专题03 动词和动词短语 - 三年（2022-2024）新高考英语真题和2024年名校精选模拟题分类汇编

专题03 动词和动词短语（原卷版） 考题解读 动词和动词短语在语法填空中占据十分重要的地位，它既是高考英语常考题也是必考题，本篇文章将具体梳理近五年新高考以“动词和动词短语”为主题的文章句子。 解题技巧 ●理解动词和动词短语的含义 动词：表示动作或状态的词。 动词短语：由一个动词和与之相关的介词、副词或其他词组成的短语，表达更具体的动作或状态。 ●分析句子结构和语境 句子结构：识别句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等成分，这有助于确定动词或动词短语在句子中的位置和作用。 语境：理解句子或段落的整体意义，这有助于选择最合适的动词或动词短语。 ●识别时态、语态和主谓一致 时态：确定动作发生的时间（如现在时、过去时、将来时等）。 语态：判断动作是主动还是被动。 主谓一致：确保主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。 ●区分近义动词和动词短语 有时题目会提供多个意思相近的动词或动词短语，需要仔细区分它们之间的细微差别，选择最符合语境的一个。 ●运用语法规则和习惯用法 熟悉常见的语法规则和习惯用法，如某些动词后必须跟特定的介词或副词，或者某些动词短语有固定的搭配。 ●检查答案的合理性 完成选择后，重新阅读句子，检查所选动词或动词短语是否使句子意思通顺、合理。 真题再现 专题04 动词与动词短语 考点 动词和动词短语 1.（2024年全国甲卷完形填空） Born just before WWII, my grandmother 1 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families, where boys were 2 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 3 was when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely. ..... This is something I 4 — her ability to open her hands underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. ... My childhood is quite happy compared with hers. I am grateful that I did not need to 5 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of education. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 6 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 7 . 1．A．adjusted B．promoted C．achieved D．experienced 2．A．favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．acknowledged 3．A．exercise B．study C．explore D．teach 4．A．admire B．notice C．adopt D．value 5．A．reflect upon B．go through C．ask about D．prepare for 6．A．attend B．refer C．lead D．talk 7．A．come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive 2.（2024年新高考I卷完形填空） I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 8 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 9 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 10 it! Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 11 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 12 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 13 her bike and went for a ride. ......That day, I got 14 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing. I’ve 15 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 8．A．knew B．held C．won D．quit 9．A．asking B．looking C．waiting D．training 10．A．made B．believed C．hated D．deserved 11．A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 12．A．heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved 13．A．painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked 14．A．passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped 15．A．traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 3.（2024年新高考II卷完形填空） During my first visit to Italy, I 16 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 17 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 18 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 19 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 20 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 21 . These meals are always 22 by laughter and joy. Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are 23 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 16．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened 17．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match 18．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised 19．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order 20．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait 21．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 22．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 23．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 4.（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空） A young Chinese man 24 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 25 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 26 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most remarkable , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 27 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American writers as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 28 him asking at one point.    It would have been easy to 29 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, self-educated, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 30 me just how much one can gain from 31 with an open mind, and a willingness to 32 with locals from all walks of life. 24．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 25．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded 26．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 27．A．publish B．quote C．сорy D．download 28．A．anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch 29．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with 30．A．asked B．warned C．showed D．promised 31．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching 32．A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 5.（2023年新高考I卷） On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have the course earlier than she did. Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with . She couldn’t. Bailey then to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. Once there, Lenoue was and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” ...... 33．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 34．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 35．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 36．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 37．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 38．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 6.（2023年新高考II卷） It just 39 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 40 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 41 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very nervous. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would 42 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 43 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 44 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was uneventful, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 45 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so thankful and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 39．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 40．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 41．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 42．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 43．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load 44．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve 45．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 7.（2023年全国甲卷） Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 46 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 47 its way down the hill toward us. It was neighbor called Mario, coming to 48 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine....... These can’t be any good, we thought. But we were thankful for his kindness, so we 49 them. ...... Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 50 perfect but taste of water.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 51 them easily....... It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 52 , and as close as possible to where they were 53 . What Mario had 54 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 46．A．waited B．met C．camped D．stayed 47．A．making B．searching C．squeezing D．feeling 48．A．lend B．send C．bring D．show 49．A．tried B．sold C．returned D．mixed 50．A．smell B．look C．become D．work 51．A．clean B．check C．count D．pack 52．A．on view B．on sale C．in season D．in need 53．A．finished B．stored C．found D．grown 54．A．cooked B．given C．bought D．told 8.（2023年全国乙卷） To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 55 best. She had to 56 her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to 57 waves on her board. But it was time to take the leap (飞跃), however heartbreaking it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she 58 about 1,200 miles away from home, to 59 with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never 60 and everything was new to her. As it turned out Douglas didexactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she 61 two Russians. The Chinese coach 62 Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from anaveragemember of the national team to the top of the sport. By 63 the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She 64 the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt confident all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it 65 to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought more and more that she could make the London Games-and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to 66 .” And shine she did. 55．A．tried B．thought C．judged D．knew 56．A．take up B．pack up C．clean up D．do up 57．A．cause B．observe C．ride D．strike 58．A．dropped out B．moved on C．pulled over D．went off 59．A．reason B．talk C．compete D．train 60．A．met B．helped C．understood D．needed 61．A．defeated B．pleased C．respected D．assisted 62．A．forced B．transformed C．persuaded D．put 63．A．clarifying B．defending C．winning D．demanding 64．A．followed B．organized C．watched D．led 65．A．viewed B．appeared C．mattered D．took 66．A．shine B．fly C．dance D．score 9.（2023年北京卷） I was always timid (羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even shyer, so it was surprising I’d 67 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price — to write a five-page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night! After I got home, though, I took my time petting the cat — postponing the pain. When I finally sat down to 68 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighbours from 69 . One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 70 . But when mum got home from work, I was still 71 , “Five pages! That’s impossible!” “Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said. “and I want to read it when you’re through.” ...... The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 72 they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. 67．A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat 68．A．weep B．rest C．write D．read 69．A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing 70．A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in 71．A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning 72．A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict 9.（2023年浙江卷1月） The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 73 a unique honey harvest. I 74 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 75 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 76 the bunch to create a torch (火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 77 . He stopped every few minutes to move the rope higher up the tree trunk. FinallyZiyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 78 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 79 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too early to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 80 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs (蜂巢). The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. .... 73．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 74．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 75．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 76．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 77．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 78．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 79．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 80．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 10.（2022年新高考I卷）    My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 81 along Chalk Creek... So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 82 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 83 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 84 our peaceful morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 85 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. ... 81．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 82．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 83．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 84．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 85．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 11.（2022年新高考II卷） It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 86 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 87 . But house sitting also offers a level of comfort they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 88 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 89 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 90 . For Jessica, that means 91 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 92 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 93 ,” she says. 86．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 87．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please 88．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 89．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 90．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 91．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 92．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty 93．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression 12.（2022年全国甲卷） When I first dated Steve, I 94 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I 95 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora , the cat. The next week we 96 our dogs together. It was a hot day. ...... We 97 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her leg . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly constantly climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 98 his house. All worked fine. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 99 Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 100 for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my delight, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 101 him to. That’s only for giving water to the dogs that brought us together. 94．A．feared B．doubted C．hoped D．learned 95．A．predicted B．worried C．regretted D．insisted 96．A．tied B．walked C．bathed D．fed 97．A．continued B．decided C．intended D．pretended 98．A．left B．sold C．suggested D．searched 99．A．emptied B．respected C．occupied D．discovered 100．A．looking B．caring C．waiting D．calling 101．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid 13.（2022年全国乙卷） Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 102 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. ...... For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 103 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our surprising research results in child developmental psychology 104 that idea. ......We then asked the child if she could 105 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: Now children said that they couldn’t 106 to her. A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 107 the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.......They simply 108 mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.......In fact, children consider this method 109 when others use it. 102．A．following B．taking C．escaping D．directing 103．A．supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted 104．A．explained B．confirmed C．contradicted D．tested 105．A．see B．help C．reach D．fool 106．A．speak B．listen C．turn D．wave 107．A．comprehended B．predicted C．explored D．ignored 108．A．hold back B．relate to C．insist on D．make up 109．A．tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective 14.（2022年浙江卷1月） When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her eyes , notably dryness and discomfort. “I was simply a terrible experience,” Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.” ...... Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being .” Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, ...... So far she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 . “I’m trying to get more and more people to that there are solutions (解决办法),” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after retirement . “I say there is no old age , there’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand still , do something about it.” Ms. Burdeyney that she is hoping to do more for the research project. “There is still a long way to go.” 110．A．getting over B．going through C．holding on D．passing down 111．A．compromised B．forgotten C．substituted D．separated 112．A．informed B．doubted C．included D．dismissed 113．A．wasted B．donated C．expected D．earned 114．A．imagine B．confirm C．remember D．understand 115．A．commented B．learned C．reminded D．added 15.（2022年浙江卷6月） Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 116 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 117 he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. ...... Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t 118 to lose. Every time I 119 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels safe in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .For example , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 120 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ...... It is something that every manager should work hard to 121 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 122 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 123 you their best. 116．A．deserve B．miss C．love D．know 117．A．as if B．in case C．even though D．so that 118．A．afford B．choose C．wait D．expect 119．A．attach B．compare C．adjust D．introduce 120．A．admit B．believe C．suggest D．imagine 121．A．assess B．organize C．develop D．understand 122．A．repeat B．follow C．change D．forget 123．A．telling B．giving C．selling D．sending 16.（2022年北京卷） One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I a movement of the heavy wooden door. ...... He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought. The next morning, one of the first to was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with energy, but his laughter could be heard as loud as ever! That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to . To a child, every minute feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; 124．A．caused B．spotted C．checked D．imagined 125．A．recover B．play C．change D．wait 126．A．settle B．gather C．arrive D．react 127．A．show up B．pull up C．hold up D．line up 2024年名校模拟题 6．The low-earth orbit test satellite is world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．These noodles (say) to resemble lamian, a type of Chinese noodle. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Innovations continued, such as noodles made with buckwheat were developed in the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (1392-1910). Ramen noodles, based southern Chinese noodle dishes from Guangzhou but named after the northern Chinese lamian, (become) common in Japan in the 1900s. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical entertainment, (survive) for centuries. The origins of shadow play (believe) to date back to ancient China where it was later spread to other parts of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．This confusion has its roots in how Hunan food (introduce) to the American public. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．When they later (seek) opportunities in the United States, they brought Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines to New York, these two cooking styles were adjusted to suit local tastes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Within this group, there is a tag called “20 minutes for parks”, which (come) from a theory originating from the International Journal of Environmental Health Research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．China is known as the home of tea. It is said that Shennong discovered tea around 2700 B. C. At first, tea leaves (chew). (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．Most of her followers (age) between 20 to 30. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Guessing lantern riddles is an activity that (date) back at least as far as the Southern Song Dynasty, scholars wrote riddles on small slips of paper and (hang) them from lanterns for festival attendees to guess. (所给词的适当形式填空) 语法填空 Generally, lantern riddles are based on complex forms of wordplay and may be difficult for even 16 (advance) students of Chinese to understand. Most riddles consist of the riddle itself and an implication that tells the guesser what form he or she should expect the answer to take. For example, sometimes 17 implication might indicate that the answer is a Chinese idiom, the name of a country or that it should be composed 18 Chinese characters. 19．It is necessary that initiatives calling for alternative transportation modes (support) to keep company with these efforts, and unsustainable practices, such as reliance solely on private vehicles, be disposed of in the near future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．90 percent of the world’s fireworks are produced in China. The biggest importer is the US, which (ship) in more than US $650 million worth in 2021. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．In recent years, it (appear) frequently on postage stamps and postcards. It is also part of some special occasions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．Singer 2024, a show which brings together a constellation (一群) of gifted singers from domestic and international backgrounds to engage in a series of excellent performances, (kick) off on May 10, 2024. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．With a mission (cultivate) China’s premier music landscape, besides the first show, Singer 2024 promises audiences another 11 live shows that (broadcast) in real time throughout the season. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24． (translate) from jing mai in Chinese, the meridians refer to paths through which the life energy (flow) in the body and to organs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Iconic Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai (purchase) the adaptation copyright of the novel around a decade ago, and had spent three years in shooting the TV series, also Wong’s first directorial television project, making it one of the most anticipated works for his fans. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．Huangyao has a history of nearly 1,000 years with its origins dating back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279). It (reach) its prime in the Qing Dynasty(1644-1912) under the ruling of Emperor Qianlong (1733-1735). (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．During Chinese Lunar New Year, over 20 traditional performances (hold), including the dragon dance, lion dance and suona horn (Chinese trumpet) show. (所给词的适当形式填空) 语法填空 Two Chinese researchers made 28 copy of the footwear using the shoe-making techniques and materials known to be used by the Qin people when the warriors 29 (build). The study found that the replicas provided the wearers with “a more comfortable, stable and efficient” 30 (walk) experience. 语法填空 In many cases, the paint has not survived the centuries after the warriors 31 (burn) by fires or soaked in floods, but a few of the warriors have been unearthed 32 their original colouring still largely undamaged. A 2019 study found that the colors were mixed with various protein-based binders, such as egg, animal glues and milk, before 33 (paint) onto the soldiers to help secure the paint. 34．Kunqu Opera, for example, (consider) an old form of Chinese opera, characterized by its elegant lyrics and beautiful melodies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．As Chinese railway technology (mature), the development of the high-speed rail system became (increase) localized, until the all-Chinese Fuxing Hao (Renaissance) (create) and rolled into production in 2017. (所给词的适当形式填空) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 动词和动词短语（解析版） 考题解读 动词和动词短语在语法填空中占据十分重要的地位，它既是高考英语常考题也是必考题，本篇文章将具体梳理近五年新高考以“动词和动词短语”为主题的文章句子。 解题技巧 ●理解动词和动词短语的含义 动词：表示动作或状态的词。 动词短语：由一个动词和与之相关的介词、副词或其他词组成的短语，表达更具体的动作或状态。 ●分析句子结构和语境 句子结构：识别句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等成分，这有助于确定动词或动词短语在句子中的位置和作用。 语境：理解句子或段落的整体意义，这有助于选择最合适的动词或动词短语。 ●识别时态、语态和主谓一致 时态：确定动作发生的时间（如现在时、过去时、将来时等）。 语态：判断动作是主动还是被动。 主谓一致：确保主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。 ●区分近义动词和动词短语 有时题目会提供多个意思相近的动词或动词短语，需要仔细区分它们之间的细微差别，选择最符合语境的一个。 ●运用语法规则和习惯用法 熟悉常见的语法规则和习惯用法，如某些动词后必须跟特定的介词或副词，或者某些动词短语有固定的搭配。 ●检查答案的合理性 完成选择后，重新阅读句子，检查所选动词或动词短语是否使句子意思通顺、合理。 真题再现 专题04 动词与动词短语 考点 动词和动词短语 1.（2024年全国甲卷完形填空） Born just before WWII, my grandmother 1 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families, where boys were 2 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 3 was when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely. ..... This is something I 4 — her ability to open her hands underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. ... My childhood is quite happy compared with hers. I am grateful that I did not need to 5 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of education. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 6 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 7 . 1．A．adjusted B．promoted C．achieved D．experienced 2．A．favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．acknowledged 3．A．exercise B．study C．explore D．teach 4．A．admire B．notice C．adopt D．value 5．A．reflect upon B．go through C．ask about D．prepare for 6．A．attend B．refer C．lead D．talk 7．A．come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive 2.（2024年新高考I卷完形填空） I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 8 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 9 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 10 it! Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 11 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 12 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 13 her bike and went for a ride. ......That day, I got 14 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing. I’ve 15 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 8．A．knew B．held C．won D．quit 9．A．asking B．looking C．waiting D．training 10．A．made B．believed C．hated D．deserved 11．A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 12．A．heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved 13．A．painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked 14．A．passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped 15．A．traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 3.（2024年新高考II卷完形填空） During my first visit to Italy, I 16 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 17 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 18 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 19 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 20 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 21 . These meals are always 22 by laughter and joy. Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are 23 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 16．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened 17．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match 18．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised 19．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order 20．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait 21．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 22．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 23．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 4.（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空） A young Chinese man 24 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 25 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 26 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most remarkable , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 27 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American writers as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 28 him asking at one point.    It would have been easy to 29 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, self-educated, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 30 me just how much one can gain from 31 with an open mind, and a willingness to 32 with locals from all walks of life. 24．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 25．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded 26．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 27．A．publish B．quote C．сорy D．download 28．A．anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch 29．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with 30．A．asked B．warned C．showed D．promised 31．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching 32．A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 5.（2023年新高考I卷） On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have the course earlier than she did. Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with . She couldn’t. Bailey then to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. Once there, Lenoue was and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” ...... 33．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 34．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 35．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 36．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 37．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 38．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 6.（2023年新高考II卷） It just 39 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 40 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 41 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very nervous. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would 42 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 43 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 44 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was uneventful, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 45 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so thankful and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 39．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 40．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 41．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 42．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 43．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load 44．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve 45．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 7.（2023年全国甲卷） Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 46 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 47 its way down the hill toward us. It was neighbor called Mario, coming to 48 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine....... These can’t be any good, we thought. But we were thankful for his kindness, so we 49 them. ...... Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 50 perfect but taste of water.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 51 them easily....... It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 52 , and as close as possible to where they were 53 . What Mario had 54 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 46．A．waited B．met C．camped D．stayed 47．A．making B．searching C．squeezing D．feeling 48．A．lend B．send C．bring D．show 49．A．tried B．sold C．returned D．mixed 50．A．smell B．look C．become D．work 51．A．clean B．check C．count D．pack 52．A．on view B．on sale C．in season D．in need 53．A．finished B．stored C．found D．grown 54．A．cooked B．given C．bought D．told 8.（2023年全国乙卷） To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 55 best. She had to 56 her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to 57 waves on her board. But it was time to take the leap (飞跃), however heartbreaking it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she 58 about 1,200 miles away from home, to 59 with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never 60 and everything was new to her. As it turned out Douglas didexactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she 61 two Russians. The Chinese coach 62 Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from anaveragemember of the national team to the top of the sport. By 63 the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She 64 the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt confident all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it 65 to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought more and more that she could make the London Games-and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to 66 .” And shine she did. 55．A．tried B．thought C．judged D．knew 56．A．take up B．pack up C．clean up D．do up 57．A．cause B．observe C．ride D．strike 58．A．dropped out B．moved on C．pulled over D．went off 59．A．reason B．talk C．compete D．train 60．A．met B．helped C．understood D．needed 61．A．defeated B．pleased C．respected D．assisted 62．A．forced B．transformed C．persuaded D．put 63．A．clarifying B．defending C．winning D．demanding 64．A．followed B．organized C．watched D．led 65．A．viewed B．appeared C．mattered D．took 66．A．shine B．fly C．dance D．score 9.（2023年北京卷） I was always timid (羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even shyer, so it was surprising I’d 67 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price — to write a five-page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night! After I got home, though, I took my time petting the cat — postponing the pain. When I finally sat down to 68 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighbours from 69 . One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 70 . But when mum got home from work, I was still 71 , “Five pages! That’s impossible!” “Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said. “and I want to read it when you’re through.” ...... The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 72 they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. 67．A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat 68．A．weep B．rest C．write D．read 69．A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing 70．A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in 71．A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning 72．A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict 9.（2023年浙江卷1月） The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 73 a unique honey harvest. I 74 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 75 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 76 the bunch to create a torch (火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 77 . He stopped every few minutes to move the rope higher up the tree trunk. FinallyZiyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 78 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 79 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too early to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 80 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs (蜂巢). The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. .... 73．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 74．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 75．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 76．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 77．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 78．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 79．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 80．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 10.（2022年新高考I卷）    My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 81 along Chalk Creek... So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 82 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 83 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 84 our peaceful morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 85 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. ... 81．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 82．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 83．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 84．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 85．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 11.（2022年新高考II卷） It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 86 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 87 . But house sitting also offers a level of comfort they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 88 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 89 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 90 . For Jessica, that means 91 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 92 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 93 ,” she says. 86．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 87．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please 88．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 89．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 90．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 91．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 92．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty 93．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression 12.（2022年全国甲卷） When I first dated Steve, I 94 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I 95 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora , the cat. The next week we 96 our dogs together. It was a hot day. ...... We 97 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her leg . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly constantly climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 98 his house. All worked fine. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 99 Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 100 for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my delight, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 101 him to. That’s only for giving water to the dogs that brought us together. 94．A．feared B．doubted C．hoped D．learned 95．A．predicted B．worried C．regretted D．insisted 96．A．tied B．walked C．bathed D．fed 97．A．continued B．decided C．intended D．pretended 98．A．left B．sold C．suggested D．searched 99．A．emptied B．respected C．occupied D．discovered 100．A．looking B．caring C．waiting D．calling 101．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid 13.（2022年全国乙卷） Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 102 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. ...... For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 103 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our surprising research results in child developmental psychology 104 that idea. ......We then asked the child if she could 105 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: Now children said that they couldn’t 106 to her. A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 107 the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.......They simply 108 mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.......In fact, children consider this method 109 when others use it. 102．A．following B．taking C．escaping D．directing 103．A．supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted 104．A．explained B．confirmed C．contradicted D．tested 105．A．see B．help C．reach D．fool 106．A．speak B．listen C．turn D．wave 107．A．comprehended B．predicted C．explored D．ignored 108．A．hold back B．relate to C．insist on D．make up 109．A．tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective 14.（2022年浙江卷1月） When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her eyes , notably dryness and discomfort. “I was simply a terrible experience,” Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.” ...... Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being .” Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, ...... So far she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 . “I’m trying to get more and more people to that there are solutions (解决办法),” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after retirement . “I say there is no old age , there’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand still , do something about it.” Ms. Burdeyney that she is hoping to do more for the research project. “There is still a long way to go.” 110．A．getting over B．going through C．holding on D．passing down 111．A．compromised B．forgotten C．substituted D．separated 112．A．informed B．doubted C．included D．dismissed 113．A．wasted B．donated C．expected D．earned 114．A．imagine B．confirm C．remember D．understand 115．A．commented B．learned C．reminded D．added 15.（2022年浙江卷6月） Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 116 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 117 he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. ...... Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t 118 to lose. Every time I 119 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels safe in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .For example , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 120 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ...... It is something that every manager should work hard to 121 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 122 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 123 you their best. 116．A．deserve B．miss C．love D．know 117．A．as if B．in case C．even though D．so that 118．A．afford B．choose C．wait D．expect 119．A．attach B．compare C．adjust D．introduce 120．A．admit B．believe C．suggest D．imagine 121．A．assess B．organize C．develop D．understand 122．A．repeat B．follow C．change D．forget 123．A．telling B．giving C．selling D．sending 16.（2022年北京卷） One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I a movement of the heavy wooden door. ...... He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought. The next morning, one of the first to was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with energy, but his laughter could be heard as loud as ever! That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to . To a child, every minute feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; 124．A．caused B．spotted C．checked D．imagined 125．A．recover B．play C．change D．wait 126．A．settle B．gather C．arrive D．react 127．A．show up B．pull up C．hold up D．line up 2024年名校模拟题 6．The low-earth orbit test satellite is world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．These noodles (say) to resemble lamian, a type of Chinese noodle. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Innovations continued, such as noodles made with buckwheat were developed in the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (1392-1910). Ramen noodles, based southern Chinese noodle dishes from Guangzhou but named after the northern Chinese lamian, (become) common in Japan in the 1900s. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical entertainment, (survive) for centuries. The origins of shadow play (believe) to date back to ancient China where it was later spread to other parts of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．This confusion has its roots in how Hunan food (introduce) to the American public. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．When they later (seek) opportunities in the United States, they brought Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines to New York, these two cooking styles were adjusted to suit local tastes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Within this group, there is a tag called “20 minutes for parks”, which (come) from a theory originating from the International Journal of Environmental Health Research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．China is known as the home of tea. It is said that Shennong discovered tea around 2700 B. C. At first, tea leaves (chew). (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．Most of her followers (age) between 20 to 30. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Guessing lantern riddles is an activity that (date) back at least as far as the Southern Song Dynasty, scholars wrote riddles on small slips of paper and (hang) them from lanterns for festival attendees to guess. (所给词的适当形式填空) 语法填空 Generally, lantern riddles are based on complex forms of wordplay and may be difficult for even 16 (advance) students of Chinese to understand. Most riddles consist of the riddle itself and an implication that tells the guesser what form he or she should expect the answer to take. For example, sometimes 17 implication might indicate that the answer is a Chinese idiom, the name of a country or that it should be composed 18 Chinese characters. 19．It is necessary that initiatives calling for alternative transportation modes (support) to keep company with these efforts, and unsustainable practices, such as reliance solely on private vehicles, be disposed of in the near future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．90 percent of the world’s fireworks are produced in China. The biggest importer is the US, which (ship) in more than US $650 million worth in 2021. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．In recent years, it (appear) frequently on postage stamps and postcards. It is also part of some special occasions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．Singer 2024, a show which brings together a constellation (一群) of gifted singers from domestic and international backgrounds to engage in a series of excellent performances, (kick) off on May 10, 2024. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．With a mission (cultivate) China’s premier music landscape, besides the first show, Singer 2024 promises audiences another 11 live shows that (broadcast) in real time throughout the season. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24． (translate) from jing mai in Chinese, the meridians refer to paths through which the life energy (flow) in the body and to organs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Iconic Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai (purchase) the adaptation copyright of the novel around a decade ago, and had spent three years in shooting the TV series, also Wong’s first directorial television project, making it one of the most anticipated works for his fans. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．Huangyao has a history of nearly 1,000 years with its origins dating back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279). It (reach) its prime in the Qing Dynasty(1644-1912) under the ruling of Emperor Qianlong (1733-1735). (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．During Chinese Lunar New Year, over 20 traditional performances (hold), including the dragon dance, lion dance and suona horn (Chinese trumpet) show. (所给词的适当形式填空) 语法填空 Two Chinese researchers made 28 copy of the footwear using the shoe-making techniques and materials known to be used by the Qin people when the warriors 29 (build). The study found that the replicas provided the wearers with “a more comfortable, stable and efficient” 30 (walk) experience. 语法填空 In many cases, the paint has not survived the centuries after the warriors 31 (burn) by fires or soaked in floods, but a few of the warriors have been unearthed 32 their original colouring still largely undamaged. A 2019 study found that the colors were mixed with various protein-based binders, such as egg, animal glues and milk, before 33 (paint) onto the soldiers to help secure the paint. 34．Kunqu Opera, for example, (consider) an old form of Chinese opera, characterized by its elegant lyrics and beautiful melodies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．As Chinese railway technology (mature), the development of the high-speed rail system became (increase) localized, until the all-Chinese Fuxing Hao (Renaissance) (create) and rolled into production in 2017. (所给词的适当形式填空) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者从故事中得到的感悟。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. promoted促进；C. achieved完成；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favored赞成；偏袒；B. tolerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknowledged承认。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. study学习；C. explore探索；D. teach教学。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire钦佩；B. notice注意到；C. adopt采纳；D. value重视。根据下文“her ability to open her hands underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. reflect upon思考；B. go through经历；C. ask about询问；D. prepare for准备。根据上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. attend出席；B. refer参考；C. lead领导；D. talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk to“与某人交谈”。故选D。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. come true成真；B. come round苏醒；C. come out出现；D. come alive变得生动。根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to _____6_____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选D。 8．C 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友“赢得”了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 9． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之“训练”，符合语境。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它! A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. ”以及后文“Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是“讨厌”这个成绩。故选C项。 11．考查动词词组辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定“放弃”跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者“梦想”着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹“借”自行车。故选B项。 14． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据后文“suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing”可知，作者对自行车失去了兴趣，所以猜测这里应是被很多人“超过”。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured成熟，完善；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是“成熟”了很多。故选B项。 16．B 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．D 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 16．考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 17．考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 20．考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 21．考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with忍受；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 22．考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 23．考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side支持；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．D 37．B 38．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey拉着她的胳膊，看她是否可以搀扶着向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 39．C 40．B 41．D 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. speed up加速；B. work out进展顺利；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会进展顺利，对他来说很难。故选B。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ____1____ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ____2____ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．D 54．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是马里奥自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.(许多年前，我在加法尼亚纳买了一栋房子，我们每年夏天都会去那里)”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“It was neighbor called Mario, coming to ___3___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.(那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒)”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，固定搭配make one’s way，意为“前往”。故选A项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，他们尝试了马里奥送的西红柿。故选A项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据后文“perfect but taste of water”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美，但是味道不行。故选B项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack打包。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can”结合实际，可知方形不易包装。故选D项。 52．考查介词短语辨析。句意：在正确的时间吃东西是很好的，他们是应季的，并且尽可能接近他们生长的地方。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是食物应季，吃当令的食物食物口感是最好的。故选C项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们种植的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored保存；C. found找到；D. grown种植。根据上文“It’s good to eat things”和“as close as possible to where they were”可推知，尽可能地靠近食物种植的地方，保持其新鲜程度，这样吃东西才是好的。故选D项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是加法尼亚纳的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was neighbor called Mario, coming to ___3___ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.(那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒)”可知，指马里奥给作者一家带来的味道。故选B项。 55．D 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．D 60．A 61．A 62．B 63．C 64．D 65．D 66．A 【解析】55．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。 56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。 57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。 58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D. 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。 61．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。 64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。 67．D 68．C 69．A 70．B 71．C 72．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者很害羞，刚来到新学校后更加害羞，但却神奇地课堂上和周围人聊天。于是老师让作者写一篇五页的“我为什么不应该在课上讲话”的文章。作者写的文章很搞笑，第二天当老师在课堂上读作者的文章时，同学们都笑了起来。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：初来乍到使我更加害羞，所以我应该和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的。A. nod点头；B. point指；C. listen听；D. chat闲聊。由上文“I was always timid (羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even shyer”和“it was surprising”表转折，以及下文“Why I Should Not Talk in Class”可知，作者害羞不爱说话，但是却在课堂上和周围人“闲聊”，结果被老师惩罚。故选D。 68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于坐下来开始写作时，我首先说出了布莱克老师想听的理由。A. weep哭泣；B. rest休息；C. write写；D. read读。由上文“to write a five-page essay on ‘Why I Should Not Talk in Class’”可知，此处write是同词复现，作者开始“写”这篇五页的文章。故选C。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈话使我和我的邻桌不能学习。A. learning学习；B. playing玩；C. planning计划；D. laughing笑。由上文“Now I was paying the price — to write a five-page essay on ‘Why I Should Not Talk in Class’. That would take all night!”和“I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear”可知，作者因为上课和周围同学闲聊被罚写一篇五页的检讨，作者首先在检讨中说和邻桌谈话会妨碍自己和同学“学习”，这是老师愿意听到的。故选A。 70．考查动词词组辨析。句意：书页开始飞逝。A. standing out突出；B. flying by飞越；飞逝；C. breaking up分手；D. checking in登记。由上文“Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, ‘She used to talk in class.’”可知，作者开始写出很多内容，所以此处用“fly by”来说明作者很快写出了很多页。故选B。 71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈下班回家的时候，我仍然在抱怨，“五页！这不可能！”A. celebrating庆祝；B. longing渴望；C. complaining抱怨；D. warning警告。由下文“Five pages! That’s impossible!”可知，作者认为不可能写完这五页的内容，所以在“抱怨”。故选C。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能判断出他们不是在取笑我：他们笑是因为我有能力讲一个有趣的故事。A. hope希望；B. imagine想象；C. tell告诉，看出，判断出，区分；D. predict预计。由下文“they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story”可知，作者能“判断”出来，他们笑是因为作者讲的故事搞笑，而不是在取笑作者。故选C。 73．D 74．C 75．A 76．B 77．D 78．D 79．C 80．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____2____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad“见证”埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随养蜂人Ziyad穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入一片茂密的丛林。A. searched寻找；B. recognised 认出来；C. followed跟随； D. invited邀请。由下文“beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland”以及语境可知，这里指作者“跟随”养蜂人进入了丛林。故选C项。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几把潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered收集；B. cleaned清理； C. dropped落下；D. checked检查。由下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”和“to create a torch (火把)”可知，Ziyad“收集”这些东西最后做成了火把。故选A项。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几把潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“to create a torch (火把)”可知，此空格处指“点燃”用细绳捆扎的树叶，当火把。故选B项。 77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上“攀爬”到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。 78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把“缓慢移动”到蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 79．考查动词词组辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切断；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据下文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶“滑下”来的，重新回到地面。故选C项。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据下文“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs (蜂巢)”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往“孵化”时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 81．A 82．A 83．D 84．B 85．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。 83．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。 84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。 86．A 87．D 88．B 89．A 90．C 91．C 92．A 93．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。 90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 92．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。 93．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。上文they指代房主，即是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。 94．D 95．B 96．B 97．A 98．C 99．B 100．B 101．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者认为你可以从一个人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多。多年来，作者一直和自己的狗生活在一起，开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会时有所保留，观察到史蒂夫对待狗的方式后，作者开始爱上他，最终史蒂夫向作者求婚。 94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我了解到他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned了解到。根据下文“he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora”可知，此处表示作者了解到这一情况。故选D。 95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。根据下文“that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora, the cat.”可知，作者担心担心三条狗可能太多了，即担心猫狗可能相处不好。故选B。 96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；遛狗；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。根据后文“our dogs together”可知，此处是指一起遛狗。故选B。 97．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B. decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。根据“though neither of us brought up the future”可知，此处是指“我”们继续约会。故选A。 98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫建议去他家。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建议；D. searched搜寻。根据下文“We made good housemates.”可知，史蒂夫建议去他家。故选C。 99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发现。根据上文“I ______ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora, the cat.”以及下文“We made good housemates.”可知，作者的担心不复存在，在训练下，狗狗们会尊重猫咪Flora的空间。故选B。 100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。根据上文“And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her leg.”可知，Tilly的腿做了手术，需要照顾。故选B。 101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。根据上文“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I”可知，作者从史蒂夫对待狗的方式已经了解他，所以此处表示作者也不需要他跪下求婚。故选C。 102．C 103．D 104．C 105．A 106．A 107．A 108．C 109．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。学龄前儿童在玩捉迷藏的游戏时，通常表现出“顾头不顾尾”的滑稽样子。之前这种行为被解释为是“以自我为中心”的表现，但最新的实验结果表明，情况并非如此。 102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的视线，让自己不被人看见是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking带走；C. escaping逃走；D. directing导演。根据后文“someone else’s glance”以及常理可知，孩子们之所以喜欢玩捉迷藏的游戏，是因为当他们藏起来的时候，感觉自己能够躲避（escaping）寻找者的视线，所以非常紧张刺激。故选C。 103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据后文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures”可知，长时间以来，儿童的这种无效躲藏的方式被解释（interpreted）为“儿童是自我中心型生物”的证据。故选D。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这种观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed确认；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文实验的结论得出孩子会这么做是因为坚持相互承认和尊重，可知，这个结果与之前人们的想法是完全矛盾的（contradicted）。故选C。 105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问孩子是否能看到或听到大人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool愚弄。根据上文出现的“who covered her own eyes”可知，此处指的是看到（see）。故选A。 106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当大人捂住自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：现在孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说话；B. listen听；C. turn转向；D. wave挥动。根据上文内容“covered her own mouth”可知，因为大人捂着嘴巴，所以孩子们说他们不能与大人讲话（speak）。故选A。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“and knew exactly what was asked of them”可知，只有先理解了才能能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A。 108．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back抑制；B. relate to与……有关；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据后文“mutual recognition and regard”以及上文的实验过程和结果可知，孩子们在捉迷藏中的表现表明，他们只是坚持（insist on）相互承认和尊重。故选C。 109．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当别人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为这种方法是有效的。A. tentative试探性的；B. impressive印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文内容以及上文出现的“this ineffective hiding method”可知，事实上，当别人用这个方法时，孩子们就会认为这个方法是有效的（effective）。故选D。 110．B 111．A 112．C 113．C 114．D 115．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney女士积极为研究项目提供帮助以寻求解决方法的故事。 110．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验”，伯德尼女士在多伦多的家中说道。A. getting over克服；B. going through经历；C. holding on坚持；D. passing down传递下去。根据后文“a terrible experience”可知，她遭受眼睛问题，这是一段糟糕的经历，所以说她在经历一段糟糕的体验，故选B项。 111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是越来越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危险。A. compromised使陷入危险、妥协；B. forgotten遗忘；C. substituted替代、代替；D. separated分隔。根据上文“But more and more are suffering and lives are being ”可知，越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦，这属于健康问题，威胁生命，故选A项。 112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其他已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. informed通知；B. doubted怀疑；C. included包括；D. dismissed解散。根据后文“Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic”可知，指这位专家被包括在这个团队中，故选C项。 113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们已经筹集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. wasted浪费；B. donated捐赠；C. expected期待、预期；D. earned赢得。根据上文“So far she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000”目前已经筹集了一笔钱，预期未来还有部分金额，故选C项。 114．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney说，“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。A. imagine想象；B. confirm确认；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希望，所以要让他们理解办法是有的，故选D项。 115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. commented评论；B. learned学习；C. reminded提醒；D. added补充说。前句“I say there is no old age , there’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand still , do something about it.”为她说的话，后面又继续说，即为补充说，故选D项。 116．C 117．A 118．A 119．D 120．B 121．C 122．B 123．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过作者和孩子之间的亲子游戏，论述了信任的重要性。 116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小孩子很容易被抛到空中并被接住——他们喜欢这样。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. love喜爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C。 117．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。A. as if好像；B. in case如果，万一；C. even though虽然，即使；D. so that因此，以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，孩子伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞。故选A。 118．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，我不能失去它。A. afford买得起，能做；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据“Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship”可知，作者认为自己承受不了失去亲子之间的信任。afford to do sth.“能够做某事”。故选A。 119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我向Jacky介绍新事物时，他都会这么做，因为他相信我，知道自己不会受到伤害，他会感到安全。A. attach贴上，重视；B. compare比较；C. adjust调整；D. introduce介绍。根据“something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D。 120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B。 121．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据上文“It is something that every manager should work hard to”以及常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C。 122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随，听从；C. change改变；D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B。 123．考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。根据上文“At the very least, it means that people are not going to be”可知，其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B。 124．B 125．A 126．C 127．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开门，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。 124．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我看见沉重的木门在动。A. caused引起，导致；B. spotted看见；C. checked检查；D. imagined想象。根据后面的“a movement of the heavy wooden door”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spot符合语境。故选B。 125．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想他需要时间来恢复，第二天就不会来上课了。A. recover恢复；B. play玩；C. change改变；D. wait等待。根据前面的“He was treated for frostbite on his hands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recover符合语境。故选A。 126．考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle定居；B. gather聚集；C. arrive到达；D. react回应。根据下文“Not only did he run in with energy, but his laughter could be heard as loud as ever!”可知，小男孩跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用arrive。故选C。 127．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A. turn up出现；B. pull up停下来；C. hold up举起，阻挡；D. line up排队。根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用turn up符合语境。故选A。 名校汇编题 6． the was launched 【详解】考查冠词、时态和语态。句意：这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星，它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。第一个空：表示世界是独一无二的事物，前面要加定冠词the，则填the；第二个空：it与谓语动词launch构成被动关系，根据后文的“on Saturday”可知，动作发生在过去，则用一般过去时的被动语态，it作主语，谓语用单数，则填was launched。故填①the ②was launched。 7．were said 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：据说这些面条类似于拉面，它是一种中国面条。事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，且say与主语“These noodles”之间为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数意义，be动词为were，故填were said。 8． on##upon became 【详解】考查介词和时态。句意：创新不断，例如李氏朝鲜王朝(1392-1910)开发了荞麦面。拉面以中国南方的广州面食为基础，但以中国北方的拉面命名，于20世纪初在日本变得普遍。第一个空：“be based on”或“be based upon”为固定搭配，意为“基于”，则填on或upon；第二个空：根据“in the 1900s”可知，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，则填became。故填①on或upon ②became。 9． has survived are believed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：皮影戏是一种传统的戏剧娱乐形式，已经存在了几个世纪。皮影戏的起源被认为可以追溯到古代中国，后来传播到世界其他地方。第一空，根据for centuries可知，本句应用现在完成时，主语Shadow play是单数，谓语使用第三人称单数形式；第二空，主语The origins of shadow play与谓语believe为被动关系，所以为一般现在的被动语态，且主语The origins是复数，be动词应用are。故填①has survived；②are believed。 10．was introduced 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这种混淆的根源在于湘菜如何被介绍给美国公众。how引导的宾语从句描述过去的动作，时态应用一般过去时。动词introduce“介绍，引进”与主语Hunan food之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Hunan food为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was introduced。 11． sought where##and 【详解】考查时态和连词。句意：后来，当他们在美国寻找机会时，他们把湘菜和川菜带到了纽约，在那里，这两种烹饪风格都经过了调整，以适应当地的口味。第一个空：根据brought可知，空处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，则填sought；第二个空：此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是New York，为表示地点的名词，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导定语从句，或者用并列连词and连接前后两句话，表示并列关系，则填where或and。故填①sought ②where或and。 12．comes 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这一群体中，有一种说法叫做“公园20分钟”，它来自《国际环境健康研究杂志》的一个理论。不及物动词come作which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，which指代tag，是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填comes。 13．were chewed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：中国被称为茶之乡。据说神农在公元前2700年左右发现了茶。起初，茶叶是被咀嚼的。此处在句中作谓语。根据At first可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。主语tea leaves和动词chew之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用were。故填were chewed。 14．are aged 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：她的大多数粉丝年龄在20到30岁之间。表示“年龄为多少”的短语为“be aged+数字”，此处陈述事实用一般现在时，主语“Most of her followers”为复数意义，谓语动词用复数，故填are aged。 15． dates when hung 【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和定语从句。句意：猜灯谜是一项至少可以追溯到南宋时期的活动，当时学者们将谜语写在小纸片上，挂在灯笼上供节日参与者猜测。第一个空格：描述一般事实，从句应用一般现在时，空前that引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词activity，在从句中作主语，activity为单数名词，空处动词应用第三人称单数形式，则填dates；第二个空格：空处应用关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the Southern Song Dynasty”，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，则填when；第三个空格：空处应与wrote并列在定语从句中作谓语，应用动词的过去式形式，即hung。故填①dates，②when，③hung。 16．advanced 17．the 18．of 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了文字游戏：灯谜。 16．考查形容词。句意：一般来说，灯谜基于复杂的文字游戏，即使是汉语水平较高的学生也可能难以理解。空处修饰名词students，应用形容词作定语，需要的词义为“高级的，水平高的”，为advanced，故填advanced。 17．考查冠词。句意：例如，有时暗示可能表明答案是一个中国成语、国家名称或应该由汉字组成。空后又一次提到上文的名词“implication”，为特指意义，应用定冠词the，故填the。 18．考查固定短语。句意：例如，有时暗示可能表明答案是一个中国成语、国家名称或应该由汉字组成。固定短语be composed of意为“由……组成”，故填of。 19． should be supported##be supported that 【详解】考查语态和主语从句。句意：有必要支持呼吁替代交通方式的倡议，以便与这些努力保持一致，并在不久的将来处理不可持续的做法，例如完全依赖私家车。第一个空格：initiatives与谓语动词support之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且“It is necessary that...”为固定句型，it作形式主语，that引导从句作真正的主语，that从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should) be done”的形式，则填should be supported或be supported；第二个空格：and连接两个并列的主语从句，第二个主语从句的句意和句子结构是完整的，连接词用that，则填that。故填①should be supported或be supported ②that。 20．shipped 【详解】考查时态。句意：世界上90%的烟花是在中国生产的。最大的进口国是美国，2021年的进口额超过6.5亿美元。根据句中的“in 2021”可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，which指代先行词“the US”，与ship之间是主动关系，用过去式即可。故填shipped。 21．has appeared 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，它频繁出现在邮票和明信片上。这也是一些特殊场合的一部分。由时间状语“In recent years”可知，设空处要用现在完成时态，it作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式，故填has appeared。 22． both kicked 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：《歌手2024》于2024年5月10日拉开帷幕，汇集了一批来自国内外的天才歌手，他们将进行一系列精彩的表演。此处表示来自国内及国外的有天赋的歌手。第一个空格：“both…and…”意为“不仅……而且……；……和……都”，符合句意，第一空填both；第二个空为谓语动词，根据时间状语“on May 10, 2024”可知，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，填动词过去式kicked。故填①both；②kicked。 23． to cultivate will be broadcast 【详解】考查非谓语动词和谓语动词。句意：为了打造中国一流的音乐景观，除了第一场演出，《歌手2024》还向观众承诺，在整个演出季中，还将有11场现场直播。第一个空：逗号前面是with的复合结构，cultivate表示“将来”的动作，用不定式作宾语补足语，则填to cultivate；第二个空：空处为从句谓语，表示将来的事情，用一般将来时，that指代“another 11 live shows”，它和谓语动词broadcast之间是被动关系，用被动语态，则填will be broadcast。故填①to cultivate ②will be broadcast。 24． Translated flows 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和主谓一致。句意：经络翻译自中文的“经脉”，是指生命能量在身体和器官中流动的路径。第一个空：“translate”与“the meridians”为被动关系，用过去分词形式作状，首字母大写，则填Translated；第二个空：空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据refer可知，从句陈述的是科学事实，使用一般现在时，主语“life energy”为不可数名词，谓语动词flow应该用第三人称单数的形式，则填flows。故填①Translated ②flows。 25．purchased 【详解】考查时态。句意：香港著名导演王家卫大约在十年前购买了这部小说的改编版权，并花了三年时间拍摄这部电视剧，这也是王家卫导演的第一部电视作品，使它成为他的粉丝最期待的作品之一。空处作谓语，根据“around a decade ago”可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填purchased。 26．reached 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：黄姚古镇有近千年的历史，其起源可以追溯到宋代(960年-1279年)。它在清朝(1644-1912)乾隆皇帝(1733-1735)统治下达到鼎盛时期。空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语“during the Qing Dynasty”可知，动作发生在过去，应使用一般过去时，故填reached。 27．are held 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在中国农历新年期间，将举行20多场传统表演，包括舞龙、舞狮和唢呐(中国小号)表演。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词hold 与主语performances(复数意义) 之间是被动关系，要使用被动语态，句子描述的是一般事实，使用一般现在时，所以谓语动词使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are held。 28．a 29．were built 30．walking 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了两位中国研究人员使用秦时期士兵制作的鞋履技术和材料制作了复制品。研究发现，这些复制品为穿戴者提供了更加舒适、稳定和高效的行走体验。 28．考查冠词。句意：两名中国研究人员利用秦人在建造兵马俑时所使用的制鞋技术和材料，复制了这双鞋子。copy为可数名词单数，它是以辅音音素开头的单词，make a copy of意为“复制”符合句意。故填a。 29．考查时态和语态。句意：两名中国研究人员利用秦人在建造兵马俑时所使用的制鞋技术和材料，复制了这双鞋子。此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处指的是兵马俑被建造时的事，所以使用一般过去时，build与主语“the warriors”之间为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were built。 30．考查形容词。句意：研究发现，这些复制品为佩戴者提供了“更舒适、更稳定、更高效”的行走体验。此处为非谓语动词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“行走的”，应为walking作定语修饰名词experience。故填walking。 31．had been burnt##had been burned##were burnt##were burned 32．with 33．being painted 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现兵马俑的颜色是使用各种基于蛋、动物胶或牛奶等蛋白质基粘合剂混合后涂抹在士兵身上的。 31．考查时态和语态。句意：在许多情况下，由于这些兵马俑被大火烧毁或被洪水浸泡了几个世纪，这些颜料并没有保存下来，但有一些兵马俑出土时，它们的原始颜色基本上没有受损。此处为谓语动词，根据句意可知，burn发生在主句谓语动词“has not survived”之前，所以此处可以使用过去完成时，且burn与主语“the warriors”之间为被动关系，则填had been burnt或had been burned，因after引导的时间状语从句已表明与主句动作的先后关系，所以此处也可使用一般过去时代替过去完成时，且burn与主语“the warriors”之间为被动关系，主语为名词复数，则填were burnt或were  burned。故填had been burnt或had been burned或were burnt或were burned。 32．考查with的复合结构。句意：在许多情况下，由于这些兵马俑被大火烧毁或被洪水浸泡了几个世纪，这些颜料并没有保存下来，但有一些兵马俑出土时，它们的原始颜色基本上没有受损。“their original colouring”为名词短语，damaged为过去分词，它们之间为被动关系，由此可推断，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的结构。故填with。 33．考查动名词。句意：2019年的一项研究发现，这些颜色与各种蛋白质基粘合剂(如鸡蛋、动物胶和牛奶)混合在一起，然后涂在士兵身上，以帮助固定油漆。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据空前的介词before可知，此处为动名词作宾语，结合句意，paint与the colors 以及various protein-based binders之间为被动关系，所以使用动名词的被动形式。故填being painted。 34．is considered 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：例如，昆曲被认为是中国戏曲的一种古老形式，其特点是优美的歌词和动人的旋律。主语Kunqu Opera与谓语动词consider之间构成被动关系，此处描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，谓语动词使用单数形式。故填is considered。 35． matured increasingly was created 【详解】考查副词、时态和语态。句意：随着中国铁路技术的成熟，高铁系统的发展越来越本土化，直到2017年，全中国的复兴号被创造出来并投入生产。第一个空格：根据后文became可知，mature使用一般过去时，则填matured；第二个空格：修饰形容词localized应用副词作状语，则填increasingly；第三个空格：主语“the all-Chinese Fuxing Hao(单数意义)”与谓语动词create构成被动关系，根据后文的“in 2017”可知，create使用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数，则填was created。故填①matured ②increasingly ③was created。 $$