限时规范训练(5) 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（word课时作业）-【高考领航】2025年高考英语大一轮复习（人教版2019）

(限时：30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·湖南省百所学校高三联考)It's getting cold and winter is coming.More than 4 billion birds will stream overhead on their migration to warmer grounds down south, where they will feed.One of my favorite places to see this migration in action is Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge in New Mexico, a critical stopover for a number of different migrating species. The best time to visit is mid-November through mid-February, and I usually go to the place in mid-December.I've made it a tradition to go with my father with our cameras, and I look forward to our day trip all year long.I also love our tradition of stopping at Buckhorn Tavern for a famous green chile cheeseburger at the end of a long day in the field. Most Snow Geese come from Northern Canada, flying up to 1, 500 miles at 40 miles per hour along with their partners and sometimes their young.Sandhill Cranes are much larger, breeding in Canada, Alaska and Siberia.Once almost extinct, they have recovered dramatically because of places like this national wildlife refuge. Bird photography typically means using a huge lens (镜头) to get close to all the action.The big lens ensures I get those magical moments without disturbing a bird endangered.But I needn't go far to see migrating species.In my own backyard.I use a bird blind, which allows me to sit inside capturing photos of any migrating species flying through.In my own backyard, I also find that not all birds migrate, but they prepare for winter, stocking up seeds and acorns. So wherever you are, keep your eyes out and up.If you miss the migration this year, soon it'll be warming up and the birds will be on their journeys to their summer homes in the North. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者喜欢看鸟类迁徙，描述了作者的一些观鸟经历与感受。 1．What does Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge mean to the author? A．A scenery spot to have fun. B．A destination to take photos. C．A field to catch some birds. D．A place to watch birds migrate. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“One of my favorite places to see this migration in action is Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge in New Mexico, a critical stopover for a number of different migrating species.”可知，博斯克德尔阿帕奇国家野生动物保护区对作者来说意味着一个观看鸟类迁徙的地方。 2．Where does the author like to go to eat something after the visit? A．To Canada. B．To Alaska. C．To Buckhorn Tavern. D．To the backyard. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“I also love our tradition of stopping at Buckhorn Tavern for a famous green chile cheeseburger at the end of a long day in the field.”可知，参观结束后作者喜欢去巴克霍恩酒馆吃东西。 3．Why are Sandhill Cranes mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To show the reserve's value. B．To introduce a kind of birds. C．To stress the importance of birds. D．To list some birds' migratory sites. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sandhill Cranes are much larger, breeding in Canada, Alaska and Siberia.Once almost extinct, they have recovered dramatically because of places like this national wildlife refuge.”可推知，在第三段提到了沙丘鹤是为了显示保护区的价值。 4．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The habits of some migrating species. B．The author's knowledge of endangered birds. C．The skills of taking photos of migrating birds. D．The author's efforts to watch birds' migration. 解析：D　段落大意题。通读第四段可知，本段的主要内容是作者观察鸟类迁徙的努力。 B (2024·沈阳市高三教学质量检测)The Sahara is the world's largest and most magic desert，but knowledge about it is surprisingly limited.Even estimates of when it formed vary widely，from more than five million years ago to mere thousands.Now，however，geologists studying wind-carried Saharan dust on the Canary Islands have come closer to settling this：it is，they report，close to five million years old. One reason for the uncertainty over the Sahara's age is that researchers use different methods to estimate it.These include studying desert dust found in sediment(沉积物) under the Atlantic Ocean，analyzing sandstone and modeling the ancient climate.To help settle the uncertainty，Daniel Muhs，geomorphologist of the U．S.Geological Survey，and his colleagues looked at sediment on Spain's Canary Islands.They found evidence of Saharan dust.The dust appeared in ancient soil layers (层)，whose age they assessed on the basis of fossils (化石) found in the same layers—and that age agreed with the earlier marine sediment studies.The researchers reported their findings in November in Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology. “The conclusion of the study is very good，”says Zhongshi Zhang，a climate modeler at the University of Bergen in Norway，who was not involved in the work.“Because the dust found on the islands is distinct from the ocean's record，” Zhang adds，“it helps to build the case for a five-million-year age.” The Sahara is the biggest source of wind-carried dust in the world—and that dust's journey does not end in the Canary Islands，which lie just off the western coast of Africa.It continues on to places such as the Amazon rainforest in South America，Daniel notes.Amazon soils are poor in nutrients，and he says the new results help to show how rich dust from Africa could have been supporting the South American region's incredible biodiversity for millions of years—adding to the Amazon's own origin story. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的、最神奇的沙漠，但是关于它的知识却惊人地有限。来自美国地质调查局的地貌学家Daniel Muhs和他的同事通过评估古代土壤层中尘土的年龄，确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间。 5．How did Daniel settle the formation time of the Sahara? A．By modeling the ancient climate in Spain's islands. B．By studying the desert dust under the Atlantic Ocean. C．By assessing the age of the dust in ancient soil layers. D．By analyzing the wind-carried sandstone in the Sahara. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“To help settle the uncertainty, Daniel ...and that age agreed with the earlier marine sediment studies.”可知，Daniel通过评估古代土壤层中尘土的年龄来确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间，故选C。 6．What do the underlined words “their findings” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The appearance of the dust. B．The formation of two layers. C．The age of the Saharan dust. D．The agreement of two layers. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“They found evidence of Saharan dust ...that age agreed with the earlier marine sediment studies.”可知，“their findings”指代上文提及的“撒哈拉尘土的年龄”。 7．What contributes to the biodiversity of the South America? A．The Saharan dust. B．The Amazon soils. C．The Amazon rainforest. D．The coastal waters. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Amazon soils are poor in nutrients...the South American region's incredible biodiversity for millions of years”可知，亚马孙土壤营养贫乏，Daniel说这个新的研究结果有助于表明，数百万年以来，来自非洲的肥沃的尘土是如何促成南美洲地区惊人的生物多样性的。故选A。 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．The Study of the Sahara B．The Birth of the Sahara C．The Source of the Sahara D．The Effect of the Sahara 解析：B　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“geologists studying wind-carried Saharan dust on the Canary Islands have come closer to settling this: it is, they report, close to five million years old”可知，本文主要介绍了地貌学家研究加那利群岛的沉积物，确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间，即撒哈拉沙漠有近500万年的历史。故B项“撒哈拉沙漠的诞生”最适合作本文的标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·山东省潍坊市四县模拟)Joe, a 22-year-old electrician, went to the site after a tall building caught fire.He wanted to 1 there but found that his skills weren't needed. While wandering in the community, he came across a(n) 2 firefighter who was having a rest.The young firefighter was 3 with dirt and debris(碎片)．Though Joe could see bits of brick in the man's hair and 4 that his hands were bloody, what worried Joe most was the firefighter's 5 , which appeared lifeless and dull.The young firefighter, apparently in shock, 6 to talk and Joe listened. Joe soon forgot his own 7 over not being able to offer help there as he listened to the 8 story the firefighter related.Joe listened 9 without interrupting.He listened as the firefighter lamented(为……感到悲伤) the scene.Joe didn't judge; he just listened with tears rolling down his cheeks.The man 10 his pain eventually.In front of a 11 , the firefighter tried to put his world back in order to make sense of the day's 12 . That day, Joe didn't use his 13 to help with the relief effort.But he did something important for another.He 14 a disheartened man attention, patience and compassion and in a small but 15 way, he assisted the firefighter in the work of setting the world right. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了乔本想做志愿者去帮助救火，却发现在那里不需要他的技能，于是当他在社区散步的时候，通过倾听的方式，偶然为一个沮丧的消防员提供了关注、耐心和同情的故事。 1．A.stay　　　　　　 B．volunteer C．step D．emerge 解析：B　根据前文“Joe, a 22-year-old electrician, went to the site after a tall building caught fire.”及后文“but found that his skills weren't needed”可知，乔赶到着火地点后发现那里不需要自己的技能，推断出他想要做志愿者服务。 2．A.confident B．mysterious C．relaxed D．exhausted 解析：D　根据后文“who was having a rest”可知，消防员正在休息，说明他精疲力竭。 3．A.covered B．equipped C．consumed D．supplied 解析：A　根据后文“Though Joe could see bits of brick in the man's hair”可知，消防员的头发上有砖的残片，说明年轻的消防员身上覆盖了泥土和碎片。 4．A.expected B．wondered C．noticed D．concluded 解析：C　根据后文“his hands were bloody”可知，消防员的手流血了是乔注意到的情况。 5．A.hands B．legs C．arms D．eyes 解析：D　根据后文“which appeared lifeless and dull”可知，看起来毫无生气的和呆滞的，应该是对眼睛的描述。 6．A.hesitated B．pretended C．refused D．began 解析：D　根据后文“Joe listened”可知，乔在听消防员叙述，说明消防员开始说话了。 7．A.mistakes B．disappointment C．fears D．promise 解析：B　根据后文“not being able to offer help there”可知，乔没能为着火的地方提供帮助，推断出他在当时是失望的。 8．A.complex B．familiar C．terrible D．thrilling 解析：C　根据后文“He listened as the firefighter lamented(为……感到悲伤) the scene.”可知，他听着消防员对这一场景的感伤，说明消防员讲述的故事很可怕。 9．A.attentively B．passively C．anxiously D．selectively 解析：A　根据后文“Joe didn't judge; he just listened with tears rolling down his cheeks.” 可知，乔没有评判；他只是听着，眼泪顺着脸颊往下流，说明他听得非常聚精会神。 10．A.blocked out B．gave way to C．poured out D．put up with 解析：C　根据前文“the firefighter lamented(为……感到悲伤) the scene”可知，消防员为当时的情景感到悲伤，推断出他在和乔诉说着他的痛苦。 11．A.friend B．stranger C．relative D．neighbor 解析：B　根据前文“he came across a(n) 2 firefighter who was having a rest”可知，他偶遇了一位正在休息的消防员，说明他们是陌生人的关系。 12．A.chaos B．choices C．preparations D．explorations 解析：A　根据前文“Though Joe could see bits of brick in the man's hair and 4 that his hands were bloody”可知，消防员的身上充满了尘土并且他手还在流血，说明当时的救援现场非常混乱。 13．A.lessons B．wealth C．reputation D．skills 解析：D　根据前文“but found that his skills weren't needed”可知，乔想去做志愿者，但是他的技能帮不上忙，说明他的技能没能帮助救援工作，skills意为“技能”，此处为原词复现。 14．A.borrowed B．called C．offered D．passed 解析：C　根据前文“Joe didn't judge; he just listened with tears rolling down his cheeks.”可知，乔没有做判断，只是边流泪边在倾听着消防员的故事，说明他给消防员提供了关注、耐心和同情。 15．A.ambitious B．vital C．interesting D．brave 解析：B　根据后文“he assisted the firefighter in the work of setting the world right”可知，乔通过聆听帮助这位消防员重回正轨，这是一件很小却意义重大的事情。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$