06 选择性必修二 Unit 6 Survival -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

选择性必修2 Unit 6 Survival 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.thief n. 小偷，贼 2．commit v. 犯(错误或罪行) 3．urban adj. 城镇的，城市的 4．flourish v. 生长茂盛，兴盛 5．estimate v. 估计，估算 6．migratory adj. 迁徙的 7．appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识 8．crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 9．hiker n. 徒步旅行者，远足者 10．indoors adv. 在室内 11．supplement v. 补充，增补，增加 12．eliminate v. 消除，根除 13．react v. (作出)反应 14．monthly adj. 每月一次的 15．advanced adj. 高级的；先进的 16．wipe v. 擦，拭，揩 17．terrifying adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 18．orbit v. 环绕……运行 19．stunning adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 20．consist v. 由……组成 21．infer v. 推断，推定 22．dust n. 沙土，尘土 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1．advanced adj. 高级的；先进的→advance n. 进步；预先；发展；提高　v. (使)向前移动；使提前；发展→advancement n. 促进；发展；晋升 2．consumption n. (精力，油，电等的)消耗量；消费→consumer n. 消费者→consume v. 消耗 3．unmanned adj. 无人驾驶(操纵)的→manned adj. 有人控制的，需人操纵的 4．terrifying adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→terror n. 恐怖；恐怖行为；令人讨厌的人→terrify v. 使恐惧，使惊吓→terrified adj. 非常害怕的；极度惊恐的 5．crime n. 罪，罪行→criminal n. 罪犯　adj. 犯罪的，犯法的 6．hiker n. 徒步旅行者，远足者→hike n．& v. 远足；徒步旅行 7．optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的→optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义→optimist n. 乐观主义者；乐天派 8．crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键的→crucially adv. 关键地；至关重要地 9．greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的→greed n. 贪欲；贪婪→greedily adv. 贪食地；贪婪地 10．fierce adj. 恶劣的，极端的→fiercely adv. 猛烈地；厉害地→fierceness n. 凶猛；强烈 11．monthly adj. 每月一次的→month n. 月 12．migratory adj. 迁徙的→migrate v. 移动；随季节而移居→migrant adj. 移居的→migration n. 迁移；移民 13．dust n. 沙土，尘土→dusty adj. 落满灰尘的 14．consist v. 组成→consistent adj. 一致的，连续的，相符的→consistency n. 连贯性，一致性，黏稠度 15．container n. 容器→contain v. 包含；控制；容纳 16．predator n. 掠食动物，捕食性动物→predatory adj. 掠夺的，掠夺成性的 17．infer v. 推断，推定→inference n. 推理；推论；推断 18．expose v. 使暴露(于险境)→exposed adj. 暴露的，不遮挡风雨的，无遮蔽的→exposure n. 暴露 19．urban adj. 城镇的，城市的→urbanization n. 都市化 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1．run away 逃跑 2．out of reach 够不着 3．under construction (正在)修建中 4．throw away 扔掉 5．figure out 想出，理解，弄清 6．fit in with 适应，符合，与……一致 7．on offer 提供的；供使用的；待售的 8．crash into 撞到 9．at speeds of 以……速度 10．die from 死于…… 11．amount to 达到 12．adapt to 适应，适合 13．for sure 确信 14．be combined with 和……结合 15．split up 分解，分开；(两人)分手 16．whether ... or 无论……还是…… 17．be diagnosed with 被诊断为 18．in trouble 处于困境之中 19．under pressure 在压力下 20．cope with 应付 21．bring ... under control 使……处于控制之下 22．get rid of 摆脱，除去 23．wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭 24．take place 发生 25．consist of 由……构成，由……组成 26．in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 27．leave__... alone 听……自便，不打扰…… 28．be caught in 陷入…… 29．lose contact with 和……失去联系 30．be short of 短缺……，缺乏…… 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① estimate v. 估计，估算(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)In my ________ (estimate) a lot of other banks are going to have the same problem. ②(朗文当代)The tree is estimated ________ (be) at least 700 years old. ③(牛津高阶)Police estimate the crowd ________ 30，000. 答案：①estimation　②to be　③at 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)据估计，这项工程将持续四年。 ____________________ the project will last four years. 答案：④It is estimated that ② appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识(教材P63) [名师点津]　appreciate作“感激，感谢”讲时，其宾语不能直接接人。 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)We would appreciate you ________ (let) us know of any problems. ②(剑桥高阶)Children rarely show any ________ (appreciate) of what their parents do for them. ③(朗文当代)I'd appreciate ________ if you let me get on with my job. 答案：①letting　②appreciation　③it 　单句表达 ④(剑桥高阶)如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来，我将不胜感激。 ________________________ you could let me know in advance whether or not you will be coming. 答案：④I would appreciate it if ③ restrict v. 限制，控制(教材P64) 　单句语法填空 ①We should restrict the number of students per class ________ 20 to guarantee the teaching quality. ②(牛津高阶)There are currency ________ (restrict) on the sums allowed for foreign travel. ③(牛津高阶)Access to the club is ________ (restrict) to members only. 答案：①to　②restrictions　③restricted 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)在城里车速不得超过每小时30英里。 Speed ________________ 30 mph in towns. 答案：④is restricted to ④ expose v. 使暴露(于险境)(教材P70) 　单句语法填空 ①Take care not to keep your children ________ (expose) to the bad books, websites and magazines. ②(剑桥高阶)You should always limit your ________ (expose) to the sun. ③(牛津高阶)You could be exposing yourself ________ unnecessary risks when driving alone. 答案：①exposed　②exposure　③to 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 We want to ____________________ as much art and culture as possible. 答案：④expose the kids to for sure 确定地，无疑地(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)England must win this game to be sure ________ qualifying for the World Cup. ②(牛津高阶)They scored another goal and made sure ________ victory. ③(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Also, if you are allergic (过敏) to any medicines, be sure ________ (mention) that to your doctor. ④Your dream will come true ________ sure as long as you do your best. 答案：①of　②of　③to mention　④for 　单句表达 ⑤(2021·全国乙卷)确保旅游业为游客和主人提供了积极的体验。 ________________________________________________ both the visitors and the hosts. 答案：⑤Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for ① as引导的状语从句 As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats.(教材P62)随着我们的城市绿化越来越好，它们为寻找新栖息地的动物提供了越来越具吸引力的空间。 (1)as引导时间状语从句，意为 “随着；一边……一边……”， 多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生。 (2)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”。 (3)as引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管”，从句通常用倒装语序(把从句的表语、状语或动词原形放在as前面，单数可数名词提前时应省掉冠词)。 (4)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，依照”。 (5)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”，从句常省略与主句相同的部分。 (6)as作关系代词时，可以引导非限制性定语从句，放在主句前后均可，后面的谓语动词多是see，know, expect, say, mention, report等；which引导非限制性定语从句时不能位于主句之前。 　写出as在下列句中的词义 ①(2021·全国乙卷)The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.________ ②(剑桥高阶)As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.________ ③(剑桥高阶)Angry as he was, he couldn't help smiling.________ ④(牛津高阶)Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to? ________ ⑤(2021·浙江高考)There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it.________ 答案：①随着　②因为，由于　③虽然，尽管　④按照，依照　⑤像……一样 句型转换(将下列句子改为as引导的让步状语从句) ⑥Though he is a child, he likes to be treated like an adult. →________________， he likes to be treated like an adult. ⑦Though he is young, he knows as many as five languages. →________________， he knows as many as five languages. ⑧Though it was raining hard, they went on working in the field. →________________________， they went on working in the field. 答案：⑥Child as he is　⑦Young as he is　⑧Hard as it was raining 　单句表达 ⑨入乡随俗。 When in Rome, _____________________________________________. ⑩众所周知，通过引入新的法律，中国有效地表明了对其开放的承诺，这将有助于其高质量的发展。 ________________， by introducing new laws, China is effectively showing commitment to its opening－up that will contribute to its high－quality development. 答案：⑨do as the Romans do　⑩As is well－known ② 替代词 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.(教材P68)最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境与其他行星相比不那么恶劣。 替代词that, those, it, one, ones的区别： (1)that表示特指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于the＋单数名词；代替复数名词时用those。 (2)it表示特指，用来指代上文提到的同一个事物，可替代单数名词或不可数名词。 (3)one表示泛指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词，相当于a/an＋单数名词。代替复数名词时使用ones。 　选词填空(that/those/it/one/ones) ①(剑桥高阶)I've got a few books on Chinese food. You can borrow ________ if you like. ②(朗文当代)This little beast is a lemur and ________ lives in Madagascar. ③(朗文当代)In my opinion, the finest wines are ________ from France. ④(朗文当代)His own experience was different from ________ of his friends. ⑤(剑桥高阶)Would you make a copy for everybody in the office and a few extra ________ for the visitors? 答案：①one　②it　③those　④that　⑤ones 　单句表达 ⑥北京的夏天比南京凉爽得多。 The weather in Beijing is much cooler than ________________ in summer. ⑦(牛津高阶)这里的薪水比我国的高。 Salaries are higher here ______________________． 答案：⑥that in Nanjing　⑦than those in my country （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 1．(朗文当代)________ (thief) broke into the offices and stole $150，000's worth of computer equipment. 答案：Thieves 2．(朗文当代)It was 30 years before he told anyone of his ________ (terrify) experience. 答案：terrifying 3．(朗文当代)Some children are never exposed ________ classical music. 答案：to 4．(朗文当代)A lot can ________ (infer) from these statistics. 答案：be inferred 5．(剑桥高阶)Membership is restricted ________ chief executive officers. 答案：to 6．Now that you can't change what has happened, you can change how you react ________ it. 答案：to 7．(剑桥高阶)These products are not for national ________ (consume), but for export. 答案：consumption 8．Samsung Galaxy S21 features the latest and most ________ (advance) smartphone chipset. 答案：advanced 9．He is regarded as one of the wealthiest persons in the world, whose personal wealth ________ (estimate) at around $90 billion. 答案：is estimated 10．I'd appreciate ________ if you could take my tips into account and I do hope that your paper will make a difference to environmental protection. 答案：it Ⅱ.选词填空 consist of; for sure; fit in with; under construction; wipe out; take place; run away; crash into; split up; cope with 1．(朗文当代)I wasn't sure if she would ____________ my friends. 答案：fit in with 2．(牛津高阶)Whole villages were ____________ by the earthquake. 答案：wiped out 3．(牛津高阶)The new railway is still ____________． 答案：under construction 4．Our class ____________ 20 boys and 25 girls and they are divided into 5 teams. 答案：consists of 5．(牛津高阶)We have never discovered what ________ that night. 答案：took place 6．(剑桥高阶)It must be difficult to ____________ three small children and a job. 答案：cope with 7．(牛津高阶)A truck went out of control and ____________ the back of a bus. 答案：crashed into 8．(朗文当代)I thought she'd ____________ with her boyfriend. 答案：split up 9．(柯林斯词典)They never became tame; they would ____________ if you approached them. 答案：run away 10．(剑桥高阶)One thing's _______—once the baby's born, your lives will never be the same again. 答案：for sure Ⅲ.单句表达 1．(剑桥高阶)无论你选择什么地方居住，总会有不利之处。 ________________________________， there are always going to be disadvantages. 答案：Wherever you choose to live 2．(剑桥高阶)我走进大楼时看见了他。 I saw him ______________________________． 答案：as I was coming into the building 3．(剑桥高阶)有没有科学证据表明一个人的性格反映在他的笔迹上？ ________________________________ a person's character is reflected in their handwriting? 答案：Is there any scientific evidence that 4．(朗文当代)我们别无选择，只能消灭这只动物。 We ________________________ the animal. 答案：had no choice but to destroy 5．(朗文当代)在法国期间，她对美酒产生了兴趣。 While she was in France she ________________________ fine wines. 答案：developed a taste for （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 句型公式：Only＋状语(从句)位于句首引起的部分倒装 (教材原句)Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有这样，我们才能寻求和谐地共享我们的城市居住地。 当“only＋状语(从句)”位于句首时，其后习惯上用部分倒装。句型为“Only＋状语(从句)＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他”。 (1)“only＋主语”放在句首时不能使用倒装结构。 (2)“only＋状语从句”结构中，状语从句不能使用倒装结构，即所谓的“主(句)倒从(句)不倒”。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①Only when Lily walked into the office ________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. ②Only with all your time and energy ________ you do the job well. 能力提升——微写作 ③只有当我在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时，我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。 Only when ________________________________________________________ it was important to have a good command of spoken English. 一　词形转换练 1．[2022·全国甲卷]Cao believes this will make the ________ (hike) trip even more meaningful. 2．[2022·北京卷]Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread ________ (consume) of sugary drinks by kids. 3．[2022·全国乙卷]Very small drones (无人机) with ________ (advance) sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. 4．Though he got what he had wanted, he looked at the shop window with ________ (greed) eyes. 5．His parents are trying to make up to him for the ________ (restrict) of urban living. 6．It ________ (estimate) that over 50% of all crashes in the U．S. are caused by driver distraction. 二　固定搭配和句型 1．We have taken on extra staff to cope ________ the increased workload. 2．At last the man had no choice but ________ (admit) to stealing the computer from the office. 3．I would extremely appreciate ________ if I have a chance to receive your approval. 4．It's the best way to get rid ________ your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. 5．They were not sure how the Americans would react ________ the new type of music. 三　清除阅读障碍 熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性和词义 1．Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.________ 2．Gradually, he appreciated the importance of cooperation with colleagues and was used to cooperating with them.________ 一词多义——根据语境选出fuel的含义 A.v.刺激　B．v.给……加燃料　C．n.燃料 3．Each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel．________ 4．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.________ 5．The helicopter has already been fuelled and is ready to take off.________ 四　完成句子/句式升级 1．[2022·浙江6月卷]最近，我们学校图书馆一个新装修的包括八个小组学习室的区域已经向同学们开放了。 Recently, a newly-furnished section, ________________________________， has been open to us students in our school library. 2．这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。 The fact ________________________________________________ has worried many scientists. 3．只有用这种方法我们才能消灭敌军。(only句首， wipe) ________________________________________________________________________ the enemy troops. 4．When children are exposed to difficult situations, they are better at handling challenging situations. (分词短语作状语) →________________________， children are better at handling challenging situations. ①did　②can　③I won the first prize in the spoken English contest did I realize 一 1．hiking　2.consumption　3.advanced　4.greedy 5．restrictions　6.is estimated 二 1．with　2.to admit　3.it　4.of　5.to 三 1．n.轨道　2.v.意识到　3.C　4.A　5.B 四 1．consisting of eight Group Learning Rooms 2．that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years 3．Only in this way can we wipe out 4．Exposed to difficult situations $$选择性必修2 Unit 6 Survival 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. n. 小偷，贼 2． v. 犯(错误或罪行) 3． adj. 城镇的，城市的 4． v. 生长茂盛，兴盛 5． v. 估计，估算 6． adj. 迁徙的 7． v. 欣赏；赏识 8． adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 9． n. 徒步旅行者，远足者 10． adv. 在室内 11． v. 补充，增补，增加 12． v. 消除，根除 13． v. (作出)反应 14． adj. 每月一次的 15． adj. 高级的；先进的 16． v. 擦，拭，揩 17． adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 18． v. 环绕……运行 19． adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 20． v. 由……组成 21． v. 推断，推定 22． n. 沙土，尘土 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1． adj. 高级的；先进的→ n. 进步；预先；发展；提高　v. (使)向前移动；使提前；发展→ n. 促进；发展；晋升 2． n. (精力，油，电等的)消耗量；消费→ n. 消费者 → v. 消耗 3． adj. 无人驾驶(操纵)的→ adj. 有人控制的，需人操纵的 4． adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→ n. 恐怖；恐怖行为；令人讨厌的人 → v. 使恐惧，使惊吓→ adj. 非常害怕的；极度惊恐的 5． n. 罪，罪行→ n. 罪犯　adj. 犯罪的，犯法的 6． n. 徒步旅行者，远足者→ n．& v. 远足；徒步旅行 7． adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的→ n. 乐观；乐观主义 → n. 乐观主义者；乐天派 8． adj. 至关重要的，关键的→ adv. 关键地；至关重要地 9． adj. 贪婪的，贪心的→ n. 贪欲；贪婪 → adv. 贪食地；贪婪地 10． adj. 恶劣的，极端的→ adv. 猛烈地；厉害地 → n. 凶猛；强烈 11． adj. 每月一次的→ n. 月 12． adj. 迁徙的→ v. 移动；随季节而移居 → adj. 移居的→ n. 迁移；移民 13． n. 沙土，尘土→ adj. 落满灰尘的 14． v. 组成→ adj. 一致的，连续的，相符的 → n. 连贯性，一致性，黏稠度 15． n. 容器→ v. 包含；控制；容纳 16． n. 掠食动物，捕食性动物→ adj. 掠夺的，掠夺成性的 17． v. 推断，推定→ n. 推理；推论；推断 18． v. 使暴露(于险境)→ adj. 暴露的，不遮挡风雨的，无遮蔽的 → n. 暴露 19． adj. 城镇的，城市的→ n. 都市化 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1． 逃跑 2． 够不着 3． (正在)修建中 4． 扔掉 5． 想出，理解，弄清 6． 适应，符合，与……一致 7． 提供的；供使用的；待售的 8． 撞到 9． 以……速度 10． 死于…… 11． 达到 12． 适应，适合 13． 确信 14． 和……结合 15． 分解，分开；(两人)分手 16． 无论……还是…… 17． 被诊断为 18． 处于困境之中 19． 在压力下 20． 应付 21． 使……处于控制之下 22． 摆脱，除去 23． 彻底摧毁，消灭 24． 发生 25． 由……构成，由……组成 26． 在此期间，与此同时 27． 听……自便，不打扰…… 28． 陷入…… 29． 和……失去联系 30． 短缺……，缺乏…… 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① estimate v. 估计，估算(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)In my ________ (estimate) a lot of other banks are going to have the same problem. ②(朗文当代)The tree is estimated ________ (be) at least 700 years old. ③(牛津高阶)Police estimate the crowd ________ 30，000. 　 单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)据估计，这项工程将持续四年。 ____________________ the project will last four years. ② appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识(教材P63) [名师点津]　appreciate作“感激，感谢”讲时，其宾语不能直接接人。 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)We would appreciate you ________ (let) us know of any problems. ②(剑桥高阶)Children rarely show any ________ (appreciate) of what their parents do for them. ③(朗文当代)I'd appreciate ________ if you let me get on with my job. 　 单句表达 ④(剑桥高阶)如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来，我将不胜感激。 ________________________ you could let me know in advance whether or not you will be coming. ③ restrict v. 限制，控制(教材P64) 　 单句语法填空 ①We should restrict the number of students per class ________ 20 to guarantee the teaching quality. ②(牛津高阶)There are currency ________ (restrict) on the sums allowed for foreign travel. ③(牛津高阶)Access to the club is ________ (restrict) to members only. 　 单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)在城里车速不得超过每小时30英里。 Speed ________________ 30 mph in towns. ④ expose v. 使暴露(于险境)(教材P70) 　 单句语法填空 ①Take care not to keep your children ________ (expose) to the bad books, websites and magazines. ②(剑桥高阶)You should always limit your ________ (expose) to the sun. ③(牛津高阶)You could be exposing yourself ________ unnecessary risks when driving alone. 　 单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 We want to ____________________ as much art and culture as possible. for sure 确定地，无疑地(教材P63) 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)England must win this game to be sure ________ qualifying for the World Cup. ②(牛津高阶)They scored another goal and made sure ________ victory. ③(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Also, if you are allergic (过敏) to any medicines, be sure ________ (mention) that to your doctor. ④Your dream will come true ________ sure as long as you do your best. 　 单句表达 ⑤(2021·全国乙卷)确保旅游业为游客和主人提供了积极的体验。 ________________________________________________ both the visitors and the hosts. ① as引导的状语从句 As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats.(教材P62)随着我们的城市绿化越来越好，它们为寻找新栖息地的动物提供了越来越具吸引力的空间。 (1)as引导时间状语从句，意为 “随着；一边……一边……”， 多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生。 (2)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”。 (3)as引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管”，从句通常用倒装语序(把从句的表语、状语或动词原形放在as前面，单数可数名词提前时应省掉冠词)。 (4)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，依照”。 (5)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”，从句常省略与主句相同的部分。 (6)as作关系代词时，可以引导非限制性定语从句，放在主句前后均可，后面的谓语动词多是see，know, expect, say, mention, report等；which引导非限制性定语从句时不能位于主句之前。 　 写出as在下列句中的词义 ①(2021·全国乙卷)The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.________ ②(剑桥高阶)As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.________ ③(剑桥高阶)Angry as he was, he couldn't help smiling.________ ④(牛津高阶)Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to? ________ ⑤(2021·浙江高考)There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it.________ 句型转换(将下列句子改为as引导的让步状语从句) ⑥Though he is a child, he likes to be treated like an adult. →________________， he likes to be treated like an adult. ⑦Though he is young, he knows as many as five languages. →________________， he knows as many as five languages. ⑧Though it was raining hard, they went on working in the field. →________________________， they went on working in the field. 　 单句表达 ⑨入乡随俗。 When in Rome, _____________________________________________. ⑩众所周知，通过引入新的法律，中国有效地表明了对其开放的承诺，这将有助于其高质量的发展。 ________________， by introducing new laws, China is effectively showing commitment to its opening－up that will contribute to its high－quality development. ② 替代词 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. (教材P68)最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境与其他行星相比不那么恶劣。 替代词that, those, it, one, ones的区别： (1)that表示特指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于the＋单数名词；代替复数名词时用those。 (2)it表示特指，用来指代上文提到的同一个事物，可替代单数名词或不可数名词。 (3)one表示泛指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词，相当于a/an＋单数名词。代替复数名词时使用ones。 　 选词填空(that/those/it/one/ones) ①(剑桥高阶)I've got a few books on Chinese food. You can borrow ________ if you like. ②(朗文当代)This little beast is a lemur and ________ lives in Madagascar. ③(朗文当代)In my opinion, the finest wines are ________ from France. ④(朗文当代)His own experience was different from ________ of his friends. ⑤(剑桥高阶)Would you make a copy for everybody in the office and a few extra ________ for the visitors? 　 单句表达 ⑥北京的夏天比南京凉爽得多。 The weather in Beijing is much cooler than ________________ in summer. ⑦(牛津高阶)这里的薪水比我国的高。 Salaries are higher here ______________________． （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 1．(朗文当代)________ (thief) broke into the offices and stole $150，000's worth of computer equipment. 2．(朗文当代)It was 30 years before he told anyone of his ________ (terrify) experience. 3．(朗文当代)Some children are never exposed ________ classical music. 4．(朗文当代)A lot can ________ (infer) from these statistics. 5．(剑桥高阶)Membership is restricted ________ chief executive officers. 6．Now that you can't change what has happened, you can change how you react ________ it. 7．(剑桥高阶)These products are not for national ________ (consume), but for export. 8．Samsung Galaxy S21 features the latest and most ________ (advance) smartphone chipset. 9．He is regarded as one of the wealthiest persons in the world, whose personal wealth ________ (estimate) at around $90 billion. 10．I'd appreciate ________ if you could take my tips into account and I do hope that your paper will make a difference to environmental protection. Ⅱ.选词填空 consist of; for sure; fit in with; under construction; wipe out; take place; run away; crash into; split up; cope with 1．(朗文当代)I wasn't sure if she would ____________ my friends. 2．(牛津高阶)Whole villages were ____________ by the earthquake. 3．(牛津高阶)The new railway is still ____________． 4．Our class ____________ 20 boys and 25 girls and they are divided into 5 teams. 5．(牛津高阶)We have never discovered what ________ that night. 6．(剑桥高阶)It must be difficult to ____________ three small children and a job. 7．(牛津高阶)A truck went out of control and ____________ the back of a bus. 8．(朗文当代)I thought she'd ____________ with her boyfriend. 9．(柯林斯词典)They never became tame; they would ____________ if you approached them. 10．(剑桥高阶)One thing's _______—once the baby's born, your lives will never be the same again. Ⅲ.单句表达 1．(剑桥高阶)无论你选择什么地方居住，总会有不利之处。 ________________________________， there are always going to be disadvantages. 2．(剑桥高阶)我走进大楼时看见了他。 I saw him ______________________________． 3．(剑桥高阶)有没有科学证据表明一个人的性格反映在他的笔迹上？ ________________________________ a person's character is reflected in their handwriting? 4．(朗文当代)我们别无选择，只能消灭这只动物。 We ________________________ the animal. 5．(朗文当代)在法国期间，她对美酒产生了兴趣。 While she was in France she ________________________ fine wines. （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 句型公式： Only＋状语(从句)位于句首引起的部分倒装 (教材原句)Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有这样，我们才能寻求和谐地共享我们的城市居住地。 当“only＋状语(从句)”位于句首时，其后习惯上用部分倒装。句型为“Only＋状语(从句)＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他”。 (1)“only＋主语”放在句首时不能使用倒装结构。 (2)“only＋状语从句”结构中，状语从句不能使用倒装结构，即所谓的“主(句)倒从(句)不倒”。 基础练习—— 单句语法填空 ①Only when Lily walked into the office ________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. ②Only with all your time and energy ________ you do the job well. 能力提升——微写作 ③只有当我在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时，我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。 Only when ________________________________________________________ it was important to have a good command of spoken English. 一　词形转换练 1．[2022·全国甲卷]Cao believes this will make the ________ (hike) trip even more meaningful. 2．[2022·北京卷]Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread ________ (consume) of sugary drinks by kids. 3．[2022·全国乙卷]Very small drones (无人机) with ________ (advance) sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. 4．Though he got what he had wanted, he looked at the shop window with ________ (greed) eyes. 5．His parents are trying to make up to him for the ________ (restrict) of urban living. 6．It ________ (estimate) that over 50% of all crashes in the U．S. are caused by driver distraction. 二　固定搭配和句型 1．We have taken on extra staff to cope ________ the increased workload. 2．At last the man had no choice but ________ (admit) to stealing the computer from the office. 3．I would extremely appreciate ________ if I have a chance to receive your approval. 4．It's the best way to get rid ________ your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. 5．They were not sure how the Americans would react ________ the new type of music. 三　清除阅读障碍 熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性和词义 1．Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.________ 2．Gradually, he appreciated the importance of cooperation with colleagues and was used to cooperating with them.________ 一词多义——根据语境选出fuel的含义 A.v.刺激　B．v.给……加燃料　C．n.燃料 3．Each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel．________ 4．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.________ 5．The helicopter has already been fuelled and is ready to take off.________ 四　完成句子/句式升级 1．[2022·浙江6月卷]最近，我们学校图书馆一个新装修的包括八个小组学习室的区域已经向同学们开放了。 Recently, a newly-furnished section, ________________________________， has been open to us students in our school library. 2．这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。 The fact ________________________________________________ has worried many scientists. 3．只有用这种方法我们才能消灭敌军。(only句首， wipe) ________________________________________________________________________ the enemy troops. 4．When children are exposed to difficult situations, they are better at handling challenging situations. (分词短语作状语) →________________________， children are better at handling challenging situations. $$