2025届高考英语复习状语从句讲解讲义

状语从句 一．定义：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等。 注意：对谓语或者整个句子起修饰作用的就是状语。 ①状语修饰谓语动词：He smiled gently. 他温柔地笑了。“温柔”是“笑”的方式 ②状语修饰整个句子：Unfortunately, he was laid off.be laid off.不幸的是，他被辞退了。不幸的是“被辞退”这件事。 2. 状语的位置：位置多变，句首、句尾、句中在所修饰的词旁边。 如：I go to work by bus. 介词短语by bus作方式状语，修饰go to work 三. 状语 1. 副词作状语 如：He ran quickly. quickly修饰谓语ran 如：Cork always floats. always修饰谓语float 2. 介词短语作状语 如：In the morning, I was late. 早上我迟到了，in the morning修饰整个句子，说明句子主干发生的时间。 3. 非谓语动词作状语 如：Walking on the street, I met Allen.走在街上时，我遇到了Allen。现在分词短语作状语，修饰整个句子 如：Seen from the mountain, this city looks beautiful.从山上看，这座城市很漂亮。过去分词短语作状语，修饰整个句子。 如：To be a manger, you should have the ability to handle your team’s workload and conflicts effectively. 要成为一个管理者，你应该有处理整个小组工作量的能力和有效处理冲突的能力。 不定时结构，to be a manger修饰整个句子，说明“你应该这样”的目的。 4. 从句作状语 如：When I came in, she was watching TV.从句when I came in修饰整个句子，说明“她在看电视”的时间。 四．状语从句的类型及常用关联词 1. 时间状语从句：when, while, before, after, until, as说明主句发生的时间。 如：When I was walking on the street, I met Allen. 注：㈠when, while和as的用法 ①when所引导的句子通常是“从过主过进行”，如：I was reading a book when she came into my room. ②while所引导的句子刚好跟when相反；此外while还可以表对比，当从句和主句都是过去进行时时，只能用while 如：While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. While they were talking, the bell rang. ③as译作 “一边……一边”、“随着……”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生 如：We always sing as we walk. As you grow, you will know more and more. 练习：用when, while或as填空 1.I like playing football you like playing basketball. 2. he grew older, he became less active. 3. the teacher came in, we were talking. 4. I was reading, she came in. ㈡before与after的用法 ①before表示“在……之前”,当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。“从过主过完” 如：It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来 My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 ②after（在……之后）：表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时，则从句多用过去完成时。 如：After we had finished the work, we went home. 完成工作之后，我们回家了。 练习： 1.It will be five years  I come back. 2.They had sailed along that route for months  they reached the land. 3. they had sailed along that route for months, they reached the land. ㈢since的用法 ①since表示“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；从句常用一般过去时。 如：I have returned home twice   I settled down in the States.自从我定居美国后，我回过两次家。 They have been living very happily    they got married.自从结婚后他们一直生活得很幸福。 ㈣till，until和not...until...的用法 ①until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。 如：Have you heard the meeting will be put off      next Tuesday? ②not...until...表示“直到……才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。 如：As far as I know，his mother     go to bed        he returns home every evening. 据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。 ㈤表示“一……就……，刚……就……”的常用表达 ①表示“一……就……”的表达as soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，the instant 如：     I heard the voice, I knew Father was coming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。 ②表示“刚……就……”的表达no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 如：He had      finished his speech      the students started cheering. ＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering. 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。 练习：用适当的词填空 1. had I sat down he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。 2.I will go there I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 3. I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 2. 地点状语从句：表示地点、方位，通常由where，wherever引导，可置于句首、句中或句尾 如：He traveled where I wanted to go. We should go wherever we are most needed,我们要去最需要我们的地方。 3. 原因状语从句：由because, since, as, now that，in that，considering(that)等词引导 ①because译作“因为”，表示直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。 如：——Why didn’t he come yesterday? ——Because he had something important to do. ②as译作“由于”，语气较轻，常表示显而易见的原因；since(既然)，now that(既然)，in that(因为)，表示双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as，since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。 如：Since I don’t have money, I can’t buy it. 4. 目的状语从句：常见引导词：in order that, so that, in case 如：I will speak loudly so that you can hear me. 5. 条件状语从句：if，unless，so/as long as(只要)，no condition that(条件是)，if only(＝if)，provided that(如果)， in case(万一，如果)，suppose/supposing that(假设，如果)，assuming that等均可引导条件状语从句，“主将从现” 如：Unless it rains, we will go to the park. 练习：用所给词的适当形式填空 1.If we work hard, we (find) a way out. 2.If everyone       (take) his part, the project will surely be a success. 6. 结果状语从句：so that因此，so(后接形容词)…that, such(接名词)…that, enough to, result in, therefore, thus, in case, lest 如：He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（如此...以至于） He is old enough to take care of himself.（足够…以至于能够） She took her umbrella with her lest it rain.(以防万一） 练习：用so或such填空 1.He made an excellent speech that everyone admired him. 2.He made excellent a speech that everyone admired him. 7. 让步状语从句的关联词：although, though, even though, even if, no matter, wh-ever, despite Though和although语气较弱（其中的though比although通俗，不如although正式）， even if和even though带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如： 如：Although they are poor ,they are happy yet.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐 The article is very important though it is short.那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。 Even though it was raining, she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。 8. 方式状语从句：as, as if, as though, the way, like, as if/though引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气， 如：He spoke as if he had witnessed it. She did it the way her teacher taught her. He behaves like a child. 9. 比较状语从句：than, as…as, not so/as...as, the more…the more… 如：He runs faster than his father. The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.你越努力学习，就会取得越大的进步。 特殊用法： 1. while可以引导让步状语从句，意思同“although虽然，尽管”，放在句首。 如：While I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties. 虽然我很同情，但是我也没办法做太多来帮他们度过难关。 2. while还可以表示转折，意思同but，放在句中。He likes English, while I like Chinese. 3. as 引导让步状语从句时，为了强调让步的内容，常常用倒装结构 形容词副词名词（前面没有冠词）} + as+主+谓实义动词分词短语much（much as虽然，尽管） 如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. Hard as he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem. 练习：单项选择 1．_________ you are old enough to make your own judgement, you should start to pursue your career. A．Even if B．As though C．Ever since D．Now that 2．________our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies, even if they live on the other side of the world. A．However B．Whatever C．Wherever D．Whichever 3．________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally. A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless 4．________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though 5．Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. A．because B．until C．before D．although 6．We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school. A．unless B．once C．whether D．because 7．—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. A．Only if B．Even though C．Now that D．In case 8．__________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him. A．If B．Since C．Although D．Until 9．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support. A．since B．once C．unless D．after 10．Watch out for injuries while exercising. Always stop you begin to feel any pain. A．in order that B．even if C．ever since D．as soon as 11．Make sure you save all your work on screen____the computer breaks down. A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 12．We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it. A．while B．after C．before D．as 13．_______you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier. A．Unless B．Although C．Before D．Once 14．_____ small, the company has about 1000 buyers in over 30 countries. A．As B．If C．Although D．Once 15．Everything was placed exactly ______ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. A．while B．when C．where D．though 16．I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, 　　 do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin. A．as B．which C．when D．though 17． 　　 regular exercise is very important，it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. A．It B．As C．Although D．Unless 18．We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ________ it rains or it's very cold. A．since B．if C．unless D．until 19．Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down, whereas for paper, the period is much shorter. A．when B．before C．since D．after 20．_____ decision you make, it will ultimately shape the course of your life and determine your future happiness and success. A．Whichever B．Whatever C．Whenever D．Wherever 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 状语从句 一．定义：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等。 注意：对谓语或者整个句子起修饰作用的就是状语。 ①状语修饰谓语动词：He smiled gently. 他温柔地笑了。“温柔”是“笑”的方式 ②状语修饰整个句子：Unfortunately, he was laid off.be laid off.不幸的是，他被辞退了。不幸的是“被辞退”这件事。 2. 状语的位置：位置多变，句首、句尾、句中在所修饰的词旁边。 如：I go to work by bus. 介词短语by bus作方式状语，修饰go to work 三. 状语 1. 副词作状语 如：He ran quickly. quickly修饰谓语ran 如：Cork always floats. always修饰谓语float 2. 介词短语作状语 如：In the morning, I was late. 早上我迟到了，in the morning修饰整个句子，说明句子主干发生的时间。 3. 非谓语动词作状语 如：Walking on the street, I met Allen.走在街上时，我遇到了Allen。现在分词短语作状语，修饰整个句子 如：Seen from the mountain, this city looks beautiful.从山上看，这座城市很漂亮。过去分词短语作状语，修饰整个句子。 如：To be a manger, you should have the ability to handle your team’s workload and conflicts effectively. 要成为一个管理者，你应该有处理整个小组工作量的能力和有效处理冲突的能力。 不定时结构，to be a manger修饰整个句子，说明“你应该这样”的目的。 4. 从句作状语 如：When I came in, she was watching TV.从句when I came in修饰整个句子，说明“她在看电视”的时间。 四．状语从句的类型及常用关联词 1. 时间状语从句：when, while, before, after, until, as说明主句发生的时间。 如：When I was walking on the street, I met Allen. 注：㈠when, while和as的用法 ①when所引导的句子通常是“从过主过进行”，如：I was reading a book when she came into my room. ②while所引导的句子刚好跟when相反；此外while还可以表对比，当从句和主句都是过去进行时时，只能用while 如：While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. While they were talking, the bell rang. ③as译作 “一边……一边”、“随着……”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生 如：We always sing as we walk. As you grow, you will know more and more. 练习：用when, while或as填空 1.I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 2.As he grew older, he became less active. 3.When the teacher came in, we were talking. 4.While I was reading, she came in. ㈡before与after的用法 ①before表示“在……之前”,当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。“从过主过完” 如：It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来 My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 ②after（在……之后）：表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时，则从句多用过去完成时。 如：After we had finished the work, we went home. 完成工作之后，我们回家了。 练习： 1.It will be five years before I come back. 2.They had sailed along that route for months before they reached the land. 3.After they had sailed along that route for months, they reached the land. ㈢since的用法 ①since表示“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；从句常用一般过去时。 如：I have returned home twice  since  I settled down in the States.自从我定居美国后，我回过两次家。 They have been living very happily   since they got married.自从结婚后他们一直生活得很幸福。 ㈣till，until和not...until...的用法 ①until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。 如：Have you heard the meeting will be put off  till/until   next Tuesday? ②not...until...表示“直到……才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。 如：As far as I know，his mother    doesn’t  go to bed    until    he returns home every evening. 据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。 ㈤表示“一……就……，刚……就……”的常用表达 ①表示“一……就……”的表达as soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，the instant 如：  The minute  I heard the voice, I knew Father was coming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。 ②表示“刚……就……”的表达no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 如：He had   no sooner   finished his speech   than   the students started cheering. ＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering. 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。 练习：用适当的词填空 1.Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。 2.I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 3.As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 2. 地点状语从句：表示地点、方位，通常由where，wherever引导，可置于句首、句中或句尾 如：He traveled where I wanted to go. We should go wherever we are most needed,我们要去最需要我们的地方。 3. 原因状语从句：由because, since, as, now that，in that，considering(that)等词引导 ①because译作“因为”，表示直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。 如：——Why didn’t he come yesterday? ——Because he had something important to do. ②as译作“由于”，语气较轻，常表示显而易见的原因；since(既然)，now that(既然)，in that(因为)，表示双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as，since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。 如：Since I don’t have money, I can’t buy it. 4. 目的状语从句：常见引导词：in order that, so that, in case 如：I will speak loudly so that you can hear me. 5. 条件状语从句：if，unless，so/as long as(只要)，no condition that(条件是)，if only(＝if)，provided that(如果)， in case(万一，如果)，suppose/supposing that(假设，如果)，assuming that等均可引导条件状语从句，“主将从现” 如：Unless it rains, we will go to the park. 练习：用所给词的适当形式填空 1.If we work hard, we will find (find) a way out. 2.If everyone    take  (take) his part, the project will surely be a success. 6. 结果状语从句：so that因此，so(后接形容词)…that, such(接名词)…that, enough to, result in, therefore, thus, in case, lest 如：He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（如此...以至于） He is old enough to take care of himself.（足够…以至于能够） She took her umbrella with her lest it rain.(以防万一） 练习：用so或such填空 1.He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him. 2.He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him. 7. 让步状语从句的关联词：although, though, even though, even if, no matter, wh-ever, despite Though和although语气较弱（其中的though比although通俗，不如although正式）， even if和even though带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如： 如：Although they are poor ,they are happy yet.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐 The article is very important though it is short.那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。 Even though it was raining, she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。 8. 方式状语从句：as, as if, as though, the way, like, as if/though引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气， 如：He spoke as if he had witnessed it. She did it the way her teacher taught her. He behaves like a child. 9. 比较状语从句：than, as…as, not so/as...as, the more…the more… 如：He runs faster than his father. The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.你越努力学习，就会取得越大的进步。 特殊用法： 1. while可以引导让步状语从句，意思同“although虽然，尽管”，放在句首。 如：While I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties. 虽然我很同情，但是我也没办法做太多来帮他们度过难关。 2. while还可以表示转折，意思同but，放在句中。He likes English, while I like Chinese. 3. as 引导让步状语从句时，为了强调让步的内容，常常用倒装结构 形容词副词名词（前面没有冠词）} + as+主+谓实义动词分词短语much（much as虽然，尽管） 如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. Hard as he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem. 练习：单项选择 1．_________ you are old enough to make your own judgement, you should start to pursue your career. A．Even if B．As though C．Ever since D．Now that 2．________our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies, even if they live on the other side of the world. A．However B．Whatever C．Wherever D．Whichever 3．________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally. A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless 4．________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though 5．Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. A．because B．until C．before D．although 6．We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school. A．unless B．once C．whether D．because 7．—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. A．Only if B．Even though C．Now that D．In case 8．__________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him. A．If B．Since C．Although D．Until 9．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support. A．since B．once C．unless D．after 10．Watch out for injuries while exercising. Always stop you begin to feel any pain. A．in order that B．even if C．ever since D．as soon as 11．Make sure you save all your work on screen____the computer breaks down. A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 12．We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it. A．while B．after C．before D．as 13．_______you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier. A．Unless B．Although C．Before D．Once 14．_____ small, the company has about 1000 buyers in over 30 countries. A．As B．If C．Although D．Once 15．Everything was placed exactly ______ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. A．while B．when C．where D．though 16．I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, 　　 do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin. A．as B．which C．when D．though 17． 　　 regular exercise is very important，it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. A．It B．As C．Although D．Unless 18．We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ________ it rains or it's very cold. A．since B．if C．unless D．until 19．Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down, whereas for paper, the period is much shorter. A．when B．before C．since D．after 20．_____ decision you make, it will ultimately shape the course of your life and determine your future happiness and success. A．Whichever B．Whatever C．Whenever D．Wherever DBABA CBCCD ACDCC ACCBB 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$