主题12.地理知识与自然遗产-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期主题强化必备(阅读理解+完形填空)(通用版)

2024-2025学年九年级英语主题强化必备(阅读理解+完形填空)(通用版) 2024-2025学年九年级英语主题强化必备(阅读理解+完形填空)(通用版) 主题12.地理知识与自然遗产 一、阅读理解 1 （2024·江西上饶·二模）Have you ever been to Iceland? How about Norway or Finland? Maybe you’ve traveled to northern Russia or Canada. These are some of the best places to see one of our planet’s most beautiful natural phenomena (现象). What are we talking about? The Northern Lights, of course! The Northern Lights appear as beautiful colors in the night sky. The most common color of the Northern Lights is green. However, they can also be red, pink, yellow, or purple. What causes the Northern Lights? Like all the natural light on the earth, they come from the sun. Sometimes, the sun has big storms and gives off electrically charged particles (带电粒子). When the electrically charged particles reach the earth, some of them pass through to the air around our planet. They then collide (碰撞) with the gases (气体) around the earth, which causes beautiful lights with colors. The colors of the Northern Lights have to do with the height. For example, when electrically charged particles collide with gases less than 150 miles from the earth’s surface, they produce green light. When the collision happens higher than 150 miles, they make red light. Over time, many people have tried to explain the Northern Lights. Some cultures have ancient stories about them. Today, however, we know the science behind the Northern Lights, and people travel thousands of miles each year hoping to see them. Many say it s a magical experience! 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A．Who discovered the Northern Lights. B．How the Northern Lights are created. C．Why the Northern Lights are colorful. D．Where the Northern Lights can be seen. 2．To know how the Northern Lights are created, you can read ________. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 3．From Paragraph 4, we know that the colors of the Northern Lights have to do with ________. A．the air B．the time C．the height D．the temperature 4．What might the writer continue to write about next? A．Some of the best places to see the Northern Lights. B．Some scientific knowledge about the Northern Lights. C．Some of the possible risks of watching the Northern Lights. D．Some personal experiences of watching the Northern Lights. 5．Who is the passage most probably written for? A．Music fans. B．TV reporters. C．News readers. D．Science lovers. 2 （2024·河南洛阳·三模）Tropical rainforests (热带雨林) live up to their name. They are forests where it rains a lot. In fact, a tropical rainforest receives between 150 and 400 centimeters of rain each year. They are also warm. Their temperature is between 25℃ and 35℃. Forests are green all year round. Their hot, wet and rainy weather is perfect for tall trees and other plants. The really thick parts of forests are what we call jungle. The Amazon rainforest lies in South America. It is the largest tropical rainforest in the world. It has more kinds of plants and animals than any other place on the earth. Every year, scientists discover new kinds of animals and plants here. So how big is the Amazon River? The Amazon River can be more than 48 kilometers at its widest point during the rainy season. It runs almost 6,437 kilometers to the Atlantic Ocean. Within its mouth (河口) is an island the size of Switzerland. The river’s arapaima fish can grow to be 3 meters long, and weigh 180 kilograms. Its volume (水量) is greater than the next eight largest rivers added together. If you take a tour of the Amazon rainforest, you may travel from the tallest trees to rainforest floor and also meet different kinds of animals. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．What’s the structure of this text? A．①/②③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②③/④ D．①②/③④ 7．What does the underlined word “jungle” mean in the text? A．The main part which a plant has. B．The land which has little or no water. C．The farmlands where rice grows well. D．The area where lots of plants grow thickly. 8．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．The size of the Amazon River. B．The plants of the Amazon River. C．The animals of the Amazon River. D．The temperature of the Amazon River. 9．What can we know about the Amazon River according to the passage? A．It has the most animals. B．It lies in North America. C．It can be 48 kilometers long. D．It has an island bigger than Switzerland. 10．What’s the theme of this passage? A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Temperature. D．Technology. 3 （2024·湖南长沙·一模）If you have seen the movie Journey to the Center of the Earth (《地心历险记》), you may wonder about the underground forest world. But such worlds can really be found in real life, too! In early May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists and explorers found a large sinkhole (天坑) in Leye county, Guangxi. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep. “It didn’t take us long to reach ground to walk on at first. We soon realized that we were nowhere close to the bottom of the 192-meter-deep sinkhole.” Li Xinchen said. They also found trees up to 40 meters high and plants that came up to their shoulders, which makes it hard for scientists to walk in the forest. For them, the underground forest is almost like a spider web (网). According to Xinhua News Agency, the local people in Leye county are no strangers to sinkholes. The county is called “the museum of sinkholes” where people have found 30 sinkholes so far. These sinkholes are formed because of the special karst landscape (喀斯特地貌). Karst is an area of land made up of limestone (石灰岩), which is a soft rock that can be easily mixed with water. When rain water flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks are slowly enlarged. Over time, as the underground structure of the land becomes too weak to support the surface (表面) of the earth and then it falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the great size of China’s sinkholes. “In China, they have this unbelievable karst with large sinkholes. In other parts of the world sinkholes might be far more undersized, only a meter or two in diameter (直径),” US researcher George Veni told Live Science. Sinkholes don’t just look cool, they are gifts of life. Many of them are home to ancient plants, animal and microbe (微生物) lives. They also provide water for 700 million people worldwide. 11．The second paragraph is mainly about the _______ of the sinkhole in Leye County. A．history B．general introduction C．influence 12．Why is Leye county called the “museum of sinkholes”? A．For the small size of the sinkholes. B．For the special karst landscape. C．For the number of sinkholes. 13．How is the sinkhole formed? ①The surface of the earth falls slowly. ②The cracks slowly grow into big holes. ③Rainwater runs through cracks in the bedrock. A．①→②→③ B．③→②→① C．③→①→② 14．What can we infer (推断) from this text? A．The sinkholes are pretty strange to the locals in Leye County. B．People can hardly find ancient plants or animals in many sinkholes. C．Sinkholes in China are much bigger in size than those in other countries. 4 （2024·海南省直辖县级单位·一模） Have you ever heard of National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest? It is a magic land of mountains, forests and rivers. If you travel there, what can you enjoy? The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom and bear fruits almost every year. Miao and Li people have lived in the park for thousands of years. Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays. 15．How many Hainan gibbons were there in the 1980s? A．No more than 10. B．More than 30. C．Over 130. 16．What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text? A．It can grow very quickly. B．It never grows fruits. C．It can live up to 200 years. 17．What does the underlined word “blossom” mean in Chinese? A．发芽 B．开花 C．结果 18．What is tree bark used to do by Li people? A．To avoid animals. B．To produce boats. C．To make clothes. 19．In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text? A．Art. B．Nature. C．Health. 5 （2024·山东淄博·一模）Does the Dead Sea (死海) sound like a place to go swimming? What do you expect to see in it? Do you believe there are dead things in the Dead Sea? Lying in southwest Asia, the Dead Sea stretches (绵延) for about 80 kilometers. At its deepest point, it is about 400 meters deep. And if you happen to be in the area, you might hear people call it by another name, such as the Salt Sea, the East Sea, or the Sea of the Plain. Even though it’s called the Dead Sea, it isn’t a sea at all! It’s a lake. Different from other lakes you have seen, the Dead Sea is a very salty lake. In fact, the Dead Sea is one of the saltiest water in the world. Nothing can live in it. That’s why it’s called the Dead Sea. And the Dead Sea stays very salty because it gets only a little rain, and very little fresh water gets into the Dead Sea each year. ▲ The Dead Sea is an amazing place to visit, and many people go to the Dead Sea each year on holiday. Because of its high salinity (盐度), the Dead Sea’s waters are denser (密度大的) than ocean water or the water in a swimming pool. That means that anyone can float (漂浮) in the Dead Sea. So if you walk on the beach of the Dead Sea on a warm day, perhaps you can see many people floating in its waters. You might even see many of them reading books or magazines! 20．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 21．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．The Dead Sea is a salty lake. B．The Dead Sea has a strange name. C．Almost no rain enters the Dead Sea. D．Nothing can live in the Dead Sea! 22．What is the best sentence for “ ▲ ” in the last paragraph? A．Don’t be afraid of the name of the Dead Sea. B．The water of the Dead Sea is a deep blue color, anyway. C．The Dead Sea is getting smaller because of water pollution. D．Always keep your eyes open while you are in the Dead Sea. 23．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To ask for opinion on swimming in the Dead Sea. B．To share travelling experiences around the Dead Sea. C．To encourage more people to take a holiday around the Dead Sea. D．To introduce one of the most amazing natural wonders of the world. 6 （2024·湖南衡阳·一模） REACH HIGHER It’s hard to imagine a place that’s more dangerous than Death Valley. Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America. It also has the lowest place in the Western Hemisphere (西半球)! Although the natural condition in Death Valley is terrible, here is full of life. Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live in. It gets little rain a year, so there isn’t much water. In July, temperatures often climb to over 46℃. The ground is mostly sand and rocks. There is even a dried-up lake that has turned into salt crystals (晶体). None of these stops plants and animals from making Death Valley their home. People have found more than 1,000 kinds of plants there. It also has 51 kinds of mammals (哺乳动物), 36 kinds of reptiles (爬行动物), 6 kinds of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either. There are big ones like mountain lions. Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives in Death Valley. Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the surface to find water. Some animals get the water they need from the seeds of desert sunflowers. Small fish can live in the water that is five times as salty as the ocean! All these make people have to be surprised about the magic of life. 24．What can we learn about Death Valley from the passage? A．Death Valley is very hot and dry. B．Death Valley has beautiful scene. C．Death Valley is dangerous for animals. D．Death Valley has the lowest place in the world. 25．How many kinds of animals are there in Death Valley? A．Over 93. B．Over 300. C．Over 393. D．Over 1393. 26．________ is the biggest challenge for animals living in Death Valley. A．The short of water B．The hot weather C．The hard rocks D．The salty water 27．Where can the animals in Death Valley get water according to the passage? A．From the underground. B．From the river. C．From the ocean. D．From some plants. 28．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us the importance of water. B．To teach us how to live in Death Valley. C．To introduce something about Death Valley. D．To tell us how to find animals in Death Valley. 7 （2024·江苏扬州·二模）Antarctica (南极洲) is a great, icy land, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a large area of sea ice, which floats (漂浮) on the ocean’s surface. Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost not influenced by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the planet. In fact, until recent years, Antartica’s sea ice area mainly set records for growing. That began to change around 2016. Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been getting smaller. This year, the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reported that Antartica’s sea ice reached its maximum (最大值) on September 10—almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice was at a new record low—not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 1.03 million square kilometers less sea ice than in 1986. It’s hard to picture such a large area, but it’s around 1.6 times the size of France. Scientists are still trying to understand what is driving the change in Antarctica. Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says, “Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the situation this year is pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the area.” The new low record has worried scientists. The sea ice is important because it helps cool the planet. When it’s frozen, sea ice reflects sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. 29．What did NSIDC find about the sea ice in Antarctica this year? A．It protected the wildlife in the ocean. B．It grew and covered a wider area. C．It turned out to be difficult to observe. D．It reached a new record low level. 30．Why does the writer mention France in paragraph 4? A．To present how small the country is. B．To introduce a new topic for discussion. C．To show Antarctica’s sea ice is getting smaller. D．To explain the position of the wonderful land. 31．What causes the change in Antarctica according to Ted Scambos? A．Low rainfall. B．Short summer months. C．Cold weather. D．Rising temperatures. 32．What can we know about Antarctica’s sea ice? A．It’s key to the earth’s cooling system. B．It’s just a short-term problem. C．It reminds us to find water resources. D．It offers humans a bright future. 8 （2022·黑龙江大庆·一模）There are many wetlands (湿地) in China and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve (麋鹿自然保护区) is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes (丹顶鹤) in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife. Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood (洪水). But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife. Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. 33．The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are in the ________ of China. A．east B．south C．west D．north 34．Usually the weather in the wetlands is ________. A．hot B．pleasant C．cold D．dry 35．We must protect wetlands because ________. A．they are home for wildlife B．they can prevent flood C．they can offer food to the animals and birds D．all of the above 36．The best title for the passage is ________. A．China’s Wetlands Have All Entered the World’s List B．Wetlands—Home for Wildlife and Human Beings C．Special Animals in the Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands D．Wetlands—Valuable Recourses of Land on the Earth 9 （2022·安徽合肥·三模）World Wetlands Day came from the Convention on Wetlands（湿地公约）, signed in Iran. China joined the convention on July 31, 1992. China has wetlands with 65.9 million hectares（公顷）, 10% of the world’s wetland areas, which comes fourth in the world. China also has some of Asia’s most important wetlands, such as Poyang Lake and Asia’s longest river, Yangtze River. However, a WWF research showed the situation of China’s wetlands was getting serious because of pollution, climate（气候） change and over-farming. So our government has been taking actions to return farmland to wetland. It was reported the 57 key Chinese wetlands increased by 2,479 hectares from 2018 to 2019. Li Yan, an official from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, said at a news meeting, “The area of wetlands in China has become larger over the past five years. Between 2016 and 2020, China created 201 national wetland parks. China had 899 national wetland parks by the end of 2020, and nearly half of the country’s wetlands are protected by some levels of government.” China is working hard for a continuous development and will make efforts to perfect the laws on wetland protection. 37．How does the writer introduce the situation of wetlands in China in Paragraph 1? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By listing some numbers. D．By comparing two facts. 38．What can we know from Li Yan’s words in Paragraph 3? A．How large China’s wetlands are. B．How important China’s wetlands are. C．China has reached achievements on wetland protection. D．What danger China’s wetlands are facing in the present. 39．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Nature. B．History. C．Society. D．Culture. 40．What’s the best title for the passage？ A．Famous Wetlands in China B．China’s Wetlands in Danger C．The Laws on Wetland Protection D．China’s Progress in Wetland Protection 10 （2024·山东临沂·三模）The Sahara Desert in Northern Africa is the largest hot desert in the world. It is about 1,800 km from the north to the south and about 4,800 km from the east to the west. Temperatures can reach 58℃ in the daytime and can fall to -6℃ at night. More than 8,000 years ago, the Sahara was a rich land where farmers grew food and plants grew well. As the rainfall in the area gradually went down every year, it became a huge desert. Most areas of this desert have less than 13 cm of rain every year. Gary Smith and a few of his brave friends decided to hike across the Sahara. Supporters in cars, who carried food and water for the group, stayed with them together. One day, Smith walked alone and then he couldn’t find the rest of the group. Even worse, he could not find out which direction to go. Then a sandstorm covered the area. When the storm was over, Smith was even more worried. In the heat that he couldn’t stand, he quickly finished his water. He had to spend that night out in the open, and he almost felt he couldn’t survive (生存). The next day, he walked on. After the second night, he started to worry about dying. He realized that his friends might not find him in time. It was late on the third day that Smith lost his sense and fell over. When Smith awoke, he was in the car with his friends. He had been found by a group of Bedouin who were traveling in a truck. In such a large desert with the weather conditions, this made it possible for him to survive, Then Bedouin returned to his group of friends. Smith was so lucky. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 41．How did the Sahara turn into a desert according to the text? A．People cut down more and more plants. B．There was less and less rain. C．The temperature was higher and higher. 42．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. Gary Smith got lost in the desert. b. Gary Smith fell over on the desert. c. There was a sandstorm in the area. d. Gary Smith was saved by some travelers. A．a-c-b-d B．a-d-c-b C．a-d-b-c 43．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph5 refer to? A．Traveling in a truck. B．Being in this kind of weather. C．Being found by Bedouin. 44．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A．To show that the Sahara is in great danger. B．To show surviving in the Sahara can be challenging. C．To give some basic information about the Sahara. 11 （2024·宁夏银川·一模）People often think of the North Pole (北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine. The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water (水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 45．According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago? A．Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole. B．Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32°F. C．The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse. D．The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures. 46．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese? A．气候恶劣的 B．充满危险的 C．困难重重的 D．无人居住的 47．The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is ______. A．that the temperature suddenly drops B．that the water under the ice is frozen C．that the ocean water under the ice moves D．that the surface is covered with lots of ice 48．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The thick ice in the North Pole. B．A difficult trip to the North Pole. C．The real situation in the North Pole. D．The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole. 12 （2024·江西吉安·一模）Lake Victoria (维多利亚湖) is the largest lake in Africa. It is the second largest lake in the world, too. It is an important lake because it is one of the sources (源头) for the longest river in the world, the Nile River. Lake Victoria provides a source of water, food, and power for several African countries. Lake Victoria is a big part of African life. Unfortunately, Lake Victoria has a problem. It is getting smaller. There are several power stations (发电厂) at Lake Victoria in Uganda. These are on the Nile River, and besides producing power, they keep the water of the lake at a certain level. For the past forty years, that level has been 11.9 meters. Over the last several years, the water level has dropped by about 2.5 meters. There seems to be several reasons for this drop. One possible reason is drought (干旱). Drought has been very bad in the area since 2000. Lake Victoria gets all of its water from rain, so the drought means less water in the lake. However, some environmentalists believe that the real problem is the power factories on Lake Victoria. Uganda depends on those power plants (发电厂) for most of its power, and they made the power plants larger in 2000. Many people believe the power plants have been taking too much water off Lake Victoria. As a result, they have been asked to use less water until Lake Victoria goes back to its old level. Whether the low water level is caused by drought or power plants, the result is the same. This is already a poor area of Africa, where many people live a really hard life. People, animals and plants around Lake Victoria will suffer even more from the low water level on the lake. Many people need Lake Victoria for fishing or growing food. Fish need the water to live, and animals need it for water. Plants around the lake will die without the water, and then more animals and people will suffer. Unless the lake fills soon, many people will suffer and die. 49．What can we know about Lake Victoria? A．It is an important lake in Africa. B．It is the largest lake in the world. C．It is the only source for the Nile River. D．It is the source of water, food and power for America. 50．What does the underlined word “These” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．African countries. B．The power stations. C．Several reasons. D．Many plants. 51．Which is the way to solve the problems around Lake Victoria according to the passage? A．More sources of water must be found. B．People must build more power factories. C．Every country should offer some money to Africa. D．All the people living in the area should move to another place. 52．What does the passage tell us? A．Rain water is one of the sources for the lake. B．There has been much rain in the lake area since 2000. C．The power factories in Uganda were made smaller in 2000. D．The power factories in Uganda don’t provide water for the lake. 53．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 二、完形填空 1 （2024·湖南邵阳·二模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You may not know how 54 our motherland is. With a history of more than 5,000 years, China has always been a great and magical land to foreigners. In 2008, a documentary ( 纪 录 片 ) 55 Wild China, co-produced by BBC and CCTV, was screened in the UK on BBC before the Beijing Olympics. There were six parts in the documentary-“ Heart of the Dragon”, “Shangri-La”, “Tibet”, “Beyond the Great Wall”, “Land of the Panda” and “Tides of Change ( 潮 汐 更 迭 ) ” . This 300-minute-long documentary 56 the people with China’s fantastic wild life. Wild China may be the best documentary on the natural history of China. This is a great 57 for you to know about the nature of this great country and meet some interesting and special creatures (物种) 58 here. You can see the beautiful Himalayas and Gobi Desert (戈壁沙漠). You can also enjoy the scenery (风景) of thousands of mountains in China, among which the most 59 is the Five Great Mountains. What’s more, you can take a 60   at the hills of Southern China filled with rice fields. Also, you can discover the history of the Silk Road and how silk was 61 between China and other countries. It is interesting to see what China looks like from the eyes of   62 . If you are too busy to travel around China, you are 63 because Wild China can take you on a trip of China and see the wonderful and different scenery. 54．A．great B．terrible C．strange 55．A．written B．called C．spoken 56．A．worried B．disappointed C．surprised 57．A．decision B．chance C．change 58．A．living B．dying C．lying 59．A．boring B．awful C．famous 60．A．walk B．break C．look 61．A．traded B．produced C．collected 62．A．foreigners B．passengers C．climbers 63．A．uneasy B．special C．lucky 2 （2024·江西萍乡·一模）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I can still remember those few special snowy days during my growing up. First I would wait for the notice to come over the radio, and then I would 64 . Having a snowy day meant that I could watch TV instead of leaving home to stand in the 65 outside and wait for the bus. Later in the day I would go outside and 66 in the thick, wet, heavy snow. I would make snowmen, race my sled (雪橇) down the hill, and have a snowball fight 67 my brothers. Sometimes I would just look around and 68 the beauty of winter wonderland (仙境). When I got too cold and wet I would go inside, sit in my 69 chair by the stove (火炉) and read my favorite books with my dog lying by my 70 . In the afternoon, after playing with my dog, I would go into the 71 and see what Mom and Nana were cooking for dinner. Once Mom even let me help take the chicken out of the oven. It 72 so good. I can remember it to this day. After dinner I would stay next to Mom on the sofa, under a blanket (毛毯), 73 popcorn, and watch TV until bedtime. Then I would pull my blanket up to my neck 74 my dog lied on the bed by my feet. I would think back to the day with happiness before falling into a deep, peaceful sleep. I think all of us should take a few 75 days in our lives, if not in our activities then at least in our hearts. We should make time for the 76 things. We should stop and see the beauty all around us. We should play, read, eat, laugh, and sing. We should thank our family and ourselves for this 77 life and all the joys in it. We should make our time for loving instead of just making a 78 . May all your days feel like a snowy day! 64．A．cry B．sleep C．smile D．call 65．A．hot B．cold C．cool D．warm 66．A．study B．work C．exercise D．play 67．A．for B．with C．over D．to 68．A．enjoy B．share C．describe D．introduce 69．A．heavy B．expensive C．comfortable D．hard 70．A．eyes B．ears C．hands D．feet 71．A．kitchen B．bedroom C．restroom D．bathroom 72．A．felt B．smelled C．sounded D．heard 73．A．buy B．make C．eat D．take 74．A．while B．until C．so D．although 75．A．cloudy B．rainy C．sunny D．snowy 76．A．difficult B．serious C．important D．terrible 77．A．happy B．busy C．noisy D．scary 78．A．mistake B．living C．difference D．decision 3 （2020·辽宁鞍山·二模）Rivers provide food, water and transportation for people. As a result, most of the world's greatest cities have grown up along rivers. Here are some fun facts 79 rivers! Rivers are powerful. They can make electricity. In fact, hydroelectric plants(水力发电厂) 80 about 16 percent of the world's electricity. The Amazon River has more tributaries (支流) than any other river on the planet! Over 1，000 streams (溪流) and small rivers run into it as it 81 through Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil(巴西). How 82 is the Nile to Egypt(埃及) ？ Most of Egypt's population lives within a few miles of the river, 83 the river is not important to just Egypt. It is a water source (水源) for many other East African countries including Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚) and Kenya (肯尼亚). 84 in London in the summer of 1858 was not enjoyable. The Thames (泰晤士河) ， which runs through the city, was so dirty and polluted that it 85 a terrible smell known as the "Great Stink", The government had to do something to deal with it. Since then it has been an ongoing (持续的) effort to keep the river 86 The Yellow River in China gets its 87 from the mud (泥) it carries. It is the world's muddiest river. The Chinese have a saying about the river. If you fall into the Yellow River, you'll 88 get clean again! 79．A．to B．in C．for D．about 80．A．use B．choose C．produce D．waste 81．A．sees B．walks C．looks D．passes 82．A．interesting B．typical C．important D．dangerous 83．A．so B．but C．unless D．because 84．A．Work B．Life C．Weather D．Education 85．A．gave out B．gave up C．took out D．took up 86．A．clean B．dirty C．long D．short 87．A．shape B．name C．size D．smell 88．A．ever B．never C．just D．soon 4 （2022·山东聊城·一模）I visited the Grand Canyon last month. When I arrived, it was early 89 and it was raining. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a path. In the east, the sky was becoming light, but beyond the path, it was still very dark. I knew it was there, but there was 90 to see. After about a kilometre, a stranger 91 in front of me. “Am I going the right way?” I asked. He knew where I was going. “Yes,” he 92 , “you’ll get there in five minutes.” Finally, I came to some rocks, and stopped. I looked 93 over them, but it was still too dark to see anything. Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. The sun 94 behind me and beyond the rocks. I saw that the ground 95 away and down to a river, far below me. I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon, one of the wonders of the natural world. I looked down the Colorado River about 2 kilometres below me. If you put the three 96 buildings in the world at the bottom of the canyon, they still wouldn’t reach the top. Then I looked across to the other side of the canyon. 97 is it? It’s 20 kilometres, maybe more. Finally, I looked to my left and to my right, and on both sides the canyon disappeared into the distance... over 400 kilometres long. The Grand Canyon is not just big. It’s huge! That morning on the edge of the canyon, I asked myself a question. It’s not “How deep is it?” or “How wide is it?” or “How long is it?” but “Is the Grand Canyon the greatest 98 anywhere in the natural world?” I know the answer. But what do you think? 89．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening 90．A．anything B．everything C．nothing 91．A．appeared B．slept C．missed 92．A．asked B．replied C．wrote 93．A．carefully B．clearly C．loudly 94．A．set B．rose C．stood 95．A．failed B．felt C．fell 96．A．tallest B．longest C．widest 97．A．How tall B．How much C．How far 98．A．wonder B．rock C．building 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年九年级英语主题强化必备(阅读理解+完形填空)(通用版) 2024-2025学年九年级英语主题强化必备(阅读理解+完形填空)(通用版) 主题12.地理知识与自然遗产 一、阅读理解 1 （2024·江西上饶·二模）Have you ever been to Iceland? How about Norway or Finland? Maybe you’ve traveled to northern Russia or Canada. These are some of the best places to see one of our planet’s most beautiful natural phenomena (现象). What are we talking about? The Northern Lights, of course! The Northern Lights appear as beautiful colors in the night sky. The most common color of the Northern Lights is green. However, they can also be red, pink, yellow, or purple. What causes the Northern Lights? Like all the natural light on the earth, they come from the sun. Sometimes, the sun has big storms and gives off electrically charged particles (带电粒子). When the electrically charged particles reach the earth, some of them pass through to the air around our planet. They then collide (碰撞) with the gases (气体) around the earth, which causes beautiful lights with colors. The colors of the Northern Lights have to do with the height. For example, when electrically charged particles collide with gases less than 150 miles from the earth’s surface, they produce green light. When the collision happens higher than 150 miles, they make red light. Over time, many people have tried to explain the Northern Lights. Some cultures have ancient stories about them. Today, however, we know the science behind the Northern Lights, and people travel thousands of miles each year hoping to see them. Many say it s a magical experience! 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A．Who discovered the Northern Lights. B．How the Northern Lights are created. C．Why the Northern Lights are colorful. D．Where the Northern Lights can be seen. 2．To know how the Northern Lights are created, you can read ________. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 3．From Paragraph 4, we know that the colors of the Northern Lights have to do with ________. A．the air B．the time C．the height D．the temperature 4．What might the writer continue to write about next? A．Some of the best places to see the Northern Lights. B．Some scientific knowledge about the Northern Lights. C．Some of the possible risks of watching the Northern Lights. D．Some personal experiences of watching the Northern Lights. 5．Who is the passage most probably written for? A．Music fans. B．TV reporters. C．News readers. D．Science lovers. 2 （2024·河南洛阳·三模）Tropical rainforests (热带雨林) live up to their name. They are forests where it rains a lot. In fact, a tropical rainforest receives between 150 and 400 centimeters of rain each year. They are also warm. Their temperature is between 25℃ and 35℃. Forests are green all year round. Their hot, wet and rainy weather is perfect for tall trees and other plants. The really thick parts of forests are what we call jungle. The Amazon rainforest lies in South America. It is the largest tropical rainforest in the world. It has more kinds of plants and animals than any other place on the earth. Every year, scientists discover new kinds of animals and plants here. So how big is the Amazon River? The Amazon River can be more than 48 kilometers at its widest point during the rainy season. It runs almost 6,437 kilometers to the Atlantic Ocean. Within its mouth (河口) is an island the size of Switzerland. The river’s arapaima fish can grow to be 3 meters long, and weigh 180 kilograms. Its volume (水量) is greater than the next eight largest rivers added together. If you take a tour of the Amazon rainforest, you may travel from the tallest trees to rainforest floor and also meet different kinds of animals. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．What’s the structure of this text? A．①/②③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②③/④ D．①②/③④ 7．What does the underlined word “jungle” mean in the text? A．The main part which a plant has. B．The land which has little or no water. C．The farmlands where rice grows well. D．The area where lots of plants grow thickly. 8．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．The size of the Amazon River. B．The plants of the Amazon River. C．The animals of the Amazon River. D．The temperature of the Amazon River. 9．What can we know about the Amazon River according to the passage? A．It has the most animals. B．It lies in North America. C．It can be 48 kilometers long. D．It has an island bigger than Switzerland. 10．What’s the theme of this passage? A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Temperature. D．Technology. 3 （2024·湖南长沙·一模）If you have seen the movie Journey to the Center of the Earth (《地心历险记》), you may wonder about the underground forest world. But such worlds can really be found in real life, too! In early May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists and explorers found a large sinkhole (天坑) in Leye county, Guangxi. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep. “It didn’t take us long to reach ground to walk on at first. We soon realized that we were nowhere close to the bottom of the 192-meter-deep sinkhole.” Li Xinchen said. They also found trees up to 40 meters high and plants that came up to their shoulders, which makes it hard for scientists to walk in the forest. For them, the underground forest is almost like a spider web (网). According to Xinhua News Agency, the local people in Leye county are no strangers to sinkholes. The county is called “the museum of sinkholes” where people have found 30 sinkholes so far. These sinkholes are formed because of the special karst landscape (喀斯特地貌). Karst is an area of land made up of limestone (石灰岩), which is a soft rock that can be easily mixed with water. When rain water flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks are slowly enlarged. Over time, as the underground structure of the land becomes too weak to support the surface (表面) of the earth and then it falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the great size of China’s sinkholes. “In China, they have this unbelievable karst with large sinkholes. In other parts of the world sinkholes might be far more undersized, only a meter or two in diameter (直径),” US researcher George Veni told Live Science. Sinkholes don’t just look cool, they are gifts of life. Many of them are home to ancient plants, animal and microbe (微生物) lives. They also provide water for 700 million people worldwide. 11．The second paragraph is mainly about the _______ of the sinkhole in Leye County. A．history B．general introduction C．influence 12．Why is Leye county called the “museum of sinkholes”? A．For the small size of the sinkholes. B．For the special karst landscape. C．For the number of sinkholes. 13．How is the sinkhole formed? ①The surface of the earth falls slowly. ②The cracks slowly grow into big holes. ③Rainwater runs through cracks in the bedrock. A．①→②→③ B．③→②→① C．③→①→② 14．What can we infer (推断) from this text? A．The sinkholes are pretty strange to the locals in Leye County. B．People can hardly find ancient plants or animals in many sinkholes. C．Sinkholes in China are much bigger in size than those in other countries. 4 （2024·海南省直辖县级单位·一模） Have you ever heard of National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest? It is a magic land of mountains, forests and rivers. If you travel there, what can you enjoy? The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom and bear fruits almost every year. Miao and Li people have lived in the park for thousands of years. Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays. 15．How many Hainan gibbons were there in the 1980s? A．No more than 10. B．More than 30. C．Over 130. 16．What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text? A．It can grow very quickly. B．It never grows fruits. C．It can live up to 200 years. 17．What does the underlined word “blossom” mean in Chinese? A．发芽 B．开花 C．结果 18．What is tree bark used to do by Li people? A．To avoid animals. B．To produce boats. C．To make clothes. 19．In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text? A．Art. B．Nature. C．Health. 5 （2024·山东淄博·一模）Does the Dead Sea (死海) sound like a place to go swimming? What do you expect to see in it? Do you believe there are dead things in the Dead Sea? Lying in southwest Asia, the Dead Sea stretches (绵延) for about 80 kilometers. At its deepest point, it is about 400 meters deep. And if you happen to be in the area, you might hear people call it by another name, such as the Salt Sea, the East Sea, or the Sea of the Plain. Even though it’s called the Dead Sea, it isn’t a sea at all! It’s a lake. Different from other lakes you have seen, the Dead Sea is a very salty lake. In fact, the Dead Sea is one of the saltiest water in the world. Nothing can live in it. That’s why it’s called the Dead Sea. And the Dead Sea stays very salty because it gets only a little rain, and very little fresh water gets into the Dead Sea each year. ▲ The Dead Sea is an amazing place to visit, and many people go to the Dead Sea each year on holiday. Because of its high salinity (盐度), the Dead Sea’s waters are denser (密度大的) than ocean water or the water in a swimming pool. That means that anyone can float (漂浮) in the Dead Sea. So if you walk on the beach of the Dead Sea on a warm day, perhaps you can see many people floating in its waters. You might even see many of them reading books or magazines! 20．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 21．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．The Dead Sea is a salty lake. B．The Dead Sea has a strange name. C．Almost no rain enters the Dead Sea. D．Nothing can live in the Dead Sea! 22．What is the best sentence for “ ▲ ” in the last paragraph? A．Don’t be afraid of the name of the Dead Sea. B．The water of the Dead Sea is a deep blue color, anyway. C．The Dead Sea is getting smaller because of water pollution. D．Always keep your eyes open while you are in the Dead Sea. 23．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To ask for opinion on swimming in the Dead Sea. B．To share travelling experiences around the Dead Sea. C．To encourage more people to take a holiday around the Dead Sea. D．To introduce one of the most amazing natural wonders of the world. 6 （2024·湖南衡阳·一模） REACH HIGHER It’s hard to imagine a place that’s more dangerous than Death Valley. Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America. It also has the lowest place in the Western Hemisphere (西半球)! Although the natural condition in Death Valley is terrible, here is full of life. Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live in. It gets little rain a year, so there isn’t much water. In July, temperatures often climb to over 46℃. The ground is mostly sand and rocks. There is even a dried-up lake that has turned into salt crystals (晶体). None of these stops plants and animals from making Death Valley their home. People have found more than 1,000 kinds of plants there. It also has 51 kinds of mammals (哺乳动物), 36 kinds of reptiles (爬行动物), 6 kinds of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either. There are big ones like mountain lions. Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives in Death Valley. Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the surface to find water. Some animals get the water they need from the seeds of desert sunflowers. Small fish can live in the water that is five times as salty as the ocean! All these make people have to be surprised about the magic of life. 24．What can we learn about Death Valley from the passage? A．Death Valley is very hot and dry. B．Death Valley has beautiful scene. C．Death Valley is dangerous for animals. D．Death Valley has the lowest place in the world. 25．How many kinds of animals are there in Death Valley? A．Over 93. B．Over 300. C．Over 393. D．Over 1393. 26．________ is the biggest challenge for animals living in Death Valley. A．The short of water B．The hot weather C．The hard rocks D．The salty water 27．Where can the animals in Death Valley get water according to the passage? A．From the underground. B．From the river. C．From the ocean. D．From some plants. 28．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us the importance of water. B．To teach us how to live in Death Valley. C．To introduce something about Death Valley. D．To tell us how to find animals in Death Valley. 7 （2024·江苏扬州·二模）Antarctica (南极洲) is a great, icy land, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a large area of sea ice, which floats (漂浮) on the ocean’s surface. Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost not influenced by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the planet. In fact, until recent years, Antartica’s sea ice area mainly set records for growing. That began to change around 2016. Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been getting smaller. This year, the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reported that Antartica’s sea ice reached its maximum (最大值) on September 10—almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice was at a new record low—not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 1.03 million square kilometers less sea ice than in 1986. It’s hard to picture such a large area, but it’s around 1.6 times the size of France. Scientists are still trying to understand what is driving the change in Antarctica. Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says, “Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the situation this year is pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the area.” The new low record has worried scientists. The sea ice is important because it helps cool the planet. When it’s frozen, sea ice reflects sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. 29．What did NSIDC find about the sea ice in Antarctica this year? A．It protected the wildlife in the ocean. B．It grew and covered a wider area. C．It turned out to be difficult to observe. D．It reached a new record low level. 30．Why does the writer mention France in paragraph 4? A．To present how small the country is. B．To introduce a new topic for discussion. C．To show Antarctica’s sea ice is getting smaller. D．To explain the position of the wonderful land. 31．What causes the change in Antarctica according to Ted Scambos? A．Low rainfall. B．Short summer months. C．Cold weather. D．Rising temperatures. 32．What can we know about Antarctica’s sea ice? A．It’s key to the earth’s cooling system. B．It’s just a short-term problem. C．It reminds us to find water resources. D．It offers humans a bright future. 8 （2022·黑龙江大庆·一模）There are many wetlands (湿地) in China and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve (麋鹿自然保护区) is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes (丹顶鹤) in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife. Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood (洪水). But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife. Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. 33．The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are in the ________ of China. A．east B．south C．west D．north 34．Usually the weather in the wetlands is ________. A．hot B．pleasant C．cold D．dry 35．We must protect wetlands because ________. A．they are home for wildlife B．they can prevent flood C．they can offer food to the animals and birds D．all of the above 36．The best title for the passage is ________. A．China’s Wetlands Have All Entered the World’s List B．Wetlands—Home for Wildlife and Human Beings C．Special Animals in the Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands D．Wetlands—Valuable Recourses of Land on the Earth 9 （2022·安徽合肥·三模）World Wetlands Day came from the Convention on Wetlands（湿地公约）, signed in Iran. China joined the convention on July 31, 1992. China has wetlands with 65.9 million hectares（公顷）, 10% of the world’s wetland areas, which comes fourth in the world. China also has some of Asia’s most important wetlands, such as Poyang Lake and Asia’s longest river, Yangtze River. However, a WWF research showed the situation of China’s wetlands was getting serious because of pollution, climate（气候） change and over-farming. So our government has been taking actions to return farmland to wetland. It was reported the 57 key Chinese wetlands increased by 2,479 hectares from 2018 to 2019. Li Yan, an official from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, said at a news meeting, “The area of wetlands in China has become larger over the past five years. Between 2016 and 2020, China created 201 national wetland parks. China had 899 national wetland parks by the end of 2020, and nearly half of the country’s wetlands are protected by some levels of government.” China is working hard for a continuous development and will make efforts to perfect the laws on wetland protection. 37．How does the writer introduce the situation of wetlands in China in Paragraph 1? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By listing some numbers. D．By comparing two facts. 38．What can we know from Li Yan’s words in Paragraph 3? A．How large China’s wetlands are. B．How important China’s wetlands are. C．China has reached achievements on wetland protection. D．What danger China’s wetlands are facing in the present. 39．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Nature. B．History. C．Society. D．Culture. 40．What’s the best title for the passage？ A．Famous Wetlands in China B．China’s Wetlands in Danger C．The Laws on Wetland Protection D．China’s Progress in Wetland Protection 10 （2024·山东临沂·三模）The Sahara Desert in Northern Africa is the largest hot desert in the world. It is about 1,800 km from the north to the south and about 4,800 km from the east to the west. Temperatures can reach 58℃ in the daytime and can fall to -6℃ at night. More than 8,000 years ago, the Sahara was a rich land where farmers grew food and plants grew well. As the rainfall in the area gradually went down every year, it became a huge desert. Most areas of this desert have less than 13 cm of rain every year. Gary Smith and a few of his brave friends decided to hike across the Sahara. Supporters in cars, who carried food and water for the group, stayed with them together. One day, Smith walked alone and then he couldn’t find the rest of the group. Even worse, he could not find out which direction to go. Then a sandstorm covered the area. When the storm was over, Smith was even more worried. In the heat that he couldn’t stand, he quickly finished his water. He had to spend that night out in the open, and he almost felt he couldn’t survive (生存). The next day, he walked on. After the second night, he started to worry about dying. He realized that his friends might not find him in time. It was late on the third day that Smith lost his sense and fell over. When Smith awoke, he was in the car with his friends. He had been found by a group of Bedouin who were traveling in a truck. In such a large desert with the weather conditions, this made it possible for him to survive, Then Bedouin returned to his group of friends. Smith was so lucky. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 41．How did the Sahara turn into a desert according to the text? A．People cut down more and more plants. B．There was less and less rain. C．The temperature was higher and higher. 42．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. Gary Smith got lost in the desert. b. Gary Smith fell over on the desert. c. There was a sandstorm in the area. d. Gary Smith was saved by some travelers. A．a-c-b-d B．a-d-c-b C．a-d-b-c 43．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph5 refer to? A．Traveling in a truck. B．Being in this kind of weather. C．Being found by Bedouin. 44．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A．To show that the Sahara is in great danger. B．To show surviving in the Sahara can be challenging. C．To give some basic information about the Sahara. 11 （2024·宁夏银川·一模）People often think of the North Pole (北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine. The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water (水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 45．According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago? A．Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole. B．Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32°F. C．The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse. D．The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures. 46．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese? A．气候恶劣的 B．充满危险的 C．困难重重的 D．无人居住的 47．The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is ______. A．that the temperature suddenly drops B．that the water under the ice is frozen C．that the ocean water under the ice moves D．that the surface is covered with lots of ice 48．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The thick ice in the North Pole. B．A difficult trip to the North Pole. C．The real situation in the North Pole. D．The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole. 12 （2024·江西吉安·一模）Lake Victoria (维多利亚湖) is the largest lake in Africa. It is the second largest lake in the world, too. It is an important lake because it is one of the sources (源头) for the longest river in the world, the Nile River. Lake Victoria provides a source of water, food, and power for several African countries. Lake Victoria is a big part of African life. Unfortunately, Lake Victoria has a problem. It is getting smaller. There are several power stations (发电厂) at Lake Victoria in Uganda. These are on the Nile River, and besides producing power, they keep the water of the lake at a certain level. For the past forty years, that level has been 11.9 meters. Over the last several years, the water level has dropped by about 2.5 meters. There seems to be several reasons for this drop. One possible reason is drought (干旱). Drought has been very bad in the area since 2000. Lake Victoria gets all of its water from rain, so the drought means less water in the lake. However, some environmentalists believe that the real problem is the power factories on Lake Victoria. Uganda depends on those power plants (发电厂) for most of its power, and they made the power plants larger in 2000. Many people believe the power plants have been taking too much water off Lake Victoria. As a result, they have been asked to use less water until Lake Victoria goes back to its old level. Whether the low water level is caused by drought or power plants, the result is the same. This is already a poor area of Africa, where many people live a really hard life. People, animals and plants around Lake Victoria will suffer even more from the low water level on the lake. Many people need Lake Victoria for fishing or growing food. Fish need the water to live, and animals need it for water. Plants around the lake will die without the water, and then more animals and people will suffer. Unless the lake fills soon, many people will suffer and die. 49．What can we know about Lake Victoria? A．It is an important lake in Africa. B．It is the largest lake in the world. C．It is the only source for the Nile River. D．It is the source of water, food and power for America. 50．What does the underlined word “These” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．African countries. B．The power stations. C．Several reasons. D．Many plants. 51．Which is the way to solve the problems around Lake Victoria according to the passage? A．More sources of water must be found. B．People must build more power factories. C．Every country should offer some money to Africa. D．All the people living in the area should move to another place. 52．What does the passage tell us? A．Rain water is one of the sources for the lake. B．There has been much rain in the lake area since 2000. C．The power factories in Uganda were made smaller in 2000. D．The power factories in Uganda don’t provide water for the lake. 53．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 二、完形填空 1 （2024·湖南邵阳·二模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You may not know how 54 our motherland is. With a history of more than 5,000 years, China has always been a great and magical land to foreigners. In 2008, a documentary ( 纪 录 片 ) 55 Wild China, co-produced by BBC and CCTV, was screened in the UK on BBC before the Beijing Olympics. There were six parts in the documentary-“ Heart of the Dragon”, “Shangri-La”, “Tibet”, “Beyond the Great Wall”, “Land of the Panda” and “Tides of Change ( 潮 汐 更 迭 ) ” . This 300-minute-long documentary 56 the people with China’s fantastic wild life. Wild China may be the best documentary on the natural history of China. This is a great 57 for you to know about the nature of this great country and meet some interesting and special creatures (物种) 58 here. You can see the beautiful Himalayas and Gobi Desert (戈壁沙漠). You can also enjoy the scenery (风景) of thousands of mountains in China, among which the most 59 is the Five Great Mountains. What’s more, you can take a 60   at the hills of Southern China filled with rice fields. Also, you can discover the history of the Silk Road and how silk was 61 between China and other countries. It is interesting to see what China looks like from the eyes of   62 . If you are too busy to travel around China, you are 63 because Wild China can take you on a trip of China and see the wonderful and different scenery. 54．A．great B．terrible C．strange 55．A．written B．called C．spoken 56．A．worried B．disappointed C．surprised 57．A．decision B．chance C．change 58．A．living B．dying C．lying 59．A．boring B．awful C．famous 60．A．walk B．break C．look 61．A．traded B．produced C．collected 62．A．foreigners B．passengers C．climbers 63．A．uneasy B．special C．lucky 2 （2024·江西萍乡·一模）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I can still remember those few special snowy days during my growing up. First I would wait for the notice to come over the radio, and then I would 64 . Having a snowy day meant that I could watch TV instead of leaving home to stand in the 65 outside and wait for the bus. Later in the day I would go outside and 66 in the thick, wet, heavy snow. I would make snowmen, race my sled (雪橇) down the hill, and have a snowball fight 67 my brothers. Sometimes I would just look around and 68 the beauty of winter wonderland (仙境). When I got too cold and wet I would go inside, sit in my 69 chair by the stove (火炉) and read my favorite books with my dog lying by my 70 . In the afternoon, after playing with my dog, I would go into the 71 and see what Mom and Nana were cooking for dinner. Once Mom even let me help take the chicken out of the oven. It 72 so good. I can remember it to this day. After dinner I would stay next to Mom on the sofa, under a blanket (毛毯), 73 popcorn, and watch TV until bedtime. Then I would pull my blanket up to my neck 74 my dog lied on the bed by my feet. I would think back to the day with happiness before falling into a deep, peaceful sleep. I think all of us should take a few 75 days in our lives, if not in our activities then at least in our hearts. We should make time for the 76 things. We should stop and see the beauty all around us. We should play, read, eat, laugh, and sing. We should thank our family and ourselves for this 77 life and all the joys in it. We should make our time for loving instead of just making a 78 . May all your days feel like a snowy day! 64．A．cry B．sleep C．smile D．call 65．A．hot B．cold C．cool D．warm 66．A．study B．work C．exercise D．play 67．A．for B．with C．over D．to 68．A．enjoy B．share C．describe D．introduce 69．A．heavy B．expensive C．comfortable D．hard 70．A．eyes B．ears C．hands D．feet 71．A．kitchen B．bedroom C．restroom D．bathroom 72．A．felt B．smelled C．sounded D．heard 73．A．buy B．make C．eat D．take 74．A．while B．until C．so D．although 75．A．cloudy B．rainy C．sunny D．snowy 76．A．difficult B．serious C．important D．terrible 77．A．happy B．busy C．noisy D．scary 78．A．mistake B．living C．difference D．decision 3 （2020·辽宁鞍山·二模）Rivers provide food, water and transportation for people. As a result, most of the world's greatest cities have grown up along rivers. Here are some fun facts 79 rivers! Rivers are powerful. They can make electricity. In fact, hydroelectric plants(水力发电厂) 80 about 16 percent of the world's electricity. The Amazon River has more tributaries (支流) than any other river on the planet! Over 1，000 streams (溪流) and small rivers run into it as it 81 through Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil(巴西). How 82 is the Nile to Egypt(埃及) ？ Most of Egypt's population lives within a few miles of the river, 83 the river is not important to just Egypt. It is a water source (水源) for many other East African countries including Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚) and Kenya (肯尼亚). 84 in London in the summer of 1858 was not enjoyable. The Thames (泰晤士河) ， which runs through the city, was so dirty and polluted that it 85 a terrible smell known as the "Great Stink", The government had to do something to deal with it. Since then it has been an ongoing (持续的) effort to keep the river 86 The Yellow River in China gets its 87 from the mud (泥) it carries. It is the world's muddiest river. The Chinese have a saying about the river. If you fall into the Yellow River, you'll 88 get clean again! 79．A．to B．in C．for D．about 80．A．use B．choose C．produce D．waste 81．A．sees B．walks C．looks D．passes 82．A．interesting B．typical C．important D．dangerous 83．A．so B．but C．unless D．because 84．A．Work B．Life C．Weather D．Education 85．A．gave out B．gave up C．took out D．took up 86．A．clean B．dirty C．long D．short 87．A．shape B．name C．size D．smell 88．A．ever B．never C．just D．soon 4 （2022·山东聊城·一模）I visited the Grand Canyon last month. When I arrived, it was early 89 and it was raining. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a path. In the east, the sky was becoming light, but beyond the path, it was still very dark. I knew it was there, but there was 90 to see. After about a kilometre, a stranger 91 in front of me. “Am I going the right way?” I asked. He knew where I was going. “Yes,” he 92 , “you’ll get there in five minutes.” Finally, I came to some rocks, and stopped. I looked 93 over them, but it was still too dark to see anything. Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. The sun 94 behind me and beyond the rocks. I saw that the ground 95 away and down to a river, far below me. I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon, one of the wonders of the natural world. I looked down the Colorado River about 2 kilometres below me. If you put the three 96 buildings in the world at the bottom of the canyon, they still wouldn’t reach the top. Then I looked across to the other side of the canyon. 97 is it? It’s 20 kilometres, maybe more. Finally, I looked to my left and to my right, and on both sides the canyon disappeared into the distance... over 400 kilometres long. The Grand Canyon is not just big. It’s huge! That morning on the edge of the canyon, I asked myself a question. It’s not “How deep is it?” or “How wide is it?” or “How long is it?” but “Is the Grand Canyon the greatest 98 anywhere in the natural world?” I know the answer. But what do you think? 89．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening 90．A．anything B．everything C．nothing 91．A．appeared B．slept C．missed 92．A．asked B．replied C．wrote 93．A．carefully B．clearly C．loudly 94．A．set B．rose C．stood 95．A．failed B．felt C．fell 96．A．tallest B．longest C．widest 97．A．How tall B．How much C．How far 98．A．wonder B．rock C．building 参考答案 一、 1 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 【解析】本文主要从观看地点、颜色及形成原因等方面介绍了北极光。 1．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever been to Iceland? How about Norway or Finland? Maybe you’ve traveled to northern Russia or Canada. These are some of the best places to see one of our planet’s most beautiful natural phenomena (现象). What are we talking about? The Northern Lights, of course!”可推知，通过第一段，我们可以了解到观看北极光的地点。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“What causes the Northern Lights?”以及通读第三段可知，此段主要介绍了北极光是如何形成的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The colors of the Northern Lights have to do with the height.”可知，北极光的颜色与高度有关。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Today, however, we know the science behind the Northern Lights, and people travel thousands of miles each year hoping to see them. Many say it s a magical experience!”可推知，作者接下来将介绍个人观看北极光的经历。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了北极光。故可推知，这篇文章最有可能是写给科学爱好者的。故选D。 2 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．A 【解析】本文介绍了热带雨林，特别是世界上最大的亚马逊雨林，其丰富的生态多样性、独特的自然环境以及科学家在其中发现新物种的情况，同时提及了亚马孙河的规模和特色。 6．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍热带雨林的普遍特征；第二段、第三段和第四段具体介绍亚马逊雨林的多方面信息。故选B。 7．词义猜测题。根据“The really thick parts of forests are what we call jungle.”可知，森林中最茂密的部分就是我们所说的丛林，即许多植物茂密生长的地区。故选D。 8．主旨大意题。根据“more than 48 kilometers at its widest point”、“It runs almost 6,437 kilometers”、“Its volume (水量) is greater than the next eight largest rivers added together.”可知，此段讲了亚马孙河的宽、长以及它的水量，这是亚马孙河的规模。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据“Within its mouth (河口) is an island the size of Switzerland.”可知，亚马孙河河口有一个与瑞士大小相当的岛屿。故选D。 10．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了热带雨林，特别是世界上最大的亚马逊雨林，同时提及了亚马孙河的规模和特色，属于自然类的文章。故选A。 3 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国最近发现了一个巨大的天坑。 11．主旨大意题。根据“In early May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists and explorers found a large sinkhole (天坑) in Leye county, Guangxi. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep.”及本段内容可知，本段主要是对乐业县天坑的总的介绍。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“The county is called ‘the museum of sinkholes’ where people have found 30 sinkholes so far.”可知，这个县被称为“天坑博物馆”是因为天坑的数量。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“When rain water flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks are slowly enlarged. Over time, as the underground structure of the land becomes too weak to support the surface (表面) of the earth and then it falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes.”可知，当雨水流过基岩的小裂缝时，裂缝会慢慢扩大。随着时间的推移，土地的地下结构变得太脆弱，无法支撑地球的表面，然后它慢慢地下降，打开巨大的天坑。因此形成的顺序是③→②→①。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据“In China, they have this unbelievable karst with large sinkholes. In other parts of the world sinkholes might be far more undersized, only a meter or two in diameter”可知，在中国有巨大的天坑，在世界的其他地方，天坑的大小可能要小得多，直径只有一两米。由此可推知，中国的天坑规模比其他国家的天坑大得多。故选C。 4 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园的长臂猿、海南苏铁以及当地文化。 15．细节理解题。根据“In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park.”可知，在20世纪80年代，公园里只有不到10只长臂猿。故选A。 16．细节理解题。根据“It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years.”可知，海南苏铁生长缓慢，但是可以活200年。故选C。 17．词义推测题。根据“It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China.”可知，在北方它不会开花结果，但是在海南，10年以上的海南苏铁会开花并且结果。此处“blossom”含义为“开花”。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“Li people make clothes from bark (树皮).”可知，黎族人用树皮做衣服。故选C。 19．推理判读题。根据“Have you ever heard of National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest?”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园的动植物及风土人情，故可以在杂志中的“自然”版块读到此文章。故选B。 5 20．D 21．A 22．A 23．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了死海的相关信息。 20．细节理解题。根据第一段“Does the Dead Sea (死海) sound like a place to go swimming? What do you expect to see in it? Do you believe there are dead things in the Dead Sea?”可知，作者通过提问来开始文章。故选D。 21．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Different from other lakes you have seen, the Dead Sea is a very salty lake.”并通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述了死海不是海，而是一个咸水湖。故选A。 22．推理判断题。根据最后一段空后“The Dead Sea is an amazing place to visit, and many people go to the Dead Sea each year on holiday.”可知，死海是一个令人惊叹的旅游胜地，每年都有许多人去死海度假。由此推测，选项A“不要害怕死海的名字。”符合语境。故选A。 23．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了死海的相关信息。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍世界上最令人惊叹的自然奇观之一。故选D。 6 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．C 【解析】本文介绍了死亡谷的自然环境以及在此居住的生物。 24．细节理解题。根据“Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live in. It gets little rain a year, so there isn’t much water. In July, temperatures often climb to over 46℃.”可知，死亡谷非常炎热和干燥。故选A。 25．细节理解题。根据“It also has 51 kinds of mammals (哺乳动物), 36 kinds of reptiles (爬行动物), 6 kinds of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds.”可知，在死亡谷有超过393种动物。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives in Death Valley.”可知，水资源短缺是生活在死亡谷的动物们面临的最大挑战。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据“Some animals get the water they need from the seeds of desert sunflowers.”可知，死亡谷的动物从一些植物身上获取水资源。故选D。 28．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了死亡谷的自然环境以及在此居住的生物，由此可推断本文的目的是向我们介绍有关死亡谷的一些事情。故选C。 7 29．D 30．C 31．D 32．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了今年南极洲的海冰面积创下历史新低，引发科学家担忧。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been getting...but by a lot.”可知，NSIDC今年对南极洲海冰的检测，发现南极洲的海冰面积达到了历史新低。故选D。 30．推理判断题。根据第四段“The last time Antartica’s low scaice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 1.03 million square kilometers less sea ice than in 1986. It’s hard to picture such a large area, but it’s around 1.6 times the size of France.”可知，30多年的时间，南极洲海冰消失的面积相当于法国国土面积1.6倍，这是很大的面积，提到法国是为了显示南极洲海冰的急剧减少，故选C。 31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says, ‘Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the situation this year is pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the area.’ ”可知，Ted Scambos认为今年的情况表明该地区的海洋温度将升高，所以他认为气温上升导致了南极洲的变化，故选D。 32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The new low record has worried scientists. The sea ice is...takes in and keeps more heat.”可知，海冰有助于冷却地球。当海冰结冰时，它会将阳光反射回太空。但当海冰融化时，留下的水会变黑，吸收并保持更多的热量。说明南极洲的海冰是地球冷却系统的关键，故选A。 8 33．A 34．B 35．D 36．B 【解析】本文主要是介绍中国黄海湿地的情况，让人们认识到保护湿地的重要性。 33．推理判断题。根据“They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province.”可知中国黄海湿地在江苏盐城，而江苏在中国东部，所以黄海湿地也在东部，故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据“The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too.”可知湿地的气温不高也不低，不冷也不干燥，而是刚刚好，故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据“Offering food and home for some special…because they also prevent flood (洪水).”可知湿地是野生动物的家园，可以为它们提供食物，也可以阻挡洪水，所以我们必须保护湿地，故选D。 36．最佳标题题。根据文章前两段对湿地的介绍和最后一段中“Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife.”可知文章主要讲湿地对人类和动物都很重要，选项B“湿地——野生动物和人类的家园”符合题意，故选B。 9 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．D 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国的湿地保护现状。 37．推理判断题。根据“China has wetlands with 65.9 million hectares（公顷）, 10% of the world’s wetland areas, which comes fourth in the world.”可知中国有着六千五百九十万公顷的湿地，是全世界湿地面积的10%，排名全球第四。由此可知，作者通过列数据来介绍中国湿地的情况。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据“The area of wetlands in China has become larger over the past five years. Between 2016 and 2020, China created 201 national wetland parks. China had 899 national wetland parks by the end of 2020, and nearly half of the country’s wetlands are protected by some levels of government.”可知中国湿地面积在过去五年以来已经扩大了很多。在2016年到2020年，中国创建了201个国家湿地公园。直到2020年底为止，中国已经有899个国家湿地公园了，几乎有一半的国家湿地受到某些级别的政府的保护。由此可知，中国在湿地保护上已经达成了一致。故选C。 39．推理判断题。文章主要谈论的是中国湿地的问题，这是属于自然的话题，因此这篇文章应是来自报纸的“自然”版块。故选A。 40．最佳标题题。根据“China is working hard for a continuous development and will make efforts to perfect the laws on wetland protection.”可知中国在可持续发展方面正在努力奋斗，并且会努力完善关于湿地保护方面的法律法规。说明文章主要谈论的是中国湿地的保护情况，选项D“中国在湿地保护方面的进步”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 10 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．B 【解析】本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理条件，以及Gary Smith和朋友们穿越沙漠的经历。 41．细节理解题。根据“As the rainfall in the area gradually went down every year, it became a huge desert. Most areas of this desert have less than 13 cm of rain every year.”可知，撒哈拉变成一个沙漠，是因为越来越少的降水。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“Even worse, he could not find out which direction to go. Then a sandstorm covered the area. ... In the heat that he couldn’t stand, he quickly finished his water.”和“When Smith awoke, he was in the car with his friends.”可知，首先是Gary Smith在沙漠中迷路、然后是一场风暴席卷这个地区、接下来是Gary Smith摔倒在沙漠中、最后是获救，正确的顺序为a-c-b-d。故选A。 43．词句猜测题。根据“In such a large desert with the weather conditions, this made it possible for him to survive”可知，在这么大的沙漠里，加上当时的天气状况，这让他有可能幸存下来；“this”指的是“处于这种天气状况下”。故选B。 44．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理条件，以及Gary Smith和朋友们穿越沙漠的经历，意在说明在撒哈拉沙漠生存是很有挑战性的。故选B。 11 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．C 【解析】本文介绍了北极的一些恶劣情况。北极是一个充满麻烦和困难的地方，留在那里的人可能会面临许多问题：非常冷的温度，突然的风暴，甚至饥饿。很少有人能住在这么困难的地方。 45．细节理解题。根据“About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. ”可知，大约100年前，两个人成功地到达了北极。故选A。 46．词义猜测题。根据“Few people can live in such a difficult place.”可知，该地区大部分地区无人居住。所以划线词意为“无人居住的”。故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water (水道) called ‘leads’. ”可知，是因为冰下的海水在移动。故选C。 48．主旨大意题。根据“However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.”以及通读全文可知，本文介绍了北极的一些恶劣情况。C选项“北极的真实情况。”符合文章大意。故选C。 12 49．A 50．B 51．A 52．D 53．C 【解析】本文介绍了维多利亚湖对非洲人民的重要性，它当前面临的问题以及原因是什么。 49．细节理解题。根据“It is an important lake because it is one of the sources (源头) for the longest river in the world, the Nile River.”可知，维多利亚湖是非洲的一个重要湖泊。故选A。 50．词句猜测题。根据“There are several power stations (发电厂) at Lake Victoria in Uganda. These are on the Nile River, and besides producing power, they keep the water of the lake at a certain level.”可知，在乌干达的维多利亚湖有几个发电站。它们位于尼罗河上，除了发电之外，它们还使湖水保持在一定的水平。“These”指的是“发电站”。故选B。 51．推理判断题。根据“People, animals and plants around Lake Victoria will suffer even more from the low water level on the lake.”可知，维多利亚湖水位下降，生活在维多利亚周围的人、动物和植物将遭受更大的损失；由此推知找到更多的水资源是解决这一问题的方法。故选A。 52．推理判断题。根据“These are on the Nile River, and besides producing power, they keep the water of the lake at a certain level.”可知，发电站的作用是发电，以及使湖水保持在一定的水平，即乌干达的发电厂不为这个湖提供水。故选D。 53．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍维多利亚的重要性；第二段介绍维多利亚湖面临的问题；第三、四段是分析原因；第五段则是阐述维多利亚湖水位低带来的后果；选项C符合本文结构。故选C。 二、 1 54．A 55．B 56．C 57．B 58．A 59．C 60．C 61．A 62．A 63．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了由BBC和CCTV联合拍摄的纪录片《野性中国》。 54．句意：你可能不知道我们的祖国有多伟大。 great伟大的；terrible可怕的；strange奇怪的。根据空后“our motherland”，结合选项，可知空处表示“伟大的”。故选A。 55．句意：2008年，英国广播公司BBC和中央电视台CCTV联合制作的纪录片《野性中国》在北京奥运会前在英国BBC播出。 written书面的；called叫做；spoken口语的。分析句子，可知句中“a documentary ( 纪 录 片 )”的片名叫做“Wild China”。故选B。 56．句意：这部长达300分钟的纪录片让人们对中国奇妙的野生动物感到惊讶。 worried担心；disappointed使失望；surprised使惊讶。根据“with China’s fantastic wild life”，结合选项，可知是让人们感到“惊讶”。故选C。 57．句意：这是一个很好的机会，让你了解这个伟大国家的性质，并结识一些有趣和特殊的生物生活在这里。 decision决定；chance机会；change改变。根据“to know about the nature of this great country…”，结合选项，可知空处指“机会”。故选B。 58．句意：这是一个很好的机会，让你了解这个伟大国家的性质，并结识一些有趣和特殊的生物生活在这里。 living住；dying死亡；lying处于。根据空前“special creatures (物种) ”和空后“here”，结合选项，可知此处表示“生活在这里”。故选A。 59．句意：你还可以欣赏中国千山万水的风景，其中最著名的是五岳。 boring令人厌烦的；awful很坏的；famous著名的。根据空后“the Five Great Mountains”（五岳），结合选项，可知空处表示“著名的”。故选C。 60．句意：更重要的是，你可以看一看中国南方长满稻田的山丘。 walk步行；break打破；look看。根据空前“take a”，结合选项，可知此处是短语take a look意为“看一看”。故选C。 61．句意：此外，您还可以了解丝绸之路的历史以及中国和其他国家之间如何进行丝绸贸易。 traded交易；produced生产；collected收集。根据前文中“Silk Road”（丝绸之路），结合选项，可知此处表示“丝绸贸易”。故选A。 62．句意：看看外国人眼中的中国是什么样子是很有趣的。 foreigners外国人；passengers乘客；climbers登山者。根据前文所述，可知这部纪录片是英国广播公司BBC和中央电视台CCTV联合制作的，结合选项，可推知空处指“外国人”。故选A。 63．句意：如果你太忙而没有时间在中国旅行，你很幸运，因为《狂野中国》可以带你去中国旅行，看到奇妙而不同的风景。 uneasy不安的；special特殊的；lucky幸运的。根据“because Wild China can take you on a trip of China and see the wonderful and different scenery”，结合选项，可推知空处表示“幸运的”。故选C。 2 64．C 65．B 66．D 67．B 68．A 69．C 70．D 71．A 72．B 73．C 74．A 75．D 76．C 77．A 78．B 【解析】本文作者主要描述了学生时代下雪天的场景。告诉我们应该腾出时间去爱大自然美景，而不仅仅为了谋生。 64．句意：首先，我会等着广播里传来消息，然后微笑。 cry哭；sleep睡觉；smile微笑；call打电话。根据下文的描述可知，作者是期待着下雪，所以听到广播里传来下雪的消息，作者会开心地微笑，故选C。 65．句意：下雪天意味着我可以看电视，而不是离开家站在寒冷的外面等公共汽车。 hot热的；cold冷的；cool凉快的；warm暖和的。根据“Having a snowy day”可知，下雪天室外的天气是寒冷的，故选B。 66．句意：那天晚些时候，我会出去在厚厚的、潮湿的大雪中玩。 study学习；work工作；exercise锻炼；play 玩。根据“in the thick, wet, heavy snow”可知，在厚厚的雪中玩耍，故选D。 67．句意：我会堆雪人，滑雪橇下山，和兄弟们打雪仗。 for为了；with和；over翻越；to到。根据“have a snowball fight…my brothers”可知，和兄弟们打雪仗，故选B。 68．句意：有时我只是环顾四周，欣赏冬日仙境的美景。 enjoy欣赏；share分享；describe描述；introduce介绍。根据“the beauty of winter wonderland”可知，此处指欣赏冬日美景。故选A。 69．句意：当我感到又冷又湿的时候，我就会进屋，坐在火炉旁舒适的椅子上，让我的狗躺在我的脚上，读我最喜欢的书。 heavy沉重的；expensive昂贵的；comfortable舒服的；hard艰难的。根据“sit in my... chair by the stove”可知，躺在舒服的椅子上，故选C。 70．句意：当我感到又冷又湿的时候，我就会进屋，坐在火炉旁舒适的椅子上，让我的狗躺在我的脚上，读我最喜欢的书。 eyes眼睛；ears耳朵；hands手；feet脚。根据“...my dog lying on my...”可知，狗躺在脚上，故选D。 71．句意：下午在和我的狗玩完之后，我就会走进厨房，看看妈妈和奶奶在做什么晚饭。 kitchen厨房；bedroom卧室；restroom洗手间；bathroom浴室。根据“...were cooking for dinner.”可知，在厨房做晚餐，故选A。 72．句意：它闻起来如此美味。 felt感觉；smelled闻起来；sounded听起来；heard听说。It指代前文提到的chicken，鸡肉闻起来美味，故选B。 73．句意：晚饭后我会紧挨着妈妈躺在沙发上，盖着毛毯，吃着爆米花看电视一直到睡觉时间。 buy买；make制作；eat吃；take带走。这里描述的的是作者吃完晚饭后，惬意地放松休闲的方式，因此这里指的是躺在沙发上，吃着爆米花看电视的场景。故选C。 74．句意：然后我会把我的毯子拉到我的脖子上，与此同时我的狗躺在床上靠在我的脚边。 while与……同时；until直到；so因此；although虽然。此处描写的是作者和他的狗两种共存的行为状态，故选A。 75．句意：我认为我们所有人都应该在生活中放几天雪天，如果不是在活动中，那么至少在我们的心里。 cloudy多云的；rainy多雨的；sunny晴朗的；snowy下雪的。根据“I can still remember those few special snow days during my growing up”可知，因下雪而放假，故选D。 76．句意：我们应该为重要的事情腾出时间。 difficult困难的；serious严重的；important重要的；terrible可怕的。根据后面一句“We should stop and see the beauty all around us.”可知，我们应该停下来并看一看身边美好的东西，可推断前面想说为重要的事情腾出时间。故选C。 77．句意：我们应该为这样幸福的生活及其中的所有的快乐而感谢我们的家庭及自己。 happy快乐的；busy忙碌的；noisy吵闹的；scary吓人的。根据前一句内容“We should play, read, eat, laugh, and sing.”可知这样的生活应该是快乐幸福的。故选A。 78．句意：我们应该腾出时间去爱而不是仅仅为了谋生。 mistake错误；living生计；difference不同；decision决定。结合整篇文章的主题，作者想表达的是应该腾出时间来欣赏身边美好的事物，而不能被工作生计完全占据。短语make a living谋生。故选B。 3 79．D 80．C 81．D 82．C 83．B 84．B 85．A 86．A 87．B 88．B 【分析】本文介绍了有关河流的一些有趣的事实。 79．句意：以下是一些关于河流的有趣事实！to朝向；in在……里面；for为了；about大约,关于。根据some fun fact和rivers之间的联系可知之间应该填about，表示“关于”。故选D。 80．句意：事实上，水力发电厂的发电量占世界总发电量的16%。use使用；choose选择；produce生产；waste浪费。根据“about 16 percent of the world's electricity”可知，表示“发出电”，应该使用produce。故选C。 81．句意：在流经秘鲁、玻利维亚、委内瑞拉、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔和巴西的过程中，有1000多条溪流和小型河流流入。see看见；walk步行；look看；pass通过，经过。根据“Over 1,000 streams and small rivers”和“through …”可知该处意思是亚马孙河“流经”秘鲁、玻利维亚、委内瑞拉等国家。故选D。 82．句意：尼罗河对埃及有多重要？interesting有趣的；typical典型的；important重要的；dangerous危险的。由下句中的not important just to Egpt可知该空填important。故选C。 83．句意：大多数埃及人口生活在离尼罗河几英里的范围内，但尼罗河不仅仅对埃及重要。so所以；but但是；unless除非；because因为。前后两个分句呈转折关系，所以该空填but。故选B。 84．句意：1858年夏天在伦敦的生活并不愉快。work工作；life生活；weather天气；education教育。由下句可知那年夏天泰晤士河臭气熏天，所以当时伦敦的“生活”不太好过。故选B。 85．句意：贯穿整个城市的泰晤士河（泰晤士河）脏兮兮、污染严重，散发出一种被称为“恶臭味”的可怕气味。give out散发；give up放弃；take out拿出；take up占据。由前面的dirty和polluted可知，该处表示发出一种“令人不快的”气味。故选A。 86．句意：从那时起，一直在努力保持河流的清洁。clean干净的；dirty脏的；long长的；short短的。根据上句“The government had to do something to deal with it.”可知，为了保持泰晤士河的“干净”，自此开始了一场持久不懈的努力。故选A。 87．句意：中国的黄河因其携带的泥沙而得名。shape形状；name名字；size尺寸；smell味道。因为泥沙是黄的，所以黄河由此得名。故选B。 88．句意：如果你掉进黄河，你就再也洗不干净了！ever曾经；never从不；just仅仅；soon不久。本句是一句中国谚语“跳进黄河也洗不清”可知，该空应该填never，故选B。 4 89．A 90．C 91．A 92．B 93．A 94．B 95．C 96．A 97．C 98．A 【解析】本文讲了作者去看大峡谷路上的所见所闻、大峡谷的奇伟壮观以及作者的自问的感想。作者认为大峡谷是自然界最伟大的奇迹。 89．句意：当我到达的时候，是清晨，天正在下雨。 morning早上；afternoon下午；evening晚上。根据“In the east, the sky was becoming light, but beyond the path, it was still very dark.”可知，东边的天渐渐亮了，但路那边还是很黑，所以是清晨。故选A。 90．句意：我知道它就在那里，但什么也看不见。 anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没有什么。根据“I knew it was there, but there was...to see.”可知，太阳就在那，但是天还没亮，所以什么都看不见。故选C。 91．句意：大约走了一公里后，一个陌生人出现在我面前。 appeared出现；slept睡觉；missed思念，错过。根据“‘Am I going the right way?’ I asked”可知，一个陌生人出现在我面前，故选A。 92．句意：“是的，”他回答说，“你五分钟就能到那儿。” asked请求，问；replied回复；wrote写。根据“‘Am I going the right way?’ I asked.”可知，此处是陌生人回答我的问题，故选B。 93．句意：我在它们上方仔细地看了看，但还是太黑了，什么也看不见。 carefully仔细地；clearly清楚地；loudly大声地。根据“I looked...over them, but it was still too dark to see anything.”可知，是仔细地看，但还是什么都看不见。故选A。 94．句意：太阳从我身后的岩石那边升起。 set设置；rose升起；stood站立。根据“The sun...behind me and beyond the rocks.”可知，清晨太阳升起，故选B。 95．句意：我看见地面渐渐下沉，在我下面很远的地方坠入了一条河。 failed失败；felt感觉；fell降落。根据“I saw that the ground...away and down to a river”可知，地面渐渐下沉，此处是fall away短语，意为“消失，减弱渐退”。故选C。 96．句意：如果你把世界上最高的三座建筑放在峡谷底部，它们仍然达不到顶端。 tallest最高的；longest最长的；widest最宽的。根据“If you put the three...buildings in the world at the bottom of the canyon, they still wouldn’t reach the top.”可知，最高的建筑物也达不到顶端，故选A。 97．句意：有多远？ How tall多高；How much多少，多少钱；How far多远。根据“It’s 20 kilometres, maybe more.”可知，此处问距离，故选C。 98．句意：大峡谷是自然界最伟大的奇观吗？ wonder奇观；rock岩石；building建筑物。根据“Is the Grand Canyon the greatest...anywhere in the natural world?”可知，大峡谷是自然界的奇观，故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$