名词前)神秘的→mysterious adj.神秘的,难以解释的;不可思议的
chemical n. 化学品 adj.化学的→chemist n.药剂师;化学家→chemically adv. 用化学方法→chemistry n.化学
breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的→breathtakingly adv. 惊人地
found v. 创立,创建→founder n.发起人,创办者;v.摔倒,失败,沉没→foundation n.根基;基础;基金(会)
photographer n. 摄像师 →photograph n.照片 v. 拍照 →photography n.摄影,摄影术
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Thanks
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