第03讲 高考写作类型 - 2025高三英语一轮高效精准复习备考

第三讲 高考写作类型 类型一 提纲类作文 典例研习、解题技法 假定你是李华，你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会,并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris,向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人，邮件内容包括: 1.阐明写信事由: 2.征求建议: 3.表示感谢。 注意:1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 [2021全国卷甲] 满分范文 Dear Chris, It's been a long time since we last met. How is everything? I'm kind of busy recently, for our school is planning to hold a class meeting with the theme of introducing traditional Chinese culture. Meanwhile, the activity will be posted on an English website. I was appointed to take charge of the activity, which worries me a lot. Faced with difficulties, I have to turn to you for help. Since you have always been interested in Chinese culture, I sincerely hope that you can tell me what traditional Chinese culture attracts you foreigners most and why. I know it's not an easy question to answer, but any advice from you will be of great help in accomplishing my task. I would appreciate it if you could give me any idea. I am looking forward to receiving your earliest reply. Yours Li Hu 写作指导 1.审题谋篇 (1)主题:向外国朋友求助 (2)体裁:应用文 (3)时态:以一般现在时为主 (4)人称:以第一人称为主 (5)结构: 第一段 叙述事情背景,引出正文内容，第二段 征询对方建议，第三段 表达感谢 2. 遣词造句 高级词汇 (1)精微，有点--- (2)对.....感兴趣--- (3)向某人寻求帮助--- (4)盼望着--- 答案:(1)kind of (2) be interested in(3) turn to sb for help (4)look forward to 写作技巧 书信、邮件类及其他信息类作文一般是以提纲式作文的形式出现并进行考查，命题人往往通过给定的写作要点,或者较为宽泛的要求,让考生紧紧围绕中心进行写作。 1.认真审题，确定“基调”。通过题目所给的文字信息,加以适当的细节,确定文章的主题、表述要点、体裁、时态及人称等。 2.列出提纲,明确主题。首先弄清题目与提纲之间的关系。提纲只是对文章的提示和概括,但不是主题句。需要根据提纲,写出完整的、体现主旨的句子,使之成为主题句。 3.围绕主题,细化扩展。要使整篇写作内容充实,言之有理,且层次感强，考生在写作过程中必须紧紧围绕主题展开具体叙述,且要注意句与句、段与段之间的连贯性。 4.有始有终,凤头豹尾。一篇优秀的写作,开头和结尾部分尤为重要。写作之始，必须能够吸引读者的眼球,让其有强烈的意愿读下去;收尾之处要有力度,切勿拖泥带水，要既能体现作者的总结,又能发人深思。 素材积累 1.开头常用句式 It's great to hear from you. I feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history. I'd like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. I an a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation。 2.衔接常用句式 The main reason why... is that... The reasons are as follows, Take... for example. Besides, we should not neglect that... As far as I'm concerned, I'm in favor of the first view. 3.结尾常用句式 Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know. If you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information. I am sure that with great efforts, we will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here. I am looking forward to your earliest reply.I am sure you will have a good time at the party. 分层必刷、 提分要义 A 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括: 1 .分析优势与不足; 2.提出学习建议。 注意:1.词数 100左右; 2.题目和首句已为你写好。 Be smart online learners Online learning has become an important way to learn recently. But being smart online learners has its advantages and disadvantages, There are some advantages. First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden our horizons. Besides,we can take the initiative in our study by ourselves without time and space limit. The disadvantages are as follows. On the one hand, faced with all kinds of information on the Internet, we can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life. On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections,making it difficult for us not to be affected. In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient。[2021全国卷乙] B 昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传稿，内容包括: 1.展览时间、地点 2.观展感受 3.推荐观展 注意:1.词数 100左右 2. 可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯 B [参考范文] In order to enrich students' after-school life, an exhibition of students’traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school, which sparks a growing love for traditional art.The exhibition is held on the first floor of the school library, Most of the students think highly of this exhibition,which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art, Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures,but also you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. The exhibition will last for two weeks,during which every student is welcome to visit.[2021浙江卷] 类型二图画图表类作文 典例研习、解题技法 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记述整个过程。 注意:词数不少于60。提示词:西瓜watermelon [2019北京卷] 满分范文 Last week I took part in a farm work programme in the suburbs. At the class meeting, our teacher told us that it was a programme with the theme"Labour is the most glorious". And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands. When I got home, I packed up my luggage for the trip. On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under the burning sun. When I came back home, I shared my experiences with my parents. And they were very proud of me. 写作指导 1.审题谋篇 (1)主题:记述以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动(2)体裁:记叙文 (3)时态:以一般过去时为主 (4)人称:以第一人称为主 (5)结构:第一段介绍活动的内容;第二段描述为活动所做的准备 第三段描述在农场的劳动过程; 第四段表达活动感受 2.遗词造句高级词汇 (1)参加__ (2)打包行李 (3)强调……的重要性(4)为……感到骄傲 答案:(1)take part in(2)pack up luggage(3)stress the importance of...(4)be proud of... 句式升级 (1) 在班会上,老师告诉我们这次活动的主题是“劳动最光荣”。 At the class meeting, our teacher told us ----it was a programme withthe theme “Labour is the most glorious". (2)在干活的时候,我意识到在田间烈日下劳作是多么艰苦。 While working, I realised----- to work in the fields under the burning sun.While 答案:(1)that(2)how hard it was 写作技巧 图画图表类作文主要是以图画和图表为载体,附带少量文字提示或说明,要求考生从观察入手,通过对图画或图表中所含信息的理解,发挥想象力,按照一定的顺序把图画或图表的内容准确、生动地表述出来。这就要求考生具有一定的观察能力、推理能力和语言组织能力。 1.图文结合定主题。图画图表类作文的关键之一就是要透过现象看本质,深入挖掘隐含信息和写作主题。对于图画内容的理解要清晰明确，不能模棱两可、含糊不定，要力求通过“小故事”提炼出“大道理”;对于图表内容的理解要抓住要点,准确、恰当地描述出图表中所反映的信息。 2.分析图画图表定体裁。图画图表类作文的图画包括组图、对比图、单张图、柱状图等形式。组图类似于连环画,一般是由多幅图片组成,体裁通常为记叙文;对比图要求观察出两幅或更多幅图之间的相同或不同之处,并分析产生这种不同的原因,体裁通常为说明文;单张图往往通过生动的图画传递深刻的思想,需要在描述图片的基础上发表感想或者分析问题,体裁通常为议论文;柱状图类往往用数字说话，需要在描述客观事实的基础上揭示事物的现象,体裁多为说明文。 3.合理联想巧发挥。议论性图画作文可以通过举例的方式发挥,常常用现在时;叙事性图画作文往往从人物的动作、心理活动等方面着手,以增强叙述的连贯性和故事的完整性,常常用过去时。 素材积累 1.第一段:描述图画 As is vividly shown in the picture above...(图画内容)The picture tells us that....(图画蕴含的含义) 2.第二段:解释、说明和分析图画 The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously. First/To begin with...(解释含义/原因/结果)Second/What's more...(解释含义/原因/结果)Last but not least/Finally...(解释含义/原因/结果)And the social problem has aroused the great concern/care of our whole society/world/ all the people. 3. 第三段:给出自己的看法以及解决问题的办法 In my view/In my point of view/As for me, we should take some measures/ steps as follows to deal with the problems shown in the picture. First, we should...(具体措施)And then we have to/must...(具体措施)Only in these ways can we solve the problem of...(具体问题) 分层必刷提分要义 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿,内容包括: 1.学习活动状况描述; 2.简单评论; ①体裁应用文; 3.你的建议。 注意:1.词数 100左右; 2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。 写作分析；①体裁应用文 人称:第三人称 时态:一般现在时为主 ②要点:活动状况，简单评论，建议 ③使用高级词汇，固定搭配和高级句式 ④书写规范. [参考范文] Learning English Beyond the Classroom There are many things we can do to learn English well. In order to find out the approaches to learning English beyond the classroom, we conducted a survey among students. First, 18% of the students prefer to read English books. Next, listening to English songs is the most popular way. 65% of the students consider it as their favorite way in English learning. After that, half of the students view watching English movies as the most effective way to practice English. What's more, 12% of the students choose to visit English-learning websites to enhance English skills. In my opinion, reading books and visiting websites can enhance students' writing skills while listening to English songs and watching English movies are beneficial to improving their spoken English. My suggestion is that students should try multiple ways when learning English so that they can find the way which fits them most。 [2020北京卷] 类型三 (半)开放类作文 典例研习、解题技法 你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题,举办英语征文比赛,请你写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括: 1.海洋的重要性: 2.保护海洋的倡议。 注意:1.词数 100左右; 2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。 Our Oceans,Our Responsibility June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.aims to raise people's awareness of protecting the oceans. Why should we protect the oceans? The reason is that they provide various benefits. To begin with, the oceans are significant sources of food. With the world population growing, We are relying on the oceans more and more for survival. In addition, not only do the oceans produce much oxygen, but they world population growing, we are relying on the oceans more and more for absorb much carbon dioxide, which remarkably contributes to regulating the Earth's climate. Also, vast amounts of medicinal products come from the vans.including ingredients that help fight cancer and heart disease. However, the oceans are being damaged. Huge as they are. they are more sensitive than we think. Thus, it is high time that we took effective measures to protect them. Otherwise,future generations will not forgive us. 写作指导 1.审题谋篇 (1)主题:世界海洋日 (2)体裁:应用文 (3)时态:以一般现在时为主 (4)人称:以第三人称为主 (5)结构:第一段点明主旨,表明设立世界海洋日的目的;第二段阐明海洋的重要性;第三段提出保护海洋的倡议2.遣词造句 高级词汇 (1)唤醒人们的意识------ (2)依靠------ (3)有助于------ (4)采取措施做…… 答案:(1)raise people's awareness (2)rely on (3)contribute to (4)take measures to do... 句式升级 (1)原因是它们提供了各种各样的好处。 The reason is ______they provide various benefits. (2)因此,到了我们采取有效措施来保护它们的时候了。 Thus, __ that we took effective measures to protect them. 答案: (1)that (2)it is high time 写作技巧 (半)开放类作文往往给出有限的提示,留给考生更多思考的空间和自由发挥的余地。考生应仔细审题，确定体裁,然后选择恰当的句式来准确表达题目要求的相关内容。这种题型旨在考查考生用英语思考的能力和在具体的主题下用英语表达的能力。 1. 显性描述,隐性挖掘。(半)开放类作文在表达时通常先描述显性部分,按一定的顺序，如按照时间的先后或空间的转移顺序来组织材料。然后是隐性部分要紧扣主题或按照作文要求去表达,即揭示寓意,突出主题。隐性部分和显部分一定有其必然的联系。对于(半)开放类作文通常先完成材料的叙述部分然后按材料要求对所给的要点进行自由发挥,但要符合生活实际,真实可信。 2.主题明确,层次分明。(半)开放类作文的答题思路与语文同类作文的答题思路有一定程度的类似。在动笔前·一定要先明确主题和写作顺序,先写什么、后写什么、突出什么，层次要分明。如果要求写的是一篇记叙文,就要按照事情发展的先后顺序来行文,事情发生的时间、地点、人物、原因、过程、结果,一个都不能少如果是要求写一篇议论文.就应该按照议论文的行文顺序米安排结构,论点、论据、论证、一个都不能缺。 3.有理有据,事例支撑。(半)开放类作文往往侧重考查记叙文或议论文，如对某一句谚语的个人理解、对某幅漫画的个人看法等。所以在写作过程中要根据要求词数的多少,选取恰当的事例来支撑中心论点或叙述的主题,这样能够使文章言之有物，内容丰富且充实。 4.总结归纳，升华主题。(半)开放类作文的最后一段往往是对整篇作文内容的总结和归纳,这一点尤为重要。对于主题的归纳总结要做到简短有力,或有号召力,或引人深思。 分层必刷、提分要义 A 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛， 内容包括: 1.人物简介; 2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。 注意:1.词数 100左右 2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。 A [参考范文] The Person I Respect There are many respectable people around us. Some deserve our respect just because they devote themselves to their ordinary positions, like my uncle, an angel in white. My uncle is a surgeon in the local hospital. He often buries himself in his work and is busy with diagnoses and operations, which often take him so much time and energy that it is impossible for him to look after his family. Such is my respectable uncle-an ordinary doctor who not only devotes his youth to his beloved career, but risks his life to save more people's lives. [2020全国卷II] B 上周末,你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文,介绍这次活动 内容包括: 1.农场情况; 2.采摘过程; 3.个人感受。 注意:1.词数100左右; 2.题目已为你写好。 My Weekend 参考范文] Last weekend, our whole class participated in a picking activity, which turned out to be fruitful and meaningful. We set off at 6:00 a. m，and it took us around two hours on the way. As soon as we arrived at the farm, what came into sight was different varieties of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees on the farm. We were divided into two groups， One group was responsible for picking fruits, and the other packing them up. On our faces poured sweat together with heartfelt smiles, and all of us spent a meaningful and pleasant weekend. Through this activity, we have a better understanding of how hard the farmers are and how precious the food is. Therefore,we should treasure the food planted by the farmers and make efforts to make the world better. [2020全国卷II] 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$