选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture (人与社会：饮食和文化)-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语单元阅读提升（人教版2019）

选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture（人教版2019） 人与社会：饮食与文化 单元引言解读 Food brings people together on many different levels. It's nourishment of the soul and body; it's truly love. —Giada De Laurentiis 释义：Food not only nourishes people's physical and mental health, but also plays an important role in maintaining social and cultural relationships. 启示：本单元的引言来自知名厨师和作家吉娅达·德·劳伦蒂斯，可译为：食物在许多不同的层面上把人们聚集在一起，它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。此引言旨在引导学生理解与思考食物对人类的意义：它不仅为人们的身心健康提供养料，还在维系社会文化关系方面发挥着重要作用。 名言名句积累 人与社会：饮食与文化 1．The more you eat, the less flavor; the less you eat, the more flavor. 多吃少滋味，少吃多滋味。 2．The spirit cannot endure the body when overfed, but, if underfed, the body cannot endure the spirit. —Sales 食之过饱，心灵无法容忍躯体；食不果腹，躯体同样无法支撑心灵。 —赛尔斯 3．It is widely believed that plenty of fresh food contributes to health. 人们广泛认为足够的新鲜食物有助于健康。 4．People who eat breakfast are more likely to keep up a healthy weight. 吃早饭的人更有可能保持健康的体重。 5．The better eating habits we get into, the happier our life becomes. 我们养成的饮食习惯越好，我们生活得就越幸福。 6．Tips for keeping healthy are: work regularly and rest adequately, keep good hours and have a healthy diet. 保持身体健康的秘诀：规律地工作、充足地休息、早睡早起和健康饮食。 7."You are what you eat." 人如其食。 8. "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." 一天一苹果，医生远离我。 9. "Bread is the staff of life." 面包是生命的支柱。 10. "Good wine needs no bush."酒香不怕巷子深。 11. "Hunger is the best sauce." 饥饿是最好的调味品。 12. "One man's meat is another man's poison."甲之蜜糖，乙之砒霜。 13. "A full cup must be carried steadily." 杯满盈，须端稳。 时文拓展阅读 Singapore Approves Insects as Food Singapore's House of Seafood restaurant is the country's first eatery to offer insects to customers. The change comes after the city state's food authority recently approved 16 kinds of insects for humans to eat, including grasshoppers, grubs and mealworms. Crickets and other insects have long been eaten as street food in Southeast Asia. But the wealthy financial center places heavy safety and cleanliness restrictions on food imports. Francis Ng is the chief of House of Seafood. He said customers love it when the dishes bring attention to the insects. For example, the restaurant offers a tofu dish made to look like bugs are crawling out of it and a dish of rice balls decorated with silkworms. "It looks scarier so customers can film (it) for their Tiktok," said Ng. He added that customers had been calling him regularly to plan a tasting of the dishes. The restaurant has created a menu with 30 dishes that feature insects, which they can sell to the public once their importers are approved by the food authority. For now, Ng is offering free samples. In 2019, Singapore declared it was aiming to produce 30 percent of its nutritional needs by 2030. Currently, around 90 percent of food is imported. Food security expert Paul Teng said insects could certainly help move towards this goal - if people got over "the yuck factor.” "Most insects are almost all protein," said Teng. Teng added that there needs to be local production to make this new way to get protein less costly. "Getting people to accept insects in their diet is a challenge. But really, it's a normal food item. Let's do something about it to prepare the consumer for it," he said. "Me personally, I have no problem eating insects." The United Nations has said bugs can be a sustainable way to get protein to feed the world. The U.N. estimates the global population will reach 9.7 billion by 2050. Extreme weather and conflicts have also increased the interest in insects as high-quality, low-cost nutrition. In Singapore, all insects approved for human food must be farmed in a controlled environment. The insects cannot be taken from the wild. And they cannot be fed materials like human or animal waste or rotten food, the food agency says. There has been local interest in importing insects, but cost remains an issue for now: Ng said insects make up 10 percent of his costs at the House of Seafood, and they are all imported. "The price is definitely higher than eggs," he said. It is too early to tell if insects will become an important part of the Singapore diet or whether demand will decrease as it has for fake meat products. But for now, some diners say they are happy to develop a taste for bugs. "If they have a higher source of protein, why not? I'll add it to my daily meal and daily food intake," said Bregria Sim, a 23-year-old logistics executive. She added that she would be willing to pay about $30 for the unusual dishes. 【译文欣赏】 新加坡批准昆虫作为食物 新加坡的House of Seafood餐厅是该国第一家向顾客提供昆虫的餐馆。 这一变化是在该市食品管理局最近批准了16种供人类食用的昆虫之后发生的，包括蚱蜢、蛆和粉虱。 蟋蟀和其他昆虫长期以来一直是东南亚的街头食品。但这个富裕的金融中心对食品进口实施了严格的安全和清洁限制。 Francis Ng是海鲜之家的负责人。他说，顾客们喜欢这些菜肴能引起人们对昆虫的注意。例如，这家餐厅提供了一道豆腐菜，看起来像虫子从里面爬出来，还有一道用蚕装饰的饭团。 吴说：“这看起来更可怕，所以顾客可以为他们的Tiktok拍摄（它）。”他补充说，顾客一直在定期给他打电话，计划品尝这些菜肴。 这家餐厅制作了一份包含30道以昆虫为特色的菜肴的菜单，一旦进口商获得食品管理局的批准，他们就可以向公众出售这些菜肴。目前，吴提供免费样品。 2019年，新加坡宣布其目标是到2030年满足30%的营养需求。目前，约90%的食品是进口的。 粮食安全专家Paul Teng表示，如果人们克服了“恶心因素”，昆虫肯定有助于实现这一目标 滕说：“大多数昆虫几乎都是蛋白质。”。滕补充说，需要在当地生产，以降低这种获得蛋白质的新方法的成本。 他说：“让人们接受饮食中的昆虫是一个挑战。但实际上，这是一种正常的食物。让我们做点什么，让消费者做好准备。”。“就我个人而言，我吃昆虫没有问题。” 联合国表示，昆虫可以成为获取蛋白质以养活世界的可持续方式。联合国估计，到2050年，全球人口将达到97亿。极端天气和冲突也增加了人们对昆虫作为高质量、低成本营养的兴趣。 在新加坡，所有被批准作为人类食物的昆虫都必须在受控环境中养殖。昆虫不能从野外带走。食品管理局表示，他们不能吃人类或动物粪便或腐烂食物等材料。 当地人一直对进口昆虫感兴趣，但目前成本仍然是一个问题：吴说，昆虫占他在海鲜之家的成本的10%，而且都是进口的。 他说：“价格肯定比鸡蛋高。”。 现在判断昆虫是否会成为新加坡饮食的重要组成部分，或者对假冒肉类产品的需求是否会像现在这样减少，还为时过早。 但就目前而言，一些食客表示，他们很乐意培养对虫子的口味。 23岁的物流主管布雷格里娅·辛说：“如果他们有更高的蛋白质来源，为什么不呢？我会把它添加到我的日常膳食和日常食物摄入量中。”。她补充说，她愿意为这些不同寻常的菜肴支付约30美元。 【词汇积累】 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 customer –n. a person or group who buys goods or services顾客 authority –n. an agency or office that oversees a public service or activity and has the power to make and enforce rules governing it权威；当局 dish –n. a particular kind of food 菜肴 decorated –adj. made to look in a pleasing way 装饰的 feature – v. to bring attention to some element of a product or object 以......为特色 sample – n. a small amount of something that is tested, or tasted, to see if it is good样品 yuck – interjection used to express strong dislike or displeasure感叹词，用于表达强烈的不喜欢或不满。 challenge – n. a task or problem挑战 item –n. one of a group of similar things 指一组相似事物中的一个；物品 sustainable – adj. relating to a method of using a resource so that it is not permanently damaged or used up 可持续的 rotten –adj. breaking down, decaying or impossible to eat腐烂的 fake –adj. having the appearance of the real thing, but not real 假的 【知识拓展】 以下是一些允许或鼓励食用昆虫的国家：泰国：昆虫在当地的饮食文化中较为常见，例如炸蟋蟀、炸蝗虫等。墨西哥：食用昆虫有一定的传统，如蚂蚁卵、蝗虫等。哥伦比亚：一些昆虫被视为美食。南非：部分地区有食用昆虫的习惯。中国：在一些地区，昆虫如蚕蛹、蝉等也会被食用。日本：有将昆虫作为特色食品或零食的情况。需要注意的是，对于食用昆虫的接受程度和具体的法规在不同国家和地区可能会有所变化。 【词汇延伸】 1. eatery （餐馆） 2. grub （幼虫；蛆） 3. mealworm （粉虫） 4. silkworm （蚕） 5. diner （用餐者；食客） 6. intake （摄入；摄取量） 7. logistics （物流；后勤） 综合实战演练 （一） （2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism(机制) to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining (获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative (有重大影响的) environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized (高度重视) new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful (深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption (热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test? A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers. C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______. A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit 3．What does the author suggest readers do? A．Absorb new information readily (欣然地). B．Use diverse information sources. C．Be selective information consumers. D．Protect the information environment. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Marshmallow Test for Children. ( 文章标题题主要考查对文章主题思想的把握能力和对抽象概括性语言的理解能力。文章的标题高度概括文章的内容，点明文章主题,且短小精悍，言简意赅。它可以是单词、短语也可以是简短的句子,甚至可以是疑问词加不定式结构或名词加同位语结构，其主要设题形式 What can be a suitable title for the text? What is the best title for the text? Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? Which of the following can be the best title for the text? 解题技巧 标题特征:概括性，准确性，趣味性 概括文章大意的名词(词组)，包含于标题 若有主题句，标题是主题句的浓缩。 4.找标题关注:首段，尾段 5.干扰项特点: 扩大范围，以偏概全，无中生有，曲解文意 ) ( But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. 本句主干为 But ... we still have the brains ..., and this mismatch is at the heart of ... ，是一个 and 连接的并列句。 其中 as 引导让步状语从句； we had thousands of years ago 是省略 that 的定语从句，修饰先行词 brains ； why 引导宾语从句，里面嵌入一个 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 foods 。 翻译 ： ) ( psychologist 2. nursery 3. connection various 5. adult 6. global 7. delivery device 9. ancestor 10. calorie 11. reduce involve 13. resist 14. consumption 15. effective selective 17. originally adv 18. obtain v dramatically 20. formative adj 21. mechanism n ceaselessly adv 2 3 . at the heart of sth 2 4 . struggle to do sth 2 5 . response to sth 2 6 . delay doing sth ) 全文翻译 斯坦福棉花糖测试最初是由心理学家Walter Mischel在20世纪60年代末进行的。幼儿园里四至六岁的孩子被安置在一个房间里。孩子挑选的一份甜食被放在桌子上。每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃零食前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次零食。然后他们独自留在房间里。对孩子们晚年的后续研究表明，等待足够长时间以获得第二次治疗的能力与各种形式的成功之间存在联系。 作为成年人，我们每天都要面对一个版本的棉花糖测试。我们不会被含糖的食物所诱惑，而是被我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑所诱惑——所有将我们连接到全球信息传递系统的设备，这些信息对我们的影响就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的影响一样。 我们受到含糖食物的诱惑，因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量贫乏的世界，我们的大脑对这些食物产生了反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。但是，随着我们重塑了周围的世界，大大降低了获取卡路里的成本和努力，我们仍然拥有数千年前的大脑，这种不匹配是我们中许多人难以抗拒我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。 在我们对信息的反应中，也有一个类似的过程。我们的塑造(有重大影响的) 环境作为一个物种是信息贫乏的，所以我们的大脑开发了一种珍视新信息的机制。但全球互联互通极大地改变了我们的信息环境。我们现在不断地被新信息轰炸。因此，正如我们需要对热量消耗更加深思熟虑一样，我们也需要对信息消耗更加深思熟虑，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间。 （二） （23-24高二下·陕西延安·期末）New research has highlighted the deep link between dietary choices and brain health. Published in Nature, the research showed that a healthy, balanced diet was linked to superior brain health, cognitive function and mental well-being. The study, involving researchers at the University of Warwick, sheds light on how our food preferences not only influence physical health but also significantly impact brain health. The dietary choices of a large sample of 181,990 participants from the UK Biobank were analyzed and a range of physical evaluation including cognitive functions, blood metabolic biomarkers, brain imaging, and genetics unveil new insights into the relationship between nutrition and overall well-being. A balanced diet was associated with better mental health, superior cognitive functions and even higher amounts of grey matter in the brain — linked to intelligence — compared with those with a less varied diet. The study also highlights the need for gradual changes in eating habits, especially for people who are used to tasty but nutrient-poor foods. By slowly reducing sugar and fat intake over time, people may find themselves naturally tend to make healthier food choices. Genetic factors may also contribute to the association between diet and brain health, the scientists believe, showing how a combination of genetic predispositions (倾向) and lifestyle choices shapes well-being. Lead author Professor Jianfeng Feng, University of Warwick, emphasized the importance of establishing healthy food preferences early in life. He said, “Developing a healthy balanced diet from an early age is crucial for healthy growth. To foster the development of a healthy balanced diet, both families and schools should offer a diverse range of nutritious meals and cultivate an environment that supports their physical and mental health.” Co-author Wei Cheng, Fudan University, added, “Our findings underline the associations between dietary patterns and brain health, urging common efforts in promoting nutritional awareness and fostering healthier eating habits across diverse populations.” 5．What did the research done at the University of Warwick centre on? A．The link between exercise and brain health. B．The association between diet and brain health. C．The impact of well-being on cognitive functions. D．The effects of a balanced diet on mental well-being. 6．How did researchers draw their conclusion? A．By analyzing data. B．By conducting surveys. C．By doing experiments. D．By observing participants. 7．Which of the following is influenced by the amount of grey matter in the brain? A．A person’s age. B．A person’s weight. C．A person’s height. D．A person’s cognition. 8．What may the two authors, Jianfeng Feng and Wei Cheng, suggest? A．Getting regular brain health checks. B．Improving the nutrition in every meal. C．Forming healthy eating habits early. D．Promoting health awareness in school. （三） （23-24高二下·四川攀枝花·期末）With the arrival of the summer heat, the wave of cultural-themed ice creams is sweeping across social media platforms in China. Museums, scenic spots, amusement parks and even universities have once again rolled out their unique cultural-themed ice creams this year. These ice creams are often tiny copies of famous landmarks or cultural relics (文物) that offer visitors a delight for the taste buds (味蕾). The trend of cultural-themed ice creams began in 2019 when the Old Summer Palace in Beijing was one of the first scenic spots in China to introduce lotus-shaped ice creams. It was inspired by that in 2017 eleven ancient lotus seeds were discovered in a pool at the Old Summer Palace. Six of these ancient lotus seeds bloomed in the summer of 2019. So to mark the occasion, staff at the Old Summer Palace designed ice creams shaped like lotus flowers. These ice creams were widely loved by visitors, not only serving as a cold treat but also offering a unique way for visitors to connect with their cultural heritage. To protect their cultural relics, many museums have put up signs banning photography or the use of a flash. However, cultural-themed ice creams provide an alternative way for visitors to catch memories of their visit. Various flavors offer visitors a choice of colors and ingredients for the ice cream, which reflect the local characteristics and charm of these cold treats. It is also suggested by the museums that the visitors can take the carved ice cream bars home with them to use as bookmarks. For many young people, taking photos of themselves standing alongside cultural landmarks is an artistic preference from their parents’ generation. To them, a selfie with a cultural-themed ice cream is a much cooler way to show off their travel experiences and bridge the gap between modern life and distant historical relics. 9．What can we learn about cultural-themed ice creams from the first two paragraphs? A．Visitors are eager to try their taste. B．They are made due to summer heat. C．Visitors spend much money on them. D．They are often shaped like landmarks. 10．What inspired the idea of cultural-themed ice creams? A．The Old Summer Palace. B．The wide love by visitors. C．The discovery of ancient lotus. D．The flowers of the six ancient seeds. 11．What does the underlined word “bridge” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Narrow. B．Measure. C．Create. D．Affect. 12．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A creative way to protect cultural heritage. B．Ancient lotus seeds flowered in modern times. C．A cool way to show off your travel experiences. D．Experiencing colorful cultures with your taste buds. （三） （23-24高二下·云南大理·期末）Karla Tatiana Vasquez, a trained chef and food writer, was born in El Salvador, moved to Los Angeles as a baby, and grew up eating food from her homeland. She thought it would be easy to find recipes. “I went to the Internet, did some search but only found two books, which I thought immediately, ‘Wow, this is funny,’” Vasquez said. It was at the moment that Vasquez determined to do something to safeguard her culture. Her idea became SalviSoul, a platform (平台) launched in 2015 to preserve her traditional food culture through stories, cooking classes and recipes. And now, that mission has turned into The SalviSoul Cookbook: Salvadoran Recipes. Vasquez said that the book started coming together through her desire to interview the women in her family and learn their recipes. But when friends heard about her project, they were excited to share recipes and stories from their families. She started seeking stories and recipes from her community and got responses from around the world. The interviews she collected became The SalviSoul Cookbook, with 80 recipes from 25 women. “The way that I brought in the culture was through the women in my family and they fed me.” They also shared lessons on life and love. “So there was the food that built my physical form. And as I was at the table, these stories were feeding the part of my soul that longed to connect, that longed to belong.” She eventually secured a contract (合同) for The SalviSoul Cookbook from Ten Speed Press, an imprint of Penguin Random House. About the publication, Vasquez said, “It’s about making sure that what cost a lot to learn isn’t forgotten.” 13．What inspired Vasquez’s idea of SalviSoul? A．Lack of Salvadoran recipes. B．Appetite for the Internet culture. C．Desire to be a famous chef and writer. D．Interest in traditional and modern cooking. 14．How did women in Vasquez’s family offer help? A．They funded her cookbook to be published. B．They fed her to grow up with nutritious food. C．They taught her traditional cooking techniques. D．They gave her material and emotional supports. 15．Which of the following can best describe Vasquez? A．Creative and determined. B．Outgoing and generous. C．Positive and confident. D．Friendly and thankful. 16．Who might be the target readers of The SalviSoul Cookbook? A．Female neighbors. B．Women publishers. C．Salvadoran food lovers. D．Experienced housewives. （四） （23-24高二下·河南新乡·期末）We’ve all been there — dinner is over, but your stomach (or is it your mind?) is calling you back to the kitchen. Many of us experience the temptation of after-dinner cravings (渴望). 17 . But why do they happen, even if you’ve eaten well all day? Let’s unpack the science behind these urges and explore practical solutions to help reduce the likelihood of after-dinner cravings.Identifying triggers (诱因) After-dinner cravings can stem from psychological needs to genuine hunger. 18 . Meanwhile, if your meals throughout the day lack sufficient protein or calories, your body might be signaling a real need for additional nutrients. It’s essential to distinguish between the two to address them effectively. 19 The size of your meals can significantly influence after-dinner cravings. Not getting enough calories throughout the day, particularly at dinner, can trigger hunger suffering overnight, as your body seeks to fuel itself. Conversely, overeating can lead to uncomfortable fullness and potentially disrupt your metabolism (新陈代谢) and sleep patterns. Finding the right balance is a must.Boosting protein and veggies Protein boasts a high satiety (饱腹感) index thanks to its ability to trigger the release of appetite-regulating hormones (激素). Vegetables, too, work in promoting satiety. Their high fiber content slows down digestion, and their high water content adds volume to meals without adding significant calories. Include protein and vegetables in your meals. 20 .Engaging in after-dinner movement 21 . It’s not only good for digestion, but helps stabilize blood sugar levels, potentially reducing the sharp rises and drops that can trigger cravings. The act of moving your body can elevate levels of endorphins, hormones known to promote feelings of well-being and potentially reduce cravings. A．Reshaping your habits B．Eating properly-portioned meals C．They can seemingly be at odds with our health goals D．They’re great combinations to help you keep cravings at bay E．Light physical activity, like walking, offers a two-fold benefits F．Including a protein source at each meal, you feel the less urge to snack later on G．Stress or boredom may trick you into thinking you’re hungry, causing unnecessary snacking （五） 语法填空 （23-24高一下·广东汕头·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 22 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks（筷子）. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 23 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine 24 (vary) hardwoods and metal 25 (create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 26 (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, 27 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 28 (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 29 lived from roughly 551 to 479B．C, influenced the 30 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people 31 killings and were too violent to use at the table. （六） 书面表达 32．（23-24高二下·陕西延安·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, Chen, a senior high school student, decided to give a surprise to his parents. He knew how hard they worked every day and wanted to help them by taking on some housework. Chen wanted to try cooking for his parents. He chose a few special dishes that he knew his parents loved. His younger brother eagerly offered to help, and Chen agreed, keeping their plan a secret from their parents. Chen and his brother started early. They went to the market to buy ingredients: vegetables, spices, and all the necessary items for their chosen dishes. When they returned home, they began to prepare the meal. Chen and his brother were busy in the kitchen. They washed vegetables and meat, and prepared other ingredients with great care. They laughed and joked as they worked, enjoying the time spent together. Chen took the lead in mixing the sauces and controlling the heat while cooking, ensuring that everything was cooked well. As the smell of the cooking filled the kitchen, Chen’s brother couldn’t contain his excitement. “This is going to be amazing! Mom and Dad will be so surprised,” he said with a happy smile. Chen smiled, feeling a sense of accomplishment and expectation. Finally, after hours of hard work, the dishes were ready. The kitchen was filled with a delightful smell. Chen and his brother carefully plated the dishes, making sure everything looked nice. They added a heartfelt thank-you card to the table, expressing their gratitude for their parents’ hard work and love. When their parents arrived home and walked into the dining room, they were greeted by the sight of a beautifully set table and the food. Chen’s parents were surprised. Chen and his brother smiled. “We wanted to thank you for everything you do for us,” Chen explained. “So we made dinner for you.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Their parents were deeply moved and they sat down to eat. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After dinner, the family sat together, sharing stories. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 思维素养提升 写作项目——Write about a healthy diet 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于健康饮食的文章，属于说明文的范畴，旨在通过帮助学生积累有关健康饮食的知识，深化对健康饮食这一主题的理解，并反思自身饮食习惯。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读理解相似语篇，尝试提炼出思维导图，绘制出写作文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （23-24高二下·陕西西安·期中）随着生活水平的提高，人们越来越关注健康问题。健康专家提出了保持健康的几点建议： 建议 注意事项 饮食 多吃水果和蔬菜，因为其中富含维生素，脂肪含量低； 不要吃脂肪含量高的食物；吃甜点要适量；不多喝咖啡。 锻炼 经常性的锻炼保持身材；每天跑步强壮心脏；饭后不宜立即运动；运动完不能马上吃饭，也不能大量饮水。 生活习惯 …… 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $$选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture（人教版2019） 人与社会：饮食与文化 单元引言解读 Food brings people together on many different levels. It's nourishment of the soul and body; it's truly love. —Giada De Laurentiis 释义：Food not only nourishes people's physical and mental health, but also plays an important role in maintaining social and cultural relationships. 启示：本单元的引言来自知名厨师和作家吉娅达·德·劳伦蒂斯，可译为：食物在许多不同的层面上把人们聚集在一起，它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。此引言旨在引导学生理解与思考食物对人类的意义：它不仅为人们的身心健康提供养料，还在维系社会文化关系方面发挥着重要作用。 名言名句积累 人与社会：饮食与文化 1．The more you eat, the less flavor; the less you eat, the more flavor. 多吃少滋味，少吃多滋味。 2．The spirit cannot endure the body when overfed, but, if underfed, the body cannot endure the spirit. —Sales 食之过饱，心灵无法容忍躯体；食不果腹，躯体同样无法支撑心灵。 —赛尔斯 3．It is widely believed that plenty of fresh food contributes to health. 人们广泛认为足够的新鲜食物有助于健康。 4．People who eat breakfast are more likely to keep up a healthy weight. 吃早饭的人更有可能保持健康的体重。 5．The better eating habits we get into, the happier our life becomes. 我们养成的饮食习惯越好，我们生活得就越幸福。 6．Tips for keeping healthy are: work regularly and rest adequately, keep good hours and have a healthy diet. 保持身体健康的秘诀：规律地工作、充足地休息、早睡早起和健康饮食。 7."You are what you eat." 人如其食。 8. "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." 一天一苹果，医生远离我。 9. "Bread is the staff of life." 面包是生命的支柱。 10. "Good wine needs no bush."酒香不怕巷子深。 11. "Hunger is the best sauce." 饥饿是最好的调味品。 12. "One man's meat is another man's poison."甲之蜜糖，乙之砒霜。 13. "A full cup must be carried steadily." 杯满盈，须端稳。 时文拓展阅读 Singapore Approves Insects as Food Singapore's House of Seafood restaurant is the country's first eatery to offer insects to customers. The change comes after the city state's food authority recently approved 16 kinds of insects for humans to eat, including grasshoppers, grubs and mealworms. Crickets and other insects have long been eaten as street food in Southeast Asia. But the wealthy financial center places heavy safety and cleanliness restrictions on food imports. Francis Ng is the chief of House of Seafood. He said customers love it when the dishes bring attention to the insects. For example, the restaurant offers a tofu dish made to look like bugs are crawling out of it and a dish of rice balls decorated with silkworms. "It looks scarier so customers can film (it) for their Tiktok," said Ng. He added that customers had been calling him regularly to plan a tasting of the dishes. The restaurant has created a menu with 30 dishes that feature insects, which they can sell to the public once their importers are approved by the food authority. For now, Ng is offering free samples. In 2019, Singapore declared it was aiming to produce 30 percent of its nutritional needs by 2030. Currently, around 90 percent of food is imported. Food security expert Paul Teng said insects could certainly help move towards this goal - if people got over "the yuck factor.” "Most insects are almost all protein," said Teng. Teng added that there needs to be local production to make this new way to get protein less costly. "Getting people to accept insects in their diet is a challenge. But really, it's a normal food item. Let's do something about it to prepare the consumer for it," he said. "Me personally, I have no problem eating insects." The United Nations has said bugs can be a sustainable way to get protein to feed the world. The U.N. estimates the global population will reach 9.7 billion by 2050. Extreme weather and conflicts have also increased the interest in insects as high-quality, low-cost nutrition. In Singapore, all insects approved for human food must be farmed in a controlled environment. The insects cannot be taken from the wild. And they cannot be fed materials like human or animal waste or rotten food, the food agency says. There has been local interest in importing insects, but cost remains an issue for now: Ng said insects make up 10 percent of his costs at the House of Seafood, and they are all imported. "The price is definitely higher than eggs," he said. It is too early to tell if insects will become an important part of the Singapore diet or whether demand will decrease as it has for fake meat products. But for now, some diners say they are happy to develop a taste for bugs. "If they have a higher source of protein, why not? I'll add it to my daily meal and daily food intake," said Bregria Sim, a 23-year-old logistics executive. She added that she would be willing to pay about $30 for the unusual dishes. 【译文欣赏】 新加坡批准昆虫作为食物 新加坡的House of Seafood餐厅是该国第一家向顾客提供昆虫的餐馆。 这一变化是在该市食品管理局最近批准了16种供人类食用的昆虫之后发生的，包括蚱蜢、蛆和粉虱。 蟋蟀和其他昆虫长期以来一直是东南亚的街头食品。但这个富裕的金融中心对食品进口实施了严格的安全和清洁限制。 Francis Ng是海鲜之家的负责人。他说，顾客们喜欢这些菜肴能引起人们对昆虫的注意。例如，这家餐厅提供了一道豆腐菜，看起来像虫子从里面爬出来，还有一道用蚕装饰的饭团。 吴说：“这看起来更可怕，所以顾客可以为他们的Tiktok拍摄（它）。”他补充说，顾客一直在定期给他打电话，计划品尝这些菜肴。 这家餐厅制作了一份包含30道以昆虫为特色的菜肴的菜单，一旦进口商获得食品管理局的批准，他们就可以向公众出售这些菜肴。目前，吴提供免费样品。 2019年，新加坡宣布其目标是到2030年满足30%的营养需求。目前，约90%的食品是进口的。 粮食安全专家Paul Teng表示，如果人们克服了“恶心因素”，昆虫肯定有助于实现这一目标 滕说：“大多数昆虫几乎都是蛋白质。”。滕补充说，需要在当地生产，以降低这种获得蛋白质的新方法的成本。 他说：“让人们接受饮食中的昆虫是一个挑战。但实际上，这是一种正常的食物。让我们做点什么，让消费者做好准备。”。“就我个人而言，我吃昆虫没有问题。” 联合国表示，昆虫可以成为获取蛋白质以养活世界的可持续方式。联合国估计，到2050年，全球人口将达到97亿。极端天气和冲突也增加了人们对昆虫作为高质量、低成本营养的兴趣。 在新加坡，所有被批准作为人类食物的昆虫都必须在受控环境中养殖。昆虫不能从野外带走。食品管理局表示，他们不能吃人类或动物粪便或腐烂食物等材料。 当地人一直对进口昆虫感兴趣，但目前成本仍然是一个问题：吴说，昆虫占他在海鲜之家的成本的10%，而且都是进口的。 他说：“价格肯定比鸡蛋高。”。 现在判断昆虫是否会成为新加坡饮食的重要组成部分，或者对假冒肉类产品的需求是否会像现在这样减少，还为时过早。 但就目前而言，一些食客表示，他们很乐意培养对虫子的口味。 23岁的物流主管布雷格里娅·辛说：“如果他们有更高的蛋白质来源，为什么不呢？我会把它添加到我的日常膳食和日常食物摄入量中。”。她补充说，她愿意为这些不同寻常的菜肴支付约30美元。 【词汇积累】 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 customer –n. a person or group who buys goods or services顾客 authority –n. an agency or office that oversees a public service or activity and has the power to make and enforce rules governing it权威；当局 dish –n. a particular kind of food 菜肴 decorated –adj. made to look in a pleasing way 装饰的 feature – v. to bring attention to some element of a product or object 以......为特色 sample – n. a small amount of something that is tested, or tasted, to see if it is good样品 yuck – interjection used to express strong dislike or displeasure感叹词，用于表达强烈的不喜欢或不满。 challenge – n. a task or problem挑战 item –n. one of a group of similar things 指一组相似事物中的一个；物品 sustainable – adj. relating to a method of using a resource so that it is not permanently damaged or used up 可持续的 rotten –adj. breaking down, decaying or impossible to eat腐烂的 fake –adj. having the appearance of the real thing, but not real 假的 【知识拓展】 以下是一些允许或鼓励食用昆虫的国家：泰国：昆虫在当地的饮食文化中较为常见，例如炸蟋蟀、炸蝗虫等。墨西哥：食用昆虫有一定的传统，如蚂蚁卵、蝗虫等。哥伦比亚：一些昆虫被视为美食。南非：部分地区有食用昆虫的习惯。中国：在一些地区，昆虫如蚕蛹、蝉等也会被食用。日本：有将昆虫作为特色食品或零食的情况。需要注意的是，对于食用昆虫的接受程度和具体的法规在不同国家和地区可能会有所变化。 【词汇延伸】 1. eatery （餐馆） 2. grub （幼虫；蛆） 3. mealworm （粉虫） 4. silkworm （蚕） 5. diner （用餐者；食客） 6. intake （摄入；摄取量） 7. logistics （物流；后勤） 综合实战演练 （一） （2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism(机制) to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining (获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative (有重大影响的) environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized (高度重视) new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful (深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption (热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test? A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers. C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______. A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit 3．What does the author suggest readers do? A．Absorb new information readily (欣然地). B．Use diverse information sources. C．Be selective information consumers. D．Protect the information environment. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Marshmallow Test for Children. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福棉花糖实验的原理，以及将其类比到成人面对信息诱惑时的自控挑战，强调在信息丰富的时代需谨慎选择信息消费。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励)”可知，孩子们需要等待15分钟后再吃糖果，才能得到第二份奖励。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining(获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.(但是，随着我们重塑了周围的世界，大大减少了获取热量的成本和努力，我们的大脑仍然和数千年前一样，而这种不匹配是我们中许多人难以抗拒我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因)”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful(深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption(热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.(因此，正如我们需要对自己的热量消耗更加深思熟虑一样，我们也需要对自己信息的消耗更加深思熟虑，抵制精神上“垃圾食品”的诱惑，才能最有效地管理我们的时间)”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第二段“As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted(诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets —all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对一个版本的棉花糖测试。我们不被甜食所诱惑，而是被我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑所诱惑——所有这些设备都将我们连接到全球各种类型的信息传递系统，这些信息对我们的影响就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的影响一样)”可知，文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对的信息诱惑与自我控制问题，类比儿童面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，因此C选项“成年人的棉花糖测试”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 ( 文章标题题主要考查对文章主题思想的把握能力和对抽象概括性语言的理解能力。文章的标题高度概括文章的内容，点明文章主题,且短小精悍，言简意赅。它可以是单词、短语也可以是简短的句子,甚至可以是疑问词加不定式结构或名词加同位语结构，其主要设题形式 What can be a suitable title for the text? What is the best title for the text? Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? Which of the following can be the best title for the text? 解题技巧 标题特征:概括性，准确性，趣味性 概括文章大意的名词(词组)，包含于标题 若有主题句，标题是主题句的浓缩。 4.找标题关注:首段，尾段 5.干扰项特点: 扩大范围，以偏概全，无中生有，曲解文意 ) ( But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. 本句主干为 But ... we still have the brains ..., and this mismatch is at the heart of ... ，是一个 and 连接的并列句。 其中 as 引导让步状语从句； we had thousands of years ago 是省略 that 的定语从句，修饰先行词 brains ； why 引导宾语从句，里面嵌入一个 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 foods 。 翻译 ：然而，尽管我们已经改变了周围的世界，大大降低了获取卡路里所需的成本和努力，但我们的大脑仍然与数千年前相同，而这种不匹配正是我们许多人难以抗拒明知不该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。 ) ( 1. psychologist （心理学家） 2. nursery （托儿所；幼儿园） 3. connection （联系；关联） 4. various （各种各样的） 5. adult （成年人） 6. global （全球的；全世界的） 7. delivery （传送；交付） 8. device （装置；设备） 9. ancestor （祖先；祖宗） 10. calorie （卡路里；卡） 11. reduce （减少；降低） 12. involve （包含；需要） 13. resist （抵制；抵抗） 14. consumption （消耗；消费） 15. effective （有效的；生效的） 16. selective （选择性的；有选择的） 17. originally adv 起初 18. obtain v （尤指经努力）获得 19. dramatically adv显著地20. formative adj （对某人或某事物发展）有重大影响的 21. mechanism n 机制 22. ceaselessly adv 不停地 2 3 . at the heart of sth 在……的核心 2 4 . struggle to do sth 努力做某事 2 5 . response to sth 对……的回应 2 6 . delay doing sth 延迟做某事 ) 全文翻译 斯坦福棉花糖测试最初是由心理学家Walter Mischel在20世纪60年代末进行的。幼儿园里四至六岁的孩子被安置在一个房间里。孩子挑选的一份甜食被放在桌子上。每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃零食前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次零食。然后他们独自留在房间里。对孩子们晚年的后续研究表明，等待足够长时间以获得第二次治疗的能力与各种形式的成功之间存在联系。 作为成年人，我们每天都要面对一个版本的棉花糖测试。我们不会被含糖的食物所诱惑，而是被我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑所诱惑——所有将我们连接到全球信息传递系统的设备，这些信息对我们的影响就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的影响一样。 我们受到含糖食物的诱惑，因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量贫乏的世界，我们的大脑对这些食物产生了反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。但是，随着我们重塑了周围的世界，大大降低了获取卡路里的成本和努力，我们仍然拥有数千年前的大脑，这种不匹配是我们中许多人难以抗拒我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。 在我们对信息的反应中，也有一个类似的过程。我们的塑造(有重大影响的) 环境作为一个物种是信息贫乏的，所以我们的大脑开发了一种珍视新信息的机制。但全球互联互通极大地改变了我们的信息环境。我们现在不断地被新信息轰炸。因此，正如我们需要对热量消耗更加深思熟虑一样，我们也需要对信息消耗更加深思熟虑，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间。 （二） （23-24高二下·陕西延安·期末）New research has highlighted the deep link between dietary choices and brain health. Published in Nature, the research showed that a healthy, balanced diet was linked to superior brain health, cognitive function and mental well-being. The study, involving researchers at the University of Warwick, sheds light on how our food preferences not only influence physical health but also significantly impact brain health. The dietary choices of a large sample of 181,990 participants from the UK Biobank were analyzed and a range of physical evaluation including cognitive functions, blood metabolic biomarkers, brain imaging, and genetics unveil new insights into the relationship between nutrition and overall well-being. A balanced diet was associated with better mental health, superior cognitive functions and even higher amounts of grey matter in the brain — linked to intelligence — compared with those with a less varied diet. The study also highlights the need for gradual changes in eating habits, especially for people who are used to tasty but nutrient-poor foods. By slowly reducing sugar and fat intake over time, people may find themselves naturally tend to make healthier food choices. Genetic factors may also contribute to the association between diet and brain health, the scientists believe, showing how a combination of genetic predispositions (倾向) and lifestyle choices shapes well-being. Lead author Professor Jianfeng Feng, University of Warwick, emphasized the importance of establishing healthy food preferences early in life. He said, “Developing a healthy balanced diet from an early age is crucial for healthy growth. To foster the development of a healthy balanced diet, both families and schools should offer a diverse range of nutritious meals and cultivate an environment that supports their physical and mental health.” Co-author Wei Cheng, Fudan University, added, “Our findings underline the associations between dietary patterns and brain health, urging common efforts in promoting nutritional awareness and fostering healthier eating habits across diverse populations.” 5．What did the research done at the University of Warwick centre on? A．The link between exercise and brain health. B．The association between diet and brain health. C．The impact of well-being on cognitive functions. D．The effects of a balanced diet on mental well-being. 6．How did researchers draw their conclusion? A．By analyzing data. B．By conducting surveys. C．By doing experiments. D．By observing participants. 7．Which of the following is influenced by the amount of grey matter in the brain? A．A person’s age. B．A person’s weight. C．A person’s height. D．A person’s cognition. 8．What may the two authors, Jianfeng Feng and Wei Cheng, suggest? A．Getting regular brain health checks. B．Improving the nutrition in every meal. C．Forming healthy eating habits early. D．Promoting health awareness in school. 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章的一项研究表明，饮食选择与大脑健康之间有深刻联系，健康均衡的饮食与卓越的大脑健康、认知功能和心理健康有关，强调尽早养成健康的饮食习惯的重要性。 5．细节理解题。由第一段中“The study, involving researchers at the University of Warwick, sheds light on how our food preferences not only influence physical health but also significantly impact brain health. (这项由华威大学研究人员参与的研究揭示了我们的食物偏好如何不仅影响身体健康，而且显著影响大脑健康)”可知，华威大学的研究主要集中在饮食与大脑健康之间的关系。故选B项。 6．推理判断题。由第二段“The dietary choices of a large sample of 181,990 participants from the UK Biobank were analyzed and a range of physical evaluation including cognitive functions, blood metabolic biomarkers, brain imaging, and genetics unveil new insights into the relationship between nutrition and overall well-being. (对来自英国生物库的181,990名参与者的大样本饮食选择进行了分析，包括认知功能、血液代谢生物标志物、脑成像和遗传学在内的一系列身体评估揭示了营养与整体健康之间关系的新见解)”可知，研究人员对来自英国生物库的181,990名参与者的大样本饮食选择进行了分析，即通过分析数据得出结论的。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。由第三段“A balanced diet was associated with better mental health, superior cognitive functions and even higher amounts of grey matter in the brain — linked to intelligence — compared with those with a less varied diet. (与饮食不太多样化的人相比，均衡的饮食与更好的心理健康、更优的认知功能，甚至与智力相关的大脑灰质含量更高有关)”可知，智力高低与大脑灰质含量多少有关，“一个人的认知”属于大脑智力范畴，会受到大脑灰质数量的影响。故选D项。 8．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中“Lead author Professor Jianfeng Feng, University of Warwick, emphasized the importance of establishing healthy food preferences early in life. He said, “Developing a healthy balanced diet from an early age is crucial for healthy growth. (主要作者、华威大学冯剑峰教授强调了在生命早期建立健康饮食偏好的重要性。他说：“从小养成健康均衡的饮食习惯对健康成长至关重要)”和最后一段中Wei Cheng说的话“Our findings underline the associations between dietary patterns and brain health, urging common efforts in promoting nutritional awareness and fostering healthier eating habits across diverse populations. (我们的研究结果强调了饮食模式与大脑健康之间的关联，敦促在不同人群中共同努力提高营养意识，培养更健康的饮食习惯)”可知，Jianfeng Feng和Wei Cheng建议人们尽早养成健康的饮食习惯。故选C项。 （三） （23-24高二下·四川攀枝花·期末）With the arrival of the summer heat, the wave of cultural-themed ice creams is sweeping across social media platforms in China. Museums, scenic spots, amusement parks and even universities have once again rolled out their unique cultural-themed ice creams this year. These ice creams are often tiny copies of famous landmarks or cultural relics (文物) that offer visitors a delight for the taste buds (味蕾). The trend of cultural-themed ice creams began in 2019 when the Old Summer Palace in Beijing was one of the first scenic spots in China to introduce lotus-shaped ice creams. It was inspired by that in 2017 eleven ancient lotus seeds were discovered in a pool at the Old Summer Palace. Six of these ancient lotus seeds bloomed in the summer of 2019. So to mark the occasion, staff at the Old Summer Palace designed ice creams shaped like lotus flowers. These ice creams were widely loved by visitors, not only serving as a cold treat but also offering a unique way for visitors to connect with their cultural heritage. To protect their cultural relics, many museums have put up signs banning photography or the use of a flash. However, cultural-themed ice creams provide an alternative way for visitors to catch memories of their visit. Various flavors offer visitors a choice of colors and ingredients for the ice cream, which reflect the local characteristics and charm of these cold treats. It is also suggested by the museums that the visitors can take the carved ice cream bars home with them to use as bookmarks. For many young people, taking photos of themselves standing alongside cultural landmarks is an artistic preference from their parents’ generation. To them, a selfie with a cultural-themed ice cream is a much cooler way to show off their travel experiences and bridge the gap between modern life and distant historical relics. 9．What can we learn about cultural-themed ice creams from the first two paragraphs? A．Visitors are eager to try their taste. B．They are made due to summer heat. C．Visitors spend much money on them. D．They are often shaped like landmarks. 10．What inspired the idea of cultural-themed ice creams? A．The Old Summer Palace. B．The wide love by visitors. C．The discovery of ancient lotus. D．The flowers of the six ancient seeds. 11．What does the underlined word “bridge” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Narrow. B．Measure. C．Create. D．Affect. 12．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A creative way to protect cultural heritage. B．Ancient lotus seeds flowered in modern times. C．A cool way to show off your travel experiences. D．Experiencing colorful cultures with your taste buds. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．A 12．A 【导语】本文的体裁属于说明文。文章主要介绍了文化主题冰淇淋在中国社交媒体平台上的流行现象，以及这些冰淇淋如何成为连接现代生活与文化遗产的桥梁，让人们在品尝美味的同时体验不同的文化。 9．推理判断题。由文章第二段“Museums, scenic spots, amusement parks and even universities have once again rolled out their unique cultural-themed ice creams this year. These ice creams are often tiny copies of famous landmarks or cultural relics (文物) that offer visitors a delight for the taste buds (味蕾). (今年，博物馆、景点、游乐园甚至大学都再次推出了他们独特的文化主题冰淇淋。这些冰淇淋通常是著名地标或文物的微小复制品，为游客提供味蕾的乐趣。)”可知，这些冰淇淋通常是著名地标或文物的微型复制品。因此，我们可以从这两段中了解到，文化主题冰淇淋通常是地标形状的。故选D。 10．细节理解题。由文章第三段“The trend of cultural-themed ice creams began in 2019 when the Old Summer Palace in Beijing was one of the first scenic spots in China to introduce lotus-shaped ice creams. It was inspired by that in 2017 eleven ancient lotus seeds were discovered in a pool at the Old Summer Palace. Six of these ancient lotus seeds bloomed in the summer of 2019. So to mark the occasion, staff at the Old Summer Palace designed ice creams shaped like lotus flowers. These ice creams were widely loved by visitors, not only serving as a cold treat but also offering a unique way for visitors to connect with their cultural heritage. (以文化为主题的冰淇淋潮流始于2019年，当时北京圆明园是中国首批推出莲形冰淇淋的景点之一。它的灵感来自于2017年在圆明园的一个池塘里发现的11颗古老的莲子。2019年夏天，六颗古老的莲子开花了。为了纪念这一节日，圆明园的工作人员设计了莲花形状的冰淇淋。这些冰淇淋受到游客的广泛喜爱，不仅作为一种冷饮，而且为游客提供了一种与他们的文化遗产联系在一起的独特方式。)”可知，古代莲子的发现启发了文化主题冰淇淋的创意。故选C。 11．词句猜测题。由文章最后一段“For many young people, taking photos of themselves standing alongside cultural landmarks is an artistic preference from their parents’ generation. To them, a selfie with a cultural-themed ice cream is a much cooler way to show off their travel experiences (对许多年轻人来说，站在文化地标旁拍照是他们父母那一代的一种艺术偏好。对他们来说，拿着文化主题冰淇淋自拍是一种更酷的方式，可以展示他们的旅行经历)”和“the gap between modern life and distant historical relics. (现代生活和遥远历史遗迹之间的差距)”可知，许多年轻人认为，用文化主题冰淇淋自拍是一种更酷的方式来展示他们的旅行经历，缩小现代生活与遥远历史遗迹之间的鸿沟。这里的bridge指的是缩小两者之间的差距。A. Narrow使窄小；B. Measure测量；C. Create创建；D. Affect影响。故选A。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章倒数第二段“To protect their cultural relics, many museums have put up signs banning photography or the use of a flash. However, cultural-themed ice creams provide an alternative way for visitors to catch memories of their visit. Various flavors offer visitors a choice of colors and ingredients for the ice cream, which reflect the local characteristics and charm of these cold treats. It is also suggested by the museums that the visitors can take the carved ice cream bars home with them to use as bookmarks. (为了保护文物，许多博物馆都张贴了禁止拍照或使用闪光灯的标志。然而，以文化为主题的冰淇淋为游客提供了另一种方式来捕捉他们的访问记忆。各种口味的冰淇淋为游客提供了颜色和配料的选择，体现了这些冷食的地方特色和魅力。博物馆还建议游客可以将雕刻好的雪糕带回家作为书签使用。)”可知，文章主要讲述了各种文化主题的冰淇淋在中国社交媒体平台上走红，并且这些冰淇淋往往是著名地标或文物的微型复制品，让游客在品尝的同时感受到不同的文化，从而创造性地保护文化遗产。选项A“Creative way to protect cultural heritage. (创造性地保护文化遗产)”符合题意。故选A。 （三） （23-24高二下·云南大理·期末）Karla Tatiana Vasquez, a trained chef and food writer, was born in El Salvador, moved to Los Angeles as a baby, and grew up eating food from her homeland. She thought it would be easy to find recipes. “I went to the Internet, did some search but only found two books, which I thought immediately, ‘Wow, this is funny,’” Vasquez said. It was at the moment that Vasquez determined to do something to safeguard her culture. Her idea became SalviSoul, a platform (平台) launched in 2015 to preserve her traditional food culture through stories, cooking classes and recipes. And now, that mission has turned into The SalviSoul Cookbook: Salvadoran Recipes. Vasquez said that the book started coming together through her desire to interview the women in her family and learn their recipes. But when friends heard about her project, they were excited to share recipes and stories from their families. She started seeking stories and recipes from her community and got responses from around the world. The interviews she collected became The SalviSoul Cookbook, with 80 recipes from 25 women. “The way that I brought in the culture was through the women in my family and they fed me.” They also shared lessons on life and love. “So there was the food that built my physical form. And as I was at the table, these stories were feeding the part of my soul that longed to connect, that longed to belong.” She eventually secured a contract (合同) for The SalviSoul Cookbook from Ten Speed Press, an imprint of Penguin Random House. About the publication, Vasquez said, “It’s about making sure that what cost a lot to learn isn’t forgotten.” 13．What inspired Vasquez’s idea of SalviSoul? A．Lack of Salvadoran recipes. B．Appetite for the Internet culture. C．Desire to be a famous chef and writer. D．Interest in traditional and modern cooking. 14．How did women in Vasquez’s family offer help? A．They funded her cookbook to be published. B．They fed her to grow up with nutritious food. C．They taught her traditional cooking techniques. D．They gave her material and emotional supports. 15．Which of the following can best describe Vasquez? A．Creative and determined. B．Outgoing and generous. C．Positive and confident. D．Friendly and thankful. 16．Who might be the target readers of The SalviSoul Cookbook? A．Female neighbors. B．Women publishers. C．Salvadoran food lovers. D．Experienced housewives. 【答案】13．A 14．D 15．A 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了厨师兼作家Karla Tatiana Vasquez创建SalviSoul平台及出版The SalviSoul Cookbook: Salvadoran Recipes的故事，旨在保存萨尔瓦多传统美食文化。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Karla Tatiana Vasquez, a trained chef and food writer, was born in El Salvador, moved to Los Angeles as a baby, and grew up eating food from her homeland. She thought it would be easy to find recipes. “I went to the Internet, did some search but only found two books, which I thought immediately, ‘Wow, this is funny,’” Vasquez said. It was at the moment that Vasquez determined to do something to safeguard her culture.(Karla Tatiana Vasquez是一位训练有素的厨师和美食作家，出生于萨尔瓦多，婴儿时期搬到洛杉矶，从小吃着家乡的食物长大。她认为找到菜谱很容易。Vasquez说：“我上网搜索了一下，但只找到了两本书，我立刻想，‘哇，这很有趣。’”。正是在这一刻，Vasquez决心做点什么来保护她的文化)”以及第二段“Her idea became SalviSoul, a platform (平台) launched in 2015 to preserve her traditional food culture through stories, cooking classes and recipes.(她的想法变成了SalviSoul，这是一个于2015年推出的平台，旨在通过故事、烹饪课程和食谱来保护她的传统饮食文化)”可知，是缺少萨尔瓦多食谱的事实激发了Vasquez建立SalviSoul平台的想法。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Vasquez said that the book started coming together through her desire to interview the women in her family and learn their recipes. But when friends heard about her project, they were excited to share recipes and stories from their families.(Vasquez说，这本书开始成型是通过她采访家里的女性并学习她们的食谱的渴望。但当朋友们听说她的项目时，她们很高兴能分享家人的食谱和故事)”以及第四段““The way that I brought in the culture was through the women in my family and they fed me.” They also shared lessons on life and love. “So there was the food that built my physical form. And as I was at the table, these stories were feeding the part of my soul that longed to connect, that longed to belong.”(“我是通过家里的女性把这种文化带进来的，她们养活了我。”她们还分享了关于生活和爱情的课程。“所以有食物建立了我的身体形态。当我坐在餐桌旁时，这些故事滋养了我灵魂中渴望联系、渴望归属的部分。”)”可知，Vasquez家里的女性不仅养活了Vasquez，而且她们分享的故事也滋养了的Vasquez的精神，即她们给了Vasquez物质和情感上的支持。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第二段“Her idea became SalviSoul, a platform (平台) launched in 2015 to preserve her traditional food culture through stories, cooking classes and recipes.(她的想法变成了SalviSoul，这是一个于2015年推出的平台，旨在通过故事、烹饪课程和食谱来保护她的传统饮食文化)”以及最后一段“She eventually secured a contract (合同) for The SalviSoul Cookbook from Ten Speed Press, an imprint of Penguin Random House.(她最终从企鹅兰登书屋旗下的十速出版社获得了The SalviSoul Cookbook的合同)”可知，Vasquez创立了SalviSoul平台，并且成功地将这一概念转化为一本包含家庭食谱和故事的烹饪书，这表明她是有创造力和有决心的。故选A。 16．推理判断题。根据第二段“Her idea became SalviSoul, a platform launched in 2015 to preserve her traditional food culture through stories, cooking classes and recipes. And now, that mission has turned into The SalviSoul Cookbook: Salvadoran Recipes.(她的想法变成了SalviSoul，这是一个于2015年推出的平台，旨在通过故事、烹饪课程和食谱来保护她的传统饮食文化。现在，这个任务已经变成了The SalviSoul Cookbook: Salvadoran Recipes)”可知，The SalviSoul Cookbook: Salvadoran Recipes旨在通过故事、烹饪课程和食谱保护Vasquez的传统饮食文化，由此推知，这本书的目标读者可能是萨尔瓦多的美食爱好者。故选C。 （四） （23-24高二下·河南新乡·期末）We’ve all been there — dinner is over, but your stomach (or is it your mind?) is calling you back to the kitchen. Many of us experience the temptation of after-dinner cravings (渴望). 17 . But why do they happen, even if you’ve eaten well all day? Let’s unpack the science behind these urges and explore practical solutions to help reduce the likelihood of after-dinner cravings.Identifying triggers (诱因) After-dinner cravings can stem from psychological needs to genuine hunger. 18 . Meanwhile, if your meals throughout the day lack sufficient protein or calories, your body might be signaling a real need for additional nutrients. It’s essential to distinguish between the two to address them effectively. 19 The size of your meals can significantly influence after-dinner cravings. Not getting enough calories throughout the day, particularly at dinner, can trigger hunger suffering overnight, as your body seeks to fuel itself. Conversely, overeating can lead to uncomfortable fullness and potentially disrupt your metabolism (新陈代谢) and sleep patterns. Finding the right balance is a must.Boosting protein and veggies Protein boasts a high satiety (饱腹感) index thanks to its ability to trigger the release of appetite-regulating hormones (激素). Vegetables, too, work in promoting satiety. Their high fiber content slows down digestion, and their high water content adds volume to meals without adding significant calories. Include protein and vegetables in your meals. 20 .Engaging in after-dinner movement 21 . It’s not only good for digestion, but helps stabilize blood sugar levels, potentially reducing the sharp rises and drops that can trigger cravings. The act of moving your body can elevate levels of endorphins, hormones known to promote feelings of well-being and potentially reduce cravings. A．Reshaping your habits B．Eating properly-portioned meals C．They can seemingly be at odds with our health goals D．They’re great combinations to help you keep cravings at bay E．Light physical activity, like walking, offers a two-fold benefits F．Including a protein source at each meal, you feel the less urge to snack later on G．Stress or boredom may trick you into thinking you’re hungry, causing unnecessary snacking 【答案】17．C 18．G 19．B 20．D 21．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条抑制餐后食欲的建议。 17．根据前文“Many of us experience the temptation of after-dinner cravings (渴望). (我们很多人都经历过餐后食欲的诱惑。)”强调我们很多人都经历过餐后食欲的诱惑。C选项“They can seemingly be at odds with our health goals (它们似乎与我们的健康目标不一致)”中的they指代前文的“cravings”，形成呼应，自出这些欲望与健康目标不一致，符合语境，故选C。 18．根据前文“After-dinner cravings can stem from psychological needs to genuine hunger. (餐后的渴望可能源于真正饥饿的心理需求。)”此处强调餐后的欲望来自于真正的心理需求，后文“心理需求”进行解释。G选项“Stress or boredom may trick you into thinking you’re hungry, causing unnecessary snacking (压力或无聊可能会让你误以为自己饿了，导致你吃不必要的零食)”中的stress和boredom与前文的“心理需求”形成呼应，强调压力或无聊可能会让你误以为自己饿了，导致你吃不必要的零食，符合语境。故选G。 19．设空处为本段段旨，同时也为本段小标题。根据后文“The size of your meals can significantly influence after-dinner cravings. Not getting enough calories throughout the day, particularly at dinner, can trigger hunger suffering overnight, as your body seeks to fuel itself. (你的饭量会显著影响饭后的渴望。一天中没有摄入足够的卡路里，尤其是在晚餐时，会引发一夜之间的饥饿感，因为你的身体会寻求给自己补充能量。)”可知，本段阐述的是每天要合理的安排和分配膳食。B选项“Eating properly-portioned meals (合理分配膳食)”概括本段主要内容，符合语境。故选B。 20．根据前文“Include protein and vegetables in your meals. (在你的膳食中加入蛋白质和蔬菜。)”此处强调的是饮食中蛋白质和蔬菜的重要性。D选项“They’re great combinations to help you keep cravings at bay (它们是很好的组合，可以帮助你控制食欲)”中的combinations与前文的“蛋白质和蔬菜”形成呼应，强调二者的组合能够控制食欲，符合语境。故选D。 21．根据本段段旨“Engaging in after-dinner movement (参加餐后活动)”可知，本段建议餐后参加锻炼运动。E选项“Light physical activity, like walking, offers a two-fold benefits (轻微的身体活动，比如散步，有双重好处)”强调饭后散步以及轻微的身体运动的好处，符合语境。故选E。 （五） 语法填空 （23-24高一下·广东汕头·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 22 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks（筷子）. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 23 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine 24 (vary) hardwoods and metal 25 (create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 26 (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, 27 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 28 (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 29 lived from roughly 551 to 479B．C, influenced the 30 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people 31 killings and were too violent to use at the table. 【答案】 22．and 23．be made 24．various 25．to create 26．using 27．as/when 28．gradually 29．who 30．development 31．of 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国使用筷子的悠久历史和文化内涵。 22．考查连词。句意：在亚洲的大部分地区，尤其是中国、日本、韩国和越南等所谓的“饭碗”文化，食物通常用筷子吃。根据句意以及空前的China、Japan、Korea可知，此处为连词and连接Vietnam，和空前的列举名词形成并列关系。故填and。 23．考查动词语态。句意：真正优雅的筷子可能是用金和银做的，上面有汉字。此处为谓语动词的填入，主语Truly elegant chopsticks和动词make为被动关系，结合空前might为情态动词，所以为be done形式。故填be made。 24．考查形容词。句意：熟练的工人还将各种硬木和金属结合起来，创造出特殊的设计。由空后hardwoods为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词。故填various。 25．考查动词不定式。句意：熟练的工人还将各种硬木和金属结合起来，创造出特殊的设计。根据句意可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to create。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们可能在大锅里煮食物，用小树枝把食物取出来。该句谓语动词为cooked，此处为非谓语动词作状语，use和逻辑主语People为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填using。 27．考查连词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，以便更快地烹饪。分析句子可知，此处为连词as/when表示“当……时候”引导的时间状语从句，满足句意要求。故填as/when。 28．考查副词。句意：小块的食物可以很容易地用小树枝吃，小树枝逐渐变成了筷子。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词gradually作状语修饰动词turned into。故填gradually。 29．考查定语从句。句意：有些人认为，中国伟大的学者孔子(大约生活在公元前551年至公元前479年)影响了筷子的发展。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Confucius(指人)在从句中作主语成分。故填who。 30．考查名词。句意：有些人认为，中国伟大的学者孔子(大约生活在公元前551年至公元前479年)影响了筷子的发展。由空前the为定冠词可知，此处为名词形式，和of后面的名词形成所属关系。故填development。 31．考查动词短语。句意：孔子认为刀会让人想起杀戮，而且在餐桌上使用太过暴力。此处为动词短语remind sb of doing sth“提醒某人做某事”，所以此处为介词of的填入。故填of。 （六） 书面表达 32．（23-24高二下·陕西延安·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, Chen, a senior high school student, decided to give a surprise to his parents. He knew how hard they worked every day and wanted to help them by taking on some housework. Chen wanted to try cooking for his parents. He chose a few special dishes that he knew his parents loved. His younger brother eagerly offered to help, and Chen agreed, keeping their plan a secret from their parents. Chen and his brother started early. They went to the market to buy ingredients: vegetables, spices, and all the necessary items for their chosen dishes. When they returned home, they began to prepare the meal. Chen and his brother were busy in the kitchen. They washed vegetables and meat, and prepared other ingredients with great care. They laughed and joked as they worked, enjoying the time spent together. Chen took the lead in mixing the sauces and controlling the heat while cooking, ensuring that everything was cooked well. As the smell of the cooking filled the kitchen, Chen’s brother couldn’t contain his excitement. “This is going to be amazing! Mom and Dad will be so surprised,” he said with a happy smile. Chen smiled, feeling a sense of accomplishment and expectation. Finally, after hours of hard work, the dishes were ready. The kitchen was filled with a delightful smell. Chen and his brother carefully plated the dishes, making sure everything looked nice. They added a heartfelt thank-you card to the table, expressing their gratitude for their parents’ hard work and love. When their parents arrived home and walked into the dining room, they were greeted by the sight of a beautifully set table and the food. Chen’s parents were surprised. Chen and his brother smiled. “We wanted to thank you for everything you do for us,” Chen explained. “So we made dinner for you.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Their parents were deeply moved and they sat down to eat. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After dinner, the family sat together, sharing stories. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Their parents were deeply moved and they sat down to eat. They couldn’t help but feel overwhelmed with emotion. It wasn’t just the delicious food that moved their heart, but the thought and effort that their sons had put into making this meal for them. The aroma of home-cooked meals filled the air, and the clinking of cutlery against plates echoed through the house. There was a sense of togetherness and happiness that permeated the atmosphere, making them cherish those moments even more. After dinner, the family sat together, sharing stories. Their parents asked about their day, showing genuine interest in their lives. Chen said they woke up early, carefully prepared the ingredients, and even took the time to decorate the plate. Their parents were proud of what their sons had done. Chen added, “After a long day’s work, you are tired. I want you to relax a bit. By cooking, we not only express our love for you, but also experience the joy of learning and growth.” Hearing that, they felt relieved that their child had grown up. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了高中生陈看到父母工作辛苦，想帮他们做些家务，因此决定为父母做一顿饭以此感激父母，给父母一个惊喜，弟弟也加入进来，兄弟俩精心准备这顿饭，父母回家后对看到的一切感到惊讶，陈说是为了感谢父母为他们所做的一切。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们的父母深受感动，坐下来吃饭。”可知，第一段可描写父母吃饭时的心理活动和就餐时的环境描写。 ②由第二段首句内容“晚饭后，一家人坐在一起，分享故事。”可知，第二段可描写饭后父母询问兄弟俩的一天，父母为兄弟俩感到骄傲，陈表达了对父母的爱，父母感到欣慰。 2.续写线索：父母坐下来吃饭——父母的心理活动——吃饭时的温馨气氛——饭后闲谈——亲子交流今天发生的事——陈表达对父母的爱——父母感到欣慰 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①询问：ask/enquire ②珍惜：cherish/treasure ③表达：express/convey 情绪类 ①为……感到骄傲：be proud of/take pride in ②高兴：joy/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1]. There was a sense of togetherness and happiness that permeated the atmosphere, making them cherish those moments even more. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. Their parents were proud of what their sons had done. (运用了what引导的宾语从句) 思维素养提升 写作项目——Write about a healthy diet 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于健康饮食的文章，属于说明文的范畴，旨在通过帮助学生积累有关健康饮食的知识，深化对健康饮食这一主题的理解，并反思自身饮食习惯。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读理解相似语篇，尝试提炼出思维导图，绘制出写作文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （23-24高二下·陕西西安·期中）随着生活水平的提高，人们越来越关注健康问题。健康专家提出了保持健康的几点建议： 建议 注意事项 饮食 多吃水果和蔬菜，因为其中富含维生素，脂肪含量低； 不要吃脂肪含量高的食物；吃甜点要适量；不多喝咖啡。 锻炼 经常性的锻炼保持身材；每天跑步强壮心脏；饭后不宜立即运动；运动完不能马上吃饭，也不能大量饮水。 生活习惯 …… 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 With the improvement of people’s living standards, people are paying more attention to health problems. Firstly, we should eat lots of fruit and vegetables, because they are rich in vitamins and low in fat. As a proverb says, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Don’t have a lot of food that contains too much fat. Secondly, exercise is important. Regular exercise can help us keep our figures. People who do running every day usually have stronger hearts than those who don’t. Finally, we should sleep about eight hours every day, and never work too hard. Overwork and little sleep will cause us to fall ill. What’s more, keep happy every day. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生介绍健康专家提出的保持健康的几点建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：improvement→enhancement 关注：pay attention to→focus on 重要的：important→significant 导致：cause→lead to 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Overwork and little sleep will cause us to fall ill. 拓展句：It is overwork and little sleep that will cause us to fall ill. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, we should eat lots of fruit and vegetables, because they are rich in vitamins and low in fat.(运用了because引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】People who do running every day usually have stronger hearts than those who don’t.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) $$